桂林理工大学外国语学院865翻译与写作历年考研真题及详解

目录

2015年桂林理工大学外国语学院865翻译与写作考研真题及详解

2016年桂林理工大学外国语学院865翻译与写作考研真题及详解

2017年桂林理工大学外国语学院865翻译与写作考研真题及详解

2018年桂林理工大学外国语学院865翻译与写作考研真题及详解

2015年桂林理工大学外国语学院

865翻译与写作考研真题及详解

Ⅰ.SentenceTranslation(30points)

1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish(15points)

(1)“难道这也是个痴丫头，又像颦儿来葬花不成”？因又自笑道：“若真

也葬花，可谓东施效颦了；不但不为新奇，而且更是可厌。”

【参考译文】

“CanthisbeanothermaidcomeheretoburyflowerslikeDaiyu?”He

wonderedinsomeamusement.“Ifso,she’sTungShihimitatingHsiShih,

whichisn’toriginalbutrathertiresome.”(HsiShihwasafamousbeautyin

theancientKingdomofYueh,TungShihwasanuglygirlwhotriedto

imitateherway.)

(2)谁能否认海的伟大呢？我爱海，并不仅仅因为她的颜色美丽，和藏

在海底那许多有趣的玩意儿，而是爱她的胸襟广阔，化污秽为清洁。

【参考译文】

Thereisnodenyingthemightinessofthesea.Ilovehernotonlybecauseshe

hasthebecautifulhuesandmanyintriguingobjectshiddendeepunderneath

her,butalsobecausesheisbroadandliberalenoughtoturnthefoulinto

pure.

(3)但我不能放歌，悄悄是别离的笙箫；夏虫也为我沉默，沉默是今晚

的康桥。

【参考译文】

ButIcan’tsingaloud,quietnessismyfarewellmusic;Evensummerinsects

heapsilenceforme,silentisCambridgetonight.

2.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese(15points)

(1)Itwouldprovethatallisnotlost,thatthesunisgoingtorise,andthat

mencanstillhavehope.

【参考译文】

可以证明，并非一切都完了，太阳依然会升起来，人们仍然有希望。

(2)WhenItrytounderstandwhatitisthatpreventssomanyAmericansfrom

beingashappyasonemightexpect,itseemstomethattherearetwocauses,

ofwhichonegoesmuchdeeperthantheother.

【参考译文】

当我试图去理解是什么阻挡了许多美国人得到他们应有的快乐时，我发

现个中原因实在不少。

(3)I’veletthecatoutofthebagalready,Mr.Corthell,andImightaswell

tellthewholethingnow.

【参考译文】

我已经泄露了秘密，科塞先生，我干脆现在把全部情况都告诉你吧。

Ⅱ.PassageTranslation(70points)

1.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish(35points)

我每次过上海，多半是匆匆三五天，只有很少几次是超过一星期的。像

一个虽常见面但无深交的熟人，不很了解，但其音容笑貌却是难忘的。

上海是一个神秘的地方！我在宜兴农村的童年时代，每见到上海人回

乡，也总爱挤在人丛中听他们讲讲花花世界的见闻，夏天，他们穿着黑

色的香云纱，我以为香云纱就是上海人的标志。在上海做事的人显然

比乡下人高贵多了，他们似乎很有钱，带回来的整筒饼干和美女月份牌

就够令人羡慕了，后来我才知道他们都是当女工、小工和保姆的，挣

钱并不那么容易。和百分之九十九的乡亲们一样，我的父母也从未见过

上海，虽然相距并不算远，但上海对他们永远是一个遥远的天国。近几

年我每到北站候车，总听到地道的乡音，年迈的乡亲们常来上海观光

了，他们的子女在工厂、大学及科研单位工作，他们有福气了。

外滩是大上海的面貌特征吧，南京路一带的高楼大厦曾是上海人向乡下

佬描述的骄傲。后来当我在伦敦过了一个暑假，发现那文艺复兴时代式

样的古代楼房、那狭窄的街道，与南京路一带何其相似！不是伦敦像南

京路，而是按照伦敦的某些模式捏造了南京路，让人们回忆上海滩形成

的史迹吧！然而南京路还是有自己的特色的：人多。这可与北京的王

府井争冠军，争世界冠军去！

【参考译文】

WheneverIpassedthroughShanghai,Iwouldstaythereforonlythreeor

fourdays,seldommorethanaweek.Sothecity,likeapersonwhoismoreof

anoddingacquaintancethanaclosefriendofmine,isstillratherunfamiliar

tome.Butitslookandvoiceareunforgettable.

Shanghaiisamysteriousplace!WhenIwasachildlivinginthecountryside

ofYixing,Iusedtoelbowmywayintoabigcrowdsoastolistento

someonelatelyreturnedfromShanghaichattingaboutthingshehadseenand

heardinthedazzlingcity.Tome,theirsummerwearofdark-colored

xiangyuanshawascharacteristicofaShanghailander.Evidently,thosewho

hadbeenworkinginShanghaienjoyedamuchhigherstatusthantheirfellow

villagers.Theyseemedtobequiterich.Thetinsofbiscuitsandwall

calendarswithpinupgirlsonthemtheyhadbroughthomeweretheenvyof

allcountryfolks.Later,Ilearned,however,thattheyhadbeenearningmoney

thehardwaybybecomingfactoryworkers,oldjobbersorhousemaids.Like

99percentofourfellowvillagers,myparentshadneverbeentoShanghai.

ThoughlivingnotremotefromShanghai,theyhadtoregarditasan

inaccessibleparadiseonearth.Inrecentyears,ofteninthewaitingroomof

ShanghaiNorthernRailwayStation,Ihaveoverheardsometravelers

speakingwithapureaccentofmynativeplace.Theyareapparentlyelderly

villagersfrommyhometownwho,thankstotheirchildrenworkinginlocal

factories,universitiesorresearchinstitutes,cannowwellaffordtovisitthe

cityonsight-seeingtours.

TheBundisamarkedfeatureofGreaterShanghai.Shanghailandersusedto

describetocountryfolkswithpridehowNanjingRoadislinedwithhigh-

rises.Later,whileIwasinLondonforasummervacation,Inoticedthe

remarkableresemblancebetweensomeofthenarrowstreetstherewiththeir

renaissance-styleancientbuildingsandNanjingRoad.ButIwouldrathersay

thatitisNanjingRoadthathasbeenmodeledafterLondon.Well,let’s

reviewthehistoryofShanghai!Nevertheless,NanjingRoadhasa

characteristicofitsown,thatit,streetcongestion.Inthisrespect,itcanvie

withWangfujingofBeijingforchampionship,orworldchampionship.

2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese(35points)

IfearIcannotpictureAmericaasaltogetheranElysium—perhaps,fromthe

ordinarystandpointIknowlittleaboutthecountry.Icannotgiveitslatitude

andlongitude;Icannotcomputethevalueofitsdrygoods,andIhaveno

verycloseacquaintancewithitspolitics.Thesearematterswhichmaynot

interestyou,andtheycertainlyarenotinterestingtome.

ThefirstthingthatstruckmeonlandinginAmericawasthatifthe

Americansarenotthemostwell-dressedpeopleintheworld,theyarethe

mostcomfortabledressed.Menareseentherewiththedreadfulchimney-pot

hat,butthereareveryfewhatlessmen;menweartheshockingswallow-tail

coat,butfewaretobeseenwithnocoatatall.Thereisanairofcomfortin

theappearanceofthepeoplewhichisamarkedcontrasttothatseeninthis

country;where,toooften,peopleareseeninclosecontactwithrags.

Thenextthingparticularlynoticeableisthateverybodyseemsinahurryto

catchatrain.Thisisstateofthingswhichisnotfavorabletopoetryor

romance.HadRomeoorJulietbeeninaconstantstateofanxietyabout

trains,orhadtheirmindsbeenagitatedbythequestionofreturn-ticket,

Shakespearecouldnothavegivenusthoselovelybalconysceneswhichare

sofullofpoetryandpathos.

【参考译文】

我恐怕不能把美国描绘成十足的天堂——从一般的角度来说，我对这个

国家所知甚少。我说不出它的经、纬度；我算不出来它出产谷物的价

值；我对它的政治也不十分熟悉。这些东西可能不会使你感兴趣，当然

也不会使我感兴趣。

在美国上岸后得到第一个印象，就是美国人可能算不上是穿得最漂亮

的，但却是穿得最舒服的民族。那里看得到头顶不堪入目的烟囱是高顶

礼帽的男人，但很少有不戴帽子的男人；还看到穿着难看至极的燕尾服

的男人，但很少有不穿外套的男人。美国的穿戴透漏着舒适，这和在我

国常可以看到的人们衣衫褴褛的情形形成了鲜明的对比。

我特别注意到的第二个特点，是似乎每个人都在急着赶火车。这种情形

对诗歌和浪漫爱情是不利的。要是罗密欧和朱丽叶老是为乘火车而担

心，或是为返程车票而烦恼，莎士比亚就不可能写出那几幕如此富有诗

意与伤感情调的阳台戏了。

Ⅲ.Composition(50points)

Direction:Writeacompositionwithnolessthan400wordswiththetheme

of“上善若水”。

【参考范文】

VictorHugosaid:“Themostimportantqualityforamaniskindness.”Why

kindnessisimportant?Kindnessisonemostimportantqualityforhuman

beingdistinguishedfromtheanimal.Withoutkindness,thehumankindwill

beselfish,indifferent,andnotsympathy.Therearemanynewsabouthow

peopleunfilial,hurtothersmaliciously,corruptandmanyotherimmoralities.

Notonlytheyarelackofconsciencebutalsotheyhavenokindness.

Kindnessistounderstandeachother,careaboutothers.Akindpeoplewould

liketohelpothers.Hewouldnothurtothers.Kindnessisimportantfornot

onlypeoplebutalsoimportanttothecountryandtheworld.Ifcountrieshave

akindheart,therewon’tbewars,andthewholeworldcanbeinharmony

whichwillbenefiteveryone.

Weshouldbekindheartedandgenerous.“Ifyouhavemuch,giveyour

wealth.Ifyouhavelittle,giveyouheart”.Itisafamousproverbthatspeaks

thetruth.Itisalwaysnicetobewithyourfamily,watchingTVshows

together,anddrinkhotchocolate.However,therearemanyhomelesspeople,

orevenchildrenouttherethatareabandoned,orhavenowheretogo.They

deservehappinessandloveasmuchaswedo.Weshouldbekindheartedand

generous,andhelpthemout.Therearesimplethingswecandotomakeour

societybetter,suchus,Asmile,ahandshake,ahug,orevensaying“hello”to

thelessfortunatepeople.Wehavetoexpressourlovetothem,toshowthat

theyarecared.Inthatcase,wecanmaketheworldabetterplacetolivein

foroneandforall!

Kindnessisnotakindofaccomplishment,anditismorethanakindof

virtue.Tobekinddoesnotmeanbeingsotimid,itmeansmagnanimousby

keepinganopenmind.Tobekindshouldownthecharactersofbeingstrictto

yourselfandtreatingotherswithaheartfullofmercy.Easilyforgiving

yourselfisnotkindnessandit’sweaknessinstead.Italsointermsofpeople

totreatotherswithaheartfullofmercy.Howwidetheworldis,butthere

existssomethingwiderthanit.Itispeople’sheart.Weallknowthatkindnees

canmakeourjourneylighterandmoreenjoyable.Let’slearntobeakind

person.

【解析】

本文第一段引入了“上善若水”这一主题；第二段阐述了善良的重要性；

第三段阐述了我们该如何做到善良；第四段总结全文呼吁大家做一个善

良的人。

2016年桂林理工大学外国语学院

865翻译与写作考研真题及详解

Ⅰ.SentenceTranslation(30points)

1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish(15points)

(1)进入桂花公园，阵阵桂香扑鼻而来。满树金花、芳香四溢的金桂；

花白如雪、香气扑鼻的银桂；红里透黄、花多味浓的紫砂桂：花色似

银、季季有花的四季桂，竞相开放，争妍媲美。

【参考译文】

TheparkofSweetOsmanthusisnotedforitsprofusionofosmanthustrees.

Flowersfromthesetreesindifferentcolorsareinfullbloomwhichpervade

thewholegaedenwiththefragranceoftheirblossoms.

(2)我更爱躺在洁净轻柔的细沙上，静听着海潮的倾诉；当微风轻轻地

从我身边掠过，那种又清凉又轻松的感觉，真是舒适极了，甜美极了！

【参考译文】

I’mevenmoreinclinedtolieonthecleanandsoftsandybeachandlisten

quietlytotheseaunbosomingitself.Howcomfortableandrefreshediwillbe

tofeelthecoolgentleseabreezebrushingpastme!

(3)鼓起勇气，做你的心指引你去做的事吧！这样你就不会因为没有做

而日后生出悔恨。

【参考译文】

Screwupyourcouragetodosomethingtofollowyoursoul,leavingnoregret

fornevertryinginthefuture.

2.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese(15points)

(1)Mr.Somerville—amostdelightfulman,towhommydebtisgreat—was

chargedwiththedutyofteachingthestupidestboysthemostdisregarded

thing—namely,towritemereEnglish.

【参考译文】

萨默维尔先生，一位很和蔼可亲，令我感激不尽的老师，负责教最愚笨

的学生最受忽视的课程，即用英文写作。

(2)Thetimecouldhavebeenmoreprofitablyspentinmakingadetailed

investigation.

【参考译文】

如果当初把时间花在细致的调查研究上，益处就更多了。

(3)ItisquiteunderstandablethattheUnitedNations,havingnolifeexcept

thatwhichitsmembersgivetoit,shouldshowevidenceofthemaladiesthat

ispresentintheworldtoday.

【参考译文】

正因为联合国的生命是它的成员国赋予的，因此联合国也呈现出今天世

界上所存在的各种病症，这是完全可以理解的。

Ⅱ.PassageTranslation(70points)

1.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish(35points)

毛泽东预测说这场战争将会持久而艰难。历史上武装斗争的领导人不向

其追随者许诺速胜者可谓凤毛麟角，毛泽东肯定是其中之一。他的坦率

事先消除了人们破碎梦幻中的失败主义情绪。另一方面，毛泽东正确地

估计了进行革命动员后以中国的人力和物资资源为后盾的强大的持久

力，从而有助于增强人们更为持久的自信。他指明了中国的民族战争在

融入世界战争之前为了支撑下去而将不得不釆取的那种战略和策略，这

场战争包括日本对英国人、法国人、荷兰人以及美国人的进攻。他警告

说世界战争是不可避免的，虽然当时许多欧洲人和美国人并不这么认

为。

【参考译文】

MaoZedongpredictedthatthewarwouldbelongandtough.MaoZedongis

certainlyoneofthefewleadersofarmedstruggleinhistorywhodidnot

promisetheirfollowersaquickvictory.Hisfranknessdispelleddefeatist

feelingsinbrokendreamsbeforehand.Ontheotherhand,MaoZedong

correctlyestimatedthegreatenduringpowerofrevolutionarymobilization

backedbyChina’shumanandmaterialresources,thushelpingtobuild

people’smoreenduringconfidence.Hepointedoutthekindofstrategiesand

tacticsthatChina’snationalwarwouldhavetoemploytosustainitselfbefore

itcouldbeintegratedintotheworldwar,whichincludedJapaneseattackson

theBritish,theFrench,theDutch,andtheAmericans.Hewarnedthatworld

warwasinevitable,thoughmanyEuropeansandAmericansdidnotthinkso

atthattime.

2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese(35points)

Themenwhofoundedmodernsciencehadtwomeritswhicharenot

necessarilyfoundtogether:immensepatienceinobservation,andgreat

boldnessinframinghypothesis.Thesecondofthesemeritshadbelongedto

theearliestGreekphilosophers;thefirstexisted,toaconsiderabledegree,in

thelaterastronomersofantiquity.Butnooneamongtheancients,except

perhapsAristarchus,possessedbothmerits,andnooneintheMiddleAges

possessedeither.Copernicus,likehisgreatsuccessors,possessedboth.He

knewallthatcouldbeknown,withtheinstrumentsexistinginhisday,about

theapparentmotionsoftheheavenlybodiesonthecelestialsphere,andhe

perceivedthatthediurnalrotationoftheearthwasamoreeconomical

hypothesisthantherevolutionofallthecelestialspheres.

Apartfromtherevolutionaryeffectoncosmicimagination,thegreatmerits

ofthenewastronomyweretwo:first,therecognitionthatwhathadbeen

believedsinceancienttimesmightbefalse;second,thatthetestofscientific

truthispatientcollectionoffacts,combinedwithboldguessingastolaws

bindingthefactstogether.NeithermeritissofullydevelopedinCopernicus

asinhissuccessors,butbotharealreadypresentinahighdegreeinhiswork.

【参考译文】

创立近代科学的那些人有两种不一定并存的长处：做观察时十分耐心，

设假说时有大无畏精神。其中第二种长处最早期的希腊哲学家先前曾有

过，第一种长处在古代晚期的天文家身上也有相当程度的表现。但是在

古代人中间，也许除亚里士达克外，没有人同时具备这两种长处，而中

世纪的时候更无人具备任何一种。哥白尼像他的一些伟大后继者，两者

兼有。关于各天体在天球上的外观运动，用当时所有的仪器所能知道的

一切他都知道；并且他认识到，地球每日自转一周这种讲法和所有天体

旋转这种讲法比起来，是个较简便的假说。

除了对宇宙想象的革命性影响之外，新天文学的巨大优点有两点：第

一，认识到自古以来人们所相信的可能是错误的；第二，对科学真理的

检验是耐心地收集事实，并大胆猜测把事实结合在一起的规律。这两种

优点在哥白尼身上都没有像在他的继任者身上那样得到充分发挥，但在

他的作品中，这两种优点都已经得到了高度的体现。

Ⅲ.Composition(50points)

Direction:Writeacompositionwithnolessthan400wordswiththetitleof

“RealFriend”.

【参考范文】

RealFriend

Friendsareveryimportantforus.Whenweareintrouble,weneedfriendsto

offerusanencouragementandhelp.Weallliketomakefriends,becauseno

onecansurvivewithoutafriend.Indeed,wemakefriendsindifferentstage,

evenweareold,westillmakefriends.Thus,onemayhavelotsoffriends.

However,notallfriendsarerealfriens.

Everyoneneedsafriend,becausewearenottheonlyoneintheworld.We

needsomeonetotalktoandshareourhappinessandsorrow.Afriendis

someonewhowecantrust,wedon’thavetohideourselvesandjustwhowe

are.Wewillfeelcomfortablewiththem.Whenweareintrouble,wewill

thinkofthemandtheywillcometohelp.Formillionsofyears,peoplehave

heapedbeautifulversesandessaysuponfriendship.Yet,they,too,have

mercilesslyaccusedfalsefriendship,fortherearealwayssomemean

characterswhoapproachedyouandactasdearfriendswhenyouarewealthy

orinfluential,butdesertorevenbetrayyoutheinstantyoucomedowninthe

worldorareentrappedbyunfortunatethings.Therefore,peopleallattach

greatimportancetotherecognitionoftruefriendship.

Whatisarealfriend?Still,itisnaturalthatdifferentpeopleobservedifferent

principlesinmakingfriends.Someviewitimportanttomakefriendswith

whomtheymaysharesimilarinterestsorhobbieswith.Iamofthosewho

thinkverylittleofsimilarityorpositionorpower.Solongasapersonhasa

heartofgold,beingselflessandhonest,Iamwillingtomakefriendswith

himorher,givemyduesupportandhelp,andremainfaithfultohimorher

allmylife.Afaithfulfriendisconsideredevenmorepreciousthanapriceless

pearlorapreciousstone.

Astheoldsayingsays,“afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”Knowinghow

valuablefriendshipis,weshouldbeverycarefulinmakingfriends.Real

friendsarethosewhohavegoodcharacter,superiorabilityandkindnessof

heart.Realfriendscansharealloursorrowsanddoubleallourjoys.While

makingfriends,weshouldtakecaretoselectthosewhohavesuchfine

qualities.Thenweshouldtreatourfriendswithcourtesy,becarefulnotto

interfereunreasonablywiththem,andnottoridiculetheirproceedings.We

shouldforgivetheirfailuresanddoourbesttohelpthem.Inshort,whenwe

haveestablishedfriendship,weoughttocherishandtreasureitbymeansof

wordsanddeeds.Onlythus,canwedeveloprealfriendshipandkeepthe

sacredlampoffriendshipburningallourlife.

【解析】

本文第一段引出“朋友”这一主题；第二段阐述了“虚假朋友”的存在；第

三段过渡引出“真正的朋友”这一概念；第四段总结升华主旨，教我们如

何建立真正的友谊。

2017年桂林理工大学外国语学院

865翻译与写作考研真题及详解

Ⅰ.SentenceTranslation(30points)

1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish(15points)

(1)从前线回来的人说起白求恩，没有一个不佩服，没有一个不为他的

精神所感动。

【参考译文】

Noonewhoreturnedfromthefrontfailedtoexpressadmirationforthe

Bethunewheneverhisnamewasmentionedandnoneremainedunmovedby

hisaction.

(2)孔乙己不回答，对柜里说，“温两碗酒，要一碟茴香豆”，便排出九

文大钱。

【参考译文】

KongYijididnotanswer,hesaidtothewaiter,“warmtwobowlsofwine,

andIwantadishoffennelbeans”,thenhegaveninecoins.

(3)欲把西湖比西子，淡妆浓抹总相宜。

【参考译文】

TheWestLakelookslikethefairladyatherbest.Whethersheisrichly

adornedorplainlydressed.

2.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese(15points)

(1)BeforemygraduationfromColumbia,thefamilymetwithsevere

financialreversesandIfeltitmydutytoleavecollegeandtakeajob.

【参考译文】

在我还没来得及从哥伦比亚大学毕业前，家里遭遇了严重的经济困难。

我深知作为家中的一员，自己有责任帮助家里摆脱困境，于是退学去找

了一份工作。

(2)Theyhavedevelopedabiodegradablematerialthatcanabsorb5,000

timesitsweightinwater,2.5timesthecapacityofearlierexperimental

materials.

【参考译文】

他们已经开发出一种生物可降解材料，在水里可以吸收自身5000倍的重

量，是早期实验材料的2.5倍。

(3)Mr.Bennetwassooddamixtureofquickparts,sarcastichumor,reserve

andcaprice,thattheexperienceofthreeandtwentyyearshadbeen

insufficienttomakehiswifeunderstandhischaracter.

【参考译文】

本内特先生是这样的一个混合物，反应很快，讽刺而又幽默，不太讲

话，变化无常，以至于二十又三年的经验都不足以使他的妻子懂得他的

性格。

Ⅱ.PassageTranslation(70points)

1.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish(35points)

书房，是读书人心目中的一个私人领地，一个精神家园，一个智慧的世

界。到过几位朋友家的书房，尽管大小各不相同，陈设各异，但四壁书

橱架上，层层叠叠的书籍，或排成整齐的行列，或纵横交错如阡陌丛

林，满屋子到处都是书，则大体相同。新时期以来，各种多卷本全套硬

面精装的文集，形形色色的选集，足以令书房生辉。其间不乏名著佳

作，可作为文化积累，但也难免混杂一些文化垃圾。当然，这些都无碍

于书房主人坐拥书城之乐。

书房永远是令人向往的去处。我从事笔耕数十年，从来没有一间自己的

书房，一间独立的、完整的、名副其实的书房。

【参考译文】

Thestudyistoascholarhisprivatedomain,hisspiritualhomeandhis

intellectualworld.I’vebeentothestudiesofseveralfriends.Thoughof

differentsizesandwithdifferentfurnishings,theyareneverthelessaboutthe

sameinboastingaroomfulofbooks.Booksshelvedinbookcasesliningthe

fourwalls.Bookseitherpileduponeuponanother,ordisplayedinneatrows,

orlaidoutindisorderlikefieldswithcrisscrossfootpathsorajungle.In

recentyears,theappearanceofvariousmultivolumecollectedworksin

deluxeeditionsaswellasselectedworksofeverydescriptionhasaddedto

thesplendorofastudy.Amongthemthereisnolackofgreatclassicsand

masterwritings.Ontheotherhand,sometrashisinevitablymixedwiththem

too.Butthatdoesn’thindertheownerofthestudyfromenjoyingthe

companyofhislibrary.

Astudyisalwaysaplaceofenormousappealtous.I’vebeenengagedin

writingforseveraldecades,butI’veneverhadastudyofmyown–astudy

thatisindependent,intactandtruetoitsname,thatis.

2.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese(35points)

Weareallthroughourlives,aburdentoothers.Fromthemomentof

conception,wearenourishedandnurturedbyothers.Asadultswelearnto

payforornegotiateourmutualneeds,butthefactremainsthatittakesan

invisiblearmyofotherpeopletogrowourfood,cleanourclothes,maintain

ourroads,fuelourfurnaces.Whenwemarry,weacceptanother’spledgeto

stickwithusinsicknessandhealth,prosperityandpoverty.Theyloadwelay

onothersonlybecomesmorevisible,lessdeniable,asweage.

Ourstillrelativelynewculture,whichmakesbothlivinganywhereandliving

longerpossible,willnodoubtdevoteagooddealofpublicresourcesand

privateenergyinthenearfuturetofiguringouthowbesttocareforitsolder

members.ShouldIliveanother20years,Iwillbeaburden—tomyspouseor

mychildrenorthestate,ifnotallthree.WhatImostwanttolearnduring

decades,therefore,isnothowtolivelonger,notnecessarilyevenhowlivea

healthierormoreproductivelife,buthowbesttobeaburden.Onethatmight

alsobeablessing.

【参考译文】

我们的一生，都是别人的负担。从怀孕的那一刻起，我们就被别人滋养

着。作为成年人，我们学会了为彼此的需求买单或进行谈判，但事实仍

然是，我们需要一支他人组成的无形的大军来种植食物、清洁衣服、修

路、给炉子加燃料。当我们结婚时，我们接受另一个人的承诺，无论疾

病与健康、繁荣与贫穷都与我们相伴。随着年龄的增长，我们对他人施

加的压力只会变得更明显、更不容否认。

在不久的将来，我们仍然相对较新的文化无疑会投入大量的公共资源和

私人精力来研究如何最好地照顾老年人。如果我再活20年，我将成为我

的配偶、孩子或国家的负担，如果不是全部的话。因此，在过去的几十

年里，我最想学习的不是如何活得更长，甚至不一定是如何活得更健康

或更富有成效，而是如何成为最好的负担。这也可能是一种祝福。

Ⅲ.Composition(50points)

Direction:Writeacompositionwithnolessthan400wordswiththetitleof

“UniversityStudents’Innovation.”

【参考范文】

UniversityStudents’Innovation

Inrecentyears,thecreativityofuniversitystudentsisalwaysmentioned

becauseofthefactthatitisgenerallyacceptedthatcollegestudentsare

largelydeficientofthecreativeabilities.Itseemsthatanincreasingamount

ofthestudentsaremerelysatisfiedwithcomprehendingorevencopying

others’thinkings,ideasorachivementsratherthandevelopingsomething

newoftheirown.

Themainreasonthatgivesrisetotheissuereferedabove,inmyview,isthat

collegeshavenotfullyfulfilledtheirresponsibilitiestocultivategeneral,

creativeandqualifiedstuentsandtheuniversitystudentsarenotactivein

innivativeactivities.Allofthesecolleges’attentionareonthebasisofthe

tests,whichforcesthestudentsstudymorefortheirgradesthanfortheir

synchronizedqualities.Asaresult,moststudentshavenoenoughtimeand

energytopractisetheircreativeabilities.Thereisnodoubtinsayingthat

withoutinnovation,wewilllackthecompetenceweneedtohaveafoothold

insociety.Therefore,onlythroughinnovationcanwemakeourselves

competentandcompetitive.Owingtotheseriousissueswehavetoconfront

with,thewholesocietyshouldtakemeasurestosolveit.

Collegesaresupposedtopaymoreattentiononthequalityeducation.

Therefore,Istronglysuggestthatschoolauthoritiestakesomeactionsto

cultivatestudents’scientificandtechnologicalinnovationcapacities.First,

schoolauthoritiesshouldestablishastudents’scientificandtechnological

innovationcenteranddevelopsomeprogramsthatfacilitateinnovation

activities.Secondly,asteachersplayanessentialroleingeneratingnew

technologyandnewresearchapproachesintheirin-classinstructionand

createanenvironmentforinnivation-orientedlearning,theyaresupposedto

takeactivemeasurestocreatesuchchannels.Thirdly,someleturetopics

shouldfocusonfosteringthetransformationofknowledgeintotheproducts,

processes,systemsandservicesthatfueleconomicdevelopment,create

wealthandgenerateimprovementsinthestandardofliving.Collegesand

universitiesaremakinggoodeffortstostrengthentheeducationofcollege

studentsininnovationandentrepreneurship,helpingthemsetupthethoughts

ofinnovationandentrepreneurshipandcultivatingtheirconsciousnessof

innovationandentrepreneurship,whichmeetstherequirementsof

developmentoftheeraandthedemandofmarketeconomydevelopment,and

alsoistheinevitablechoicefortheinnovation-orientedconstructionofour

country.Atpresent,thetraditionaleducationmodeofuniversitiesand

collegesareraisingtheirconsciousnessofinnovation.

Innovationcomesfromhands-onpractise.Thus,inthecontextoftheir

ability,schoolsshouldoperatemoreexperimentalcourse.Letstudentsdo

hands-onpracticeandletthemdiscoverandsolvetheproblemsduringthe

processofpractice.Anditishightimethatweshouldsetourmindfreeand

strideforwardtomakeoueselvesjointhestreamofinnovation.

【解析】

本文第一段介绍了大学生创新的现状；第二段阐释了这一现状存在的原

因；第三段阐述了解决问题的措施；第四段总结升华主题。

2018年桂林理工大学外国语学院

865翻译与写作考研真题及详解

Ⅰ.SentenceTranslation(30points)

1.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish(15points)

(1)他读了很多书，古今中外都有。

【参考译文】

Hereadallkindsofbooks,ancientandmodern,Chineseandforeign.

(2)交翻译之前，必须读几遍，看看有没有需要修改的地方。

【参考译文】

Beforehandinginyourtranslation,youhavetoreaditoverandoveragain

andseeifthereisanythinginittobecorrectedorimproved.

(3)这些价值观和孔子宣扬的一些思想有很多相同之处，孔子的思想强

调的是中庸适度。

【参考译文】

Thesevalueshavemuchincommonwithsomeofthevirtuesof

Confucianism,theChinesephilosophythatstressesmoderation.

2.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese(15points)

(1)Anthropologistshavediscoveredthatfear,happiness,sadness,and

surpriseareuniversallyreflectedinfacialexpressions.

【参考译文】

人类学家已经发现，恐惧、快乐、忧伤和惊奇都会行之于色，这在全人

类是共通的。

(2)Itismoredifficulttowritesimply,directly,andeffectivelythanto

employflowerybutvagueexpressionsthatonlyobscureone’smeaning.

【参考译文】

简单、直接、有效的表达比采用华丽的辞藻含糊的表达更困难，后者只

是含糊的表达某人的意图。

(3)Thedevelopmentofmechanicaltimepiecesspurredthesearchformore

accuratesundialswithwhichtoregulatethem.

【参考译文】

机械计时器的发展促使人们寻求更精确的日晷，以便校准机械计时器。

Ⅱ.PassageTranslation(70points)

1.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish(35points)

小巷的动人之处就是它无比的悠闲。无论谁，只要你到巷里去踯躅一

会，你的心情就会如巷尾不波的古井，那是一种和平的静穆，而不是阴

森和肃杀。它闹中取静，别有天地，仍是人间。它可能是一条现代的乌

衣巷，家家有自己的一本哀乐帐一部兴衰史，可是重门叠户，讳莫如

深。夕阳影里，野花闲草，燕子低飞，寻觅归家。只是一片澄明如水的

气氛，净化一切，笼罩一切，使人忘忧。

巷，是人海汹汹中的一道避风塘，给人带来安全感；是城市扰攘中的一

带洞天幽静，胜似皇家阁道，便于平常百姓徘徊徜徉。爱逐臭争利，锱

铢必较的，请到长街闹市去；爱轻嘴薄舌的，争是论非的，请到茶馆酒

楼去；爱锣鼓钲镗，管弦嗷嘈的，请到歌台剧院去：爱宁静淡泊，沉思

默想的，深深的小巷在欢迎你。

【参考译文】

Thecharmofthealleyliesinitsabsoluteserenity.Nomatterwhoyouare,if

youloiteraroundinthelaneforawhile,yourmindwillbecomeasunruffled

astheancientwellattheendofthelane.Thereyouwillexperienceakindof

peacefulcalmnessratherthangloomysternness.Therereignspeaceandquiet

inthemidstofnoisybustle.Itisaworldofitsownonearth.Itmaybea

modernversionofWuyiXiang,aspecialresidentialareaofnobilityintheJin

dynastysoutheastoftoday’sNanjing,whereeachfamily,secludedbehind

closeddoors,hasitsowncovered-upstoryofjoysandsorrows,andriseand

decline.Whenthesunissetting,swallowswillflylowoverwildflowersand

grassontheirwaytotheirnests.Theall-pervadingandall-purifying

atmosphereofwater-likeplacidnessmakesoneforgetallcaresandworries.

Thelaneisasafehavenforthosestrugglingintheturbulentseaofhumansto

enjoyasenseofsecurity.Itisaheavenlyabodeinthemidstofconfusion.

Unliketheerstwhileplank-pavedpathusedexclusivelybytheimperial

familyfortheirvehiclestomoveonsmoothly,thelaneisplaceforthe

commonpeopletoroamaboutleisurely.Thosewhostriveafterfameand

gain,andhaggleovereverypenny,pleasegotothedowntownarea!Those

whoaresharp-tonguedandquarrelsome,pleasegototheteahouseor

restaurant!Thosewholovedeafeninggongsanddrumsaswellasnoisywind

andstringinstruments,pleasegototheoperahouseo