Unit 1 单词复习以及时态复习学案-高中英语上教版必修第一册

同步单词词组Unit1单词检测（一）1.holdback___________________________2.nasty___________________________3.underpressure___________________________4.adult___________________________5.behaviour___________________________6.alien___________________________7.turnout___________________________8.fiction___________________________9.genuine___________________________10.sheet___________________________11.glance___________________________12.essay___________________________13.teenager___________________________14.blank___________________________15.rather___________________________16.shortage___________________________17.distant___________________________18.beg___________________________19.ignore___________________________20.harsh___________________________21.reflect___________________________22.creative___________________________23.Peabody___________________________24.related___________________________25.assignment___________________________26.limitation___________________________27.(be)relatedto___________________________28.sort___________________________29.pressure___________________________30.handin___________________________31.chapter___________________________32.stare___________________________33.expectation___________________________34.comfort___________________________35.actually___________________________36.forward___________________________37.sciencefiction___________________________38.throughout___________________________39.comment___________________________40.makesure___________________________Unit1单词检测（二）1.phr.妨碍进展___________________________2.phr.提交,上交(尤指书面材料或失物)___________________________3.v.忽视;对……不予理会___________________________4.n.小说___________________________5.皮博迪(人名)___________________________6.adv.相当,在某种程度上;更确切地讲___________________________7.phr.相关的;有联系的___________________________8.prep.自始至终;各处;遍及___________________________9.n.安慰;慰藉.v.安慰;抚慰___________________________10.n.不足;缺少___________________________11.phr.确保;设法保证___________________________12.n.外星人;外星生物___________________________13.adj.成年人的.n.(法律上指能为自己的行为负责的)成年人___________________________14.n.起限制作用的规则(或事实、条件);不足之处___________________________15.v.恳求;哀求___________________________16.n.心理压力;紧张.v.逼迫;使迫不得已___________________________17.adv.事实上,的确___________________________18.n.(分派的)任务___________________________19.adj.遥远的;久远的___________________________20.n.(人生或历史的)时期,篇章___________________________21.v.认真思考;沉思;显示,表明,表达___________________________22.v.盯着看;凝视___________________________23.n.种类;类别___________________________24.adj.不友好的;令人不愉快的___________________________25.phr.结果是;证明是;原来是___________________________26.adj.相关的;有联系的___________________________27.adj.真诚的;真心的;可信赖的___________________________28.adj.空白的___________________________29.n.文章,短文___________________________30.n.(13至19岁之间的)青少年___________________________31.n.匆匆一看;一瞥___________________________32.n.行为;举止___________________________33.adj.残酷的;严厉的___________________________34.n.一张___________________________35.phr.承受着(急于完成某事的)压力___________________________36.adj.创造(性)的;创作的___________________________37.adv.向前___________________________38.n.议论;评论___________________________39.phr.科幻小说(或影片等)___________________________40.n.希望;盼望___________________________时态复习时态主动语态形式被动语态形式一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时过去将来时现在完成进行时【知识梳理2】解题难点点拨在语法填空题中，如果括号里已经给出动词，首先要判断它是做谓语还是非谓语。若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。下面我们来介绍一些做题方法：查找时间标志词若括号中所给的是动词，并且根据其在句中所处的位置和成分判断是谓语动词时，首先寻找时间标志词；如果句中有标志性的时间状语，则往往可以根据时间状语填写相应的时态。【例1】Daniel’sfamily_______(enjoy)theirholidayinHuangshanthistimenextweek.【例2】Thereportswentmissingin2012andnobody_______(see)themsince.动词的时态一般都有其相应的时间状语，请同学们熟记下8种常用时态所对应的时间状语。

(1)一般现在时:____________________________________________________等;

(2)一般过去时:____________________________________________________等;

(3)现在进行时:____________________________________________________等;

(4)过去进行时:____________________________________________________等;

(5)现在完成时:

____________________________________________________(6)过去完成时:____________________________________________________等;

(7)一般将来时:____________________________________________________;

(8)过去将来时:____________________________________________________主从句时态呼应如果所填空格的句子是含有状语从句或宾语从句的主从复合句，可根据主从句时态呼应的原则填上正确的时态。根据主从句时态呼应原则解题时，要把握好以下几点： ①在时间、条件等状语从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用一般过去时表示过去将来时，用现在完成时表示将来完成时。②正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的先后时间，并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。③解答宾语从句与主句时态呼应题时，考生应熟知以下规则：a）主句动词为现在时，则从句动词可根据需要使用任何时态；b)主句动词为过去时，则从句动词须用恰当的过去的某种时态（表示客观真理时使用一般现在时）。【例3】ThemomentIgothome,IfoundI_______(leave)myjacketontheplayground.（3）注意固定搭配英语中有很多固定搭配或特殊句式，使用的动词时态非常固定。如果句子构成某种固定搭配或特殊句式，则根据规则使用相应的时态。【例4】Thisisthefirsttimewe_______(see)afilminthecinematogetherasafamily.【例5】—HowcanIapplyforanonlinecourse?—Justfilloutthisformandwe_______(see)whatwecandoforyou.（4）细心体会语境近年来高考试题对时态语态考查的要求越来越高，设题趋向于不出现时间状语，而向情境化、实际化的方向发展。因此，细心体会所给语境，根据具体语境选择合适的时态是考生需要重点解决的问题。【例6】Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?Theweatherreport_______（broadcast）andIwanttolisten.。（5）被动优先原则当括号中所给动词与其主语是被动意义时，应使用被动语态。【例7】Experimentsofthiskind_______(conduct)inboththeU.S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.【知识梳理3】时态易错点梳理1、过去完成时（had＋p.p.）1.基本用法:既表示在过去某一时间之前已完成的动作,也表示从某一较早的过去动作持续到一个较迟的过去的动作。e.g.①HehadleftwhenIarrived.②Bysixo’clockhehadworkedtwelvehours.2.want/think/hope/plan/mean/expect/intend/suppose等动词的过去完成时＋不定式的一般式（等于这些动词的一般过去式后接不定式的完成式）,表示过去为曾实现的愿望、打算、想法等。e.g.①Ihadmeanttocome,butsomethinghappened.（＝Imeanttohavecome,butsomethinghappened.）②Ihadintendedtospeakatthemeeting,buttimedidn’tpermit.（＝Iintendedtohavespokenatthemeeting,buttimedidn’tpermit.）3.一些特殊句型中的过去完成时:1〕“It/This/Thatwasthefirst（second/third…）time＋that从句”或“It/This/Thatwastheonly…＋that从句”或“It/This/Thatwasthe＋最高级…＋that从句”从句中谓语用过去完成时。2〕by（theendof）＋过去时间,句中谓语用过去完成时。e.g.①Wehadlearnt3,000wordsbytheendoflastterm.②By8:00a.m.yesterday,wehadarrivedthepark.3〕bythetime＋一般过去式,主句中谓语用过去完成时。e.g.Bythetimehecameback,wehadrepairedthemachine.4〕Nosooner＋had＋主语＋p.p.＋than＋一般过去时Hardly＋had＋主语＋p.p.＋when＋一般过去时Scarcely＋had＋主语＋p.p.＋when/before＋一般过去时Barely＋had＋主语＋p.p.＋before＋一般过去时e.g.①Nosoonerhadhegonetothegardenthanhissonwenttoplaywithhisclassmates.②Hardlyhadheheardthenewswhenhecried.Practice1:

1.Bytheendoflastterm,we_____________(learn)12units.2.–ImetJohntheotherday.

–You______________(notsee)eachotherforages.3.They_____________(mean)toseemeoffattheairport,buttheygottherelate. (maintain).2、将来完成时（will/shall＋have＋p.p.）1）基本用法:既表示到将来某一时间为止势必会完成的动作或预计要完成的动作,e.g.Whenwegetthere,she’llhavegonetowork.2）by（theendof）＋将来时间,句中谓语用将来完成时,e.g.①Wewillhavelearnt3,000wordsbytheendofnextterm.②By8:00a.m.tomorrow,wewillhavearrivedthepark.3）bythetime＋一般现在时,主句中谓语用将来完成时,e.g.Bythetimehecomesback,wewillhaverepairedthemachine.4）与用一般现在时态表示将来一样,时间状语从句和条件状语从句须用现在完成时表将来,e.g.I’llgowithyouwhenIhavefinishedmywork.等我完成工作以后我就同你去。Practice2：1.I_____________(finish)theworkbeforehereturns.2.By8o’clocktomorrowevening,I________________(finish)myperformanceand_________________(meet)thereportersatthemeetingroom..3.They A.willfinished B.willhavefinishedC.willbefinishingD.willbefinished3、现在完成进行时（have/hasbeenv--ing）1.一般用法:表示现在以前一段时间里一直在进行的动作,或刚刚过去的动作对现在的影响或继续持续下去这一动作可能仍在进行,也可能已停止,e.g.Ithasbeenrainingsincetwodaysago.2.现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别:1）现在完成时可以表示一个已经完成的动作,而现在完成进行时表示一个正在进行的动作,e.g.①Ihavereadthebook.②Ihavebeenreadingthebook.2）现在完成时只陈述一个事实,但现在完成进行时可表示感情色彩,e.g.①Ihavewaitedthreehours.②Ihavebeenwaitingthreehours.（等得好辛苦）3）现在完成进行时常用来谈论较短暂的动作或情况,而现在完成时谈论延续较长的动作或情况,甚至永久情况,e.g.①HehaslivedinParis.②HehasbeenlivinginParis.Practice3：–Whyareyousohot?

–I________________(play)footballwithmyclassmatesandhowIwanttohaveadrink.4、过去完成进行时（had＋been+doing）表示截止过去某一时间之前一直持续的动作，主要起强调作用,e.g.BytheendoflastDecember,IhadlearntEnglishonlinefor3years.【知识梳理4】语态易错点梳理1.let的用法1）当let后只有一个单音节动词，变被动语态时，可用不带to的不定式。例如：Theyletthestrangego.他们放陌生人走了。--->Thestrangewasletgo.2）当let后宾补较长时，let通常不用被动语态，而用allow或permit代替。例如：Thenurseletmegotoseemyclassmateinthehospital.那护士让我去探望住院的同学。---->Iwasallowed/permittedtoseemyclassmateinthehospital.2.短语动词的被动语态短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。例如：Suchathinghasneverbeenheardofbefore.这样的事闻所未闻。例：Mysister_____________byGrandmaifmyparentsareoutforwork.willbetakencareB.willbetakencareofC.willtakecareD.willtakecareof3.表示"据说"或"相信"的词组，基本上由believe,consider,declare,expect,feel,report,say,see,suppose,think,understand等组成。例如：Itissaidthat…据说Itisreportedthat…据报道Itisbelievedthat…大家相信Itishopedthat…大家希望Itiswellknownthat…众所周知Itisthoughtthat…大家认为Itissuggestedthat…据建议Itistakengrantedthat…被视为当然Ithasbeendecidedthat…大家决定Itmustberememberthat…务必记住的是例：It________thatthesuperstarhasleftfortheUSAforfurtherstudy.reportB.reportsC.isreportingD.isreported4.不用被动语态的情况1）不及物动词或不及物动词短语，如appear,diedisappear,end（vi.结束）,fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand,breakout,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart,takeplace等没有无被动语态。例如：Afterthefire,verylittleremainedofmyhouse.大火过后，我家烧得所剩无几。比较：rise,fall,happen是不及物动词；raise,seat是及物动词。例：Thewaterintheriver___________threefeetlastnightbecauseofthesuddenflood.raisedB.roseC.israisedDisrisen2）不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语，如fit,have,hold,marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watchagreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin,sufferfrom,happento,takepartin,walkinto,belongto等。例如：Thiskeyjustfitsthelock.这把钥匙只配这把锁。Yourstoryagreeswithwhathadalreadybeenheard.你说的与我们听说的一致。3）系动词无被动语态，如appear,bebecome,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn等。例如：。例：Youridea_________good.soundB.soundsC.issoundedD.issounding4）带同源宾语的及物动词如die/death,dream/dream，live/life等，以及反身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态。例如：Shedreamedabaddreamlastnight.她昨晚做了个恶梦。5.主动形式表示被动意义1）wash,clean,cook,iron,look,cut,sell,read,wear,feel,draw,write,sell等。例如Thebooksellswell.这本书销路Thisknifecutseasily.这刀子很好用例：Thiskindofcloth__________well.(耐洗)A.washesB.washC.iswashingD.iswashed2）blame,let（出租）,remain,keep,rent,build等。例如：如：Iwastoblamefortheaccident.事故发生了，我该受指责。3）在need,require,want,worth（形容词）,deserve后的动名词必须用主动形式。例如：Thedoorneedsrepairing.=Thedoorneedstoberepaired.门该修了。Thisbookisworthreading.这本书值得一读。例：________. C.toclean 4）特殊结构：makesb.heard/understood（使别人能听见/理解自己）等。例：Explainitclearlyandmakeyourself___________.5）介词in,on,under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之义，其意义相当于该名词相应的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。常见的有：undercontrol(受控制)，undertreatment(在治疗中)，underrepair(在修理中)，underdiscussion(在讨论中)，underconstruction(在施工中)，beyondbelief(令人难以置信)，beyondone’sreach(鞭长莫及)，beyondone’scontrol(无法控制)，beyondourhope(我们始料不及)，forsale(出售)，forrent(出租)，inprint(在印刷中)，insight(在视野范围内)，onsale(出售)，onshow(展出)，ontrial(受审)，outofcontrol(控制不了)，outofsight(超出视线之外)，outofone’sreach(够不着)，outoffashion(不流行)。6.被动形式表示主动意义，如bedetermined,bepleased,begraduated（from）,beprepared（for）,beoccupied（in）,getmarried等。例如：Heisgraduatedfromafamousuniversity.他毕业于一所有名的大学。注意：表示同某人结婚，用marrysb.或getmarriedtosb.均可。例如：Hemarriedarichgirl.他与一个富妞结婚了。Hegotmarriedtoarichgirl.例：Ifhe___________todosomething,nobodycanstophimfromdoingso.determinesB.willdetermineC.isdeterminedD.willbedetermined（A）1.Ifwecanshowthesechildrenthatthereareotheroptions,wehopethey________(notpersuade)tojointhegangs.2.IntheUK,technologieslikethis________(help)achievea31%dropinvehicle-relatedcrimesince1997.3.Bythenanurse________(arrive),andwasattendingtothewoman.4.Aftermanyhoursofwaitingpatientlyinthehallofthenursinghome,she________(smile)sweetlywhentoldherroomwasready.5.China'sagriculture________(develop)steadily,thusprovidinglightindustrywithamplerawmaterials.6.Theprobe(探索)hasmadescientiststhinkthatunderitssurfaceisarockycore(地核)which________(give)offvolcanicheat.7.MuslimsbelievethattheKoran________(consist)ofrevelationsfromGodtoMuhammadduringtheyears610to632whenMuhammaddied.8.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoteasytaskbecausetechnology________(change)sorapidly.9.Thehumanbrain________(weigh)about1.4kilograms,butitcan,holdmuchmoreinformationthanmostcomputers.10.Afterthebigfire,theoldtemplewasalmostinruins,inotherwordsnothing________(remain)onit.同步练习I.选词填空A.distance B.concentrated C.concerning D.commentator E.assigned1.Thegeneralmanager__________adifferenttasktoeachofthedivisionsoastoseewhichteamwouldperformbetter.2.WhilemanymediaoutletsarecallingSuning’swinasurprise,buta__________surnamedZhangtoldtheGlobalTimesthattheresultisnotsurprising.3.Today’sinstantelectronicmemos—suchastextingandFacebookandTwittermessages—aremoredirect,more___________,moreefficient.4.Such

misunderstandingsreflectthepolarizeddebate__________thenatureofautomationandthefutureofjobs.A.facilitate B.ignorance C.pressed D.expected E.glance1.Anylaw-breakershouldbeseverelypunishedas__________ofthelawwasnoexcuse.2.Mynext-doorlittleneighbor,whousedtobetimidandwould__________atmequicklywhenIpassedby,hasgrownintoahandsomeboy.3.Restaurantsareopeningwhich__________theultimatesolodiningexperience:passingbowlsofnoodlesthroughblackcurtainsintoindividualbooths.4.Theeconomicconsequencesofthecoronavirusdiseaseare_______