致用英语-Unit-2-War-and-peace市公开课一等奖百校联赛优质课金奖名师赛课获奖课件

Unit2WarandpeacetopicListenReading:③GrammarandVocabularyBuilding:②Vocabulary:

①Writingandculturetips:④Exercises:⑤1/681)Yourideas:A:a.NapoleonBonaparte;b.YueFei;c.WinstonChurchill;d.AbrahamLincolnB:2)Vocabularyonpage18a.helmet;b.trench;c.drawbridge;d.gasmask;e.moat;f.sandbag;g.bullet-proofvest;h.fortressAroundthetopic2/68Inthefirstdecadeofthe19thcentury,heturnedtheFrencharmiesagainsteverymajorEuropeanpoweranddominatedcontinentalEuropethroughaseriesofmilitaryvictories.HisarmywasbadlydamagedintheFrenchinvasionofRussiain1812andattheBattleofWaterlooinJune1815.3/68ThefamousChinesepatriotandmilitarygeneralfoughtfortheSouthernSongDynastyagainsttheJurchen(女真)armiesofJinDynasty.WinstonChurchillledBritaintofightagainsttheAxis(轴心国)duringWWII.4/68

AbrahamLincoln,the16thPresidentoftheUnitedStates,successfullyledthecountrythroughitsgreatinternalcrisis,theAmericanCivilWar,preservingtheUnionandendingslavery.5/68WarsinhistoryTimeCountriesinvolvedCauseB1840-1842BritainandChinaTheBritishsmugglingofopiumintoChinawasprohibitedin1839.asaresult,BritainsentwarshipstoChinain1840TheOpiumWar6/68WarsinhistoryTimeCountriesinvolvedCauseTheAmericanCivilWar1861-1865AcivilwarinAmerica:theFederalgovernmentintheNorthvs.theConfederatestatesofAmericaintheSouthTheFederalgovernmentcampaignedagainsttheexpansionofslaveryintheSouthernstates.7/68WarsinhistoryTimeCountriesinvolvedCauseTheWorldWarII1939-1945Amajorityoftheworld’snationsintotwoopposingmilitaryalliances:theAlliesandtheAxis.Itwascausedbythelong-termtensionsandresentmentsamongmanyEuropeancountries,andthemilitaryaggressionsmadebytherulingNaziinGermanyandtheleadershipinJapan.8/68WarsinhistoryTimeCountriesinvolvedCauseTheAnti-JapaneseWar1937-1945ChinaandJapanTheinvasionofJapanesearmyintoChinaledtothefull-scalewarin19379/68WarsinhistoryTimeCountriesinvolvedCauseTheGulfWarAug.1990-Feb.1991Iraqvs.America,Britain,Canada,etc.IraqitroopsinvadedKuwaitand,therefore,threatenedavitalinterestofAmericaandmanyotherWesterncountriesfortheyweregreatlydependentontheoilsuppliesinthisarea.10/68amaze[ə‘meiz]]vt.使惊异，惊奇atomic[ə‘tɔmik]adj.原子能burndown焚毁，烧毁carve[kɑ:v]v.刻，雕刻crane[krein]n.鹤Vocabulary11/68amazevt.使惊异，惊奇

(tosurprisesomeoneverymuch)

e.g.

(1)Yourknowledgeamazesme.你丰富知识令我吃惊。(2)Itamazedustohearthatyouwereleaving.听到你要走,我们都很吃惊。

→amazingadj.令人大为惊奇；（尤指）令人惊喜（或惊羡、惊叹）

e.g.

Youareamazing.

你太了不起了.12/68carvevt./vi.刻，雕刻(tocutapatternorletteronthesurfaceofsth)e.g.Thestatuewascarvedoutofstone.这尊像是石头雕成。→切,切碎e.g.Atthedinnertable,father'sjobistocarvethemeat.吃饭时,父亲工作是切肉。→☆carveout用辛勤劳动创造出…e.g.

Hecarvedoutanameforhimselfintheengineeringbusiness.在土木工程业方面,他孜孜以求为自己赢得了声誉。13/68dizzy[‘dizi]]adj.眩晕explode[iks‘pləud]v.爆炸explosion[iks‘pləuʒən]]n.爆炸fold[fəuld]v.折叠Hiroshima[,hirə‘ʃi:mə]]

日本广岛市14/68dizzyadj.眩晕

(feelingunabletostandsteadily)e.g.(1)Ifyoufeeldizzyorshortofbreath,stopexercisingimmediately.(2)Iwasdizzyfromlackoffood.因为没吃东西我感到头晕目眩15/68explodev.爆炸→

explosionn.

(toburst,ortomakesthburst,intosmallpieces)e.g.Whentheboilerexploded,manypeoplewerehurt.

→爆[突]发,发怒vi.e.g.Atlasthislaughterexploded.他最终哄然大笑起来。→激增,快速扩大e.g.Thepopulationwasstillexploding.人口仍在迅猛增加。16/68foldv.折叠;对折交叠；包围，笼罩

(tobendapieceofpaper,clothetc.bylayingorpressingonepartoveranother)→折叠;对折交叠(vt./vi.)e.g.(1)

Ifoldedtheletterandthenputitintotheenvelope.(2)Afanfolds.→包围，笼罩

Vt.e.g.Darkcloudsfoldedthehills.乌云笼罩着群山。我把信折好后放进信封里。扇子能够折叠起来。17/68leukaemia[lju:’ki:miə]n.白血病monument[‘mɔnjumənt]n.纪念碑，纪念像sacred[‘seikrid]]adj.神圣scared[skeəd]adj.害怕；惊慌smash[smæʃ]

v.摧毁；n.猛击，撞击

18/68monument

n.纪念碑，纪念像

(abuilding,statue,orotherlargestructurethatisbuilttoremindpeopleofanimportanteventorafamousperson.)

e.g.树立了一块纪念碑纪念那位伟大科学家。

Amonumentwaserectedtothememoryofthatgreatscientist.→monumentaladj.主要;意义深远;不朽(通惯用于名词前)

e.g.amonumentalachievement主要成就19/68sacred

adj.神圣(relatingtogodorreligion)e.g.教堂是神圣建筑物。

Achurchisasacredbuilding.

→adj.受尊重；受崇敬；不可冒犯

e.g.InAfricathesnakeisstillsacredwithmanytribes.非洲许多部落仍认为蛇是不可冒犯。→同义词divine[di’vain];holy;heavenly20/68scared

adj.害怕；惊慌

(frightenedofsomething,ornervousaboutsth.)e.g.(1)Iamscaredtoflyinaplane.我怕坐飞机。(2)Iamscaredthattheplanemightcrash.我怕飞机会失事。→同义词frightened21/68smash

v.摧毁;n.猛击，撞击

(tobreakintopiecesviolentlyornoisily)e.g.(1)Thefiremenhadtosmashthelocktogetin.(2)Severalcupsfelltothefloorandsmashedtopieces.→☆smashsth.down撞倒，捣毁

e.g.

Thefiremensmashedthedoordowntoreachthechildren.→☆smashsth.in被撞瘪/凹…e.g.Thedoorhadbeensmashedin.22/68spread[spred]v.流传surround[sə‘raund]]v.围住，围绕Tokyo[’tɔ:kjɔ:]n.日本东京23/68spread

v.流传

(tobecomeknownbymoreandmorepeople)e.g.

(1)那场爆炸新闻快速传开了。Newsoftheexplosionspreadswiftly.(2)Hespreadthenewsaroundthetown.→☆spreadout伸展;延长

e.g.

Thewoodspreadoutinalldirections.树木向四面八方延伸。→☆spreadover分散;传开;传遍e.g.

瘟疫在好几个州传开了。

Theplaguehasspreadovermanystates.24/68surround

v.围住，围绕

(toallaroundsomeoneorsth.oneveryside)e.g.

军队包围了那个城镇。Troopshavesurroundedthetown.→surroundingn.(pl.)环境;adj.周围;附近

e.g.

(1)他没有多注意他周围环境。Hedidn’tpaymuchattentiontohissurroundings.(2)

Foxesstartedcominginfromthesurroundingcountryside.狐狸开始从附近乡下跑进来。25/68★instantaneous

verbs(瞬时动词)InEnglish,verbssuchasdie,stop,leave,come,buyareoftenusedtodescribeanactionthattakesplaceinaninstanceoftime.Theseverbscannotbeusedtogetherwithtimeexpressionssuchasforthreeyearsorsince.Forexample,youcan’tsayHediedforthreeyears.Insomecases,theseverbscanbereplacedbyotherphrasestoexpressthedurablestateofanaction,e.g.

die→bedead,leave→beaway,have→buy.Grammar-instantaneousverbs26/68★instantaneous

verbs(瞬时动词)瞬时性动词用于完成时态时，其后不能跟表示一段时间时间状语；假如必须跟时间状语，能够采取以下方法：▲用be+adj.代替瞬时性动词,e.g.：bedead→die：Hisfatherhasbeendeadforyears.bemarried→marry:Ihavebeenmarriedforyears.beasleep→sleep:HowlonghaveIbeenasleep?▲用be+adv.代替瞬时性动词,e.g.：

behere/there→come,arrive,reach,getthere/here:e.g.Thetrainhasbeenherefortenminutes.bebackto→returnto/gobackto:e.g.Haveyoubeenbacktoyourhometown?27/68Languageinuse1.Thecorrectsentencesare:→ThelibrariansaysIhavekeptthisbookforamonth.It’stimetoreturnit.→Hehasbeenawayfromhishometownforthreeyears.→IhavebeeninChinaforthreeyears.2.A:1)A.falls/fallasleepB.hasbeenasleep2)A.openedB.hasbeenopened3)A.havebeenB.make4)A.leftB.hasbeenaway28/685)A.joinedB.hasbeenin6)A.getsupB.hasbeenup7)A.haveacoldB.catchacold8)A.borrowedB.haskept.B:2.Mr.Smithhasbeendeadforthreeyears.

3.MybrotherhasbeenintheYouthLeaguefortwoyears.

4.Jackhasworkedasapostmanforsixyears.

5.IhavelivedinXi’anfortenyears.

6.OurteacherhasbeenawaytoAustraliafortwomonths.29/68★Vocabularybuilding–Homographs

Ahomographisawordthathasthesamespellingasanotherword,buthasadifferentmeaning.Usually,homographsalsodifferfromeachotherinpronunciation.30/682.bow[bəu]n.bendingoftheheadorbodyn.Aninstrumentusedasaweapontoshootarrows3.minute[‘minit][mai’nju:t]n.Aunittomeasuretimewhichequalsto60secondsadj.extremelysmall4.tear[tɛə]

[tiə]

v.topullforcefullyapartn.adropofsaltywaterfromtheeye5.wind[waind]

[wind]v.(+up)tofinishn.movingair,especiallywhenitmovesstronglyorquickly31/686.record[ri’kɔ:d]

[‘rekɔ:d]

v.topreserveonadiscormagnetictapeforlaterreproductionn.thehighestorlowestleveleverreached7.content

[kən’tent]

[‘kɔntent]

adj.happyandsatisfiedn.Thingsthatareincludedinabook,anarticle,aspeech,etc.8.close[kləuz]

[kləus]

v.tocausesth.tomovesoastocovertheopeningadj.seemingverylikelytohappenorverylikelytodosth.soon32/689.used[ju:st]

[ju:zd]adj.(+tosth./doingsth.)havinglearnedtoacceptsth.adj.secondhand10.object

[‘ɔbdʒikt]

[əb’dʒekt]n.Solidthingthatcanbeseenortouchedv.tooppose33/68Reading34/68Briefreviewofwords神圣白血病鹤原子能围住，围绕纪念碑，纪念像眩晕amazescaredsmashspreadcarveburndownsacredleukaemiacraneatomicsurroundmonumentdizzy使惊异，惊奇害怕摧毁流传刻，雕刻焚毁，烧毁35/681.Doyouknowwhenandwheretheatomicbombswerefirstused?2.WhatweretheconsequencesoftheUSdroppingatomicbombsintheSecondWorldWar?Pre-readingtasks:36/681.Hiroshima（广岛）and

Nagasaki（长崎）2.DuringthefinalstagesofWorldWarIIin1945,theUnitedStatesconductedtwoatomicbombingsagainstthecitiesofHiroshimaandNagasakiinJapan.

Withinthefirsttwotofourmonthsofthebombings,theacuteeffectskilled90,000–166,000peopleinHiroshimaand60,000–80,000inNagasaki,withroughlyhalfofthedeathsineachcityoccurringonthefirstday.37/68TheHiroshimaprefectural（地方）healthdepartmentestimatesthat,ofthepeoplewhodiedonthedayoftheexplosion,60%diedfromflashorflameburns,30%fromfallingdebrisand10%fromothercauses.Duringthefollowingmonths,largenumbersdiedfromtheeffectofburns,radiationsickness,andotherinjuries,compoundedbyillness.InaUSestimateofthetotalimmediateandshorttermcauseofdeath,15–20%diedfromradiationsickness,20–30%fromflashburns,and50–60%fromotherinjuries,compoundedbyillness.Inbothcities,mostofthedeadwerecivilians.38/68ReadingComprehensionAthousandpapercranes39/681.AgirlnamedSadakoSasakiwaslivinginaJapanesecitycalledHiroshimaalongwithabouthalfamillionotherpeople.(Para.1)

→alongwith

(1)和...一起[一道],伴随

e.g.

Comealongwithus.

跟我们一道去吧。(2)除...以外(还)

e.g.Tobaccoistaxedinmostcountries,alongwithalcohol.除酒以外,烟草在多数国家都要征税。____________________________________________________________40/682.Whenshewastwoyearsold,thefirstatomicbombevertobeusedagainst

humanbeingswasdroppedonHiroshima.(Para.1)→tobeused将被用于…→against

prep.(表示态度)反对,反抗adj.(对办法、提议等)反正确；对立；反抗e.g.

(1)

InWorldWarTwo,theAmericansfoughtwiththeBritainandFrenchagainsttheGermans.

第二战中美国联合英、法两国对德作战。

(2)Iamfor/againstyouridea.我支持/反对你观点。41/683.Afewweeksafterthebombexplosion,peopleinHiroshimabegandyingfromasicknesseventhedoctorscouldn’tunderstand.(Para.2)→diefrom死于(某种原因,不包含疾病、过分悲伤等)

dieof

死于(疾病、过分悲伤等)

但多数情况下，二者没有显著区分。e.g.dieof/fromhunger42/684.Itwassostrangethatnooneknewwhattodo.(Para.2)so+adj.+that…

such+n.+that…

→sothat方便…；结果，以致(引导目标/结果状语从句)e.g.(1)他跑得很快方便抓到那个小偷。Heranfastsothathecouldcatchthethief.(2)Everyonelentahand,sothattheworkwasfinishedaheadofschedule.每个人都帮了忙,所以工作提前完成了。→e.g.Heissoclever(aboy)

thatwealllikehim.e.g.Heissuchacleverboy

thatwealllikehim.43/685.Afterawhile,shefeltbetter,so…

(Para.4)→while→☆forawhile暂时，一时afterawhile很快,过一会儿inawhile过一会,过很快→而，然而

e.g.

IlikeEnglishwhileLucylikesmath.

44/686.Shestartedonhersecondthousand.(Para.6)→starton开始…/着手…e.g.startonsth.开始做某事；从做某事开始startonajourney起程旅行

45/687.LotsofotherchildreninHiroshimahaddiedorweredyingoftheA-bombdisease.(Para.7)在广岛，还有很多儿童因原子弹爆炸所引发疾病而死亡，或是正面临着死亡。

→bedying垂死dyingadj.快要死，垂死渴望；极想e.g.

(1)Amanshouldstudytillhisdyingday.活到老,学到老。(2)I’mdyingforadrink.我很想喝一杯。46/688.

Thewordspreadquickly.(Para.7)→word(1)(说)话,话语,言语Hedidn'tsayawordaboutit.

他对这件事一句话都没说。(2)消息;谣言Wordgotroundthathehadresigned.(3)诺言,确保

IgiveyoumywordI'llgo.→☆eatone’swords自食其言;认可错误

He'lleathiswordswhenheseesthis.我向你确保,我会去。

谣传他已辞职。47/68Exercises(Page22)A:1.2yearsold;2.leukaemia;3.dizziness;4.torecover;5.inthePeaceParkofHiroshima6.Athousandpapercranes;7.togetridofatomicbombsB:5-3-1-9-2-8-6-7-448/68Vocabularyandstructure(23)A:1.smash;2.explode;3.dizzy;4.scared;5.surround;6.carve;7.remind;8.monument;9.donation;10.spreadB:1.hasbeendead;2.wasdead/haddied;3.aredying;4.dying;5.diedC:1.reminded/reminds;of3.werefondof5.endwith7.getridof2.foundout6.sumup8.give/gaveup4.(was)burneddown49/68Writing-rewritethestoryRewritethestoryaboutSadakofromtheviewpointofherbestfriend,Chizuko.Thebeginningofthestoryhasbeenwrittenforyou.50/68MynameisChizuko,andIhaveabelovedfriendnamedSadako.WebothliveinHiroshima,aplacewheretheUSdroppedanatomicbombin1945.Alotofpeoplediedfromthatexplosion,butluckilySadakowasnothurtatall,atleastnotinthewaywecansee…

51/68CultureTips

Catch-2252/68AttheheartofCatch-22residestheincomparablemalingeringbombardier,Yossarianaheroendlesslyinventiveinhisschemestosavehisskinfromthehorriblechancesofwar.Hiseffortsareperfectlyunderstandablebecauseashefuriouslyscramblesthousandsofpeoplehehasn'tevenmetaretryingtokillhim.HisproblemisColonelCathcart,whokeepsraisingthenumberofmissionsthemenmustflytocompletetheirservice.

53/68YetifYossarianmakesanyattemptstoexcusehimselfformtheperilousmissionsthatheiscommittedtoflying,heistrappedbytheGreatLoyaltyOathCrusade,thehilariouslysinisterbureaucraticrulefromwhichthebooktakesitstitle:amanisconsideredinsaneifhewillinglycontinuestoflydangerouscombatmissions,butifhemakesthenecessaryformalrequesttoberelievedofsuchmissionstheveryactofmakingtherequestprovesthatheissaneandthereforeineligibletoberelieved.54/68Extension(Page30)1.Comprehension1.A2.B3.C4.C5.A2.Discussion(1)AnneFrank’s(1929-1945)famousdiaryrecordstwoyearsofherlifefrom1942to1944,whenherfamilywerehidinginAmsterdamfromGermanNazis.Thediarybeginsjustbeforethefamilyretreatedintotheir“secretannexe[‘æneks]”.

55/68AnneFrankrecordedmostlyherhopes,frustrations,clasheswithherparents,andobservationofhercompanionsinthediary.It’sfirstversion,whichappearedin1947,waseditedbyAnne’sfather.Thediaryhasbeentranslatedintosome60languagessinceitspublication.56/68ListeningandSpeaking57/68A(P19):1.Christmaslights2.responded3.waswalkingoutinto4.cigars;ourfamilyphotos5.sixweeks;acoupleofdays

58/681.…,anunofficialtrucetookplaceinseveralplacesontheWesternFront.非正式休战2.Astheysang,werespondedwiththeEnglishcarol.颂歌3.…,Ifoundeveryonewaswalkingoutintono-man’sland,meetingtheGermans,talkingtothem.无人地带4.Therewasnofear,nohatred.

憎恨Difficultpointsinlistening59/685.Theyhelpedusburyourdead,andweburiedourdeadwiththeirs.6.IsawmanyacrosswithGermannamesandBritishnameson.许多十字架Difficultpointsinlistening60/68(I:interviewer;GW:GrahamWilliams)I:OnChristmasEveof1914,thefirstyearofWWI,anunofficialtrucetookplaceinseveralplacesontheWesternFront.GrahamWilliams,whowasonsentrydutythatnight,wasrightthere.So,Mr.Williams,couldyoutellmeexactlywhathappened?GW:OK.Atfirst,ChristmaslightsappearedalongtheGermantrenchesaround11o’clock,andIheardtheGermanarmysingingSilentNight.SoIthought,“Well,thisScripts61/68extraodinary!”andIwokeupalltheothersoldierstoseewhatwasgoingon.Astheysang,werespondedwiththeEnglishcarol.I:So,bothsidesweresingingthesamecaroltogether?GW:Yes,bothsingingthesamecarol.Afterawhile,allthelightsburnedoutandwewentonwiththedailyroutineforthenight.ButwhenIwokeupthenextmorning,Ifoundeveryonewaswalkingout