英语各句子成分课件

英语句子成分OfficeofWPSProfessorLauraAmrkhoul,2012英语句子成分OfficeofWPSProfessorL英语的5

种基本句型一、主语+谓语二、主语+谓语+宾语三、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语Igivehimabook.四、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语Iwantyoutogowithme.五、主语+系动词+表语Itsmellsgood.Sheisateacher.主语+谓语+宾语英语的5种基本句型一、主语+谓语主语+谓语+宾语英语的8

大句子成分主语：subject

谓语：predicate

宾语：objectdirectobject(直接宾语)

indirectobject(间接宾语）定语：attributive

状语：adverbial补语：objectcomplement表语：predicative同位语：appositive英语的8大句子成分主语：subject

谓语：predi主语、谓语、宾语subject

predicateobjectdirectobject(直接宾语)

indirectobject(间接宾语）主语、谓语、宾语subjectdirectobjectTheprettygirlsingssongsonthestageeverySunday.Mumboughtmysisterapresent.Thesungivesuslightandwarmth.主语谓语宾语间接宾语直接宾语间接宾语直接宾语Theprettygirlsingssongson表语predicative定义：系动词后面的成分叫作表语。表语predicative定义：系动词后面的成分叫作表语。一、状态系动词用来表示主语状态，只有be一词。Heisateacher.Thesedesksareyellow.Iamallright.Wearehappynow.一、状态系动词二、持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep,remain,stay,stand。Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.Thismatterremainsamystery.Ican'tstayawakeanylonger.Thehousestandsemptyforalongtime.二、持续系动词三、表像系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem,appear,look。Helookstired.Heseems(tobe)verysad.三、表像系动词四、感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste。Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.Thisflowersmellsverysweet.四、感官系动词五、变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run。Hebecamemadafterthat.Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.五、变化系动词六、终止系动词表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove,turnout,表达“证实”“变成”之意。Therumorprovedfalse.Thesearchproveddifficult.Hisplanturned

outasuccess.六、终止系动词同位语appositive同位语appositiveMr.Smith,ournewteacher,isverykindtous.YesterdayImetTom,afriendofmybrother’s.HetoldmethathisbrotherJohnwasaworld-famousdoctor.WeChinesepeoplearebraveandhard-working.Mr.Smith,ournewteacher,is定语attributive定语attributive一、介词短语定语Theboyintheclassroomneedsapenofyours.TheboyinblueisTom.Therearetwoboysof9,andthreeof10.一、介词短语定语二、形容词定语所有的形容词，只要后面加名词，都是定语。Sheisabeautifulgirl.Youareallhard-workingstudents.二、形容词定语三、名词定语Theboyneedsaballpen.Thewomandoctorismymother.三、名词定语四、副词定语Theboythereneedsapen.ThebestboyhereisTom.Readtheparagraphbelow.Wehadtogetoffandtakethebusbehind.四、副词定语五、不定式定语Theboytowritethisletterneedsapen.Thereisnothingtodotoday.Heisthebestmantodothejob.五、不定式定语六、分词定语Thesmilingboyneedsthepenboughtbyhismother.Wemustadaptourthinkingtothechangedconditions.Theybuiltahighwayleadingintothemountains.Theswimmingpoolisoverthere.六、分词定语七、定语从句Ilikethebookthat/whichTomisreading.Henryistheboywho/thatisreadingabook.Wearehelpingthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.Heisthemanwhom

/thatIsawyesterday.IusedtoplaywithhimintheyearswhenIlivedinthecountryside.Itisthereasonwhyhedidn’tgotoschool.IlikethevillagewhereIspentmychildhood.七、定语从句状语adverbial状语adverbial一、时间状语Sheistobemarriednext

month.她预定在下个月结婚。I’llmeetyouat4o’clock.我将在4点钟和你见面。Alotofstudentsmissedmylectureyesterday.昨天许多学生误了我的课。一、时间状语二、地点状语Ifirstmethimin

Paris.我初次见到他是在巴黎。注：地点状语除表位置外，还可以表“出发”“去向”“距离”等。如：Areyougladtobegoingback

to

school?返回学校你感到高兴吗?

Theylivedmany

miles

from

the

town.他们住的地方离镇子好几英里远。二、地点状语三、方面状语Sheisveryweakin

physics.她物理很不行。Chinaisveryrichin

natural

resources.中国自然资源丰富。Thisisbetterin

every

waythanthat.这个在哪一方面都比那个要好。Thebridgeis2500metersin

lengthand150metersin

height.这座桥长2500米，高150米。三、方面状语四、原因状语Hewassurprisedat

what

she

said.听到她说的话，他很吃惊。Hesucceededby

hard

work.他由于努力工作而成功。Hewassenttoprisonfor

robbery.他因为抢劫而坐牢。四、原因状语五、结果状语Hetalkedhiswifeinto

buying

acar.他说服他妻子买一辆小汽车。Itrainedheavily,causing

severe

flooding

in

that

country.大雨滂沱，造成了那个国家洪水泛滥。五、结果状语六、目的状语Theywentoutforawalk.他们出去散步了。Hestoodasidefor

her

topass.他靠边站让她过去。Hecuppedhiseartohearbetter.他的手捂着耳朵，以便听得更清楚。六、目的状语七、条件状语Canyouseewithout

your

glasses?你不戴眼镜能看得清东西吗？United,westand；divided,wefall.团结则存，分裂则亡。WithmoremoneyIwouldbeabletobuyit.钱多一点的话，我就买得起。七、条件状语八、让步状语Forallhismoney,he’saverylonelyman.他虽然富有，可是非常寂寞。Carolwenttoworkinspiteoffeelingill.卡洛尔尽管感到不舒服仍去上了班。八、让步状语九、程度状语Idon’tlikecoffeevery

much.我不太喜欢咖啡。Toagreatextent,itisnotfair.在很大程度上，这是不公平的。Thesystemwhichisusedinthisschoolisverysuccessful.这个学校所施行的制度是非常成功的。九、程度状语十、方式状语Wecameonthebus.我们坐公共汽车来的。Youmustpaythebillin

cash.你必须用现金付账。Iwatchedthegameon

television.我在电视上收看了那场比赛。十、方式状语十一、伴随状语Isleptwiththewindowopen.我开着窗睡觉。Shesaidgood-byewith

tears

in

her

eyes.她含着泪水说再见。Heranuptoherbreathing

heavily.他气喘吁吁地跑到她跟前。十一、伴随状语十二、比较状语LessonTwoisnotasdifficultas

Lesson

One.Ourclassisbiggerthan

yours.十二、比较状语十三、评注性状语To

be

honest,Idon’tlikehimatall. 老实说，我根本不喜欢他。Generally

speaking,mencanrunfasterthanwomen.一般说来，男人比女人跑得快一些。Perhapsitwill,perhapsitwon’t. 也许会，也许不会。十三、评注性状语补语objectcomplement定义：置于宾语之后补充说明宾语的叫做宾语补语。补语objectcomplement定义：置于宾语之后补充一、不定式Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。Webelievehimtobeguilty.我们认为他是有罪的。Wemadehimcopy