Unit4UsingLanguage单词课件高中英语人教版选择性

词汇讲解选择性必修四Unit4重难点词精讲一词多义辨析义shadedrag一词多义deserve搭配义英语释义disabled&disabilityjam熟词生义词族1.jamstrawberryjam草莓酱trafficjam交通堵塞词源义是“用力塞到一起”。把水果用力塞到一起，即压制成“果酱”；很多车辆“用力塞”到一起堵住交通，即“交通堵塞”。jam词源解读jam

vt

用力挤/塞；挤满；挤进：HundredsoffansjammedtheairporttogreettheBeatles.2019浙江改

n

[C]&[U]果酱；[C]堵塞：Haveyoueverbeenstuckinatrafficjam?6lampshadesunshadewindowshade2.shade

n

[C]&[U]荫；阴凉处：Duringthedaytime,thetemperaturemayreach40℃evenintheshade.Whatapleasantshadethesetreesgiveus!

[C]（色彩的）浓淡；深浅；色度：a

delicate/pale/rich/softshade

ofblueHepassedmilkywhitewaterfallsandmountainsinmanyshadesofblue.2020全国

[C]（绘画的）暗部；阴影部分基本义：荫shade

vs

shadow

shade指阳光照不到的地方，如树下或墙边的阴凉处，一般没有具体的轮廓。

Dizzy,andunabletofocusmyeyesorthoughts,Idroppedmyalmostlifelessbodyintheshadeofatree.

shadow指某物遮住阳光或其他光源后形成的影子，可以引申为“不良的兆头或阴影”，也可指黑暗的地方。

Nancy,outofthecornerofhereye,sawtheshadowthatsuddenlyfellacrossthedoorway.

3.drag辨析pull拉

drag拉

pull：与push（推）相对应，指将人或物朝出力者的方向拉drag：顺着地面拖/拉十分沉重的人或物drag

vt

拖；拽；硬拉：Userscandraganddrop

thedocumentintothisfolder(文件夹).Ifinditreallyhardtodragmyselfoutandexerciseregularly.

vt&

vi

缓慢费力地移动：Shedraggedherselfoutof

bed,andhurriedtotheschool.Neverdragbehindwhenwedoanything.

vi

拖沓；进行得缓慢：Thatseemslikeahorriblemessthatwilldrag(on)foryears.

Asdelaysdragon,livingconditionsforthevictimsaregettingworse.dragone’sfeet

做事拖拉；迟迟不做：Itisnotagoodideatodragyourfeetwhentheworkneedstobedone.（使劲而吃力地）拖/拉某人或某物（使劲而吃力地）拖/拉身体拖/拉时间或活动drag

语义网络图拖；拽；硬拉拖沓；进行得缓慢缓慢费力地移动拖/拉drag（基本义）（使劲而吃力地）“拖/拉”某人或某物（使劲而吃力地）“拖/拉”身体“拖/拉”时间

或活动disability

n[C]&[U]残疾；障碍：Inordertosolvethiskindoflearningdisability,usingfamilytherapycangetgoodeffects.disability

构词：dis-(lackof)+ability(能力)→没有能力→缺陷；障碍disabled

adj

残疾的；丧失能力的：Rampshavebeenbuilttoeaseaccessforthedisabled.

Thisisasurveyofthementallydisabledchildrenin16districtsandcitiesofGuangdongbysamplingmethod.构词：disable(v

使丧失能力)+-ed(形容词后缀)→身体上不能的→残疾的基本义：丧失能力的4.disabled【高考链接】Onemorningin2009,Larrywas41.travelingalong165northafterdeliveringtooneofhis42.customers.Suddenly,hesawacarwithitsbrightlightson.43.Ashegotcloser,hefound44.anothervehicleupsidedownontheroad.Onemorelookandhenoticed45.flamesshootingoutfromunderthe46.vehicle…46.A.used B.disabled C.removed D.abandoned【解析】B。disabled既可以表示“（人）残疾的”，也可以用于修饰物，表示“出现故障的”“抛锚的”，是由人到物的演变。同族词：able,ability,disability,disabled,enable,unable5.deserveYoudeserveit!这是你应得的！deservedeserve

deservetodosth:值得；应该Inreallifejustasinfiction,wealldeservetolivehappilyeverafter.

deservedoing/deservetobedone：值得去做；应该去做(表示被动意义)...He’saresponsiblewriter,andhedeservesrespecting/toberespected.

重难点词精讲tune搭配义词根词缀英语习语名词动词化contract一词多义6.tune看图猜词intune

合调

outoftune

跑调

tune

n

[C]调子；曲调；旋律：It’sthethemetuneinthemovieTitanic.

[U]和谐intune合调；协调：Noneofthemcouldsingin

tune.Thepresidentandhisfollowerswereclearlyintune.

outoftune

走调；不协调：Ihavenoearformusic.Mysingingisoutoftune.Hercharacterisquiteoutoftunewithherbeauty.

singadifferenttune

改变观点/态度singthesametune(assb)（和某人）持同样的态度和主张

vi

为（乐器）调音；调（收音机，电视频道）tunein

收听；收看：tuneinto

aradiostation7.contract

根据所给汉语，在空白处填入适当的词块。Unfortunatelyhe______________________________（得了癌症）ataveryyoungage.had/contractedcancer/developedcontract

n[C]契约；合同：Iknowweshoulddrawupacontractandthebuyerhastosignit.

Wouneedtoenterinto/make/signacontractofinsurancewithus.Beingpunctualisacontractthatissilentlyagreed.2015陕西v

vi缩小；收缩：Whenyouheatametal,itwillcontract.

vi&vt签（合同）：Hehascontractedforthebuildingofthehouseat20,000dollars.

vt［正式用语］感染（疾病）：Healsocontractedscarletfever,whichalmostkilledhim.

构词：con-(together一起)+tract(todraw拉)→

把……拉在一起(基本义)contract

语义网络图把物体内部“拉在一起”缩小；收缩感染（疾病）把人与疾病“拉在一起”把人与合同“拉在一起”签（合同）把……拉在一起contractv（基本义）本单元的词根词缀服务应受、值得

拉拉在一起形状/形式制服圈走一圈名词动词化说出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。1.Thebooksareallcoveredwithdust.Couldyoudustthem? _______________________2.Wemustweedtheyard;itwasovergrownwithweeds. _______________________3.Shewantstoskim（撇去）bubbleswhenthesoupbubbles. _______________________4.Wetriedtousetherubberplugtopluguptheholesinthecupboard. ____________________擦去……的灰尘/掸灰给……除去杂草

冒泡/起泡

把……塞住/堵塞

5.Sheshadedhereyesagainstthesunandthensatintheshadeofalargetree. _________________6.Yourpianoisoutoftune;youshouldcallsomeoneovertotuneit. _________________7.Pleasemailusatthefollowingemailaddress._________________8.Whenthechorusendedtheirlastnote,theaudiencechoruseditsapprovalbycheering. ________________

给……遮挡（光线）

为（乐器）调音

给……发电子邮件同时说/齐声说

英语习语英语中有很多习语(idioms)，是人们经过长时间的使用提炼出来的含有特殊意义的固定词语组合，其真正的意义和字面意义往往相差甚远，不好理解和记忆。学习时，可以借助习语背后的词源故事或文化内涵来理解和学习，加深对它们的认知深度。wakethedeadwakethedead

是一种夸张的修辞手法，在本句中可以理解为“（声音）非常大”，相当于成语“震耳欲聋”。这种修辞手法可以让人对声音之大有更鲜明的印象。

Thenoiseofmusicfrommyneighbour’spartywasenoughto

wakethedead.英语习语beinaleagueofone’sown在本句中，league是“水平”“等级”的意思，beinaleagueofone’sown=bemuchbetterthantherest，意为“独领风骚”。singthesametune

Iwanttomakesurewe’reall

singingthesametune

beforewegiveanyinterviewstothenewspaper.singthesametune字面意思是“唱相同的曲调”，形象地表达比喻和某人持同样的态度和主张。outofone’sleague在本句中，league是“水平”“