专接本英语学习笔记

河北省专科接本科教育英语考试大纲评价目标:考试考查应试者对于英语词汇、语法的掌握与运用以及阅读理解能力.考试对应试者的英语词汇,英语语法知识和阅读理解能力的要求分别如下:1．词汇应试者应认知3400个左右的英语单词和短语(其中的1800个单词要求活用式掌握)。在这3400个单词中，1800个单词和短语属中学已经学过的,另外1600个单词和短语属专科期间要求掌握的.要求应试者对已学过的单词和短语能够正确发音和应用.2.语法应试者应懂得英语基本语法结构和常用句型,能正确理解用这些结构和句型写成的句子。要求掌握的基本语法知识包括:1）英语句子的基本语序及意义;2)英语句子的结构和常用句型;3)各种时体的变化及意义;4)各种从句的构成和意义;5)句子之间的所指,省略,替代,重复及逻辑关系.3.阅读理解能力应试者应能综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能来理解一般的英语书面材料.阅读能力主要包括下列几个方面:1)所读材料的主旨和大意;2)了解阐述主旨的事实和细节;3)根据上下文判断某些词语和短语的意义;4)既理解个别句子的意义,也理解上下文之间的逻辑关系;5)根据所读材料进行一定的判断,推理和引申;6)领会作者的观点,意图和态度.4.写作能力:应试者能够在15分钟内按要求写出一篇句子通顺并且不少于100字的英语短文.专接本应试指导专接本考试题型、题量和分值一览表题型题量每题分值总分语音515情景对话（短、长各五）5152110词汇和结构20120阅读理解20240完型填空20120写作12201015合计86120120单词辨音解题技巧单词辨音常见方法：分类选择法、对照选择法、分类排列法等。由于英语单词的拼法和读音之间有差异，因此就要求我们不仅能辨认音标，而且要掌握每个音标的正确读音，从而正确拼读出每一个单词。正确做好单词辨音，最重要的是先理清题意，辨清是哪一种类型，然后看清每题考察的是哪一个字母或字母组合的发音。简而言之，弄清考查题意和范围，是单词辨音题的基本解题思路。试解几题，以加深印象。从下列各组单词中，找出一个与括号里所给单词划线部分发音相同的单词。1)（forgot）A.factorB.lavatoryC.watchD.fashion2)(sunny)A.businessB.rubbishC.trueD.huge3)(orderly)A.doctorB.worldlyC.workerD.ordinary4)(forest)A.forecastB.foreignC.forelegD.forefather下列各组单词的划线部分有三个读音相同，另一个读音不同，请找出这个单词。1）A.suggestionB.revolutionC.actionD.promotion2)A.industrialB.industryC.publishD.public3)A.yellowB.rowC.arrowD.follow4)A.comradeB.palaceC.villageD.ordinary5)A.combB.tombC.timberD.bomber要做好单词辨音题，还应熟记读音特殊的单词，这是单词辨音题的关键。如：al在下列单词中的读音就该多加注意:talkhalfhalveshalt;ear:beardtear(vt.)bearheardheart;ea:beatheadleadgreatbreakfaststeak;ee:fleetsleetcoffee;oo:foodfloodfoot;ie:believerelievefriend;ch:teacherresearchmachinetechnical;omb:bombcombtomb;lowhowrow;以下请予格外关注:ea:heatseatleaveleadbreatheheadbreakfastspreadbreathleadgreatbreaksteakcreatecreationcreativityforeheadou:groupsouproutemouthsouthloudsoutherncountryyoungshouldersoulau:auntlaughautumncausefaultie:pieceniecefieldcitiesladiesfriendfriendshipfriendlylietieei:weightfeintreceivedeceiveseizeceilingveilingreceiptheightreich((德)帝国)foreignsovereign(君主)oo:goodbookcookfoodcoolbloodfloodear:hearclearfeargearbeardtearbearpearweartearheardheartour:hourfloursourhonourcolourjournaljourneytouristtourismtourpourmourn(哀悼)Itneverrainsbutitpours.nourish(养育,施肥)flourish(兴旺)ur:turnnursehurtsurfacesurplussurprisesurviveal:halfcalmpalmwallcallhaltchalktalkwalkng:fingerlongeryoungerstrongersingerth:bathpathbreadthclothbreathebatheclothetion:suggestionquestionrevolutionactionevolutionsion:revisiontelevisionved:askedlookedstoppednakedwantedneededc,g,s,x:citydecidenicebicyclecouragecavecuriouscreamtricycleexerciseexittextexampleexaminationexistexactg:agegiantluggagevillagetechnologyhugebagpighugeggs:fastmapsgrassreasonnosemeasurepleasuresureinsureensureassureoccasionb:climblambsubtledoubttombcombbombh:hourhonorhonestw:answerswordwritetwowrongk:knifekneeknockknowkneelknowledge2.情景对话情景对话——语境化试题主要检测考生用英语进行话语交际的能力。这类试题多为日常生活中的交际用语，具有强烈的感情色彩和灵活多变、简练等特点。如果考生不把自己“设身处地”于语境中，不了解英美人的文化、生活习惯，单靠死记硬背语法条目，答题正确率就不会高。因此，关注英汉文化差异是答对这类试题的不二法门。以下是需要注意之处：A:短对话1)忌用汉语思维习惯代替英语思维习惯1.-Ihopeyoudon’tmindmypointingoutyourmistake.-_____________________________A.Ofcourse.B.Notatall.C.Youarewelcome.D.Yes,Idon’t.2.-Doyoumindmytakingthisseat?-______________________.A.Yes,sitdown,please.B.No,ofcoursenotC.Yes,takeitplease.D.No,youcan’ttakeit.3.-Ilikeyourearrings.-________________.A.No,Iambeingflattered.B.Thanks.IgottheminMexicolastyear.C.No,theyarenotgoodatall.D.Youarekidding,aren’tyou?4.–Oh,youspeakverygoodEnglish.A.Yes,myEnglishisquitefluent.B.No,no,myspokenEnglishisverypoor.C.Thanks,Iamproudofit.D.Thankyou,butthereisstillmuchtobeimprovedinmyspokenEnglish.BBBD2)忌生搬硬套语法规则1.-Ifyouwon’tdoit,_______.A.nordoIB.neithershallIC.neitherIdoD.neitherIshall2.-Isshegoingtoschool?-No,____________________.A.shedoesn’tB.she’scyclingC.shegetsbybusD.totheshop3.-Ididn’tpassthemonthlyexam!-________nexttime,andyou’llsucceed.A.ToworkhardB.WorkhardC.WorkinghardD.Hard-working4.-Let’sgoforafilmshow.-_____________.A.YesB.No,Iwouldn’tC.Yes,IwouldD.Allright,let’sBDBD3)忌不了解英美人的文化习俗1.YouthinkthenewEnglishwomanteacherisveryyoungandwanttoknowhowoldsheis,youshouldsay_____________A.Howoldareyou?B.Pleasetellmehowoldyouare.C.Weallthinkyoulookyoung.D.Whenwereyouborn?2.-Haveagoodflight?-_________________.A.Notatallbad,thankyouB.I’mgladtohearthat.C.Youtoo.D.Thesametoyou.3.-Youhaveagoodsenseofhumor.A.Really?Youareflatteringme.B.Thankyou.C.Youarekidding,aren’tyou?D.No,notatall.4.-Thecakeisreallydelicious.-________________.A.No,ithasbeenspoiled.B.Youmustbemakingajokeaboutme.C.Thanks,butitdidn’tturnoutexactlyright.D.No,it’snothingbutanordinarycake.CABC4)忌只注意孤立句子的语法正确，而忽略了语境所表达的完整确切的意义1.-Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation;itwassonear.-Yes.Ataxi_____________atallnecessary.A.wasn’tB.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn’tbeD.won’t2.-Youneedn’thaveworriedabouthimyesterdaybecause___________acrosstheriver.-Butitissaidthathewascapturedbythepoliceyesterday.A.HecouldswimB.HewasabletoswimC.HewouldhaveswumD.Hehadswum3.-_______________,Iwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastnight.A.WerenotItoatesttomorrowB.IfIdidnottakeatesttomorrowC.WereInottotakeatesttomorrowD.IfIwasnottakingatesttomorrow4.-Look!Thehouseisinatrriblemess.-__________________.A.Itmustn’thavebeencleanedB.ItmightnothavebeenclenedC.Itcan’thavebeencleanedD.Itcouldhavebeencleaned5.Isupposeheisnotyettwenty,____?A.don’tIB.doIC.isheD.isn’the6.Idon’tthinkheisuptothejob,____?A.don’tIB.doIC.isn’theD.isheABCCCD5)忌不注意语境中某些词组、短语、句型的习惯用法1.-Doyouknowourtownatall?-No,thisisthefirsttimeI________here.A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcoming2.-Don’tbesohasty.Takeyourtime,boy.-__________________.A.Here’smineB.HereitisC.Thankyou,IwillD.I’mafraid3.-Iwasluckyactually,becauseitwasthethirdtimeI_______Chinathatyear.A.havevisitedB.visitedC.hadvisitedD.wouldvisit4.-ShethoughtIwastalkingaboutherdaughter,__________infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.A.whomB.whereC.whichD.whileBCCDB:长对话长对话除了需要注意上述五点之外，还要注意对话的主题与前后文的衔接，避免跑题及前言不搭后语。SampleAA:Haven’tseenyouforalongtime.Gladtoseeyou,Mary.B:______11________A:IwonderifyouarefreenextFridayevening.B:Oh,_____12_______Why?A:We’llhaveaneveningpartythatnight.AndI____13________totakepartinit.B:Thankyou.I’lltrytoattendit.A:___14_______Seeyou!B:_____15________A.nothingspecial.B.Gladtoseeyou,too.C.Howdoyoudo?D.It’swonderful.E.Seeyouthen.F.Hopetoseeyouthatnight!G.havethepleasureofinvitingyouBAGFESampleBA:CanIhelpyou,madam?B:Yes.______11_______.Howmuchisit?A:30pounds.B:Oh.______12______Anditlookstoobigforme.A:Yes,itis.It’sXL.B:Howmuchisthatdressoverthere?Theshortgreenone.A:15pounds.B:Ah,that’snottooexpensive.____13______A:ButIthinkit’snotbigenoughforyou,madam._____14_________B:Yes,thisistoosmallforme.Haveyousomethinglikethis,butbigger?Iamofmediumsize.A:_____15________A.Andthecolorisverynice.B.Justamoment,please,madam.C.Waithere,please.D.Ilikethisbluedress.E.it’ssmallsize.F.That’squitecheap.G.That’squiteexpensive.DGAEB3.词汇与结构PartA:专接本大纲对词汇题部分的要求与学习方法、考试技巧〈考试大纲〉规定考试要求考生们“领会式掌握3,４0０单词（其中活用式掌握的单词为２0００），以及由这些词构成的常用词组１６００条（其中包含中学所学的单词和词组）”。并且“有按基本构词法识别生词的能力”。当然，还必须具有较高的阅读理解能力和猜词能力。词汇是语言的基础，掌握词汇并能熟练地掌握其用法，是提高英语水平的根本，也是在应试中提高选项命中率的正确途径。对往年试题分析表明，在试题的词汇与语法结构30小题中，词汇约占一半以上，其中名词（包括后面要求跟的固定介词搭配的形容词）及副词3-4题，介词短语2-3。而其中动词和动词短语占词汇题的近半数。因而在对词汇进行全面复习的基础上，要突出重点，以动词和动词短语为中心，注意搭配，务求达到熟练掌握的目的。在解题时，首先要读完全句，理解大意。然后判断空格处所需的词类，再利用所掌握的应试技巧进行解题。可采用排除法，即不符合题意的选项逐一排除，最后剩下可选选项。也可采用分析法，即抓住考题中的关键信息，避免干扰项的迷惑，或对考题中不认识的难度较高的词汇从前缀、后缀或词根等分析其构词特点以解其意。现从试题的备选选项的类别来进行分析。备选选项为形近异义词这类考题的备选选项词形相近，而意义不同。应试这类考试，应准确地掌握每个词的确切含义，方能选出正确的选项。例如：1.I’dliketo_____aseatfortheNewYear’sConcert.A.preserveB.reserveC.serveD.conservepreserve意为保护，保存，腌制；reserve意为储备，保留，预定；serve意为为…服务，供应（饭菜）；conserve意为保护，保存，用糖腌制。根据句意可知这里指预定座位，故应选B为答案。2.Acompletelynewsituationwill_______whentheexaminationsystemcomesintoexistence.A)ariseB)riseC)raiseD)arouse首先从句子的结构判断出空格中需填入一不及物动词。选项C)raise“举起”和D)arouse“引起，唤醒”可排除。选项A)arise和B)rise是两个极容易混淆的词，它们不仅词形和读音相近，而且又都是不及物动词。因而要选出正确的选项应从它们的词义出发。选项A)arise意为“出现、发生”，B)rise意为“升起，上涨”。选项A)arise符合题意。3.Newtechniqueshavebeen______toimprovethequalityoftheproducts.A)adaptedB)adoptedC)admittedD)adjusted4.WhenIaskedhimtohaveadrinkwithme,hesaidhewasinahurryandnotaminuteto_____________.A)spendB)saveC)spareD)share5.Therewasa____growthoftheheavyindustriesduringthewar.A)considerateB)consideredC)consideringD)considerable6.Youcan’taffordtoletthesituationgetworse.Youmusttake____toputitright.A)decisionsB)directionsC)sidesD)steps7.Socialevilswerefundamentallycausedby______inequality.A)economyB)economicalC)economicD)economics8.Wearebusychoosing_______subjectsthisterm.A)optimisticB)opponentC)orbitD)optional9.Thestudent_____theteacherbyraisinghisquestions.A)interruptedB)interpretedC)interviewedD)interfered10.Heiswealthybutheisnot____tothepoor.A)liableB)liberateC)libertyD)liberal3-10BCDDCDAA备选选项为异形异义词这类考题所设置的选项，词类相同，但词形、词义完全不相同。用以测试考生的认词能力，要作出正确的选择，首先要有词汇量；其次要能读懂题意，在认识词的基础上，一定要紧密结合题意。例如：1.Hemadesucha______contributiontotheuniversitythattheyarenamingoneofthenewbuildingsafterhim.A)genuineB)minimumC)modestD)generous选项A)genuine意为“真实的,真诚的”；B)minimum“最少的，最低的”C)modest“适中的，不过分的”D)generous“慷慨的”。根据题意，选择D)generous为正确答案。首先所填入的形容词必须能修饰空格后的“捐款”，而且此笔“捐款”使得人们“打算将一座新建筑以他的名字命名”。2.Thethief_______toshootmeifIdon’tgivehimmymisedB)refusedC)beggedD)threatened3.Don’thopeto____Englishinacoupleofyears.Ittakestime.A)graspB)masterC)holdD)seize4.Thestorysaysthatourcalendar_____thedawnofcivilization.A)datedbackinB)datesbacktoC)datesbackfromD)datedbackat5.Thebeststudentineachclasswill____aprizeattheendofthesemester.A)catchB)possessC)acceptD)receivecatchsb.red-handed6.HespokesofastthatIdidn’t_______whathesaid.A)missB)catchC)listenD)receive7.Wecouldn’t__________himofhismistakes.A)persuadeB)adviseC)convinceD)believe8.Wecouldnotaffordtorentahouselikethat,________it.A)letalonetobuyB)letalonebuyC)tosaynothingtobuyD)saynothingbuying“更不用说”的用法归纳：tosaynothingof;nottospeakof;nottomention;still\muchless;letalonedo9.Whenyourewritetheparagraph,Iadviseyouto___thelastsentenceasitwasrathermisleading.A)pointoutB)makeoutC)leaveoutD)putout10.Hewas________ofhavingaskedsuchasillyquestion.A)sorryB)guiltyC)ashamedD)miserableKeys:1.D2.B3.D4.B5.D6.B7.C8.B9.C10.C备选选项为近义词或同义词这类题的备选选项词形相异，但意思相近，虽然概念相同或相近但其含义和用法仍存在细微差别。所以对于此类考题应把握名词的真正的内涵，并要从用法、使用场合和搭配结构上进行分析，最后再作出判断。例如：1.Inthedrivingclass,Jackmadeslowbut____progress.A.steadyB.staticC.stableD.stillStillwatersrundeep.Abarkingdogseldombites.2.Freemedicaltreatmentinthiscountrycoverssicknessofmindaswellas___sicknesses.A.normalB.regularC.averageD.ordinary选项D.ordinary意为“普通的，一般的”，符合题意。而其它三个选项虽然在一定的语境中可以是ordinary的同义词，但它们的含义不同。选项A.normal作“正常的，平常的”即“按照通常的情况”，B.regular意为“通常的，常规的”C.average“平常的，普遍的”。3.Childrenwhoareover-protectedbytheirparentsmaybecome____.A.hurtB.damagedC.spoiledD.harmed这四个选项都有“受伤害”的意思，选项A.hurt指对身体或感情“伤害”;B.damage指物品受“损害”或遭“毁坏”；C.spoiled若指人意为“宠坏的，溺爱的”；D.harmed指“对某人或某物有害处”。根据句意，选项C)spoiled符合题意：那些受到父母过分照顾的孩子容易被宠坏。4.Manypeoplecomplainoftherapid____ofmodernlife.A.rateB.speedC.paceD.growth四个选项都和“速度”有关系。选项A.rate意为“速率”；B.speed意为“速度”，表示事物进行的速度；C.pace意为“节奏，步伐”，其基本意思是步行的速度；D.growth意为“发展，增长”。所以选项C.pace符合题意：许多人抱怨现代生活的节奏太快。5.Itsuddenly_____tohimthathisfathermighthavegonebankrupt.A.happenedB.tookplaceC.occurredD.arose选项A.(意外的)发生,happento(不幸、意外降临到……)；B.举行,发生;C.发生,出现,occurto被想到；D.出现,发生。根据题干中空格后的to可知,考生只能在A\C中选择,再考虑句意,C符合题意,故选C。6.Thesuspectwas_______withattemptingtosmuggledrugs.A.accusedB.challengedC.chargedD.scolded7.Hewrotealettertothecompanytoapplyforthat____position.A.emptyB.vacantC.blankD.hollow8.The______foodiscookedandservedmaygreatlyaffecttheappetiteofchildren.A.methodB.processC.wayD.means9.Expertssaywalkingisoneofthebestwaysforapersonto____healthy.A.preserveB.stayC.maintainD.reserve10.Ihopethereis____forthedoctor.A.seatB.roomC.placeD.cornerKeys:6.C7.B8.C9.B10.B动词词组或介词词组动词词组部分的试题主要是由主体部分是同一个动词，后半部分是介词或副词的短语构成。如：makefor,takeafter,occurto;giveriseto,givefullplayto;carryforward,givein,looksb.upanddown,lookforwardto,lookupto,lookdownupon,putupwith,putdown,layoff,takeplace等。这类短语动词大致可分为:1.vt.＋n.＝vi.如：takeplace;takepart;takeone’sleave;2.v.＋adv.＝vt.或vi.如：seeoff;breakout;givein;carryon;putforward;giveup;3.v.＋prep.＝vt.如：setabout;seethrough;askafter;carefor;lookinto;breakthrough;4.v.＋adv.＋prep.＝vt.如：lookdownupon;lookupto;catchupwith;lookforwardto;doawaywith;breakawayfrom;putupwith;5.vt.＋n.＋prep.＝vt.如：givefullplayto;takecareof;makeuseof;giveriseto;putanendto;payattentionto;6.其它方式：makeupone’smind;makesure;getintouchwith;值得注意的是这些词组的意思不是两词或三词词义的简单叠加，而是词组的新义。所以在复习时要经常复习这类短语，并牢牢记住短语本身的含义。例如：1.Thesportsmeetwas_____untilnextFriday.A.putupB.putoutC.putdownD.putoff2.Theengine_____smokeandsteam.A.givesupB.givesinC.givesawayD.givesoff本句是一个简单句：主语+谓语+宾语。宾语是“烟和蒸汽”(smokeandsteam)，空格中要填入谓语动词。选项A.givesup意为“放弃，停止”；B.givesin“屈服，让步”C.givesaway“赠送，泄露”；D.givesoff“释放出”。选项D.givesoff符合题意。3.Importantpeopledon’toftenhavemuchfreetimeastheirwork____alltheirtime.A.takesawayB.takesoverC.takesupD.takesin空格前work(工作)是主句的主语，空格后的alltheirtime（他们所有的时间）为宾语。所以空格中应填入选项C.takesup，意为“占去”，符合题意。选项A.takesaway意为“拿走”；B.takesover“接收，接管”；D.takein“领会，接受，欺骗”。(takeafter)4.Themanagerneedsanassistantthathecan___totakecareofproblemsinhisabsence.A.countonB.countinC.countupD.countout本句中that引导的定语从句，空格中要填入谓语动词，that修饰前面的anassistant（助手）并且作为空格里所填的谓语动词的宾语。选项A.counton意为“依靠，指望”，符合题意；B.countin“把….算入”；C.countup“算出----的总数”；D.countout“把….不算进去”。5.Childrenareverycurious_______.A.atheartB.inpersonC.onpurposeD.bynature空格前意思是：孩子是好奇的。选项D.bynature“天生地，出于本性地”符合题意：孩子生性好奇。选项A.atheart意为“内心里”；B.inperson“亲自，本人”；C.onpurpose“故意地，有意地”。6.Weregrettoinformyouthatthematerialsyouorderedare____.A.outofworkB.outofstockC.outofreachD.outofpractice选项A.outofwork意为“失业”；B.outofstock意为“没有货”，符合题意；我们遗憾地通知你们，你们所定的材料现在没货。选项C.outofreach“达不到，够不着”；D.outofpractice“荒疏，缺乏练习”。7.Aftersayingthat,he____thedoorquickly.A.madeupB.madeforC.madeoutD.madefrom8.Theyoungmanpromisedtohisparents,“Iwouldnever_____again.”A.letyoudownB.letyououtC.letyouinD.letdownyou9.Theforestfirecausedbythevolcanoisdifficulttobe____.A.putoffB.putawayC.putoutD.putup10.Williamhas____hissmokingtofivecigarettesaday.A.cutoffB.cutoutC.cutdownD.cutinKeys:7.B8.A9.C10.C固定搭配固定搭配和动词词组或介词词组一样均属约定俗成的习惯用法，但它们不象那些词组一样已被总结出来可供大家不断复习、牢记。固定搭配一是量大，无法总结，二是它的约定俗成的成分很大，没有什么道理可讲，而且有时还要用到考生其它领域的知识。所以应试这一类考题的唯一办法就是通过多读多看，增强语感，不断地积累。例如：1.______itornot,hisdiscoveryhascreatedastirinscientificcircles.A.BelieveB.TobelieveC.BelievingD.BelievedBelieveitornot是一种固定的用法，意为“信不信由你”或“我说的是真的”。它相当于一个插入语，短语中的believe没有词形变化。所以选A.Believe为正确答案。stiruptroubleFranklyspeaking,heisagoodstudent.2.Thegovernmentistryingtodosomethingto_______betterunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.A.raiseB.promoteC.heightenD.increase空格应填入一个动词，与betterunderstanding搭配。四个选项中只有B.promote“促进”可和betterunderstanding搭配，意为“促进进一步了解”。3.Thestrongstormdidalotofdamagetothecoastalvillages:severalfishingboatswere_______andmanyhousescollapsed.A.wreckedB.spoiledC.tornD.injuredshipwreck和aircrash都是一种固定搭配。分别表示“船只失事”和“飞机失事”，所以选项A.wrecked为正确答案。词汇练习精选示例：1.Theworker’spaymentshouldbein______totheworktheyhavedone.A.cooperationB.connectionC.proportionD.quantity2.Ifeelimmediatesympathyforthewomanwhowas____byherhusband.A.deservedB.desiredC.designedD.deserted3.Wewouldnothavesucceededinsolvingtheproblemwithouttheassistanceyou_____.A.practicedB.preferredC.renderedD.requested4.He’smadeaseriousmistake,anditwassoonnousetryingto______itsseriousness.A.belittleB.undertakeC.minimizeD.underline5.Hehad______thefactthatthebackdoorwasnotlocked.Thethiefgotintothehousefromthebackdoor.A.overheardB.overlookedC.overtakenD.overcome6.Ifthismethoddoesn’twork,wecan_____othermethods.A.fallbackonB.faceuptoC.liveuptoD.catchupwith7.Theeditorofanationalweeklynewsmagazineisgladtohearthatthe_____ofhismagazinehasriseninthepasttenyears.A.consumptionB.respectC.distributionD.circulation8.Theauthor’slivelystyleandtheuseofinterestingillustrations_____theessay’sappeal.A.hanguponB.comedowntoC.addtoD.derivefrom9.Thelanguagebarriermadecommunicationdifficult,butfinally,partofmymessage_______.A.passedawayB.cameupC.wentoverD.gotthrough10.Awriterhasto_______hisimaginationandexperience.A.leaveoutB.stretchoutC.restonD.drawon11.Hewas_____intheaccidentandtakentohospital.A.knockedoutB.knockedoffC.knockedatD.knockedto12.Motherwassoweakafterheroperationthatthedoctorswonderediftheywouldbeableto______herthrough．A.pushB.pullC.saveD.cure13.Mr.Smithis______ofamusician.A.manyB.anythingC.muchD.everything14.Foolsthatweare,weshouldknowbetterthan______thattheopportunitywillbegiventous.A.believeB.believingC.believedD.tobelieve15.Hewasamucholdertennisplayerbuthehadthegreat____ofexperience.A.advantageB.benefitC.profitD.interest16.Ifrequentlyhaveto_____hisgoodsenseandjudgment.WheneverIcan’tmakeupmymind,Igotohimforadvice.A.confrontB.followupC.seekD.drawon17.Whentraveling,youareadvisedtotaketravelers’checks,whichprovideasecure___tocarryingyourmoneyincash.A.preferenceB.substituteC.alternativeD.selection18.AssoonasmynewhouseisfinishedIshallstart_____thegarden.A.layingupB.layinginC.layingdownD.layingout19.He____hisspeechbycallingforavoteofthanksforlastyear’spresident.A.woundupB.gotupC.stayedupD.madeup20.Allstudents____aloudlaughwhenProfessorHenryMicheltoldthemthejoke.A.letoffB.letoutC.letdownD.letup21.Thespeaker____thevariousfactorsleadingtothepresenteconomiccrisis.A.wentonB.wentafterC.wentintoD.wentfor22.Thereislesscrimenowthanthereusedtobe.Itseemsthatthereisa____inthecrimerate.A.slopeB.inclineC.decentD.decline23.Humanskinisverythinontheeyelidandquitethickonthe____ofthefoot.A.soleB.soulC.baseD.basis24.InAmerica,lawshavebeendesignedtoguardagainstunderage______.A.jobB.employmentC.employerD.employee25.Onethinghefeltregretforwasthatheneverhadthe_____ofhearinghimplaythepiano.A.occasionB.chanceC.opportunityD.possibility26.Whenheheardthejoke,heburstinto___.A.noiseB.amusementC.enjoymentD.laughterburstoutlaughing,crying;burstintolaughter,tears;27.Imaginemy____whenIfoundIhadonunmatchedsocks.A.embarrassmentB.terrorC.sympathyD.disappointment28.The_____ofpovertyforcedhimtoquithisstudyandlookforajobtohelpsupportthefamily.A.influenceB.pressureC.dutyD.strength29.Helongedforagoodmarriage,asecurejobandguaranteedincome.Inotherwordshewanted_____.A.insuranceB.safetyC.stabilityD.solidness30.Heissucha_____personthathealwaysbelieveswhatotherstellhimwithoutasecondthought.A.credibleB.incredibleC.creditableD.credulous31.Sometimesthey____theirstudents’poorcomprehensiontoalackofintelligence.A.attributeB.oweC.contributeD.gratitude32.Therainwill____ourplansforapicnic.A.affectionB.affectC.influenceD.effect33.Themanager______thenewspaperwhilehavinghisbreakfast.A.prescribedB.scannedC.describedD.looked34.IfyougiveJohnanhourto_____thesituation,he’lltellyouwhattodonext.A.breakupB.tieupC.takeupD.sizeup35.Tosurviveintheintensetradecompetitionbetweencountries,wemust____thequalitiesandvarietiesofproductswemaketotheworld-marketdemand.A.gearB.enhanceC.improveD.guarantee36.Thesecretarywentthroughthetypescriptcarefullyto____allerrorsfromit.A.abandonB.eliminateC.dischargeD.withdraw37.Thevisitorwas_____entranceintothemuseumbecausehehadnoIDpaper.A.preventedB.deprivedC.deniedD.refused38.Amongthetoolsusedto____potentialsites,themostproductiveisthesatellitephotograph.A.findB.discoverC.detectD.locate39.I’mafraidhecan’t____theideaofhavingawomanashisboss.A.adoptB.adaptC.allotD.appetite40.“Cultureshock”occurs____totalimmersioninanewculture.A.inaccordancewithB.asaresultofC.withaviewtoD.forfearof41.Thepoliceseta_____tocatchthethief.A.tripB.deviceC.trapD.trick42.Beethovenismyfavoritemusician.Iregardhimas_____othermusicians.A.superiorthanB.moresuperiorthanC.moresuperiortoD.superiorto43.Thispopularsportscarisnowbeing____attherateofathousandaweek.A.turnedoutB.turneddownC.turnedupD.turnedon44.Ihavehadagreatdealoftrouble____therestoftheclass.A.comingupagainstB.keepingupwithC.makingupforD.livingupto45.Itdoesnotalterthefactthatshewasthewoman____forthedeathofthelittlegirl.A.accountingB.guiltyC.responsibleD.obliged46.Ifyoususpectthattheillnessmightbeseriousyoushouldnot____goingtothedoctor.A.holdbackB.putasideC.holdupD.putoff47.Ifyou____thebottleandcigarettes,you’llbemuchhealthier.A.keepoffB.takeoffC.getoffD.setoff48.Asanexcellentshooter,Peterpractisedaimingatboth________targetsandmovingtargets.A.standingB.stationaryC.steadyD.stable49.Dogsareoftenpraisedfortheir____;theyalmostneverabandontheirmasters.A.faithB.trustC.loyaltyD.truthfulness50.Thereisawhole______ofbillstobepaid.A.sequenceB.stockC.numberD.stackKeystotheExercise:1.C2.D3.C4.C5.B6.A7.D8.C9.D10.D11.A12.B13.C14.D15.A16.D17.C18.D19.A20.B21.C22.D23.A24.B25.C26.D27.A28.B29.C30.D31.A32.B33.B34.D35.A36.B37.C38.D39.A40.B41.C42.D43.A44.B45.C46.D47.A48.B49.C50.D语法分为词法和句法两大部分，以下分别加以讲解：一、词法（一）动词用法1.时态与语态在动词的时态和语态方面，常考查动词的过去完成时和将来完成时的主动与被动语态形式。例如：1.Bytheendofthismonth,wesurely——asatisfactorysolutiontotheproblem.havefoundB)willbefindingC)willhavefoundD)arefinding本题的测试点是谓语时态的用法。在解与动词有关的试题时，时间信息特别重要。时间信息往往以单词、短语、从句、分句或句子等形式表示。本题中时间状语bytheendofthismonth（到月底）表示未来的某一时刻，此时可以使用排除法排除选项A）和D）。再由句子谓语动词的动作来判断，谓语动词find要在时间状语之前完成。因此需用将来完成时态。选项C）willhavefound为正确答案。2.Weourbreakfastwhenanoldmancametothedoor.A)justhavehadB)havejusthadC)justhadD)hadjusthad本句中有when引导的时间状语从句，且从句用的是过去时，而“吃早饭”（havebreakfast）这一动作发生在“来”（came）之前，因而选项D）。hadjusthad为正确答案。3.Beforethefirstnon-stopflightmadein1949,it_____necessaryforallplanestolandforrefueling.A.wouldbeB.hasbeenC.hadbeenD.wouldhavebeen4.Untilthen,hisfamily_______fromhimforsixmonths.A.didn’thearB.hasn’tbeenhearingC.hasn’theardD.hadn’theard5.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,withartificialintelligence,______andperfectednow.A.developedB.arebeingdevelopedC.havedevelopedD.willhavebeenproduced6.You______andit’sgettingonmynerves.A.alwaysarecontradictingmeB.contradictingmealwaysC.contradictedmealwaysD.arealwayscontradictingme7．Hetoldmethatbythetimeheretiredhe___inthecompanyformorethan30years.A.willhaveworkedB.wouldworkC.wouldhaveworkedD.willhavebeenworked8.You____himsoclosely;youshouldhavekeptyourdistance.A.shouldn’tfollowB.mustn’tfollowC.couldn’thavebeenfollowingD.shouldn’thavebeenfollowing9.Bythetimeyouarrivethisevening,_____fortwohours.A.IwillstudyB.IwillhavebennstudiedC.IhadstudiedD.Iwillhavebeenstudying10.Sincehelefttheuniversity,he______inanaccountingcompany.A.hasbeenworkingB.hadworkedC.hadbeenworkingD.wasworking10CDBDCD2.非谓语动词（现在分词、过去分词、动名词和动词不定式）的用法。考生应熟练掌握各种非谓语动词的概念、构成形式和最基本的用法。对于考试中经常出现的内容，如各种非谓语动词的完成和被动形式，应格外重视。为能从四个选项中选出正确的答案，必须