【课件】Unit+4+Discover+useful+structures人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Discoveringusefulstructures过去分词作表语、定语和状语(与现在分词的区分）Unit4JourneyAcrossaVastLandWorkingroups.Discussthequestions.Lead

inIfyouhaveachancetotravelabroad,whichtransportationwillyouchoose?1.过去分词作表语与被动语态的差异Iwasastonishedatthenews.(系表)ThenewswasspreadbyTom.(被动)被动语态表示动作,强调被动关系,绝大多数被动结构中的行为执行者可以由by引出。作表语用的过去分词表示主语的特点或所处的状态,这种结构中的过去分词前可加quite、very、rather等修饰词。done作表语用法归纳一、做状语过去分词做状语和表语过去分词：done（和逻辑主语是被动关系）特点:1一般用逗号隔开

2逻辑主语和主句主语一致1.Givenanotherhour,Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem.再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题.(given为过去分词作状语，它的逻辑主语为主句主语I,即I被再给一个小时。)2.Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksmorebeautifultous.从山顶看城市，城市显得更漂亮。(seen为过去分词作状语，表"被看",由语境可知，它的逻辑主语必须是城市，而不是"我们",因为"我们"应主动看城市。)Borninapoorfamily,Nadiahadonlytwoyearsofschooling.由于出生于贫寒家庭,纳迪亚只上过两年学。(表原因)Whenaskedherfutureplans,thegirlsaidthatshewantedtobeateacher.当问到未来的计划时,这个女孩说她想成为一名教师。(表时间)Somemedicines,ifwronglytaken,cankillaperson.当误服时,有些药可以要人命。(表条件)Encouragedbyhisparents,hestillhasnoconfidenceinovercomingthedifficulties.尽管受到了父母的鼓励,他仍然没有信心克服困难。(表让步)Thepatientgotoffthebed,supportedbythenurse.那个病人在护士的搀扶下下了床。(表方式)Thegirlmetwithanaccidentwhencrossingtheroad,woundedinthehead.那个女孩过马路时出了事故,头部受了伤。(表结果)作用：分词在句中作状语时,可表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随、结果、让步等。过去分词作状语多放在句首,也可放在后面或插在中间。如：【探究总结】过去分词作状语，可以表示_________、_________、_________、___________、___________和结果，相当于一个状语从句或and连接的并列结构。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语构成被动关系。时间原因条件让步伴随【应用实践】(1)_______intheearly20thcentury,theschoolkeepsoninspiringchildren'sloveofart.A.FoundingB.FoundedC.FoundD.Itwasfounded(2)

When_____forhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.A.askingB.heaskingC.askedD.heasked(3)______withcare,onetinwilllastforsixweeks.A.UsedB.UsingC.ItisusedD.Itisusing√√√Thesignalgiven,thebusstarted.信号一发出，汽车就开动了。(thesignal是given的逻辑主语，因此主句主语thebus就不是given的逻辑主语。)Herheadheldhigh,shewentby.她把头昂得高高地从这儿走了过去。(herhead是heldhigh的逻辑主语，因此主句主语she就不再是heldhigh的逻辑主语。)特殊结构：独立主格如果过去分词作状语时，前面再加逻辑主语，主句的主语就不再是分词的逻辑主语，这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构。2.过去分词短语作状语时在句中的位置【观察思考】(1)Toldthathismotherwasill,LiLeihurriedhome.

得知母亲病了,李雷赶紧回家。(2)Theoldmanwalkedintotheroom,supportedbyhisson.老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。【探究总结】过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时,通常放在_______(句首/句末)；作伴随、结果状语时,通常放在________(句首/句末)；作方式状语时,一般放在句末,有时也放在句首;作让步状语时,一般放在句首,有时也放在句末。句首句末二、做表语过去分词作状语时，可在分词之前加某些连词，以表示强调。“连词+过去分词”结构作状语常用的有if,unless,when,once,until,though/although,evenif/eventhough,as,asif等。Thegirlwasamazedtoseesuchanopencountry.Doyoufeelfrightenedwhengoingintothewildernessalone?过去分词和逻辑主语之间是被动关系。Ifadmitted,Iwilltrymybesttodotheworkwell.(admit和I为被动关系)whenburnedbythefire,weshoulddealwithitundertherunningwater.(burn和we为被动关系)过去分词作表语和状语一、过去分词作表语

1、过去分词作表语的意义【观察思考】

(1)Thegirlswereamazedtoseesuchanopencountry.

女孩们看到这样一个开阔的国家感到惊奇。

(2)Heseemedquitedelightedatthenews.听到那个消息他似乎很高兴。

(3)ThedoorremainedunlockedwhenIwentbackhome.

我回家时门仍然未锁。【探究总结】过去分词除了放在be动词后,也可放在remain、seem、get、feel、look、become等之后作表语,表示主语所处的________(动作/状态)。状态【应用实践】(1)Thousandsofholidaymakersremained_______abroadduetothevolcanicashcloud.A.stuckB.stickC.stickedD.sticking(2)Ladiesandgentlemen,pleaseremain________untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.A.seatingB.seatedC.seatD.sat(3)Whydoyoualwayslook________?A.tiringB.tireC.tiredD.tying(4)I_________atthefilmIsawlastnight.Ihadexpectedittobebetter.

A.amdisappointingB.amdisappointedC.wasdisappointingD.wasdisappointed√√√√1Thegirlswere___________toseesuchanopencountry.Thefarmscoveredaverylargearea,whichwas_______________2Goingintothewildernessalonecanbe_______________Doyoufeel__________whengoingintothewildernessalone?3_________fromthetopofthemountain,thescenerywasreallyfascinating._________thesceneryfromthetopofthemountain,Iwasfascinatedbytheautumncolours.4_________eastwards,youwillpasstheCanadianRockies.Finally,thecompany—____________byitsnewmanager—startedtomakeaprofit.amazedamazingfrighteningfrightenedSeenSeeingHeadingheaded1Fillineachblankwiththecorrectformofaverbfromthebox.Findthedifferencebetweeneachpairofsentences,payingattentiontothe–edand-ingforms.ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.seefrightenheadamaze1Webecame____________whenthinkingaboutthosebeautifullocationsinFinland.Weexpectedtoexperiencealotof______________thingsthere.2Wewenttobedassoonaswearrivedatthehotelbecausewewereso___________.Theeight-hourtrainridewasquite______________.3Iwasnot___________withthehotel.ltwasnotascleanasIhadexpected.Butwehada________mealatthehotel'srestaurant,soIfeltabitbetterlateron.4Itwasraininghardthenextday,sowejuststayedinthehotelandwatchedTV.Sadly,theTVprogrammesthatdaywerereally________________.Aswehadnothingelsetodo,wefeltpretty___________.excitedexcitingtiredtiringsatisfiedsatisfyingboringbored2Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese,payingattentiontothedifferentmeaningsofthe-ed：and-ingforms.boreexcitetiresatisfy4.过去分词短语与动词-ing短语作状语的区别【观察思考】(1)Askedwhyhewaslate,hecried.

被问到他为什么迟到时,他哭了。

(2)Lookingoutofthewindow,Isawsomestudentsplayingthere.我朝窗外望去,看见几个学生正在那边玩耍。【探究总结】过去分词短语与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的______关系,即表示被动;动词-ing短语与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的_______关系,即表示主动。（主谓/动宾）动宾主谓状语中的动词与逻辑主语的关系为主动，则用____________；被动，则用________________-ing-ed【应用实践】用所给词的适当形式填空。①__________

(find)thecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.②Time,_______(use)correctly,ismoneyinthebank.③

________(use)thebook,Ifindituseful.④_________(worry)abouthisson'ssafety,hedidn'tsleepwell.⑤_________(hear)thejoke,Icouldn'thelplaughing.FindingusedUsingWorriedHearingEXAMPLEWhenpeopleaskedthemanwhatthetripmeanttohim,hesaiditwas“anexperienceofalifetime”.Whenaskedwhatthetripmeanttohim,themansaiditwas“anexperienceofalifetime”.3Rewritethesentences.Addinformationasnecessary.ButchartGardenswastransformedfromaquarry.Ithasnowbecomeafamousdestinationfortravellers._______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Transformedfromaquarry,ButchartGardenshasnowbecomeafamousdestinationfortravellers.2IfyoucompareQuebecCitywithothercitiesinCanada,itseemsmorelikeacharmingEuropeanvillage.___________________________________________________________________________3TheydidnotknowwheretostarttheirsightseeinginLuoyang,sotheywenttotheTouristInformationCentre.___________________________________________________________________________________4WhentheyheardthattheSea-to-SkyHighwaywasCanada'smostscenicdrive,theymadeWestVancouvertheirfirstdestination.___________________________________________________________________________