UNIT3SEAEXPLORATIONLEARNINGABOUTLANGUAGE课件人教高中英语选择性必修第四册

Unit3SeaExplorationPeriod2：LearningaboutlanguageToconsolidatetheimportantwordsinthetext.Toconsolidatetheimportantchunksinthetext.Retelltheexplorationactivitiesoftheoceaninthepastofourcountryaccordingtothetimelinebelow.Timeinancienttimesinthe8thcenturyinMingDynastytodayinthefutureTherearemanyt__________andlegendsabouthowseamenexploredtheoceansinthepast.Buthowmanyofthemarereliable?Thefactisthattheyneededmultiplewaystokeepsafeafters________sail.Usingnaturetohelpisthefirstandmostusefulformofexploration.ThisincludestheNorthStar,Sunandclouds.Usingtheweather.Experiencedcaptainscouldseetheb________betweenweatheranddangers.Eithertheywithdrewthefleetsore________theirvoyage.Usingthesea.Skillfulsailorscouldusetidesandcurrentstocarryshipsbacktotheshoreorpassthroughnarrowc_________.Theseskillshelpedseamenexploretheseasanddiscoverednewlands.Theyneedednotonlytheinstrumentsbutalsocourageandluck.Finishthepassage.talessettingbondsextendedchannels1._________animaginarystoryoranexcitingdescriptionofanevent2._________relatedtothekingorqueenofacountry3._________toreachanagreementbydiscussion4._________tostoptakingpartinanactivity5._________tomakesomethinglongerorlarger6._________aconnectionbetweenpeople7._________alevelofquality,ability,etc.8._________adeeppassageofwaterusedasarouteforshipsWritedownthewordthatmatcheseachdefinition.taleroyalnegotiateextendbondwithdrawleaguechannel1.Theircommonexperiencecreatedastrong_________betweenthem.2.AsamajorfigureinBritishpolitics,Churchillwasina_________ofhisown.3.Thedeadlinehasbeen________bytwodays.4.Iamreadingabookaboutfolk_________andancientlegends.bondextendedtalesleagueChoosetheappropriatewordsfromabovetocompletethefollowingsentences.Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthephrasesinthebox.1.HenryNormanBethunedevotedhislifeandprofessiontohelpingpeoplewithoutexpectinganything_______________.2.LastsummerwevisitedanislandintheIndianOcean,whoserockycoastlineandlonggoldenbeacheswere________________.3.Thetennisplayer______________severaltournamentsduetoinjury.4.Withlotsoffoodanddrink____________,theysetofffortheirpicnic.inreturn

asighttobeholdasighttobeholdinhandwithdrawfrominreturnwithdrewfrom

inhandCompletethepassagebelowwiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.findone’swayboredomreachoutacrosstheseasetsailformthefoundationtalemotivateIn1519,FerdinandMagellan,aPortugueseadventurer,madethefirstvoyagearoundtheworld.On14June2008,nearly500yearslater,a16-year-oldAmericanboy,ZacSunderland,________onasimilarjourney.After13months,hereturnedwithanewworldrecord:theyoungestpersonevertosailaroundtheworld.setsailZacgrewuponaboatandlearnthowtosailwhenhewasfour,which_______________________ofhissuccess.Asachild,ZacreadabookaboutRobinLeeGrahamwhohadsailedaroundtheworldaloneasateenagerin1965.ZacwasgreatlyinspiredbyGraham's

_________________.Afterhis16thbirthday,Zacstartedmakingplansforhisjourney.Usinghisownmoney,Zacboughtaboatandsetoff.________________________isoftenamixtureofdangerand____________________.Zachadto____________________throughheavystormsandgetbyonlittlesleeponhisjourney.Itwasboringtostayonaboatallday,soZacreadlotsofbooks!formedthefoundationtaleReachingoutacrossthesea

boredom

findhiswayHealsoemailedhisfamilyusinghislaptop,tellingthemabouthisexperiencesaroundtheworld.Whenthejourneyended,Zac’sadventurereceivedwidespreadmediacoverage.Athispressconference,hetalkedabouthowpassionandcouragemadehisdreamcometrue.Inhisopinion,there’ssomuchthatpeoplecanachievewiththeright________________andambition.Justgoforit!motivationFindallthesentencescontaininginfinitivesinthereadingpassage.Thenmarktheirfunctions.1Asthesubject(S)主语

2Asthepredicative(P)表语3Astheobject(O)宾语

4Astheobjectcomplement(OC)宾补5Astheattributive(Attr)定语

6Astheadverbial(Ad)状语SuggestedAnswers:Tocompletethegreatmapoftheworldwasastrongpassionfor...MarcoPolo’stalesinspiredEuropeanexplorerstosearchforsearoutesfromwesttoeast.Here,merchantsfromChinaandmanyotherplacesmettonegotiatetradedeals...Thesefleetswereasighttobeholdandwereinaleagueoftheirownatthattime.(S)(OC)(Ad)

(Attr)Toreachoutacrossthesearemainsastrongdesiretoday.

Theaimofthisinitiativeistoencouragecooperationand...

Tradinghasgrowngreatly...,andwillcontinuetodosoinyearstocome....whichwillhelptogreatlydevelopthewholeareaforthebenefitoffuturetradeandculturalexchange....therearestillmanyotherplaceslefttoexplore.(P)(Attr)(O)(O;Attr)(S)...ChinahasjoinedothernationsonseveralexpeditionstoexploretheArctic....thereisanurgentneedtostudytheArcticinordertounderstandclimatechangeanditseffects....theneedtotradeandthedesiretoenhancerelationshipswilldriveChinatoreachoutacrosstheseafarintothefuture.(Attr;Ad)(Attr)(Attr;Attr;OC)动词不定式主动被动用法一般式todotobedone表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时发生的动作完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作进行式tobedoing/表示正在进行的动作，与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生完成进行式tohavebeendoing/表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前一直进行的动作不定式的构成与形式不定式是非谓语动词的一种，在句中可以作除谓语以外的其他成分，如主语、宾语、表语、宾补、定语、状语等。e.g.Tosayisonething;todoisanother.

Hewantstoknowhismother’ssecret.

Mydreamistowriteabookaboutmylife.

Theprofessoraskedherassistanttomakeadetailedplan.

ThebestplacetovisitinMayismyhometown.

Ireturnedhomeonlytofindshehadleft.不定式的用法不定式作主语和宾语常跟不定式作宾语的动词：agree,aim,arrange,choose,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,fail,intend,learn,plan,manage,offer,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,threaten,wish当主语较长、谓语较短时，常用it作形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。

e.g.Itwaswiseofyoutorefusehisinvitation.有些动词既可跟不定式，又可跟v.-ing形式作宾语，但意义有所区别。这类动词有remember,forget,regret,try,mean等。

remember/forget/regrettodo

remember/forget/regretdoing

trytodotrydoingmeantodomeandoinge.g.I’msorrytohavedonethat.Ididn’tmeantobesorude.

Thatdoesn’tmeanreadingittooslowly.记得/忘记/遗憾要做某事记得/忘记/懊悔做过某事设法做某事试着做某事打算、意欲做某事意味着……不同意义和用法need/want(想要)todosth.need/want(需要)/require(需要)+doing=need/want(需要)/require(需要)+tobedone

(v.-ing主动形式表被动意义)这三个词need,want,require既可跟不定式，又可跟v.-ing形式作宾语，但意义和用法不同。e.g.Theflowerswant/need/requirewateringonceaweek.

Theflowerswant/needtobewateredonceaweek.被only,last,next以及序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式作定语。

e.g.Ritawastheonlypersontocomplain.

HewasthefirstmantoflyacrosstheAtlantic.

Tomisthebestmantodothejob.有些名词后面常接不定式作定语，如ability,chance,desire,decision,effort,intention,need,opportunity,plan,promise,pressure,right,time,way等。e.g.Aftermonthsofunemployment,allheaskedforwasachancetoearnhisbread.不定式作定语不定式作状语不定式作状语，常表示目的、原因、结果等。e.g.Theyweregladtoseetheirsontakengoodcareofinthekindergarten.

Tocatchthebus,Igotupatsixthismorning．Ijumpedwithjoytohearit.不定式作结果状语时，常用于“only+不定式”结构，表示未曾预料到的或令人不快的结果。

e.g.Afriendofminecametosee

metonight.Alanliftedarockonlytodropitonhisownfeet.不定式作补语advise,allow,ask,beg,cause,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,intend,invite,like,love,order,persuade,prefer,remind,require,teach,tell,want,warn,wish,waitfor,callon,dependon跟不定式作补语的动词及动词词组：e.g.Iwasinterestedinastronomyandheaskedmetogiveapresentationtotheclass.

We’retryingto

persuade

manufacturerstosellthemhere.感官动词和使役动词后常接省to的不定式作宾语补足语，但在被动语态中，作主语补足语的不定式to不能省略。

e.g.SomeonesawMaryenter

thebuildingaboutthetimethecrimewascommitted.

Marywasseentoenterthebuildingaboutthetimethecrimewascommitted.Jointhewordstomakesentencesusinginfinitives.Thendecidethefunctionofeachinfinitive.He/encouragedme/participateinthesurfingcompetition2.Thestorm/seems/begettingcloser3.Magellan/wasthefirstperson/sailaroundtheworldHeencouragedmetoparticipateinthesurfingcompetition.(OC)Thestormseemstobegettingcloser.(P)Magellanwasthefirstpersontosailaroundtheworld.(Attr)4.TheUNpeacekeepingforce/aims/maintainpeaceandpreventarmedconflicts5.Thecrowd/stood/applaud/scientists/fortheirimportantoceanresearchworkTheUNpeacekeepingforceaimstomaintainpeaceandpreventarmedconflicts.(O)Thecrowdstoodtoapplaudscientistsfortheirimportantoceanresearchwork.(Ad)v.鼓掌6.Itisagoodidea/tax/plasticbottles/sothatpeopleusethemless7.TheJiaolongmannedsubmersible/issaid/beable/reach7kmunderwater8.Itremains/beseen/whetherornothiscapsule

canworkItisagoodideatotaxplasticbottlessothatpeopleusethemless.(S)TheJiaolongmannedsubmersibleissaidtobeabletoreach7kmunderwater.(O;O)Itremainstobeseenwhetherornothiscapsulecanwork.(O)v.对……征税；使纳税n.胶囊；太空舱ReadthebeginningofTheLittleMermaidandusetheproperformsoftheverbsinbracketstofillintheblanks.Faroutintheocean,wherethew