2020-2021学年北京昌平区初三第一学期英语期末试卷及答案

2020-2021学年北京昌平区初三第一学期英语期末试卷及答案一、单项填空1.Mr.Wanginafriendlyteacher,wealllike________verymuch.A.her B.him C.them D.us【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：王先生在一个友好的老师。我们都很喜欢他。考查代词辨析。her她，宾格或她的，形容词性物主代词；him他，宾格；them他们，宾格；us我们，宾格。根据“Mr.Wang”可知王先生是一位男老师，所以用人称代词单数形式him，作动词like的宾语，故选B。2.Thefamousbasketballplayer,YaoMing,joinedthebeNBA________2002.A.at B.in C.to D.from【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：著名篮球运动员姚明于2002年加入NBA。考查介词辨析。at用于时间的某一点或某个时刻；in用于较长的的时间，如年、月、季节等；to朝，向；from来自，从。根据“2020”可知“在2020年”，所以用介词in，故选B。3.JK.Rowlinglivedahardlife________shedidn’tgiveupwriting.A.and B.so C.but D.because【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：J.K.罗琳过着艰苦的生活，但她没有放弃写作。考查并列连词辨析。and和，表示顺承的并列连词；so因此，表示因果关系的并列连词；but但是，表示转折关系的并列连词；because因为，从属连词，引导原因状语从句。根据“livedahardlife”和“didn’tgiveupwriting”，可知上下句属于转折关系，所以用but，故选C。4.—Mum,canIplaywithmydogforawhile?—Sorry,you________.Youshouldfinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.wouldn't【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以和我的狗玩一会儿吗？——对不起，你不可以。你必须先完成作业。考查情态动词。can’t不能，不可以；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止，表示警告或禁止；wouldn't将不会，不愿意，表示意愿。根据问句中“can”，结合语境，可知此处表示请求许可，根据“Sorry”，可知没有得到妈妈的许可，can’t表示“不可以”。故选A。5.ThetimewhenIlivedinthecountywasoneof________periodsinmylife.A.happy B.happier C.thehappiest D.happily【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：我住在县里的时候是我一生中最快乐的时期之一。考查形容词的最高级。happy幸福，快乐的，形容词原级；happier形容词比较级；thehappiest形容词最高级；happily快乐地，副词。根据空后的名词periods“时期”，可知空处需用形容词，故排除D；“oneof+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”是英语中最高级的固定搭配。表示“……是……中最……之一”，所以空处应用形容词的最高级，故选C。6.—________doyouhelpintheChildren’sHouse,Betty?—Twiceamonth.A.Howsoon B.Howlong C.Howfar D.Howoften【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——你多久在儿童之家帮忙一次。贝蒂？——一个月两次。考查特殊疑问句。Howsoon多久以后，常用于将来时；Howlong多长时间，用于时间段；Howfar多远，询问距离；Howoften多久一次，询问频率。根据答语“Twiceamonth.”可知“一个月两次”属于频率，故选D。7.Listen!Jack________beautifullyinthemusicclassroom.A.issinging B.aresinging C.wassinging D.willbesinging【答案】A【解析】分析】【详解】句意：听！杰克在音乐教室里唱得很美。考查时态和主谓一致。issinging现在进行时；aresinging现在进行时；wassinging过去进行时；willbesinging一般将来进行时。根据“Listen!”可知句子用现在进行时，其结构为“am/is/are+doing”，主语“Jack”是第三人称单数，所以用助动词is，故选A。8.Ourfamilywillgohikingifit________tomorrow.A.doesn’train B.didn’train C.won’train D.isn’training【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：如果明天不下雨，我们一家就去远足。考查时态。doesn’train一般现在时；didn’train一般过去时；won'train一般将来时；isn'training现在进行时。本句中if意为“如果”，在if引导的条件状语从句，需满足“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时；这里rain“下雨”是一个实义动词，否定形式需要加助动词，主语it是第三人称单数，故加doesn't。故选A。9.Emily________tolearnEnglishwhenshewas8yearsold.A.hasbegun B.began C.begins D.begin【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：艾米丽8岁时开始学英语。考查时态辨析。根据“whenshewas8yearsold”可知，本句时态是一般过去时，所以使用过去式，故选B。10.I________tenEnglishnovelssinceIjoinedtheEnglishreadingclub.A.reads B.read C.haveread D.willread【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：自从我加入英语读书俱乐部以来，我已经读了十本英语小说。考查时态。reads读，动词三单形式,一般现在时；read一般现在时，动词原形；haveread现在完成时；willread一般将来时。根据“sinceIjoinedtheEnglishreadingclub”可知时态用现在完成时，其结构为have/has+过去分词，主语I为第一人称，所以用助动词have，故选C。11.Thefirstmobilephone________inApril,1973byMartinLawrenceCooper.A.invent B.invented C.isinvented D.wasinvented【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：第一部手机是马丁·劳伦斯·库珀于1973年4月发明的。考查一般过去时的被动语态。invent发明，动词原形；invented发明，过去式；isinvented被发明，一般现在时的被动语态；wasinvented被发明，一般过去时的被动语态。根据“inApril,1973”，可知本句用一般过去时；根据主语“Thefirstmobilephone”与动词“invent”的关系，可知用被动关系，所以一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。12.Doyouknow________fiveyearsago?—Yes.HelivedinShanghai.A.wheredoeshelive B.wherehelive C.wheredidhelive D.wherehelived【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——你知道他五年前住在哪里吗？——是的。他住在上海。考查宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句通常用陈述句句式，选项A、C为疑问句句式，所以排除A、C。根据“fiveyearsago”，可知宾语从句时态为一般过去时，故选D。二、完形填空HowschoolplaysmakeadifferenceEveryonerememberstheirfirsttimeonstage.Theschoolplayisthefirsttimemostofusexperiencedoingdrama.It'sthefirstchancetobothtestyouractingskillsandbuildupyourself-confidence.AlthoughIhavebeendeeplyinterestedinactingfromaveryyoungage,Ihaven'tgota___13___toactuallyactonstage.That'swhyIwassonervousfortheplayCharlieandtheChocolateFactoryinmyfirstyearofschool.Afterstudyingallthecharactersintheplay,IchoseVerucaSalt.Disappointingly,Ionlygota___14___withnolines.Ididn'tsayawordatall.However,thiswasmyfirstperformanceonstage,IstillrememberthefeelingsIhadwhenthelightswentdownandInoticedthatmanypeopleweretheretowatch.Afterthat,Idecidedto___15___anydifficultynexttime.IdidwellinreadingaloudinclassandIknewIhadtotakegoodadvantageofthat.SowhenthechanceoftheplayPinnochiocame,Imadeupmymindtobethenarrator(旁白).AsIstoodinfrontoftheteachers,Iwasso___16___againwhenIrealizedIwastheonlygirlgoingforthepart.Butaftertheboysbeforemecouldn'tfinishtheirlines,itwasmytimetogetright.Isteppedforward,tookadeepbreathandwentforit.Ididit!Iwillnever___17___themomentIstoodinthebrightlightwitheveryone'sattention.Ievenrememberthebeautifuldressmymommademeto___18___whilenarrating.Blackwithheavygoldthread(线)runningthroughit,itmademelooksuperandsmart.Recently,IwatchedtheplayTheSnowWhiteattheNationalTheatre.Thejoyonthefacesofthelittleactorsandactresseswas___19___.Forthoseyoungstudentswhoactinschoolplays,theybuildupstrongconfidence,agreatpoweroflearningandevenabeautifuldreamtobearealactororactressinthefuture.That'swhytheblackandgold___20___stillhangsinmyoldbedroom.AndIhavetobehonest—itdidlookgreatinthelight.13.A.chance B.time C.moment D.period14.A.page B.role C.voice D.word15.A.experience B.imagine C.overcome D.remember16.A.pleased B.nervous C.lucky D.angry17.A.count B.repeat C.forget D.catch18.A.wear B.show C.see D.think19.A.public B.serious C.right D.clear20.A.light B.face C.thread D.dress【答案】13.A14.B15.C16.B17.C18.A19.D20.D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在学校舞台上表演的两次经历。作者认为在舞台上表演戏剧可以考验演技并建立自信。【13题详解】句意：虽然我从很小的时候就对表演非常感兴趣，但我还没有机会真正在舞台上表演。chance机会；time时间；moment时刻；period时期。由“AlthoughIhavebeendeeplyinterestedin…”可知，although表让步；即虽然我对表演感兴趣，但没有机会上台表演；getachancetodosth.“得到做某事的机会”。故选A。【14题详解】句意：令人失望的是，我只得到了一个没有台词的角色。page页；role角色；voice声音；word单词。由“IchoseVerucaSalt.Disappointingly,Ionlygota…withnolines”可知，VerucaSalt是一个没有台词的角色。故选B。【15题详解】句意：从那以后，我决定下次克服任何困难。experience经历；imagine想象；overcome克服；remember记得由“…anydifficulty”可知，此处指克服困难。故选C。【16题详解】句意：当我站在老师们面前，当我意识到我是唯一一个争取这个角色的女孩时，我又紧张起来。pleased高兴的；nervous紧张的；lucky幸运的；angry生气的。由“Iwassonervous”及“again”可知，此处指作者又像第一次在舞台上表演时紧张起来。故选B。【17题详解】句意：我永远不会忘记我站在明亮的灯光下引起每个人的注意力的那一刻。count数；repeat重复；forget忘记；catch抓住。由“Istoodinthebrightlightwitheveryone'sattention…Ievenremember…”可知，作者站在舞台上吸引众多人注意力的那一刻是难以忘记的。故选C。【18题详解】句意：我甚至还记得我妈妈让我在旁白时穿的漂亮裙子。wear穿；show展示；see看见；think思考。由“thebeautifuldressmymommademeto…”可知，此处指妈妈让作者穿漂亮裙子。故选A。【19题详解】句意：小演员们脸上的喜悦是显而易见的。public公众的；serious严肃的；right正确的；clear清晰的。由“Thejoyonthefacesofthelittleactorsandactresses…”可知，喜悦的表情在小演员的脸上是清晰的，显而易见的。故选D。【20题详解】句意：这就是为什么那件黑金相间的连衣裙还挂在我的旧卧室里。light灯；face脸；thread线；dress连衣裙。由“thebeautifuldress…Blackwithheavygoldthread”可知，此处指上文中提到的黑金色的连衣裙。故选D。阅读理解三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所绘的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳选项ABodylanguageisanimportantsocialskilltoshowwhatwewanttoshare.Itcanmakeyourwordsclearerandhelpgetbetterresults.Therearemanykindsofbodylanguage.Theymeandifferentthings.FacialexpressionsWecanshowalotoffeelingswithourfaces,likehappiness,sadness,surprise,excitement,fearandsoon.Theyarealmostthesameindifferentcultures.Theycanhelpusdecideifwecantrustaperson,ormakethemtrustus.GesturesGesturesarethesignswemakewithourhandswhiletalking,Peopleusethemmostlywhentryingtomakeapointorarguewithothers.However,somegesturescanmeandifferentthingsindifferentcultures.Soyoushouldbereallycarefulwiththem.MovementMovementisthewaypeoplewalk,stand,sit,orholdtheirhead.Andwhenpeopletalkwithothers,theyalsoneedtoshakehandsorhugthem.Theycantellalotofinformation.Theyshowpeople'smanner,behavior,characterandlevelofeducation.EyecontactThisisthewayyoulookatsomeone.Howmucheyecontactyoumakecantellalotofthingsaboutyouandwhatyouaretryingtosay.Butremembernottostare（盯）atothersallthetime.Itwillmakethemfeelupset.21.Whichbodylanguageisalmostthesameindifferentcultures?A.Facialexpressions. B.Gestures. C.Movement. D.Eyecontact.22.Whendowemostlyusegestures?A.Whenweshowfeelingswithourfaces. B.Whenwetrytomakeapoint.C.Whenweshakehandswithothers. D.Whenwelookatothers,23.Howwillpeoplefeelifwestareatthemallthetime?A.Happy. B.Fearful. C.Excited. D.Upset.【答案】21.A22.B23.D【解析】本文主要讲了肢体语言是一种重要的社交技能，可以展示我们想要分享的东西。肢体语言有很多种，如面部表情、手势、举止和眼神交流等。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据上文对“Facialexpressions”的描述“Theyarealmostthesameindifferentcultures.”可知面部表情在不同的文化中几乎是一样的。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据上文对“Gestures”的描述“Peopleusethemmostlywhentryingtomakeapointorarguewithothers.”可知当人们试图表达观点或与他人争论时，大多都使用手势。故选B。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Butremembernottostare（盯）atothersallthetime.Itwillmakethemfeelupset.”可知一直盯着别人看，会让他们感到不安。故选D。BTheusualwayofshowingone'sloveisexpressingitwithwords,butmydadisdifferent.He’stheonewhocaredsomuchformeandshowedloveinsomanyotherwaysthantheusualwaysofotheradults.InmyearlieryearsIwouldwakemydadupandsay,“Dad,I'mhungry.Couldyoumakemesomethingtoeat”“Sure,whataquestion.Howaboutapieceofsteakandsomeeggs?”Hewouldanswerhappily.“Well,I'mnotsure,itwouldbetoomuchtrouble,”wouldsaywithoutlisteningtomystomach.“Noworries,”wouldbehisreplywithjoy,ashealwaysansweredmethatway.Sundayismydad'sonlyrestdaybuthewouldcomeuptomeandsay.“Howaboutagameofcricket?”“Yes,Dad!Thatwillbegreat,”Iwouldreplyhappily.Onthedayswhenhewastootiredtoplay,hewouldstillsay,“Yeah,sure!I’llplay.”MyMomwouldcomeandcallmetothesideandexplainthatmyDadwasjusttootiredtoplaybutcouldnotsaynotome.Healwayshadandhastimeforme.AstimeflewbyIstartedtobecomeateenagerwithindependenceandwhatseemedtomeasachildishgameoverfoodbecameastupididea.Onthedayshedidn'tworkhewouldcometome."GiveDadasmile,"hewouldsayencouragingly.“Dad,atthemomentIcan’tsmile.”Iwouldsay.“Please.JustonesmileandthenIwon'taskagain,”hewouldplayfully.Lookingathisfunnyface.Icouldn'thelpsmiling.Iwrotethistothankmydad.TheonewhowouldmakemefoodlateatnightwhenIwastootiredtodoso.Theonewhowouldsitbymybedinmytimeofgreatestneed.Theonewhocouldn'tsaynotohisson.24.Howdidthewriter'sdadshowhislove?A.Byexpressingitwithwords. B.Byexpressingitwithgifts.C.Byshowingitwithunusualways. D.Byshowingitwithmanygames.25.WhenisDad'srestday?A.OnSaturday. B.OnSunday. C.Thecricketday. D.Thesmilingday.26.Whatkindofpersonishisdad?A.Caringbutlonely. B.Funnybutworried.C.Caringandpatient. D.Funnyandsilent.【答案】24.C25.B26.C【解析】本文作者通过讲述父亲对他的关爱与宠爱，以此表达对父亲的感恩之情。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Theusualwayofshowingone'sloveisexpressingitwithwords,butmydadisdifferent.…thantheusualwaysofotheradults.”可知作者的爸爸对他的爱不是用语言来表达，而是以不同寻常的方式展示它。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Sundayismydad'sonlyrestday…”可知星期天是我爸爸唯一的休息日。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theonewhowouldmakemefoodlateatnight…Theonewhowouldsitbymybed…Theonewhocouldn'tsaynotohisson.”可知作者的父亲会在深夜给他做饭吃；会在他最需要的时候会坐在床边陪他。父亲从来不对儿子说不。由此推断父亲对他既关心又有耐心。故选C。CEversincetheinventionofthee-readercameintobeing,book-loverseverywherehavebeendebatingwhichisbetter—thee-bookorthetraditionalpaperbook.Canthepricesofpaperbookscompetewiththelowpricesofe-books?Doestheconvenienceofe-bookscomparewiththefeelingofarealbookinyourhands?WhenIwasyoung,Ireallylovedreadingpaperbooks.Withtherapiddevelopmentofthetechnology,e-bookshavebecomeverypopular.Asaresult,Ipersonallyenjoybothwithmanygoodreasons.1.E-booksaremoreconvenienttocarryaround.Ifyou’relikeme,beforegoingonavacation,thehardestpartpackingmaybechoosingwhatbookstobring.Yoursuitcasecanonlyholdsomeofthebooksyoulike.Whatifyoufinishthosebeforeyourvacationisover?Orwhatifyougetboredwiththemandwanttoreadsomethingelse?Withane-reader,youneverhavetoworryaboutthesekindsofproblems,whichcarriesaroundthousandsofbooksallonadevicethatweightsthanapound.2E-booksaremoreeffectivelytoread.Sincee-bookscanshowthewordsindifferentsizesandevenreadthebookstous,ithastheadvantageforpeoplewhomighthaveahardtimereadingorpeoplewithpooreyesight.Peoplecanalsochoosehowmanywordstodisplayononelineorhowmuchspacethereisbetweenlinesaccordingtotheirpersonalpreferences.Thisallowsthosewithreadingdisabilitiestoreadmoreeffectively.3.Paperbookshelpwithreaders'understanding.Thoughe-booksmaybeeasierandfastertoread,studiesshowpaperbooksarebetterforunderstanding.AccordingtoastudybyJamesMadisonUniversity,readersaremorelikelytoskime-booksthanpaperbooks,whichleadstolessunderstandingofthecontent.Paperbooksallowreaderstoreadslowlyanddeeplywhichgivereadersmorechancestothinkoverandunderstandmore.4.Paperbookshelpwithreaders'sleep.Studiesalsoshowthelightfromsomee-bookscausessleepingproblems.Thebrightscreensofe-readerscancausepeopletotakelongertofallasleeporinsomecasesinsomnia.Paperbooksdon'tcausetheseproblems.So,ifyou'reapersonwhocan'teasilyfallasleeporhasproblemswithinsomnia,paperbookshavetheadvantage.Inaword,bothe-booksandpaperbookshavetheiradvantages.So,asforthebeginningquestion,"Whichisbetter—thee-bookorthetraditionalpaperbook?Idon'tthinkthere'sarightanswer.Asforme,Isay,whynotboth?27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.E-bookshelpreaderssolvetheproblemofpackingbydisplayingmorewordsononeline.B.E-bookshelpreaderswithreadingdisabilitiesbyshowingmoreinterestingstorybooks.C.Paperbookshelpreadersunderstandmorebygivingreadersmorechancestothink.D.Paperbookshelpreaderswithsleepingproblemsbywiderspacebetweenlines.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"insomnia"mean?A.Aninabilitytosleep. B.Aninabilitytowakeup.C.Anabilitytosleep. D.Anabilitytowakeup.29.Whichofthefollowingwillthewritermostlytakeonvacation?A.Somepaperbooksthatareeasiertofinish.B.Onethickpaperbooktokeephisvacationlonger.C.Ane-readertokeepawayfromboringchatting.D.Bothane-readerandhisfavoritepaperbooks.【答案】27.C28.A29.D【解析】文章介绍了电子书和纸质书相比较，两者各自的优势以及作者对这两本书的态度。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据“Paperbooksallowreaderstoreadslowlyanddeeplywhichgivereadersmorechancestothinkoverandunderstandmore.”可知，纸质书使读者能够慢慢地、深入地阅读，给了读者更多的思考和理解的机会。故选C。【28题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Thebrightscreensofe-readerscancausepeopletotakelongertofallasleeporinsomecasesinsomnia.”可知，电子阅读器的明亮的屏幕可能会导致人们花更长的时间入睡，让人们很难入睡，甚至会有失眠的情况，所以单词“insomnia”指的是“失眠”，即无法入睡，故选A。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据“Ifyou’relikeme,beforegoingonavacation,thehardestpartpackingmaybechoosingwhatbookstobring…Withane-reader,youneverhavetoworryaboutthesekindsofproblems,whichcarriesaroundthousandsofbooksallonadevicethatweightsthanapound.”以及“Inaword,bothe-booksandpaperbookshavetheiradvantages…Asforme,Isay,whynotboth?”可知，作者认为两者各有优势，两者兼得会是更好的办法，所以度假时作者应该两种书都会带上，故选D。DDogshaveanamazingtalentforunderstandhumansocialbehavior,andtheycantakeactionsuponhumanorders,butwhatiftheyaregiveninstructionsnotbyrealhumansbutbyhumanoidrobotsthatbehavelikehumans?Willdogsobeytherobot'sorders?AttheInternationalConferenceonHumanRobotInteraction2020.ResearchersatYaleUniversity’sSocialRoboticsLabtestedhowdogsrespondedtoinstructionsfromrobots.Agroupof34dogsparticipatedintheexperiment,andeachdogwastestedwitheitheraspeakerorahuman-likerobotinaroom.Afterabriefintroductiontothetestingenvironment,therobotorspeakercalledthedog'sname,usingthesamevoice.Thentherobotorspeakerwouldgivea"sit"order,whichwastherealtest.Resultsoftheexperimentsshowedthatthedogspaidmoreattentiontotherobotthanthespeaker.Dogsobeyedthe"sit"orderover60%ofthetimewhenitcamefromtherobot,butlessthan20%ofthetimewhenitcamefromthespeaker,eveniftheydidlookabitconfusedaboutthewholethingattimes.Whiletheseresultsarecertainlyinteresting,it'simportanttoanswerthequestionofwhetherdogscouldrespondtoasocialrobotatall.Theresearchersweregivingthedogsagreatopportunity.Forexample,thedogs'ownerswereinstructedtointeractwiththerobot,talkingtoitandmakingeyecontact,tohelpencouragethedogstoseetherobotasfriendlyandmaketheanxietylesswhilealsodrawingattentiontotherobot.However,theyhaven'tdiscoveredwhatfactors(因素)mightincreaseordecreasethatlikelihood."Sincedogsareverysensitivetohumansocialcues(暗示),therobotbeinghumanoidornotmaymakeadifference,leadresearcherMeiyingQinsaid."Yet,ifanon-humanoidrobotbehaveslikeadogorshowsanysocialbehaviors,dogsmayalsorespondinasocialmanner.""Nowthatwehaveevidencethatdogsdorespondtosocialrobots,thenextstepistofigureoutwhatwehaven'tdiscoveredyet,"addedMeiyingQin."Humanoidrobot,whichisoneofthegreatestinventioninthe20thcentury,istheadvancedrepresentationofrobottechnique."Somepeoplemayquestionthevalueofmakingsocialrobotsforpets.Dogsaren'ttheonlyanimalsthatrobotsinteractwith,ofcoursethelargerideaisthatbystudyinghowdogsbehavetowardsocialrobotsrelativetohumans,itcanhelpusunderstandbowsocialrobotsaffectourownbehavior,too.30.Paragraph2ismainlyabout________.A.howthetestwasperformed B.whatwasfoundinthetestC.whythescientistsdidthetest D.whotookpartinthetest31.Theresearcherlaterwillprobablyfocuson________.A.humanordersgiventodogs B.factortoaffectdog’sresponseC.robottechniquetodevelop D.socialrobotsdesignedforpets32.Wecanlearnfromtheexperimentthat________.A.dogsseldomobeytheorderfromahumanoidrobotB.dogspaylessattentiontoamechanical-lookingrobotC.dogscanpaymoreattentiontoowners’voiceinthespeakerD.dogscanunderstandthesocialmeaningsfrommachines33.TheleadresearcherMeiyingQinprobablyagreesthat________.A.humanoidrobotscaninfluencehumans’behaviorsB.itisworthlesstodesignadvancedrobotsforanimalsC.robotswilltaketheplaceofhumanstolookafterpetsD.humansdon’trespondsociallytonon-humanoidrobots【答案】30.A31.B32.D33.A【解析】本文通过实验证明狗会听从类人机器人给予的指示，科学家认为通过研究狗对社会机器人的反应，可以帮助我们理解类人机器人可以影响人类的行为。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“ResearchersatYaleUniversity’sSocialRoboticsLabtestedhowdogsrespondedtoinstructionsfromrobots.Agroupof34dogsparticipatedintheexperiment,…Thentherobotorspeakerwouldgivea"sit"order,whichwastherealtest.”可知为了测试狗是如何回应机器人的指示的，研究人员用34只狗进行了实验，机器人或真人用同样的声音叫狗的名字。然后机器人或真人会给狗一个指令“坐”；以此看狗对指令的反应。由此可知本段主要介绍这个测试是如何进行的。故选A。31题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“However,theyhaven'tdiscoveredwhatfactors(因素)mightincreaseordecreasethatlikelihood.”然而，他们还没有发现哪些因素可能增加或减少这种可能性。由此推断研究人员稍后可能会关注那些影响狗的反应的因素。故选B。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Resultsoftheexperimentsshowedthatthedogspaidmoreattentiontotherobotthanthespeaker.”可知实验结果表明，狗对机器人的专注程度高于真人。由此推断狗可以从机器人中理解社会意义。故选D。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“thelargerideaisthatbystudyinghowdogsbehavetowardsocialrobotsrelativetohumans,itcanhelpusunderstandbowsocialrobotsaffectourownbehavior,too.”可知更大的想法是，通过研究狗对社会机器人的反应，它可以帮助我们理解类人机器人可以影响人类的行为。故选A。四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。In2016,LangPingbecamethefirstinvolleyballhistorytowinanOlympicgoldmedalbothasaplayerandacoach,Becauseit'sunusualforanoutstandingathletetobeanexcellentcoachaswell,sheisthoughttobeChina’sMichaelJordan.BornfromapoorfamilyinTianjinin1960,shedidn'tgetverymuchtoeat.Lifetookaluckyturninmiddleschool.Sincesheenjoyedsportsalot,attheageof13,shejoinedherschoolvolleyballteam.Volleyballsuitedher.Shebecamefamousbecauseofherpowerfularmmovement.Thenin1978,atjust18,LangjoinedChina'sfirstwomen’snationalvolleyballteam.Shebecamethecaptainin1984forhergoodperformance.Theteamfoughtontheworldstage,winningtheFIVB1981Women’sWorldCupandtheWorldChampionshipsof1982.Afterthat,LangPingstayedonasanassistant(助理)coach.Thiswasmoreofachallenge.Shethinksbeingacoachisdifferentfrombeingaplayer.“Asaplayer,allyouneedtothinkaboutisproducingyourbestperformanceonthecourt.Butasacoachyouhavetoconsidertheplayers,training,competitionandevenfactorsoffthecourtthatmayhelporharmtheteam,”sheoncesaidinaninterview.Sheretiredasaplayerin1986.Afterafewyears,sherejoinedtheChineseteamasacoachwithasetofgoals.First,tomakeChinatheleadingAsianteamintheworldrankings.Second,togetamedalattheRioOlympics.Fromthesesimplegoalscamegreatresults.Herstoryisnowbeingtoldthroughamovie,Leap,withfamousChineseactressGongLiplayingtheroleofher.FortheChinese,she'smuchmorethanjustavolleyballcoach.LangPing'sexamplewillnodoubtbeaguidinglightforyearstocome."Nomatterwhatchallengesyouface,doyourbest,"shehassaid."Believeinthepowerofhardwork.Successwillsurelybelongtothosewhonevergiveup."It’sbecauseofherthatthe"women’svolleyballteamspirit"isrememberedbythenation.It’samindsetthatmadeLanganationalheroandChinaNo.1intheworldrankingsforWomen’svolleyball.34.WhyisLangPingthoughttobeChina’sMichaelJordan?__________________________________________________________35.WhendidLangPingjoinChina’sfirstwomen’snationalvolleyballteam?__________________________________________________________36.WhatdoesLangPingthinkofbeingacoach?__________________________________________________________37.Howisherstorybeingtoldtotheworldnow?__________________________________________________________38.Whatmightbethetitleofthispassage?__________________________________________________________【答案】34.Becauseit’ssounusualforanoutstandingathletetobeanexcellentcoachaswell.35.In1978/Atjust18(LangjoinedChina’sfirstwomen’snationalvolleyballteam).36.Thiswasmoreofachallenge./Shethinksbeingacoachisdifferentfrombeingaplayer./(Asacoachshehastoconsidertheplayers,training,competitionandevenfactorsoffthecourtthatmayhelporharmtheteam.)37.Throughamovie,Leap.38.LangPing,theNationalHero/anyotherpossibleversion.【解析】本文主要介绍了郎平作为运动员和教练所取得的成就。正是因为她，“女排精神”才被国家铭记。【34题详解】根据文中第一段“Becauseit'sunusualforanoutstandingathletetobeanexcellentcoachaswell,sheisthoughttobeChina’sMichaelJordan.”可知她被认为是中国的迈克尔·乔丹，是因为她既是一个优秀的运动员，也是一名优秀的教练，这是不寻常的。故填Becauseit’ssounusualforanoutstandingathletetobeanexcellentcoachaswell.【35题详解】根据第二段“Thenin1978,atjust18,LangjoinedChina'sfirstwomen’snationalvolleyballteam.”可知在1978年，她18岁时，郎平加入了中国的第一支国家女排队。故填In1978/Atjust18(LangjoinedChina’sfirstwomen’snationalvolleyballteam).【36题详解】根据第三段“Thiswasmoreofachallenge.Shethinksbeingacoachisdifferentfrombeingaplayer.“Asaplayer,allyouneedtothinkaboutisproducingyourbestperformanceonthecourt.Butasacoachyouhavetoconsidertheplayers,training,competitionandevenfactorsoffthecourtthatmayhelporharmtheteam,”sheoncesaidinaninterview.”可知郎平认为教练更像是一个挑战。她认为当教练和当球员不同。作为一名教练，你必须考虑球员、训练、比赛甚至场外可能帮助或伤害球队的因素。故填Thiswasmoreofachallenge./Shethinksbeingacoachisdifferentfrombeingaplayer./(Asacoachshehastoconsidertheplayers,training,competitionandevenfactorsoffthecourtthatmayhelporharmtheteam.)【37题详解】根据第五段“Herstoryisnowbeingtoldthroughamovie,Leap”可知郎平的故事现在通过一部电影《夺冠》告诉世界的，故填Throughamovie,Leap.【38题详解】通读全文，可知本文主要讲了民族英雄郎平作为运动员和教练所取得的成就。本题为开放性作答，切合主题即可。参考答案为LangPing,theNationalHero/anyotherpossibleversion.四、文段表达从下面两个题目中任选一题。在答题卡上填涂选择序号。根据中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的文段写作。请不要写出你的姓名和校名。39.著名哲学家弗朗西斯·培根在《论读书》一文中写到：读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。假如你是李华，是你校读书俱乐部成员。俱乐部要举办一次“我最爱的书籍”主题演讲比赛。请你用英文介绍一下你最喜欢的一本书，你喜欢它的原因，以及读书带给你的益处。提示词语：wonderful,inspiring,knowledge,benefit,improve提示问题:What’syourfavoritebook?Whydoyoulikeit?Howdoesreadinghelpyou?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________