羊驼pte机经新题预测2 4 ra

2019.2.42019.2.10★Thebeginningofthetwenty-firstcenturywillberemembered,notformilitaryconflictsorpoliticalevents,butforawholenewageofglobalization–aflatteningoftheworld.Theexplosionofadvancedtechnologiesnowmeansthatsuddenlyknowledgepoolsandresourceshaveconnectedallovertheplanet,levelingtheplayingfieldasneverbefore.conflict/'kɑnflɪkt/flattening/'flætniŋ ★Anotheradministrationoptionistobakemarijuanaatarelativelylowtemperaturetokillanydangerousmicroorganismsandthenallowthatpatienttoeatitordrinkit.Bothofthesemethodsofadministrationmakesmokingthedrugunnecessary.However,criticismofmedicalmarijuanahasalsobeenraisedbecauseasanaturalplant,itcannotbepatentedandmarketedbypharmaceuticalcompaniesandisunlikelytowinwidespreadmedicalacceptance.marijuana/,mærɪ'hwɑːnəpatented/'peɪtəntɪd/★TofindXXXgraduateadmissionnot…,eachoftheuniversityschoolsandcollegesadmitsstudentstoitsownprogram.Forinformationaboutspecificgraduatedegree,graduateapplications,graduateadmissionrequirementsandprocedures,graduatescholarship,andpapersXXXforyourapplication,visitindividualschoolwebsite.Akimbo,thismustbeoneoftheodder-lookingwordsinthelanguage.Itpuzzlesusinpart,becauseitdoesn’tseemtohaveanyrelatives.What’smore,itisnowvirtuallyafossilword,untilrecentlyalmostinvariablyfoundinarmsakimbo,apostureinwhichapersonstandswithhandsonhipsandelbowssharplybentoutward,onethatsignalsimpatienceandhostility.Akimbo/ə'kɪmbo////2Augustuswasgiventhepowersofanabsolutemonarch,buthepresentedhimselfasthepreserverofrepublicantraditions.HetreatedtheSenate,orstatecouncil,withgreatrespect,andwasmadeConsulyearafteryear.Hesuccessfullyreducedthepoliticalpowerofthearmybyretiringmanysoldiers,butgivingthemlandormoneytokeeptheirloyalty.monarch/'mɒnək/Senate/'senɪt/★BlackBeforeEuropeanexplorershadreachedAustralia,itwasbelievedthatallswanswerewhite.Dutchmariner,AntounieCaen,wasthefirsttobeamazedatthesightofAustralia'sBlackswansontheSharkBayin1636.Whileblueisoneofthemostpopularcolors,itisoneoftheleastappetizing.Bluefoodisrareinnature.Foodresearcherssaythatwhenhumanssearchedforfood,theylearnedtoavoidtoxicorspoiledobjects,whichwereoftenblue,black,orpurple.Whenfooddyedblueisservedtostudysubjects,theyloseappetite.appetizing英音 BlueBlueisthemostpopularcolor.Foodresearchersdisagree–whenhumanssearchedforfood,theylearnedtoavoidtoxicorspoiledobjects,whichwereoftenblue,black,orpurple.Whenfooddyedblueisservedtostudysubjects,theylosetheirappetite.★Anationalstudyintofraudbybookkeepersemployedatsmallandmedium-sizedbusinesseshasuncovered65instancesoftheftinmorethanfiveyears,withmorethan$31millionstolen.Ofthecasesidentifiedbytheresearch,56involvedwomenandnineinstancesinvolvedmen.However,malebookkeeperswhodefraudedtheiremployerstolethreetimes,onaverage,theamountthatfraud/frɔːd/ women★12Scientistsknowlittleabouthowexactlyitworks,especiallywhenitcomestocomplexfunctionslikememoryformation.Researchismoreadvancedinanimals,butexperimentsonhumansarehard.Yet,eventoday,somepartsofthebrain,likethemotorcortex,arebetterunderstood.Noriscompleteknowledgealwaysneeded.Machinelearningcanrecognizepatternsofneuralactivity;thebrainitselfgetsthehangofcontrollingBCISwithextraordinaryease.Andneurotechnologywillrevealmoreofthebrain’ssecrets.cortex★Majorbreedingareas,andbreedingislands,areshownasdarkgreenareasordarts.Opendartsareshownno-breedingrecordsonislands,andarealsousedforoffshoresightings,whicharefromshipsorboats.Otherareaswherespeciesarenotmeanttobeseenareplainpalegreen,withpalegreenhatchingwererecordsareusuallysparse. ★Whencountriesassesstheirannualcarbondioxideemissions,theycountuptheircarsandpowerstations,butbushfiresarenotincludedpresumablybecausetheyaredeemedtobeeventsbeyondhumancontrol.InAustralia,Victoriaaloneseesseveralhundredthousandhectaresburneachyearinboth2004andthepresentsummer,thefigurehasbeenover1millionhectares.assess/ə'sɛs/ carbon/'kɑrbən/ emission/ɪ'mɪʃən/ ★21stcenturyAsweprogressintothe21stcentury,communicationsarebecomingfasterandfasterThinkofmillionsofdifferentmediaimagesyouarebombardedwitheveryday.Itisasimportantnowtobeabletoreadandmakesenseofthoseimages,asithasbeentobeabletoreadordinary★TheclimatefordoingbusinessimprovedinEgyptmorethaninanyothercountrylastyear,accordingtoaglobalstudythatrevealedawaveofcompany-orientedreformsacrosstheMiddleEast.TheWorldBankrankings,whichlookatbusinessregulations,alsoshowedthatthepaceofbusinessreformsinEasternEuropewasovertakingEastreveal/rɪ'vil/theMiddleEastmiddle结尾的l和east开头的ɪ连读成li）★1Yourbody’scomposedoftrillionsofcells;lotsofdifferenttypesofcellsthatmakeupdifferentorgansandotherpartsofyourbody.Yourbodyisalsowhere10timesthatnumberofbacteriacall‘homemoregoodthanharmtoyou.Andbesides,justincaseyouwantedtostrikeupaconversationwithyourtenants,youandyourbacteriadohaveafewtenants/'tenənt/thingsin★1Thequestforauser-friendlycopyrightregimebeganadecadeagowhentheHongKonggovernmentlaunchedapublicconsultationon“CopyrightProtectionintheDigitalEnvironment”inDecember2006.AlthoughthisconsultationinitiallysoughttoaddressInternet-relatedchallenges,suchasthosecausedbypeer-to-peerfile-sharingtechnology,thereformeffortquicklyevolvedintoamorecomprehensivedigitalupgradeoftheHongKongcopyrightregime.regime/reɪ'ʒiːm/sought/sɔːt/★ElectricFirst-yearuniversitystudentshavedesignedandbuiltagroundbreakingelectriccarthatrechargesitself.FiftystudentsfromtheUniversityofSydney'sFacultyofEngineeringspentfivemonthscobblingtogetherbitsofplywood,foamandfiberglasstobuildtheManGoconceptcar.Theydevelopedthespecificationsandhandbuiltthecar.It'saprettyradicaldesign:afour-wheeldrivewithamotorineachwheel.designed/dɪ'zaɪnd/ Inthepast,NamingEnglishasaseparatesubjectseemedrelativelyeasy.Thetextbookselectedandgradeditemsoflanguagewhichwereputintocontextandthenpracticedintensively.Newitemswerecarefullycontrolledsothatthestudentcouldcopequiteeasily.NowthatEnglishisusedasamediumofinstruction,however,allthishaschanged.Unknownitemsofgrammarandvocabularyappearintextswhichattempttoexplainnewandoftendifficultinformation.Difficultieswiththelanguageinteractwithdifficultiesasregardsthesubjectmatter.relatively/'rɛlətɪvli/cope/kəʊp/ （中段读★12FastHundredsofmillionsofAmericanpeopleeatfastfoodeverydaywithoutgivingittoomuchthought,unawareofthesubtleandnotsosubtleramificationsoftheirpurchases.Theyjustgrabtheirtrayoffthecounter,findatable,takeaseat,unwrapthepaper,anddigin.Thewholeexperienceistransitoryandsoonforgotten.subtle/'sʌtl/ 要注意中间的bramification/'ræməfə'keʃən/unwrap/'ræməfə'keʃən/★EversinceIremembered,fatherwokeupatfivethirtyeverymorning,madeusallbreakfastandreadnewspaper.Afterthathewouldgotowork.Heworkedasawriter.ItwasalongtimebeforeIrealizedhedidthisforaliving.★1Fence,humanlyerectedbarrierbetweentwodivisionsofland,usedtomarkalegalorotherboundary,tokeepanimalsorpeopleinorout,andsometimesasanornament.Innewlysettledlandsfencesareusuallymadeofmaterialsathand,e.g.,stone,earth,orwood.Fence/fens/Boundary/'baʊnd(ə)rɪ/Ornamente.g.念原型for★AtthebeginningofeachfiscalyearfundsareallocatedtoeachStateaccountinaccordancewiththeUniversity’sfinancialplan.Fundsareallocatedtoeachaccountbyobjectofexpenditure.Accountmanagersareresponsibleforensuringthatadequatefundsareavailableintheappropriateobjectbeforeinitiatingtransactionstousethefunds.fiscal/'fɪsk(ə)l/GrandTheGrandCanyonis277mileslong,upto18mileswideandattainsadepthofoveramile.WhilethespecificgeologicprocessesandtimingthatformedtheGrandCanyonarethesubjectofdebatebygeologists,recentevidencesuggeststheColoradoRiverestablisheditscoursethroughthecanyonatleast17millionyearsago.Canyon/'kænjən/ debate/dɪ'beɪt/geologistdʒɪ'ɒlədʒɪst/geologic重音放在不同音节★GrandFewthingsintheworldproducesuchamazementasone'sfirstofclippersoftheGrandCanyon;ittookaroundmorethan2billionyearstocreatethisvastwonder–insomeplaces.17mileswide,largelythroughtherelentlessforceofColoradoRiver,whichruns277milesalongitslength, relentless/rɪ'lentlɪs/辅音t后接辅音l，t milebeneathitstowering★GrowthHowquicklyistheworld’spopulationgrowing?IntheUnitedStatesandotherdevelopedcountries,thecurrentgrowthrateisverylow.Inmostdevelopingcountries,thehumanpopulationisgrowingatarateof3percentpersecond.Becauseofthisbustlinggrowthrate,thehumanpopulationiswellonitswaytoreaching9billionwithin AlthoughithailsfromaremoteregionofthewesternHimalayas,thisplantnowlooksentirelyathomeonthebanksofEnglishrivers.BroughttotheUKin1839,itquicklyescapedfromVictoriangardensandcolonizedriverbanksanddampwoodlands.NowitisspreadingacrossEurope,NewZealand,CanadaandtheUS.damp/dæmp/HowShakespeareAyoungmanfromasmallprovincialtown—amanwithoutindependentwealth,withoutpowerfulfamilyconnectionsandwithoutauniversityeducation—movedtoLondoninthelate1580’sand,inaremarkablyshorttime,becamethegreatestplaywrightnotofhisagealonebutofalltime.HowdidShakespearebecomeprovincial/prə'vɪnʃl/playwright/'pleɪraɪt/3★12Inhislandmarkaccount,firstpublishedovertwentyyearsago,theauthorarguesthattheignoranceandlethargyofthepooraredirectresultsofthewholesituationofeconomic,socialandpoliticaldomination.Bybeingkeptinasituationinwhichcriticalawarenessandresponsearepracticallyimpossible,thedisadvantagedarekeptlethargy/'lɛθɚdʒi/★AstotheIndustrialRevolution,onecannotdisputetodaythefactthatithassucceededininauguratinginanumberofcountriesalevelofmassprosperitywhichwasundreamtofinthedaysprecedingtheIndustrialsucceeded/sək'siːdid/ Revolution.But,ontheimmediateimpactoftheIndustrialRevolution,thereweresubstantialdivergencesamong★Introverts(orthoseofuswithintrovertedtendencies)tendtorechargebyspendingtimealone.Theyloseenergyfrombeingaroundpeopleforlongperiodsoftime,particularlylargecrowds.Extroverts,ontheotherhand,gainenergyfromotherpeople.Extrovertsactuallyfindtheirenergyissappedwhentheyspendtoomuchtimealone.Theyrechargebybeingrovert/'ɪntrəvɜːt/★TheJapaneseteaceremonyisatourinfluencedbyBuddhisminwhichgreenteaispreparedandservedtoasmallgroupofguestsinapeacefulsetting.Theceremonycantakeaslongasfourhoursandtherearemanytraditionalgesturesthatboththeserverandtheguestmustperform.gesture/'dʒestʃə/★Thediversityofhumanlanguagemaybecomparedtothediversityofthenaturalworld.Justasthedemiseofplantspicesreducesgeneticdiversity,anddepriveshumanityorpotentialmedicalandbiologicalresources.Soextinctionoflanguagetakeswithitawealthofculture,artand /dʒə'nɛtɪk/ LegalLegalwritingisusuallylessdiscursivethanwritinginotherhumanitiessubjects,andprecisionismoreimportantthanvariety.Sentencestructureshouldnotbetoocomplex;itisusuallyunnecessarytomakeextensiveuseofadjectivesoradverbs,andconsistencyoftermsisoftenrequired.discursive/dɪs'kɜːsɪv/查了6大辞典（牛★powertoemancipateslaveswascausedbytheescalatingscopeofwar,whichconvincedhimthatanymeasuretoweakentheConfederacyandstrengthentheUnionwareffortwasjustifiableasamilitarynecessity.slaves/sleɪv/Union/'ju:niən/★Itseemsthatwhenitcomestolove,menandwomenaredesignedtomisconstrue,misreadandmisunderstandoneanotherandthemselves.Youdiscoverthatinfacttheymakegoodsense.Beingadeludedromanticisoftenthebestwaytomakeagood-biologicallysuccessful-choiceaboutapotentialpartneronthebasis.misconstruemɪskən'struː★Foranymarketingcoursethatrequiresdevelopmentofmarketingplan,suchasmarketingmanagement,marketingstrategyandsegmentationsupportmarketing,thisistheonlyplanninghandbookthatguidesstudentsthroughthestepbystepcreationofcustomizedmarketingplan.Whileofferingcommercialsoftwaretoaidintheprocess.★MBAAlongwithcustomaryclassesonsubjectssuchasfinance,accounting,andmarketing,today'sMBAstudentsareenrollingoncoursesforenvironmentalpolicyandstewardship.Indeed,morethanhalfofbusinessschoolsrequireacourseinenvironmentalsustainabilityorcorporatesocialresponsibility,accordingtoasurveyof91USbusinessschools,publishedinOctober2005. NotordinaryThisbookisnotanordinarybook,andshouldnotbereadthroughfromthebeginningtotheend.Itcontainsmanydifferentadventures,andthepathyoutakewilldependonthechoicesyoumakealongtheway.Thesuccessorfailureofyourmissionwillhingeonthedecisionsyoumake,sothinkcarefullybeforechoosing.read这里是被动，读/red/ ★1NorthcoteParkinson,aBritishwriter,formulatedParkinson’srule:“Workexpandstofillthetimeallottedtoit;or,conversely,theamountofworkcompletedisininverseproportiontothenumberofpeopleemployed.“Simplysaid:Ifyouhaveanhourallottedtodoa5-minutejob,itwilltakeanhourtodoit.Alargenumberofpeopleaccomplishlessworkthanasmallernumberofpeople.Plutolostitsofficialstatusasaplanetyesterday,whentheInternationalAstronomicalUniondownsizedthesolarsystemfromninetoeightplanets.AlthoughtherehadbeenpassionatedebatesattheIAUGeneralAssemblyMeetinginPragueaboutthedefinitionofaplanet–andwhetherPlutometthespecifications–theaudiencegreetedthedecisiontoexcludeitwithapplause.Assembly/ə'sɛmbli/ ★Itisn’trareforprivateequityhousestohiregradsfreshoutofbusinessschool,hesaid,but9timesoutof10,thestudentswhonabthesejobsaretheoneswhohadprivateequityexperienceundertheirbeltbeforeevenstartingtheirMBAprogram.gradsThecoreoftheproblemwastheimmensedisparityofpeopletoconsume.GreatinnovationsinproductivetechniquesduringandafterthewarraisedtheoutputofindustrybeyondthepurchasingcapacityofU.S.farmersandwageearners.immense/ɪ'mɛns/capacity/kə'pæsəti/★12Thephysicallocationofarestaurantinthecompetitivelandscapeofthecityhaslongbeenknownasamajorfactorinitslikelysuccessorfailure.Oncerestaurantsareestablishedinsuchenvironments,theycandolittleabouttheirlocation.Alltheycandoisworktoimprovecustomeraccesstotheirpremises.Restaurateursoftendothisbyengaginginbattleswithlocalauthoritiesaboutcarcompetitive/kəm'pɛtətɪv/ Restaurateurˌrɛstərəˈtɚ个音节，要和restaurant★LongislandfromWesternEurope,RussiagrewupwithoutparticipatinginthedevelopmentliketheReformationthatmanyEuropeanstakingprideintheiruniqueculture,finddubiousvalue.Russiais,asaresult,themostunusualmemberofEuropeanfamily,ifindeeditisEuropeanatall.Thequestionisstillopentodebate,particularlyamongRussiansthemselves.unique/jʊ'nik/debate/dɪ'beɪt/★1（open换成了Theprovisionofaccurateandauthoritativestatisticalinformationstrengthensmodernsocieties.Itprovidesabasisfordecisionstobemadeonsuchthingsaswhereto(open)locateschoolsandhospitals,howmuchmoneytospendonwelfarepaymentsandevenwhichfootballplayerstoreplaceathalf-time. statistical/stə'tɪstɪk(ə)l/footballtb★12Thisstudytrackedabout1,000adultsintheUnitedStates,andtheyrangedinagefrom34to93,andtheystartedthestudybyasking,'Howmuchstresshaveyouexperiencedinthelastyear?Theyalsoasked,Howmuchtimehaveyouspenthelpingoutfriends,neighbourspeopleinyourcommunity?Andthentheyusedpublicrecordsforthenextfiveyearstofindoutwhodied.★Sinceitsinception,theUNsystemhasbeenworkingtoensureadequatefoodforallthroughsustainableagriculture.Themajorityoftheworldspoorestpeopleliveinruralareasofdevelopingcountries.Theydependonagricultureandrelatedactivitiesfortheirlivelihoods.Thismakesthemparticularlyvulnerabletoman-madeandnaturalinfluencesthatreduceagriculturalproduction.inception/ɪn'sepʃ(ə)n/adequate/ˈædɪkwət/ livelihood/'laɪvlɪhʊd/vulnerable/'vʌlnərəbl/Thesemiconductorindustryhasbeenabletoimprovetheperformanceofelectricsystemsformorethanfourdecadesbymakingever-smallerdevices.However,thisapproachwillsoonencounterbothscientificandtechnicallimits,whichiswhytheindustryisexploringanumberofalternativedevicetechnologies.decade/'dekeɪd/approach/ə'prəʊtʃ/ “Thompsonrecognizedandexploitedalltheingredientsofasuccessfulamusementride.”writesJudithAAdamsinTheAmericanAmusementParkIndustry.“Hiscoasterscombinedanappearanceofdangerwithactualsafety,thrilledriderswi