江苏省靖江中学、华罗庚中学2023-2024学年高三上学期第一次阶段考试英语试卷

2023-2024学年度第一学期10月阶段检测高三英语（联考）试卷本试卷分第I卷选择题和第II卷非选择题两部分；满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第I卷选择题（三部分，共95分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）5ABC10Howdidthewomanfindouttheplace?ShelearneditontheInternet.Shefounditonherwaytowork.Sheknewaboutitfromhercolleague.Whocouldhavemadethereservation?A.B.Burton. C.David.WhatdoesSamusuallyorder?A.Coffee. B.C.Wine.Whatdoesthewomanrecycle?A.Glass. B.C.Plastic.Whoisthemanprobably?A.Ahairdresser. B.Adressmaker. C.Adoctor.第二节(共15小题:每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5,A.B、C三,,你将有时间阅读各个小题,5秒钟。听完后,5话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Jealous. B.Delighted. C.Disappointed.Whatisthewomangoingtodothisevening?A.Playbowling. B.Stayathome. C.Gotothetheater.听下面一段对话，回答8、9小题。Whatisthescarfmadeof?A.Cotton. B.C.Silk.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome. B.Inanoffice. C.Inashopping听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。Whywasthewomanunabletoattendtheparty?Becauseshelookedafterhergrandfather.BecauseshewenttoaBecauseshehadaheadache.Howlongdidthepartylast?A.About3hours. B.About3.5hours. C.About4.5hours.Whatimpressedthemanmostintheparty?A.Theatmosphere. B.Thefood. C.Themusic.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。Whywasbrothercrying?Mikedidn’tlethisbrotherplaywithhistoys.Mikedidn’tplaywithhisbrother.Mikedidn’tgivehisbrother’sthingsback.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofbehavior?A.Unselfish. B.Unfriendly. C.Unusual.WhatdoesthewomanadviseMiketodo?A.makeansharebemorecareful.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson. B.Fatheranddaughter. C.Brotherand听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。Whatisthewomandoing?Hostingaprogram.Havingherbicyclerepaired.ConductingamarketWhatdidSmithdobeforeopeningthebicycleshop?A.Herepairedbicycles. B.Heservedasaconsultant.C.Heworkedasasalesman.Whydidthemanopenabicycleshop?Hewantedtobehisownboss.Hefounditmoreprofitable.Hedidn’twanttobeintoomuchdebt.Whatdowelearnaboutthepeopleworkingintheshop?Theyworkfivedaysaweek.Theyareallthefriends.Theyarepaidbythe第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）（共152.5分，满分7.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AClubInformationArtOurweeklylifedrawingsessionsarearelaxingenvironmentforyourartisticabilitytodevelopandmeetothercreativesouls.Nopriorexperienceofartisrequiredtojoinbecausewebelieveartshouldbeforall.MeetingTime:TuesdaysLearnmoreatart.soc@Anglo-ChineseareaculturallyawareanddiverseclubdevotedtopromotingChineseandBritishculturebycreating“ahomeawayfromhome”.aimtopromoteculturalexchangeandmeetawesomepeople.Joiningusiscompletelyfree.welcomeeveryonetojoinusandparticipateinouractivities.MeetingTime:ThursdaysLearnmoreatanglochinese.soc@Bandexisttohelpbringtogethermusiciansofeverygenre.aimtopromotelivemusicandhelpmusiciansfindbandmates.PleasejointheBandSocgroupbypressingtheblueGroupbutton,whichhasallthelatestupdatesandevents.Pleasealsoconsiderbuyingmembershiptosaveafewpoundsatevents.MeetingTime:MondaysLearnmoreatband.soc@Backstageareagroupofstudentswhoarepassionateabouttheatre.provideboththebasicsoftheatreandvoluntarytheatreservicesinTheRileySmithTheatre.Backstageisn’tjustaboutthetheatre,though.alsorunatriponceayeartoamusicalofourchoice.MeetingTime:FridaysLearnmoreatbackstage.soc@Whichclubcanyoujointoraiseyourcross-culturalawareness?A.Art. B.Anglo-Chinese. C.Band. D.22．HowcanyougetdiscountsatBandevents?A.BybecomingaB.Bybringingabandmate.C.ByjoiningtheGroup. D.Bybookingaticketonweekdays.23．Whichwebsitecanhelpyoulearnaboutdrama?A.art.soc@. B.anglochinese.soc@.C.band.soc@. D.backstage.soc@.BItwasn’tuntilIgraduatedfromcollegethatIsubsequentlyrealizedthatknowledgeissoendlessthatIwasabletolearnforpleasure.Asenseofratherthanperfectionism,guidedme.Istartedtoseedictionariesasfieldguidestothelifeoflanguage.LookingupwordsencounteredinthewildfeltlesslikeafailureandmorelikeanadmissionthatIstilldidn’tknowlotsofthingsandanopportunitytodiscovermore.Iherishmy1954copyofNewInternationalDictionarygivenbymyroommate.IoftenconsultitduringtheeveninggamesofScrabbleormiddaymagazinereading.Imostlyreadnovelsatnight,inbed,sowhenIcomeacrossunfamiliarwords,Ifoldthebottomofthepageandthenlookthemupwordbyword.WhenIstartencounteringthesewords,thelanguageworldseemstoshrinktothesizeofasmalltown.Wikipediaanswersquestionswithmorequestions,openinguppagesofinformationyouneveraskedButadictionarybuildsoncommonknowledge,usingsimplewordstoexplainmorecomplexones.UsingonefeelsasifI’mopeninganoyster(牡蛎)withcuriosity.Unknownwordsbecomemysteries,andsolvingthemgivesmesatisfaction.Whyalwaysleavethemuptoguesswork?Whynotconsultadictionaryandfeeltheinstantcontentmentofpairingcontextwithadefinition?Dictionariesrewardyouforpayingattention,bothtothethingsyouconsumeandtoyourowncuriosity.Theyareanentranceintothekindofchildishurgetojustknowthings,whichIhadbeforelearningbecameadutyinsteadofagame.Formostofyou,dictionariesareagatewayintothatkindofunconsideredknowledge-seeking.Theyremindyouthat,whenitcomestolearning,allowingyourcuriosityisjustasimportantaspayingattention.Afterall,isn’tcuriosityreallyjustanotherformofattention?Followingyourcuriosityinsteadofpushingitconsultyourdictionaryandfeelconnectedtomorethanrightinfrontofyou.Whatdoesconsultingdictionariesmeantotheauthor?Aguidetoshapehischaracter.Acompleteadmissionoffailure.Achancetoexploretheunknown.Auniquewayofperfectinghimself.Whatdoes“cherish”underlinedinparagraph2mean?A.Lose. B.Prize. C.Edit. D.Publish.WhyisWikipediamentionedinparagraph3?showadvantagesofdictionaries.indicatetheimportanceofroduceanotherpowerfullearningvethebenefitsofusingthesearchengine.Whatdoestheauthortrytodointhelastparagraph?A.Makeanappeal. B.Raisedoubts.C.Giveawarning. D.Expressthanks.COnJune22,1927,CharlesLindberghflewintoDayton,OhiooftheUS,fordinneratOrvilleWright’shouse.Ithadbeenjustamonthsincetheyoungaviator(飞行家)completedthefirsteversolononstopcrossingoftheAtlantic,andhefeltheoughttopayhisrespectstothecelebratedpioneerofflight.Forty-twoyearslater,onJuly16,1969,Apollo11astronautNeilArmstrongwasallowedtobringapersonalguesttotheKennedySpaceCentertowitnessthelaunchofNASA’stoweringSaturnVrocket.Armstronginvitedhishero,CharlesLindbergh.Oneman,Lindbergh,couldbethelivinglinkbetweenthepilotofthefirstpoweredflightandthecommanderofthefirstmissiontoanotherworld.Inourforbetterorworse,progressisn’twhatitusedtobe.NorthwesternUniversityeconomistRobertGordonarguesthatby1970,allthekeytechnologiesofmodernlifewereinplace:electricity,mechanizedagriculture,highways,airtravel,telecommunications,andthelike.Afterthat,innovationandeconomicgrowthsimplycouldn’tkeepgoingatthebreakneckpacesetovertheprevious100years—aperiodGordoncalls“thespecialcentury.”Since1970theonlynotablecreationhasbeentheever-growingincreaseincomputingpowerintheformoftheInternetandourmobiledevices.Butinmostotherways,Gordonargues,thelivesofpeopleindevelopednationslookandfeelthesamein2019astheydidin1979or1989.Considerconsumerrobotics.There’senormouspotentialforrobotstohelpuswithhousework,education,entertainmentandmedicalcare.Buthomeroboticscompaniesseemtokeepfolding.Sotheonlycommerciallysuccessfulhomerobot,theRoombavacuumcleaner,hitthemarketin2002.Orconsideraccesstospace.In2007theXPRIZEFoundationoffered$30millioninprizestocommercialteamsthatwouldcompetetolandaroboticroveronthemoonby2018.Althoughfiveteamshadbuiltrovers,allhadtroubleraisingenoughmoneytobuylaunchcontracts.Meanwhilethelistofpotentiallyworld-changingtechnologiesthatgetlotsofpressinkbutremainstubbornlyintheprototype(雏形)phaseisverylong.Self-drivingcars,flyingcars,genetherapy,nuclearfusion.NeedIcontinue?Granted,theseareallhardproblems.Buthistorically,solvingthereallybigproblems—ruralelectrification,forexample—hasrequiredsustained,large-scaleinvestments,oftenwithprivatemarketsandtaxpayerssplittingtheburden.Inthiscentury,weurgentlyneedtoundosomeoftheconsequencesofthelastgreatboombydevelopingaffordablezero-andnegative-emissionstechnologies.That’sanotherhardproblem—andtosolveit,we’llneedtorecapturesomeofwhatmadethe“specialcentury”sospecial.Inthebeginningofthepassage,theauthorusedthestoryCharlesLindbergto.explaintechnologyadvancedfastinthepast100yearsinfermostaviatorsarelikelytoknoweachotherwellprovethismanwasakeyhistoricfigureofthepastcenturypointoutweshouldbegratefultosuchapioneeringinventorWhydoesRobertGordoncallthepast100years“thespecialcentury”?Computingpowerkeepsgrowingatahighspeed.NewthingskeepcominguptomakelifeHumanlifehasbecomehighlymechanized.Peoplehavebeentrainedtobemorecreative.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheexampleofaccesstospaceinparagraph7?Biginnovationscan’tbeachievedwithoutconstantfinancialsupport.Technologicaldevelopmentcan’tbegainedifitisnotappliedpractically.Scientificprojectsarenotconsideredvaluableunlesscommerciallysuccessful.Newcreationsarenotworthmakingunlesssignificantlyimprovinglives.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthepassage?Sustainedandlarge-scaleinvestmentsarehardertogetnowthanbefore.Peoplearefacingatimewithmoredifficultproblemsthanitusedtobe.Majortechnologicalshiftsarefewerandfartherbetweenthantheywere.Solutionstothereallybigproblemsarefewerthanwecouldexpect.DAnewstudyrevealsnewcluesaboutthesubtle(微妙的)butpreviouslypoorlyunderstoodevolutionarydancehappeningbetweentemperaturesandchangesinthesizeofanimalbodyparts.Thenewresearchoffersimportantinsightsabouthowbirdsmayadapttotherapidriseintemperaturesdrivenbyglobalclimatechange.ForthestudyinNatureCommunications,theresearcherslookedatnearly7,000speciesofterrestrialnonmigratorybirds—whichisnearlytwo-thirdsofallbirdspecies—andfocusedonhowbirdspecieshasevolvedinambienttemperature(温度的梯度)andotherfactorsofselection.Twowidelyaccepted“rules”inbiologyindicatethataslocaltemperatureschange,animalsarelikelytoadjustheattransfercapabilitiesbychangingthesizeoftheirbodiesandextremities(四肢).BiologistCarlBergmann’srulestatesthatcolderclimatesspawnbiggerbodiesbecausetheyhelpkeepheatwhilesmallerbodieshelpshedit.Asaresult,apolarbearismorethan21/2timesastallattheshoulderasasunbearfromequatorialregions.ZoologistJoelAsaphruledealswithextremities,suchaslimbs,ears,andbeaks,statingthatanimalsincolderclimatestendtohavesmallerextremitiesbecauseextremitiestendtohavemoresurfacethanvolumeandareuniquelysuitedtoshedheat.Forexample,arctichareshaveevolvedshortlegsandears,whereasdesertjackrabbitshaveevolvedverylonglegsandears.“Theproblemisthateverythingweknowaboutecologytellsusthatchangingthesizeofbodiesandextremitiescanbeproblematic,”saysleadauthorCarlosBotero,anassociateprofessorofintegrativebiologyattheUniversityofatAustin.Forexample,ifbodysizedecreases,birdsmaynotbeabletohuntthesamefoodastheirancestors.Similarly,iftheaveragesizeorshapeofabillchanges,birdsmaybecomelessefficientforagers(觅食者)orhavetroubleproducingtypicalmatingcalls.Itisnotsurprisingthatmanypriorstudieshavefailedtofindevidenceforthesepredictionsandthattheseso-calledbiologicalrulesarecurrentlycontroversial.ThenewstudycouldclarifythatdebatebyshowingthatalthoughthepatternsthatBergmannandAllenpredictedoccurinthewild,thetwoseparatemechanismscomplementeachother.Whatisthenewstudyabout?Thetworulesproposedbypreviousresearchers.Thedifferencesbetweenanimalsincoldandwarmareas.Theeffectglobalclimatechangehasonanimals’foraging.Thewaybirdsevolveinresponsetotherisingtemperature.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spawn”inparagraph4probablymean?A.makefor B.bringin C.arisefrom D.wipeoutAccordingtothepassage,thebirdsinthecolderareastendtohave .A.biggerbodiesandlongerlegs. B.biggerbodiesandshorterlegs.C.smallerbodiesandlongerlegs. D.smallerbodiesandshorterlegs.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Thetworuleswithseparatemechanismsarecontradictory.Thenewstudycombinesthepriorstudiesandthetworules.Thenewstudyprovidessupportingevidenceforthetworules.Thetworulesshowanimalschangethebodysizetokeepheat第二节（共5个小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ArtificialIntelligenceDevelopsanEarforBirdsongcanlearnalotfromnatureifwelistentoitmore—andscientistsaroundtheworldaretryingtodojustthat.Frommountainpeakstooceandepths,biologistsareplantingaudiorecorderstoeavesdrop(窃听)onthewhistlesandsongsofwhales,elephants,batsandespeciallybirds.Thissummer,forexample,over2,000electronicearswillrecordthesoundscapeofCalifornia’sSierraNevadamountainrange.36“Audiodataisarealtreasurebecauseitcontainsvastamountsofinformation,”saysecologistConnoraCornellUniversitypostdoctoralresearcher,whoisleadingtheSierraNevadaproject.justneedtothinkcreativelyabouthowtoshareandaccessthatinformation.”37Fortunatelythelatestgenerationofmachine-learningAIsystemscanprocessthousandsofhoursofdatainlessthanaStefanKahl,amachine-learningexpertatCornell’sCenterforConservationBioacousticsandChemnitzUniversityofinbuiltoneofthemostpopularavian-sound-recognitionsystemsusedteamwillrelyonBirdNETtoanalyzetheSierraNevadarecordings.38Theneuralnetworkthenteachesitselfwhichfeaturescanbeusedtoassociateaninput(inthiscase,abird’scall)withalabel(theidentity).39Althoughtheyanalyzeaudiomuchmorequicklythanhumans,theystilllagbehindinfilteringoutoverlappingsoundstohomeinonasignalofinterest.SomeresearchersseethisasthenextproblemforAItotackle.Eventhecurrentimperfectversions,however,enablesweepingprojectsthatwouldbefartootime-consumingforhumanstotacklealone.“40.”says.A．Awealthofsuchdataalreadyexistsforcommonbirds.B．Theyaltogetherwillgeneratenearlyamillionhoursofaudio.Thesemachine-learningAIsystemsstillhaveroomforimprovement.Suchrecordingscancreatevaluablesnapshots简介ofanimalcommunities.Thisisatrickyproblembecauseittakeshumansalongtimetodecoderecordings.Suchsystemsstartbyanalyzinghundredsofrecordedbirdcalls,each“labeled”withitscorrespondingspecies.likeBirdNETallowustodreambig.第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节：完形填空（共15个小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Morethananything,thisisabookaboutunconditionallove—abondbetweenacaringwomanandaloyaldog.Harley’sHarlequinHeartwrittenbyChristyJaegerand41throughthenarration(叙述)ofshowswhythepoweroflovecanovercomethe42thatispartofeverylifeHarleytakesusalongonallhis43withhisownerJaeger—fromgrowingup,beingtrained,togoingtodogshows.ThenoneHarleyisdiagnosedwithboneFortunately,enoughtimetoexplore44.“Jaegertoldmeeveryonehasasixthsense,which45themwhensomething’snotright.Lookingback,I’mgladshepaidattentiontoher46warning.”Throughthissmartdog47.Itisn’teasyandhetellsusabouthispainandfears.Butchancesof48lookpromising.Afterthisexperience,Harley49realizesthatwhensomeonehascancer,theentirefamilywill50.However,allthepeopleplayingapartintheprocessformanunbreakableconnection.Harley’s51withcancermightconcernadultsconsideringreadingthisbookwiththeirchildren.ButJaegerprovidessuchapositiveperspectivethatthereissomuchmorereasonto52thisbook.Besides,ithelpsgreatlythatthebookhasa53ending.AsJaegernotes,“Thebookspreadslovetous.Thissmallelementcanbe54inthehumanandanimalworlds.”Lovecandefeatall.That55couldn’tbeanyclearerthaninthiswonderfulbook.A.explained B.presented C.designed D.includedA.misfortune B.unease C.inconvenience D.discomfortA.packages B.dreams C.burdens D.adventuresA.mysteries B.problems C.cures D.challengesA.forbids B.hits C.informs D.warnsA.active B.inner C.useful D.suddenA.pushesthrough B.bendsdown C.cheersup D.getsoffA.success B.recovery C.victory D.survivalA.innocently B.automatically C.gradually D.accidentallyA.suffer B.behave C.perform D.delayA.competing B.battling C.continuing D.mixingA.possess B.close C.share D.printA.sad B.happy C.ridiculous D.unusualA.decisive B.logical C.attractive D．influentialA.meaning B.principle C.message D.expression第II卷非选择题（三部分，共55分）第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词括号内单词的正确形式。ItcantakealittleimaginationtoseehowsomeinnovationsmightchangeanNotsowiththelatestAltools.Itiseasy—fromawriter’sperspective,uncomfortablyso—56(think)ofcontextsinwhichsomethinglikeacleverchatbotwhich 57 (take)thewebbystormsinceitsreleaseinNovember2022,couldeitherdramaticallyboostahumanworker’sproductivityorreplacethemoutright.TheChatGPTinitsnamestandsfor“generativepre-trainedtransformer”,oflanguagemodel.

8 isaparticularkind59(feed)hugeamountsofhuman-createdtext,ChatGPTlooksforstatisticalregularitiesinthisdata,learnswhatwordsandphrases60(associate)withothersandthereforepredictwhatwordsshouldcomenextinanygivensentenceand61sentencesfittogether.Theresultisamachinethatcanpersuasivelymimic(模仿)humanlanguage.Thiscapacity62mimicry(模仿)allowsChatGPTtowriteessaysandthinkupjokes,formulatecode,andanswerquestionswhethertoachildoranexpert.Itsperformanceissoastonishing63manyoverthepastmonthshavebeenbothcelebratingandpanicking.“Essaysaredead,”wrotethecognitivescientistKietzmann.OthersclaimthatitwillfinishoffGoogleasasearchengine.Andtheprogram64（it） thinksitmaybeabletoreplacehumansinjobsfrominsuranceagenttocourtreporter.Nevertheless,thereisan65(underlie)problemthatfacesanyformofartificialintelligence.Acomputermanipulates(处理)symbols.Itsprogramspecifiesasetofruleswithwhichtotransformonestringofsymbolsintoanother,ortorecognizestatisticalpatterns.Butitdoesnotspecifywhatthosesymbolsorpatternsmean.acomputer,meaningisirrelevant.ChatGPT“knows”whatap