高考英语语法复习之虚拟语气课件

虚拟语气目录一、课前检测二、何为虚拟三、应用总结四、综合检测一.课前检测一、单项选择1.--Itrainedcatsanddogsthismorning.I’mgladwetookanumbrella.--Yeah,wewouldhavegotwetalloverifwe______.A.hadn’t B.haven't C.didn't D.don't2.Ellenisafantasticdancer.IwishI______aswellasher.A.dance B.willdance C.haddanced D.danced3.IfhehadspentmoretimepractisingspeakingEnglishbefore,he______abletospeakitmuchbetternow.A.willbe B.wouldbe C.hasbeen D.wouldhavebeen4.Itmighthavesavedmesometrouble______theschedule.A.didIknow B.haveIknown C.doIknow D.hadIknown❀❀❀❀二、语法填空1.Ifhehadtoldmehistelephonenumberyesterday,I__________(be)abletoringhimupnow.2.Themanagerputforwardasuggestionthatwe____________(have)anassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.(should)have3.IfMr.Dewey__________(be)present,hewouldhaveofferedanypossibleassistancetothepeoplethere.hadbeenwouldbe(should)havehadbeen二.何为虚拟Ifyouwereateardrop;Inmyeye,Forfearoflosingyou,Iwouldnevercry.Andifthegoldensun,Shouldceasetoshineitslight,Justonesmilefromyou,Wouldmakemywholeworldbright.译文：如果你是我眼里的一滴泪，为了不失去你，我将永不哭泣；如果金色的阳光停止了它耀眼的光芒，你的一个微笑将照亮我的整个世界。虚拟语气SubjunctiveMood使用条件：是指说话人将行为或状态以愿望、设想等非事实方式来表达的动词形式。即在一些场合里，当说话人或作者谈到与事实相反或对某事发生的可能性没有把握、没有信心，或建议、要求某事发生时，就需要采用虚拟语气来表达。即说话人所说的不是事实，而是想象、假设、推测、愿望等三.应用总结01条件从句02名从和状从03定语从句中01条件句中的虚拟语气if非真实条件句省略if的倒装错综虚拟含蓄虚拟if非真实条件句非真实条件句：IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkharder.真实条件句：Ifitrainstomorrow,we’llstayhome.主将从现除了主将从现，都是虚拟语气IfIhadtimenow,Iwouldattendthemeeting.IfIwereyou,Iwouldworkharderatmylessons.Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.IfIhadknownhistelephonenumber,Iwouldhavecalledhim.Ifitsnowedtomorrow,ourplanwouldbepostponed.IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoAmerica.Ifitshouldrain,wewouldcalloffthematch.情态动词+havedone表将来：beto时间条件状语从句主句与现在事实相反

did/werewouldshould+docould

might与过去事实相反haddonewouldshould+have+donecould

might与将来事实相反did/wereshould+dowereto+dowouldshould+docould

might记忆口诀：虚拟语气并不难，从句时态都后退，主句w/c/m/s加在前，注意动词要还原。Practice1.Johnwenttothehospitalalone.Ifhe______meaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.A.shouldtell B.tells C.told D.hadtold2.Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe______there,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.A.lives B.wouldlive C.haslived D.weretolive3.Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI______time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.A.havehad B.hadhad C.have D.had对过去的虚拟对将来的虚拟对现在的虚拟❀❀❀省略if的虚拟（倒装）如果条件从句中含有

were，

had，should

或could，可以省略连词if，把这些词放在主语之前，构成倒装句。否定词not

不能放在前面Ifheshouldagreetogothere,wewouldsendhimthere.Shouldheagreetogothere,wewouldsendhimthere.Ifshewerehere,shewouldagreewithus.Wereshehere,shewouldagreewithus.Ifyouhadn’tdonemeafavor,Iwouldn’tbeherenow.Hadyounotdonemeafavor,Iwouldn’tbeherenow.Let’shaveatryIfthemachineshouldbreakdown,wewouldrepairitatonce.IfheweretogotoAmerica,Iwouldbreakupwithhim.Ifshehadreturnedmybooklastweek,Iwouldn’thaveboughtanewone.Shouldthemachinebreakdown,wewouldrepairitatonce.WerehetogotoAmerica,Iwouldbreakupwithhim.Hadshereturnedmybooklastweek,Iwouldn’thaveboughtanewone.Practice对过去的虚拟，省略if对将来的虚拟，省略if对现在的虚拟，省略if❀❀❀错综虚拟主从句时间不一致

谓语动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整常考的错综时间是：从句表示过去，主句表示现在。解题关键：时间状语Ifwe_____atableearlier,wecouldn’tbestandinghereinaqueue.A.havebooked B.bookedC.book D.hadbooked错综虚拟句，与过去事实相反❀PracticeIfhehadspentmoretimepracticingspeakingEnglishbefore,hewould_________(be)abletospeakitmuchbetternow.错综虚拟句，与现在事实相反be含蓄虚拟[总结]含有but,otherwise,or,orelse时，句式为“半真半假”，解题时根据半真判断半假，根据半假判断半真。如果“半真”句中为一般过去时，那么“半假”句中的虚拟形式选择与过去事实相反的would/could/should/might+have+动词过去分词，反之亦然。Practice含蓄虚拟，but+事实，过去含蓄虚拟，otherwise+虚拟，与过去事实相反含蓄虚拟，or+虚拟，与过去事实相反❀❀❀02名从状从中的虚拟语气should型asif/wish/ifonlywouldrathera)宾语从句中：主语+insist/order…+that主语+(should)+V原形b)主语从句中：Itis/wassuggested/demanded…+that主语+(should)+V原形c)表语从句中：Mysuggestion/order…isthat主语+(should)+V原形d)同位语从句：S

+

V

+

suggestion

that主语+(should)+V原形should型虚拟语气(1)与建议命令有关名从中，suggest类词任何词性变化，虚拟不变，

都是should型一个坚持_____________两个命令_____________四个建议_____________六个要求_____________insistdemand,require,request,desire,

urge,

ask(2)主语从句中:It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/impossible…that+主语+(should)+V原形Itisstrangethathe(should)sayso.(3)主语从句中:It’sapity/ashame/asurprise/nowonderthat主语+(should)+V原形Itisagreatpitythathe(shouldthink)so.Practice主从虚拟，require，should型❀❀注意！！！suggest:表明，暗示陈述语气

建议虚拟语气Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe_______________(be)ill.Herfriendssuggestedthatshe________________(send)tohospitalimmediately.insist:坚持说（观点）陈述语气

坚持要求（行为）虚拟语气Heinsistedthathe_______________(notsteal)themoney.Heinsistedthathe___________________(set)free.

was

(should)besent

hadn’tstolen

(should)besetasif/wish/ifonly引导的从句虚拟与现在事实相反did/were与过去事实相反haddone与将来事实相反would/could/might+do1.Ifonlyhe______quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.A.lies B.lay C.hadlain D.shouldlie2.ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.Whyareyoutalkingtomeasif______it?

A.haddone B.havedone C.did

D.amdoingif