考研《英语一》2023年无为县点睛提分卷含解析

考研《英语一》2023年无为县点睛提分卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Ihadn’tevengotachancetoenterthestorebeforeanAfricanAmericanwomanapproachedmeandaskedifIwouldhelpherreturnanitem.Theitemshehad1wasintendedforherdaughter,butshehadalreadyreceiveda2one.Thelady3toexchangetheitemforsomethingelseinthestorebutshewastoldsheneededanID4thedealcouldnottakeplace.Iwenttothe5withthewomansowecouldusemyID．Thesalesassociateimmediatelystarted6herofaskingthefirst7personshesawtohelpher.Althoughthatwas8,Ididn’tunderstandwhyit9Afterall,noteveryoneisgiventheopportunityto10anIDinthiscountry.Then,weaskedtospeakwithamanager,whoexplainedthattherewasno11toreturntheitemwithoutareceiptandthenwentontosaythewomancouldnot12shepurchasedtheitem.“13I,ayoungwhitefemale,weretoenterthestoreandrequestyoutomakeanexchangewithoutareceipt,Iwouldnotbe14theprivilege—asIhaveprooffromthepast.”Isaid.Hemusthaverealizedatthatmomentwhathehaddone,becausehe15toexchangetheitem.Therearemanyvaluablelessonsinthestory.Thefirstistohelpastrangerinneed.I16whenthewomanaskedformyhelp,but17doIactuallyhave?”Ihadnone,soIhelpedher.Thesecondlessonisnottojudgeabookbyits18Thewomanlookedpoor,butshe19thesametreatmentasanyoneelsedoes.1、A．purchasedB．shownC．lostD．mended2、A．sameB．popularC．similarD．different3、A．managedB．wantedC．refusedD．promised4、A．forB．orC．andD．so5、A．counterB．departmentC．marketD．window6、A．warningB．informingC．remindingD．accusing7、A．fairB．familiarC．impossibleD．random8、A．wrongB．trueC．reasonableD．meaningful9、A．matteredB．happenedC．passedD．worked10、A．leaveB．payC．findD．obtain11、A．requestB．placeC．wayD．need12、A．answerB．proveC．supportD．admit13、A．UnlessB．AndC．InsteadD．If14、A．orderedB．askedC．deniedD．given15、A．agreedB．preparedC．failedD．remembered16、A．struggledB．wonderedC．hesitatedD．nodded17、A．totallyB．graduallyC．hardlyD．quickly18、A．feelingsB．goalsC．reasonsD．ideas19、A．designB．coverC．contentD．price20、A．deservedB．requiredC．receivedD．appreciatedSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Inaworldwithlimitedland,waterandothernaturalresources,theharmfromthetraditionalbusinessmodelisontherise.Actually,thepastdecadeshasseenmoreandmoreforestsdisappearingandglobebecomingincreasinglywarm.Peoplenowrealizethatthisunhealthysituationmustbechanged,andthatwemustbeabletodevelopinsustainable（可持续的）ways.Thatmeansgrowthwithlowcarbonordevelopmentofsustainableproducts.Inotherwords,weshouldkeeptheearthhealthywhileusingitssupplyofnaturalresources.Today,sustainabledevelopmentisapropertrendinmanycountries.Accordingtoarecentstudy,theglobalmarketforlow-carbonenergywillbecomethreetimesbiggeroverthenextdecades.China,forexample,hassetitsmindonleadingthatmarket,hopingtoseizechancesinthenewroundoftheglobalenergyrevolution.Itisnowtryinghardtomakefulluseofwindandsolarenergy,andisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhigh-speedtrains.Inaddition,wearealsoseeinggreatgrowthintheglobalmarketsforsustainableproductssuchaspalmoil（棕榈油）,whichisproducedwithoutcuttingdownvaluablerainforest.Inrecentyearsthemarketsforsustainableproductshavegrownbymorethan50%.Governmentscanfullydevelopthepotentialofthesenewmarkets.First,theycansethightargetsforreducingcarbonemissions（排放）andtargetsforsavingandreusingenergy.Besides,strongerarrangementofpublicresourceslikeforestscanalsohelptospeedupthedevelopment.Finally,governmentscanavoidthehugeexpensesthataretakingusinthewrongdirection,andredirectingsomeofthoseexpensescanacceleratethechangefromtraditionalmodeltoasustainableone.Themajorchallengeofthiscenturyistofindwaystomeettheneedsofgrowingpopulationwithinthelimitsifthissingleplanet.Thatisnosmalltask,butitoffersabundantnewchancesforsustainableproductindustries.1、ThetraditionalbusinessmodelisharmfulbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPTthat_________________A．ItmakestheworldwarmerB．itconsumesnaturalresourcesC．itbringsseveredamagetoforestsD．itmakesgrowthhardtocontinue2、WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?A．Chinalackswindandsolarenergy.B．Chinaistheleaderofthelow-carbonmarket.C．High-speedtrainsarealow-carbondevelopment.D．Palmoilismadeatthecostofvaluableforests.3、Tofulldevelopthelow-carbonmarkets,governmentcan_________________.A．cutpublicexpensesB．forbidcarbonemissionC．developpublicresourcesD．encourageenergyconservation4、Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatbusinesseshavemanychancesto_________________.A．developsustainableproductsB．explorenewnaturalresourcesC．makefulluseofnaturalresourcesD．dealwiththemajorchallenge5、Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Tointroduceanewbusinessmodel.B．Tocomparetwobusinessmodels.C．Topredictachangeoftheglobalmarket.D．Toadvocatesustainabledevelopment.Text2Noevidenceshowsthatthekeytolearninganewlanguageissurroundingyourselfwithnativespeakersofthatlanguage.ButwhatifthosenativespeakersareDoratheExplorerandDiego?Itturnsouttelevisionandradiomightbeevenbettertoolsfornewlanguagelearnersthanpreviouslythought.AccordingtotworecentstudiesbyScientificAmerican,itispossibletofutheryourunderstandingofanewlanguagewithoutactivelypracticingorfullypayingattention.Forstarters,researchpublishedintheJournaloftheAcousticalSocietyofAmericasuggeststhatlanguagelearnerswhofocuscontinuouslyonlearningnewsoundskeepnomoreinformationthanthosewhotakeoccasionalbreaks.WhileonegroupofstudyparticipantspracticeddistinguishingthreedifficultHindisoundsforonehouradayoverthecourseofseveraldays,anothergroupalternately(交替地)spent10minutesonlearningand10minutesonanintentionallydistracting(使人分心的)taskastheHindisoundsplayedinthebackground.Whentestedonthesounds,thedistractedgroupperformedjustaswellasthefocusedgroup.AndafollowingstudypublishedintheJournalofMemoryandLanguagefurthervalidatesthepowerofinactivelearning.ResearchersfoundthatSpanishstudentslearningtheBasqueaccentimprovedlesswhentheywereinstructedtorepeatsoundsbackduringtheirtraining;listeningtonewsoundssilentlyactuallyresultedinbettermemory.So,isittimetolayoffyourtutorandbuyaboxsetofCordonSalvaje?Notquite.Whilethisgrowingbodyofresearchsuggestsinactivelanguagelearningisanamazingtoolinyourlanguagelearning,thevalueoffocusedpracticecannotbeignored.“Youneedtocometoclassandpayattention,”saysMelissaBaese-Berk,alanguageexpertandco-authorofoneofthestudies,“Butwhenyougohome,turnontheTVorturnontheradiointhatlanguagewhileyou’recookingdinner,andevenifyou’renotpayingtotalattentiontoit,it’sgoingtohelpyou.”Sogetoutthereandlearn…butnottoohard.Whileyou’reatit，itwouldn’thurttoimproveyourgrammarskills,1、Whatarethefindingsoftherecentstudiesabout?A．Televisionandradioaretheonlytoolsforlanguagelearning.B．Inactivelearningplaysagreatroleinlearningnewlanguages.C．FullattentioncontributestogreaterachievementoflanguagelearningD．Itisimportanttocommunicatewithnativespeakerswhenlearningnewlanguages.2、Theunderlinedword“Validate”inparagraph4referto________.A．confirmB．contradictC．indicateD．assume3、WhatisMelissaBaese-Berk’sattitudetowardsinactivelanguagelearning?A．doubtfulB．favorableC．indifferentD．disapproving4、Whichpracticedoestheauthorprobablyapprove?A．Givinguppronunciationdrillsintheclass,B．Repeatingafterthetapesintentionallyallthetime.C．Playingtargetlanguagesinthebackgroundwhiledinning.D．Practicingdistinguishingdifficultsoundsoftargetlanguages.Text3Hackingisn’tjustforcomputersandsmartphones.Accordingtoastudy,scientistshavefoundawaytohackaplant’sgenesinordertomakeitusesunlightmorequickly.Someday,theresultscouldincreasethenumberoffoodproducedaroundtheworld.Scientistsusedtobaccoplantsinthestudybecauseitiseasytochangetheplants’genes.Hackedplantsarelargerthannormalplants.Photosynthesisisthewordusedtodescribehowplantsusesunlight,waterandcarbondioxidetomaketheirownfood.Scientistssaythisisaveryslowprocess.Plantsuselessthan1percentoftheenergy.Butbyhackingaplant’sgenes,thescientistswereabletoincreasetheamountofleafgrowthonplantsbetween14and20percent.Scientistshackedtheplant’sprotectivesystem.Normally,thissystemstartswhenaplantgetstoomuchsunlight.Whentheplantsensesthelight,itcreatesmoreleaves.Whentheplantisinshade,theprotectivesystemisturnedoff.Buttheprocessisslow.Thenewstudyspeduptheprocessbychangingtheplant’sgenes,theprotectivesystemturnedonandoffmorequicklythannormal.Asaresult,leafgrowthontheplantsscientistsusedinthestudyincreased.Leafgrowthontwoplantsincreasedby20percent,whileleafgrowthonathirdplantincreasedby14percent.Scientistsconductedthestudyontobaccoplants.Buttheythinkthegeneticchangeswouldproducethesameresultsincornandrice.AgricultureprofessorTalaAwandasaidthestudymakessense,butcautionedtheyield（产量）mightnotbequitesohighforconventionalfoodcrops.Still,sheaddedinanemail,“thisstudyremainsabreakthrough,”1、WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoParagraph1?A．Wecanfindhackingonlyindigitaldevices.B．Aplant’sgenescanbechangedbyhacking.C．Hackinghasbeenusedinimprovingfoodproduction.D．Hackingcanbeusedtochangewhateveryouwant.2、Whydidscientistschoosetobaccoplantstostudy?A．Becausetheyareveryeasytoget.B．Becausetheirgenesareeasytochange.C．Becausetheyarelargerthanotherplants.D．Becausetheycanabsorbsunlightquickly.3、Whatdoweknowaboutphotosynthesis?A．Ithelpsplantstoproduceenergy.B．Itisregardedasaproductivesystemforplants.C．Itcanincreaseleafgrowthonplantsby14percent.D．Itismadeupofsunlight，waterandcarbondioxide.4、WecanlearnfromParagraph4thatchangingtheplants’genesproved________.A．useless B．deadlyC．effective D．unrealistic5、WhatisTalaAwanda’sattitudetowardthestudy?A．Doubtful. B．Neutral.C．Objective. D．Critical.Text4InAHistoryofReading,theCanadiannovelistAlbertoMangueldescribesaremarkabletransformationofhumanconsciousness,whichtookplacearoundthe10thcenturyA．D．:thearrivalofsilentreading.Humanbeingshavebeenreadingforthousandsofyears,butinancienttimes,thenormalthingwastoreadaloud.Withthearrivalofsilentreading,Manguelwrites,…thereaderwasatlastabletoestablishanunrestrictedrelationshipwiththebookandthewords.Thewordsnolongerneededtooccupythetimerequiredtopronouncethem.Thereader’sthoughtsinspectedthematleisure,drawingnewideasfromthem,allowingcomparisonsfrommemoryorfromotherbooks.①Toreadsilentlyistofreeyourmindtoreflect,toremember,toquestionandcompare.ThecognitivescientistMaryanneWolfcallsthisfreedom“thesecretgiftoftimetothink”.Athousandyearslater,criticsfearthatdigitaltechnologyhasputthisgiftindanger.TheInternet’sfloodofinformation,togetherwiththedistractionsofsocialmedia,threatenstooverwhelmthespaceofreading,leavingusinwhatthejournalistNicholasCarrhascalled“theshallows”.InCarr’sview,the“endless,temptingbuzz”oftheInternetendangersourverybeing:“Oneofthegreatestdangersweface,”hewrites,“aswegiveupcontrolovertheflowofourthoughtsandmemoriestoapowerfulelectronicsystem,isaslowdamagetoourhumannessandourhumanity.”②There’snoquestionthatdigitaltechnologypresentschallengestothereadingbrain.Butseenfromahistoricalperspective,digitalreadingandsilentreadinglooklikedifferencesofdegree,ratherthanofkind.Totheextentthatdigitalreadingrepresentssomethingnew,itspotentialcutsbothways.Donebadly,theInternetreducesustomindlessclickers,racingnumblytothebottomofabottomlessfeed;butdonewell,ithasthepotentialtoexpandtheverycontemplative(沉思的)spacethatwehaveprizedinourselveseversincewelearnedtoreadwithoutmovingourlips.③InthefifthcenturyB．C．,Socratesworriedthatwritingwouldweakenhumanmemory,andstifle(扼杀)judgment.Infact,asWolfnotesinher2007bookProustandtheSquid:theStoryandScienceoftheReadingBrain,theoppositehappened:Facedwiththewrittenpage,thereader’sbraindevelopsnewcapacities.④TheInternetmaycauseourmindstowanderoff,andyetaquicklookatthehistoryofbookssuggeststhatwehavebeenwanderingoffallalong.Whenweread,theeyedoesnotprogresssteadilyalongthelineoftext;italternatesbetweensaccades—littlejumps—andbriefstops,notunlikethemovementofthemouse’scursoracrossascreenofhypertext.It’struethatstudieshavefoundthatreadersgiventextonascreendoworseonrecallandcomprehensionteststhanreadersgiventhesametextonpaper.Buta2015studybytheGermaneducatorJohannesNaumannsuggeststheopposite.Hegaveagroupofhigh-schoolstudentsthejoboftrackingdowncertainpiecesofinformationonwebsites;hefoundthatthestudentswhoregularlydidresearchonlinewerebetteratthistaskthanstudentswhousedtheInternetmostlytosendemail,chat,andblog.Anewgenerationofdigitalwriterspreferstoincludeinteractivefeatures.The2014iPadnovel,Pry,tellsthestoryofademolition(爆破)expertreturninghomefromthefirstGulfWar.Thestoryistoldintext,photographs,videoclips,andaudio.Itusesaninterface(界面)thatallowsyoutofollowtheactionandshiftbetweenlevelsofawareness.Asyoureadtextonthescreen,describingcharactersandplot,youdrawyourfingersapartandseeaphotographofthechiefcharacter,hiseyesopeningontheworld.Pinchyourfingershutandyouvisithistroubledunconscious;wordsandimagesraceby,asifyouareinsidehismemory.Pryistheoppositeofashallowwork;itswholeplayisbetweenthesurfaceandthedepthsofthehumanmind.Readingitisstimulating.1、InAlbertoManguel’sopinion,silentreading________.A．isanabnormalthingtohumanconsciousnessB．offersreaders’mindfreedomandtimetothinkC．strengthensreaders’powerofmemoryandreflectionD．allowsreaderstogainaninsightintobooksandwords2、Whyisdigitaltechnologyconsideredtohaveendangeredourbeing?A．Itpresentschallengestothereadingbrain.B．Itharmsourhumannessandhumanitygradually.C．Itisverylikelytoexpandourcontemplativespace.D．Itleavesourthoughtsandmemoriesoutofcontrol.3、Thesentence“Thefearoftechnologyisnotnew.”shouldbeplacedin________.A．① B．② C．③ D．④4、WhatcanweinferfromJohannesNaumann’sstudy?A．It’seasiertocollectinformationontheInternetthaninbooks.B．People’shabitofusingtheInternetinfluencestheirperformance.C．TheInternetisn’tsupposedtobeusedasatoolofentertainment.D．Paperreadingisbetterthanscreenreadinginimprovingcomprehension.5、The2014iPadnovel,Pry,ismentionedinthelastparagraphto______.A．introducetheoccurrenceofareadingrevolutionB．showthetechnologyemployedindigitalreadingC．provedigitalreadingnotshallowbutattractiveD．illustratetheimpactdigitalreadinghasonourlife.6、Whatisprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A．ThedeepspaceofdigitalreadingB．ThetimelyarrivalofsilentreadingC．ThedevelopmentoftraditionalreadingD．ThepotentialdamageofelectronicbooksPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)ChinesearethefirstpeopletohaveteaOnethousandandtwohundredyearsago，LuYuwroteabookcalled“TheClassicofTea”，whichishonored1．“TheBibleofTea”．Thebookgivesadetailed2．(explain)oftheorigin，theprocessingskillsandtheclassificationofteaHowever,Chineseteaculturegoesfarbeyondtea3．(it)．Takegreenteaforinstance，theidealtemperatureofthewatershouldbearound80℃Ifthewateristoohot,nutrients(营养)intheteawill4．(destroy)．Ontheotherhand，ifthewaterisnothotenough,thetea5．(leaf)won’topenandyouwillmissthepleasantlyfreshflavorSoChinesepeopleareused6．drinkinghotteaWhenyouvisitaChinesefriend，yourfriendwill7．(constant)addhotwatertoyouremptycupofteaItispolite8．(offer)theteacuptoguestswithbothhandsOfcourse，theguestsshouldpayrespectaswell,9．(take)thecupwithbothhandsTalkingaboutaddingwatertotheteacup，thereis10．saying:Winefull，fullcupTeahalf，halfcupForwine，thefullcupsymbolizeswholeheartinessFortea，thehalfcupmeansmodestyJohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon-so1．,indeed,thathe2．QueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysicianButhebecame3．whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeople4．tocholeraThiswasthedeadlydiseaseofitsdayNeitheritscausenorits5．wasunderstoodSomanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreakJohnSnowwantedtofacethechallengeandsolvethisproblemFirsttherewasEnglandWaleswas6．toitinthethirteenthcenturyNowwhenpeople7．toEnglandyoufindWales8．aswellNextEnglandandWaleswerejoinedtoScotlandintheseventeenthcenturyandthenamewaschangedto"GreatBritain"Happilythiswasaccomplishedwithout9．whenKingJamesofScotlandbecameKingofEnglandandWalesaswellFinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcenturytoformtheUnitedKingdombygettingIreland10．inthesamepeacefulwaySectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Weknowthatchoosingacollegemajorcanbeextremelyhard.1、However,itisachallengetopickonewhenitfeelsasiftherestofyouradultlifeisridingonthatchoice.Itisabigcommitment,butit’snotalifesentence.Manygraduatespursuecareersthataren’tdirectlyrelatedtotheircollegemajors,orchangecareersafterseveralyears.Youmaychoosetobaseyourdecisiononanyofthesefactors：Dreamjob2、.Maybeyoualreadyknowthatyouwanttobeanurse,adaytrader,aphysician,orawebdeveloper.Beforeyoudeclare,takeaclassortwointherelevantdiscipline,talktostudentsinthedepartmentofyourchoice.GreatambitionAccordingtoPayS,themajorsthatleadtothehighestsalariesincludejustaboutanytypeofengineering,actuarialmathematics,computerscience,physics,statistics,governmentandeconomics.Keepyourqualityoflifeinmind,too.3、.4、.Somestudentschooseamajorsimplybecausetheylovethesubjectmatter.Ifyoulovewhatyou’restudying,you’remorelikelytofullyengagewithyourclassesandcollegeexperience.5、.Ifyourcallingisphilosophy,don’twriteitoffjustbecauseyou’renotsureaboutgraduateschool,orwhatthejobmarketholdsforphilosophers.A．LoveprojectB．TheacademyoftheSchoolC．ManyschoolsofferhundredsofchoicesD．ScienceisaspecificsubjectthatcollegestudentsspecializeinE.ThatcanmeanbettergradesandgreatrelationshipswithothersinyourfieldF.Thatsevenfiguresalarymaynotbeworthitifyou’renothappyattheofficeG.Somestudentschooseamajorbecauseitwillpreparethemforaspecificcareerpathoradvancedstudy根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyculturehasitsownunwrittenlistofbehaviorthatisacceptable.Everysocietyalsohasitstaboos,ortypesofbehaviorthatareconsideredaviolation(违反)ofgoodmanners.Theword“taboo”comesfromtheTonganlanguageandisusedinmodernEnglishtodescribeverbalandnonverbalbehaviorthatisforbiddenortobeavoided.1、Theytendtobespecifictoacultureorcountry,andusuallyformaroundagroup’svaluesandbeliefs.Whatisconsideredacceptablebe