精品解析：陕西省西安市第八十六中学2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考联考英语试题（解析版）

高二联考英语注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Onwhichdaywillthewomanreturntowork?A.Friday.B.Thursday.C.Wednesday.2.WhatdidTomWattswanttodo?A.Changetheschedule.B.Attendtheexhibition.C.Handoutgifts.3.Inwhichmonthisthewomangoingtotakeherholiday?A.July.B.August.C.September.4.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodothisafternoon?A.Playtennis.B.Watchaplay.C.Havelessons.5.WhenwillLindacelebrateherbirthday?A.OnDecember20th.B.OnDecember25th.C.OnDecember30th.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Relaxed.B.Surprised.C.Upset.7.Whathappenedtothewomanyesterday?A.ShemetaVIPcustomer.B.Shefailedtomeetacustomer.C.Sheforgottoanswerane-mail.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthemovietonight?A.Boring.B.Inspiring.C.Interesting.9.Whichfilmdoesthemanlikebest?A.YesMan.B.SonictheHedgehog2.C.EternalSunshineoftheSpotlessMind.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whyisthemanspeakingtothewoman?A.Togetadviceoncredits.B.Toaddonemorecourse.C.Tocomplainaboutaclass.11.Whatistheman’strouble?A.Heregisteredtoomanyclasses.B.Helosthisclassschedule.C.Hemissedthedeadline.12.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Downloadaspecialform.B.Asktheprofessorforhelp.C.Chooseonecoursetodrop.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthecompetitiontrytofindthisyear?A.Thebestsinger.B.Thebestdancer.C.Thebestactor.14Howshouldpeoplesignupforthecompetition?A.Byfax.B.Byphone.C.ThroughtheInternet.15.Whattimedoesthesportshallclosethisweek?A.At8:00pm.B.At9:00pm.C.At10:30pm.16.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthenewswimmingpool?A.Itisbiggerthantheoldone.B.Itwillbefreeforthefirstweek.C.Itwillbeopenearlierthanplanned.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Howlonghasthespeakerbeenworkingatthepresentcompany?A.Forabout10years.B.Forabout13years.C.Forabout30years.18.WhendidthespeakerworkinSpain?A.Rightafterhisgraduation.B.Beforeheworkedasasalesman.C.Afterheworkedintouristcentersabroad.19.Whydidthespeakerdecidetotakehispresentjob?A.Hehadrelatedexperience.B.Hecouldhavefreeflights.C.Helovedtraveling.20.Whichofthefollowingisoneofthespeaker’sduties?A.Givinghiscustomersinformation.B.Helpinghiscustomerscheckin.C.Pickingupcustomers.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASerbiaisoneofthemostaffordabledestinationsinEurope.HerearesomebeautifulplacesinSerbiathatyoucanpayavisitto.MountainAvalaOverlookingBelgradeandtoppedwiththeAvalaTowerintheBalkans,MountainAvalaisamust-visitspotthatmakesforapleasantbreakfromthecapital’sbusystreets.TheAvalaTowerisatalltelecommunicationtowerinthisareawhichwasrebuiltin2010,offeringthepicture-perfectwholeviewoverBelgradefromviewingplatformsandacafeforvisitors.MuseumofSremTheregionalmuseuminthetownofSremskaMitrovicahasavaluablecollectioninprehistoric,Romanandmedievalperiods.ItshighlightsarethenumerousarchaeologicalfindingsfromSremskaMitrovica,includingauniqueRomansundial(日晷)withthesculpturesofsomefigures.TheGalleryofMaticaSrpskaTheGalleryofMaticaSrpskaisoneofthemostsignificantandlastingculturalinstitutionsinSerbia.It’snotameregallerybutratheranationaltreasure,withseveralfloorscoveringpricelessSerbianartworksfromthelate17thtothe20thcenturyindifferentstyleswithcountlesslandscapesandgraphicartandmore.UvacSpecialNatureReserveThespectacularmeandersoftheUvacRiverarethehighlightsoftheUvacSpecialNatureReserveinsouthwesternSerbia.Theincrediblygreenriversnakesthroughrocksinazigzagmanner—afeatofnaturethatisbestadmiredfromhighabove.Thereserve,whichalsocomprisesa6-kilometer-longcavesystem,owesitsprotectedstatustoseveralhundredplantspecies,manytypesoffishesandrarebirdspecies.1.WhatcanvisitorsdointheAvalaTower?A.Visitanartgallery.B.Seeauniquesundial.C.Haveagoodviewofthelandscapes.D.Admireartworksattheviewingplatform.2.WhatdotheMuseumofSremandtheGalleryofMaticaSrpskahaveincommon?A.Culturaltreasures. B.Uniquerocks.C.Oldfloors. D.Modernsculptures.3.WhatmakestheUvacSpecialNatureReservespecial?A.Aprotectedstatue. B.Awatersystem.C.Agreenriver. D.Awildlifemuseum.【答案】1.C2.A3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍塞尔维亚的一些美丽的地方。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据MountainAvala部分“OverlookingBelgradeandtoppedwiththeAvalaTowerintheBalkans,MountainAvalaisamust-visitspotthatmakesforapleasantbreakfromthecapital’sbusystreets.TheAvalaTowerisatalltelecommunicationtowerinthisareawhichwasrebuiltin2010,offeringthepicture-perfectwholeviewoverBelgradefromviewingplatformsandacafeforvisitors.(阿瓦拉山俯瞰贝尔格莱德，顶部是巴尔干半岛的阿瓦拉塔，是一个必去之地，可以在首都繁忙的街道上愉快地休息。阿瓦拉塔是该地区的一座高大的电信塔，于2010年重建，从观景台和咖啡馆为游客提供了贝尔格莱德全景)”可知，在阿瓦拉塔上可以看风景。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据MuseumofSrem部分“TheregionalmuseuminthetownofSremskaMitrovicahasavaluablecollectioninprehistoric,Romanandmedievalperiods.ItshighlightsarethenumerousarchaeologicalfindingsfromSremskaMitrovica,includingauniqueRomansundial(日晷)withthesculpturesofsomefigures.(斯雷姆斯卡-米特罗维察镇的地区博物馆收藏了史前、罗马和中世纪时期的珍贵藏品。它的亮点是来自斯雷姆斯卡-米特罗维察的众多考古发现，包括一个独特的罗马日晷，上面有一些人物的雕塑)”和TheGalleryofMaticaSrpska部分“TheGalleryofMaticaSrpskaisoneofthemostsignificantandlastingculturalinstitutionsinSerbia.It’snotameregallerybutratheranationaltreasure,withseveralfloorscoveringpricelessSerbianartworksfromthelate17thtothe20thcenturyindifferentstyleswithcountlesslandscapesandgraphicartandmore.(Matica塞族共和国美术馆是塞尔维亚最重要、最持久的文化机构之一。它不仅仅是一个画廊，而是一个国宝，几层楼覆盖着17世纪末至20世纪的塞尔维亚价值连城的艺术品，风格各异，有无数的风景和平面艺术等等)”可知，这两个地方都有许多珍贵的藏品。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据UvacSpecialNatureReserve部分“ThespectacularmeandersoftheUvacRiverarethehighlightsoftheUvacSpecialNatureReserveinsouthwesternSerbia.Theincrediblygreenriversnakesthroughrocksinazigzagmanner—afeatofnaturethatisbestadmiredfromhighabove.Thereserve,whichalsocomprisesa6-kilometer-longcavesystem,owesitsprotectedstatustoseveralhundredplantspecies,manytypesoffishesandrarebirdspecies.(乌瓦茨河壮观的曲流是塞尔维亚西南部乌瓦茨特殊自然保护区的亮点。这条令人难以置信的绿色河流蜿蜒曲折地穿过岩石——这是大自然的壮举，最受高空钦佩。该保护区还包括一个6公里长的洞穴系统，其保护地位归功于数百种植物、多种鱼类和珍禽)”可知，乌瓦茨河有独特的水系统。故选B。BIfirstrealizedthatplasticwasaseriousmatterforourplanetduringmytravelinWesternAustralia.Onedayabout12yearsago.IstoppedatasupermarketalongtheCoralBaycoasttobuysomegroceries.Buttheladyatthecountertoldmethatthesupermarketdidn’tsellanyshoppingbagstopreventplasticintheoceanandhelppreservetheendangeredturtles(海龟)livinginthatarea.Afterafirstreactionofsurprise,Igatheredallpurchasesinmyarmsandleft,reflectingonwhatIhadbeentold.Theexperienceinthattripmadememoreconsciousaboutmyimpactandpushedmetoadoptvarioushabitstotravelandlivemoresustainable.Forexample,IalwayscarriedacottonbagwhenIwentshopping.MytraveltoIndonesiawasanotherlife-changingexperiencethatstrengthenedmydeterminationtoturntoazero-wastelifestyle.InIndonesia,findingsafedrinkablewaterwasalwaysachallenge,soItraveledwithmywaterbottle,managingtoavoidalmostentirelytheuseofplasticduringmytrip.However,IwasseriouslystruckbymystayontheLibaranIsland,whereasustainableandturtleconservationprojectwaslaunched10yearsago.Despitethebigeffortsbytheprojectstaffandthecommunityincleaningupthebeachesandcreativelyreusingplastic,theshorewaswasheddailywithtonsofplasticcomingfromthetides.Walkingonacarpetofplasticthatalmostpreventedmefromseeingthebeachunderneathwasquiteshocking.Facingthisglobalissueinperson,Ifeltasenseofsadnessandangerthatsoonturnedintodetermination:todoasmuchaspossibletoreduceplasticinmylife.Sometimeswemightfeelhelplessinfrontofbigproblems,butweshouldbeawarethatsmallchangescouldactuallymakeadifferencestepbystep!4.Howdoestheauthorleadinthetopicofthetext?A.Byreflectingonthepresentlife.B.Bylookingintothefutureenvironment.C.Byintroducingthepreviousachievements.D.Byrecallingthepastshoppingexperience.5.Whatdidtheauthordecidetodoafterthetripabout12yearsago?A.Cutbackontravel. B.Shoplessfrequently.C.Leadagreenlife. D.Purifydrinkingwater.6.Whatdoweknowabouttheprojectinparagraph4?A.Ithadnocleargoal. B.Itdidn’tworkoutverywell.C.Itmettheislanders’needs. D.Itwasaimedtopreventturtleattacks.7.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftheplasticproblem?A.Itispermanent. B.Itismanageable.C.Itiseasytosolve. D.Itislackinginattention.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者在旅行中对塑料问题的意识到，并且决心采取一些可持续生活方式来减少塑料使用。旅行中的经历让作者意识到塑料对地球的影响，特别是对海龟的影响。作者在印度尼西亚的旅行中进一步加强了对零浪费生活方式的决心。尽管在海龟保护项目中付出了很大努力，但塑料问题依然存在。最后，作者呼吁大家从自己做起，逐步减少塑料使用。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“IfirstrealizedthatplasticwasaseriousmatterforourplanetduringmytravelinWesternAustralia.(在西澳大利亚旅行期间，我第一次意识到塑料对我们的星球来说是一个严重的问题)”可知，文章一开始作者回忆起12年前在澳大利亚的旅行中的一个购物经历，这个经历让作者第一次意识到塑料对地球的影响。由此推知，作者通过回忆过去的购物经历引入了文章的主题。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theexperienceinthattripmadememoreconsciousaboutmyimpactandpushedmetoadoptvarioushabitstotravelandlivemoresustainable.Forexample,IalwayscarriedacottonbagwhenIwentshopping.(那次旅行的经历让我更加意识到自己的影响，并促使我养成了各种旅行习惯和更可持续的生活方式。例如，我总是带着一个棉袋当我去购物)”可知，通过这次旅行，促使作者养成了各种零浪费的旅行习惯和更可持续的生活方式即作者决定领导一种绿色的生活。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Despitethebigeffortsbytheprojectstaffandthecommunityincleaningupthebeachesandcreativelyreusingplastic,theshorewaswasheddailywithtonsofplasticcomingfromthetides.(尽管项目工作人员和社区在清理海滩和创造性地重复利用塑料方面做出了巨大努力，但海岸每天都被潮汐带来的成吨塑料冲刷)”可知，尽管项目的工作人员和社区在清理海滩，可是每天还是会带来成吨塑料。由此推知，该项目收效甚微即作用不大。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Facingthisglobalissueinperson,Ifeltasenseofsadnessandangerthatsoonturnedintodetermination:todoasmuchaspossibletoreduceplasticinmylife.Sometimeswemightfeelhelplessinfrontofbigproblems,butweshouldbeawarethatsmallchangescouldactuallymakeadifferencestepbystep!(面对这个全球性的问题，我感到一种悲伤和愤怒，很快就变成了决心：尽我所能减少生活中的塑料。有时我们可能会在大问题面前感到无助，但我们应该意识到，小的改变实际上可以一步一步地改变！)”可知，面临塑料污染这个全球性问题，作者感觉到悲伤和愤怒，虽然感觉到无助，但是作者相信从自身的小的改变一定可以产生大的影响即一步一步地改变并解决这个问题。由此推知，作者认为塑料问题一定是可以解决的。故选B。CPleasantonPartnershipsinEducationFoundation(PPIE)wasstartedin1987toraisemoneybyorganizingrunningeventsforlocalschools.BasedinPleasanton,California,asuburbofSanFrancisco,thenon-profitorganizationrecentlyhostedafamilyfocusedfitnesseventforthecommunity.“Oureventhelpstobringthecommunitytogether,”saidMindyLouie,eventsandoutreachmanagerforPPIE.“Wehavemorethan3,000participants,hard-workingvolunteersandviewers.”Thisyear’sfitnesseventtookplaceonApril30attheAlamedaCountyFairgrounds.Itfeaturedracesoftwomiles,fivekilometersandtenkilometers.AnewKidsChallengeconsistedofaquarter-mileruntoencourageyoungerchildrentoparticipate.Whenaskedtodescribetherun,11-year-oldJeremyLouiesaid,“Fun,excitingandenjoyable.”Jeremyaddedthathewashappytohelpsupporthisschool.PPIEsupportsall15schoolsinthePleasantonUnifiedSchoolDistrict,whichincludemorethan14,500studentsand800teachersandstaff.Thenonprofitorganizationtriestofundprogramsaffectedbybudgetcuts,whileencouragingfitnessandathleticism.Todate,thePPIEhasraisedover$1millionfortheschooldistrict.Alocalrunners’groupcalledtheBURNYouthDevelopment(B.Y.D.)participatedinthefundraising.TheB.Y.D.hassincegrowntomorethan100youthmembers,30ofwhomraninApril’sPPIEevent.JerryWu,thegroup’sfounderandleadcoach,explainedthattheB.Y.D.wasborntokeepkidsrunning.“Watchingthemrunningstronglyandhappilymakesmesmileeverytime,”Jerrysaid.Jerryencouragesteamworkandteachesthestudentsvaluablerunningtechniques.AsaB.Y.D.member,OllieGu,aneighthgrader,wasoneofthetopfinishersintheten-kilometerrun.Hecompletedtheracein40minutesand46secondsandwonfirstplaceinthe12-to15-year-oldagegroup.“Theracewasextremelyrewarding,”Olliesaid.“I’mlookingforwardtoitnextyear.”8.Whichracewasrecentlycreated?A.Aten-kilometerrun. B.Atwo-milerun.C.Afive-kilometerrun. D.Aquarter-milerun.9.HowistheinfluenceofPPIEpresentedinparagraph3?A.Bylistingdata. B.Bymakingacomparison.C.Bygivingtheoreticanalysis. D.Byconductingaquestionnairesurvey.10.WhatdidbothJerryandOlliewanttoconvey?A.Theirdutiesasathletes. B.Theirfeelingsascoaches.C.TheirrecognitionoftheB.Y.D. D.Theiranticipationofthenextrun.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Sportsvolunteers. B.Racingforeducation.C.Runningwithteachers. D.Youngsportsmen.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一个名为PPIE的基金会通过为当地学校组织各种跑步运动会来筹集资金。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“AnewKidsChallengeconsistedofaquarter-mileruntoencourageyoungerchildrentoparticipate.(一项新的儿童挑战赛包括四分之一英里的跑步，以鼓励年龄较小的儿童参加。)”可知，最近创建的跑步比赛是四分之一英里跑步比赛。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“all15schools(所有15所学校)”；“morethan14,500studentsand800teachersandstaff(14500多名学生和800名教师和工作人员)”“over$1million(超过100万美元)”可知，在讲述PPIE基金会的影响时，作者通过列数据的方式进行说明，简洁而有说服力。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“‘Watchingthemrunningstronglyandhappilymakesmesmileeverytime,’Jerrysaid.(Jerry说：‘看着他们强劲快乐地奔跑，我每次都会心一笑。’)”和最后一段中的“‘Theracewasextremelyrewarding,’Olliesaid.‘I’mlookingforwardtoitnextyear.’(‘这场比赛非常有收获，’Ollie说。‘我期待着明年的比赛。’)”可知，Jerry看到孩子们在B.Y.D.组织的比赛中跑步就会开心，Ollie认为这场比赛非常有收获并期待来年的比赛，由此可推测出，他们对B.Y.D.非常认可。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段首句“PleasantonPartnershipsinEducationFoundation(PPIE)wasstartedin1987toraisemoneybyorganizingrunningeventsforlocalschools.(普莱森顿教育伙伴关系基金会，即PPIE，成立于1987年，旨在通过组织跑步体育活动来为当地学校筹集资金。)”可知，本文主要介绍了普莱森顿教育伙伴关系基金会通过组织跑步体育活动来为当地学校筹集资金，从而支持教育。由此可推测出，B项“为教育而跑步”最适合作本文标题。故选B。DASwissradiostationrecentlycarriedoutasocialexperimentonair,testingrobot-createdvoicesandcontent.The13-hourexperimenttookplaceattheFrench-languagestationCouleur3.Duringtheperiod,listenersheardtheclonedvoicesoffivehumanpresenters.Thestation’sprogrammingalsoincludedmusiccreatedbyartificialintelligence(AI)methods.Theprogramminginformedlistenersabouttheexperimentevery20minutes.“AIistakingyourfavoriteradiobystorm,”avoicesaid.“OurvoiceclonesandAIareheretounsettle,surpriseandshakeyou.Andforthatmatter,thistextwasalsowrittenbyarobot.”RecentAIdevelopmentshaveledtothecreationofaseriesoftoolsthatpermitrobotstoleaddifferenthumanactivities.Thesetoolsbelongtoagroupofsystemsknownas“generativeAI”.ThetoolsusemachinelearningmethodstotrainAIsystemsonhugeamountsofdatatoproducehuman-qualityresults.Oneofthemosthighlypublicized“generativeAI”toolsreceivedwideattentionbyshowingtheabilitytoquicklyproducewrittenanswerstoquestionsatalevelandqualitysimilartohumans.However,thedevelopmentof“generativeAI”systemshasledtosomecriticismofthetechnology.Criticshavealertedpeopletothedangersofsuchsystems.Theysayifusedincorrectly,thesystemscanhaveeconomic,culturalandsocialharms.TheSwissstation’schief,AntoineMultone,defendedtheprojectasalessononhowtolivewithAI.Antoinesaidifwebecameostriches(鸵鸟),wewouldputourheadsinthesand,blindlyworryingaboutthenewtechnology.HethoughtwhenAIwascoming,weshouldstudythetechnology,sowecouldthenproperlyputlimitsonit.Headdedthatabout90percentofthelistenerreactionssuggestedtheexperimentwasagoodidea.Butmanysaidtheyfoundthehumanelementmissingandnoted,“Youcansensethesearerobots,andtherearefewersurprises,lesspersonality.”12.WhywastheexperimentconductedatCouleur3?A.Totestthetextstherobotwrites.B.Totestthevocalsoundstherobotcreates.C.Totestthecapabilitiesofthehumanpresenters.D.Totesttheaudience’sabilitiesofcomposingmusic.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alerted”meaninparagraph2?A.Warned. B.Exposed. C.Shifted. D.Applied.14.WhatshouldwedowithAIaccordingtoAntoine?AResearchanduseitsensibly. B.Limitandpreventitsprogress.C.Takehumanelementsoutofit. D.Takeadvantageofitwithoutdefense.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.NewTechnologiesChangingOurLives B.LanguageBarriersinAIDevelopmentsC.ReplacingAnnouncerswithRobots D.PuttingAIVoicesonRadio【答案】12.B13.A14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。瑞士一家广播电台进行了一项社会实验，测试人工智能创造的声音和内容，而对于人工智能，批评者们、该电台台长和许多人有不同的观点。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ASwissradiostationrecentlycarriedoutasocialexperimentonair,testingrobot-createdvoicesandcontent.The13-hourexperimenttookplaceattheFrench-languagestationCouleur3.Duringtheperiod,listenersheardtheclonedvoicesoffivehumanpresenters.(瑞士一家广播电台最近在播放中进行了一项社会实验，测试机器人创造的声音和内容。这场为期13个小时的实验在法语站Couleur3进行。在此期间，听众听到了五位人类主持人的克隆声音。)”可知，瑞士这家广播电台在法语站Couleur3测试机器人创造的声音和内容，播放了五位主持人的克隆声音，所以实验的目的是测试机器人创造出来的声音。故选B。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Critics”和后的“thedangersofsuchsystems”可知，批评家对人工智能会提出批判性的意见，这里是让人们注意这种系统的危害，由此可推测出，alert意为“警告”，与warn的意思最接近。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“HethoughtwhenAIwascoming,weshouldstudythetechnology,sowecouldthenproperlyputlimitsonit.(他认为，当人工智能到来时，我们应该研究这项技术，这样我们就可以适当地限制它。)”可知，他认为我们应该研究人工智能技术，并理智使用它。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段引出下文对人工智能的讨论，根据第一段首句“ASwissradiostationrecentlycarriedoutasocialexperimentonair,testingrobot-createdvoicesandcontent.(瑞士一家广播电台最近在播放中进行了一项社会实验，测试机器人创造的声音和内容。)”可知，本文主要通过瑞士一家广播电台做的关于机器人创造的声音和内容的社会实验，引出不同的人对人工智能的不同看法，由此可推测出，“在广播中播放人工智能声音”最适合作本文标题第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whengardenersgrowvarietiesofplantsintheirbeautifulgardens,theyarehappytoseebeneficialinsectslikebeesandbutterfliessurroundingtheflowers.Butastheytakeacloserlook,theymayfindsomeplantsarecoveredinblackdotsandfilledwithharmfulinsectsorpests.Somegardenersmayimmediatelyreachforchemicals.____16____Althoughitmaystoptheinsectproblem,itwillalsothreatenbeesandbutterflieswhichhelptheplantsreproduce.Ifyouarewisegardeners,youshouldfirsttakepreventivemeasurestocontroltheharmfulinsects.____17____Onlywhentherearetoomanyharmfulinsects,shouldpestcontrolbeconsidered.Thefirstdefenseshouldalwaysbethesafestmethodavailable.PreventionAsarule,preventionisthebesttreatment.Inspectplantsclosely,includingtheirleaves,beforebuyingthemfromthestore.____18____Whenplanting,spaceplantsouttopermitthemtogrowtotheirfullsize.Plantstooclosetogethercanbreedharmfulorganisms,likebacteria.____19____Theyinvitepestsifpermittedtoremainontheground.Whenyoudoseepests,washthemaway.Userubbingalcoholtoremovesomeinsects,orpickthemofftheplants.PesticidesIfyoudecideapesticideisnecessary,chooseitcarefullyandfollowthedirectionsandwarningsontheproduct.Avoidusingpesticidesinextremeheat,onwindydays,orwhentheplantsarewet.____20____Atthetime,beneficialinsectsareinactive.Youcanconsiderremovingflowersfromtheplantstolessentheriskthatbeneficialinsectswillcomeincontactwiththepesticides.A.Butthisisnotwise.B.Inmostcases,chemicalsdon’thelp.C.Treattheplantsearlyinthemorningoratnight.D.Alsodoremembertheplantsneednutritionandcare.E.Keepyourgardenfreeoffallenleaves,fruitsandotherwastes.F.Donotbringanyplantshomethatshowsignsofdiseaseorpests.G.Theprocessstartswiththeideathathavingsomepestsisacceptable.【答案】16.A17.G18.F19.E20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。当园丁在美丽的花园里种植各种各样的植物时，他们很高兴看到蜜蜂和蝴蝶等有益的昆虫围绕在花周围。但是当他们仔细观察时，他们可能会发现一些植物被黑点覆盖，并且充满了有害的昆虫或害虫。文章介绍如何预防害虫和使用农药。【16题详解】根据上文提示“Somegardenersmayimmediatelyreachforchemicals.（一些园丁可能会立即使用化学药品。）”，再根据下文提示“Althoughitmaystoptheinsectproblem,itwillalsothreatenbeesandbutterflieswhichhelptheplantsreproduce.（虽然它可以解决昆虫问题，但它也会威胁到帮助植物繁殖的蜜蜂和蝴蝶。）”可知，设空处与上文构成转折关系。所以A项Butthisisnotwise.（但这是不明智的。）切题。故选A。【17题详解】根据下文提示“Onlywhentherearetoomanyharmfulinsects,shouldpestcontrolbeconsidered.（只有当有害昆虫太多的时候，才应该考虑害虫防治。）”可知，要接受有害虫。所以G项Theprocessstartswiththeideathathavingsomepestsisacceptable.（这个过程始于有一些害虫是可以接受的想法。）切题。故选G。【18题详解】根据上文提示“Asarule,preventionisthebesttreatment.Inspectplantsclosely,includingtheirleaves,beforebuyingthemfromthestore.（一般来说，预防是最好的治疗。在从商店购买之前，仔细检查植物，包括它们的叶子。）”可知，有病虫害的植物不能带回家。所以F项Donotbringanyplantshomethatshowsignsofdiseaseorpests.（不要带任何有病虫害迹象的植物回家。）切题，其中选项中的also顺承了上文。故选F。【19题详解】根据下文提示“Theyinvitepestsifpermittedtoremainontheground.Whenyoudoseepests,washthemaway.Userubbingalcoholtoremovesomeinsects,orpickthemofftheplants.（如果允许害虫留在地面上，它们会招来害虫。当你看到害虫时，把它们洗掉。用外用酒精去除一些昆虫，或者把它们从植物上摘下来。）”可知，要保持花园远离落叶和其他废物。所以E项Keepyourgardenfreeoffallenleaves,fruitsandotherwastes.（让你的花园远离落叶、水果和其他废物。）切题。故选E。【20题详解】根据上文提示“Avoidusingpesticidesinextremeheat,onwindydays,orwhentheplantsarewet.（避免在极端高温、大风天或植物潮湿时使用农药。）”可知，设空处应该是在说使用农药的时间。所以C项Treattheplantsearlyinthemorningoratnight.（在清晨或晚上治疗植物。）切题。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。GulnaraTolmachevaisfromRussia,whohasalwayswantedtobeatutor.Shehas___21___andrealizedherdreaminKaramay,aChinesecityinXinjiangfarawayfromherhomeinNovosibirsk.Now,shelivesinXinjiangand___22___Russianinalocaluniversity.___23___havinginterestintheChinesecultureduringherchildhood,Tolmachevadidn’t___24___Chinauntil2009.“InUrumqi,Isawdifferentethnicgroupsandbusynightmarkets,”shesaid.ShewasespeciallysurprisedatthewaypeopleofdifferentethnicgroupsweregettingalonginXinjiang.___25___bytheenergeticandculturally___26___city,shechosetostudyChineseinUrumqiin2013.Tolmachevaandherfamily___27___toKaramayin2019aftergettingajobofferthere.Littledidsheknowaboutthecity___28___,butnowsheconsidersKaramayashersecond___29___.“Thefriendshipand_____30_____ofmystudentsandcolleaguesmademefeelathome,”she_____31_____.Sheaddedthatherworkwasgoingwell,andhersonwashealthyandhappy.Tolmachevawas_____32_____bythekindnessandwarmthofthosearoundher,andshedecidedtoworkevenhardertomotivateherstudents.“The_____33_____environmentisveryimportant.SoItriedmybesttoteachthemRussiansongsandorganizeshortplaysduringcourses,”shesaid.HavingrealizedherdreamoflearningChineseinXinjiang,Tolmachevaisnow_____34_____aboutfinishingherdoctoraldegreeandisplanningtowritesomeRussiantextbooks.Shedoeshaveagreat_____35_____forherjob.21.A.fallenbehind B.blownup C.keptaway D.settleddown22.A.masters B.quits C.teaches D.learns23.A.Incaseof B.Inspiteof C.Intermsof D.Inplaceof24.A.visit B.choose C.expect D.admire25.A.Impressed B.Confused C.Frightened D.Annoyed26.A.single B.minor C.false D.diverse27.A.attended B.contributed C.moved D.objected28A.gratefully B.currently C.gradually D.previously29.A.destination B.hometown C.barrier D.entrance30.A.promotion B.company C.absence D.criticism31.A.recalled B.promised C.recommended D.apologized32.A.limited B.discouraged C.touched D.recognized33.A.language B.family C.career D.accommodation34.A.modest B.enthusiastic C.particular D.sensitive35.A.pity B.advantage C.return D.affection【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.A25.A26.D27.C28.D29.B30.B31.A32.C33.A34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了来自俄罗斯的GulnaraTolmacheva一直想成为一名老师，她在新疆的克拉玛依定居下来并实现了自己的梦想。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她在克拉玛依定居并实现了自己的梦想，克拉玛依是中国新疆的一座城市，远离她在新西伯利亚的家。A.fallenbehind落后；B.blownup爆炸；C.keptaway使离开；D.settleddown定居下来。根据下文中的“shelivesinXinjiang”可知，她在克拉玛依定居下来。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，她住在新疆，在当地一所大学教俄语。A.masters精通，掌握；B.quits放弃；C.teaches教，讲授；D.learns学习。根据上文中的“wantedtobeatutor”和空后的“Russianinalocaluniversity”可知，她现在是一名老师，在一所大学教俄语。故选C。【23题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管Tolmacheva从小就对中国文化感兴趣，但她直到2009年才参观中国。A.Incaseof如果，假使；B.Inspiteof尽管；C.Intermsof就……而言；D.Inplaceof代替。句中的“havinginterestintheChinesecultureduringherchildhood”和“Tolmachevadidn’t___4___Chinauntil2009”之间是让步关系，虽然她对从小中国文化感兴趣，但直到2009年才有机会来到中国。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.visit参观，访问；B.choose选择；C.expect期望；D.admire羡慕。根据下文中的“Isawdifferentethnicgroupsandbusynightmarkets”可知，她2009年切实地来到了中国。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这座充满活力、文化多元的城市给她留下了深刻印象，她于2013年选择在乌鲁木齐学习汉语。A.Impressed使留下深刻印象；B.Confused使迷惑；C.Frightened使惊吓；D.Annoyed使恼怒。根据句中的“shechosetostudyChineseinUrumqi”可知，她对乌鲁木齐印象深刻，所以才在这里学习汉语。故选A。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.single单一的；B.minor微小的；C.false错误的；D.diverse多种多样的。根据上文中的“peopleofdifferentethnicgroups”可知，新疆有不同的民族群体，所以有多元化的文化。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tolmacheva在克拉玛依得到工作机会后，于2019年和她的家人搬到了那里。A.attended出席，参加；B.contributed贡献；C.moved搬家；D.objected不同意。根据空后的“toKaramayin2019aftergettingajobofferthere”可知，她在克拉玛依得到了一份工作，于是和家人一起搬到了这里。故选C。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她以前对这座城市知之甚少，但现在她把克拉玛依当作她的第二故乡。A.gratefully感激地；B.currently目前；C.gradually逐渐地；D.previously先前地，以往地。根据句中的“butnow”可知，这里是说她以前对这座城市了解不多。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.destination目的地；B.hometown家乡，故乡；C.barrier屏障；D.entrance入口（处）。根据上文中的“shelivesinXinjiang”“Tolmachevaandherfamily___7___toKaramay”可知，她搬到了克拉玛依，在这里居住下来，所以这里是她除了俄罗斯之外的第二故乡。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她回忆道：“学生和同事的友谊和陪伴让我感到宾至如归。”A.promotion提升；B.company陪伴；C.absence缺席；D.criticism批评。根据空前的“Thefriendshipand”和空后的“ofmystudentsandcolleaguesmademefeelathome”可知，这里与and前的friendship并列，表达的意义在情感上相承，同事和学生的陪伴让她感觉在家一样。故选B。【3