2022-2023学年浙江省湖州市高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

2022-2023学年浙江省湖州市高一（下）期末英语试卷

一、选词填空-句子（本大题共1小题，共1.0分）

1.Thepainfulexperiencehasaffectedbothhermandphysicalhealth.

二、阅读理解（本大题共U小题，共27.5分）

A

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项

涂黑。

ChrisDempseyfirstlearnedaboutHeatherKruegerwhenhewasonhisbreakatwork.Heoverheardhis

coworkerJackDwyermentionthathiscousinHeatherhadjustdevelopedstageIVliver（肝）disease.She

wasonly25,Dwyersaid,butshewouldn'tsurvivemuchlongerunlessshecouldhavealivertransplant

（移植）.

Dempseywantedtohelp.nIfsomeoneinmyfamilywereinHeather'ssituation,Iwouldwantsomebodyto

stepupandhelpme,“saidDempsey,whophonedthehospitalandimmediatelystartedthetesting.He

wasn'tsurewhatwouldhappentoKruegerifhewasn'tamatch.Butafewweekslater,thetestscame

back.Theywerepositive,andDempseywashappytogiveupto55%ofhislivertosaveKrueger'slife.

DempseywantedtocallKruegertotellherthegoodnews.Thoughthey'dtexted,they'dneverspoken

befbre.AfterKruegerhungupthephone,sherandownthehalltohermotherandcried.WhenDempsey

hungup,hefelt"likeatotallynewperson.'1

Afewdayslater,DempseyandKruegermettodiscusstheoperation,buttheyendeduptalkingabout

muchmorethings.Kruegerexplainedthatshehadtoquitherjobasanursingassistantwhenherillness

becametooserious.Still,asDempseyrememberedit,“Shedidn*tlooklikeapersonwhowassick.She

wasbeautiful,andshehadthissmileonherfacetheentire.time.ltwasamazinghowhighherspirits

were."Moreover,thetwoplannedforapublicfundraisingtohelppayKruegefsmedicalbills.

Onthedayofthetransplant,DempseyandKruegersatsidebysideinhospitalbeds,surroundedbytheir

families.Theoperationwentwellandtheywerebothreleasedfromthehospitalwithinamonth.

2.WhydidDempseydecidetohelpKrueger?

A.Becauseofhisownexperience.

B.Outofhiscareandkindnessforothers.

C.BecauseKruegerwashiscousin.

D.BecausehiscoworkerJackaskedhimtodoso.

3.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeDempsey?

A.Kind-hearted.B.Open-minded.C.Strong-willed.D.Good-tempered.

4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.OneofDempsey*sfamilymembers-oncehaddevelopedthesamediseaseasKrueger.

B.DempseywassoexcitedthathecriedwhensharingthegoodnewswithKrueger.

C.AfterKruegergottheliverdisease,shewasinlowspiritssoshegaveupherjob.

D.Kruegeralwayskeptapositiveattitudetowardslifethoughfacingahealthproblem.

B

PuffinBooks,thepublisherofUKwriterRoaldDahFsclassicchildren'sbookslikeMatildaandThe

Witches,cameunderfireinFebruaryduetotheirchoicetocutouthundredsofimpolitewordssuchas

Hfat"and"ugly,'inRoaldDahl'sstoriestomakethemmoreacceptabletomodernreaders.

AlthoughthepublisherarguedthattheyweremeanttoallowDahl'sbookstocontinuetobeenjoyedbyall

today,manypeoplewerestillangeredbythepractice.BookerPrize-winningauthorSalmanRushdiewas

amongthosewhoreactedangrilytotherewritingofDahFswords.Hesaidthat"it'simportantthatworksof

literaturearepreserved”,notedSkyNews.

AccordingtoTheConversation,"children'sliteratureimplicitly（潜移默化地）shapesthemindsofchild

readersbypresentingparticularsocialandculturevalues.Childrencanbeinfluencedeasilytoworkswhich

canshapethewaytheygrowupandunderstandtheworld.1'

Personally,Ibelieveintheintelligenceofchildrentoexploretheworldaroundthem.ltisthejobof

teachers,parentsandthatotheradultguardianstohelpchildrenunderstandthatbooksareproductsoftheir

timesandthatauthors-eventhebestamongthem-arehumanbeingswiththeirownflaws（缺点）.

AfteralbjustasSuzanneNossel,CEOofPENAmerica,anonprofitorganizationthatprotectswriters

andfreedomofexpression,wroteonherTwitter,"Ifwestarttochangeandadaptthegreatworksinstead

ofallowingreaderstoreceiveandreacttobooksaswritten,weriskdestroyingthebeautythatliterature

offers."

Withthiskindofunderstandinginmind,wecanprovidechildrenwiththetoolstojudgeandsortoutwhat

theyread.Thisisaskillneedednowmorethaneverinatimeof"fakenews"andtherapidspreadof

disinformation（虚假消息）.

5.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"thepractice"inparagraph2referto?

A.PuffinBookschangedsomeimpolitewordsinRoaldDahl'sstories.

B.PuffinBooksremovedsomerudewordsfromRoaldDahl'sstories.

C.PuffinBookspreservedsomeimpolitewordsinRoaldDahfsstories.

D.PuffinBooksallowedDahl'sbookstocontinuetobeenjoyedbyall.

6.WhichofthefollowingwouldSuzanneNosselmostprobablyagreewith?

A.Parentsandteacherareresponsibletohelpchildrenunderstandtheclassics.

B.Thechangetothegreatworkswillmakethemmoreattractive.

C.Childrencanbeinfluencedbythebookstheyread.

D.Greatworksshouldbepreservedaswritten.

7.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotherewritingofDahl'sworks?

A.Objective.B.Concerned.C.Supportive.D.Critical.

8.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.RoaldDahl'sClassicChildren'sBooks

B.Children'sBooks：UptoDate

C.GreatWorks：ToRewriteorNot

D.BringGreatBooksforChildren

c

TheBrainofawoodpecker（啄木鸟）experiencesaseeminglycatastrophicimpacteverytimeitsbeak

（喙）hitswood."Whenyouseethesebirdshittingtheirheadsagainstatree,weashumansgetpuzzled

whytheydon'tgetheadachesorbraindamage,"saysSamVanWassenbergh,aresearcheratthe

UniversityofAntwerp.

Inthepast,scientistshavesuggestedthebird'sbrainisprotectedfromtheimpacts,perhapsbyabeakthat

absorbssomeoftheforce,orsomethinginitsheadthatactsasacushion（缓冲物）.ButVanWassenbergh

didn'tthinkso.Soheledateamtostudyusinghigh-speedvideoofwoodpeckersinaction.Thevideos

showedsomestrikingdetails.Forexample"theyclosetheireyesatthemomenttheyhitthewood."Van

Wassenberghsays,toprotecttheireyefromflyingbitsofwood.

Thevideosalsoshowedthatwoodpeckers*beaksoftengetstuckinthewood.Buttheygetfreealmost

immediately,thankstoacleverbeakdesignthatprovidesindependentmovementoftheupperandlower

beak.

Whatthevideosdidnotshowisanysignthatthewoodpeckers*brainissomehowcushioned.nThewaywe

seetheheadbehavingisveryrigid（死板的）,likeatoolhittingwood,"VanWassenberghsays.That

meanstheheadrepeatedlyexperiencesslowdownsthatwouldcauseaninjuryinahumanbrain.

Yetthewoodpeckerbrainappearedunharmed,evenafterthousandsofimpactsinasingleday.Thisis

possiblebecauseofitssmallsizeandweight.VanWassenberghsays.nAnanimalthathasasmallersize

canstandhigherslowdowns,"hesays.

Thatideawassuggestedin2006byLornaGibson,aprofessoratMIT.Now,ithasbeenconfirmedbythe

high-speedvideo.Awoodpecker'sbrainisabout700timessmallerthanahumanbrain.MThatiswhyeven

thehardesthitsweobservedarenotexpectedtocauseanyinjury,"VanWassenberghsays.

9.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordMcatastrophicninparagraph1probablymean?

A.Useful.B.Harmful.C.Unrelated.D.Little.

10.Whichofthefollowingdidthevideosshowaboutthewoodpecker?

A.Itsbeakcanabsorbsomeforce.

B.Itseyesareclosedwhenitispecking.

C.Itspeckingspeedslowdowngradually.

D.Itsupperandlowerbeakmustworktogether.

11.Whatprotectsthewoodpecker'sbrainfrominjuryaccordingtoVanWassenbergh?

A.Thecushionedbrain.

B.Thecleverdesignofthebeak.

C.Thetinysizeandweightofthebrain.

D.Therigidbehaviorofthehead.

12.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.VanWassenbergh'svideohasconfirmedLornaGibson1theory.

B.LornaGibsonsupportedVanWassenbergh'sresearch.

C.LornaGibsonexpectedsomebraininjuryofawoodpeckerbythehits.

D.Thebrainofawoodpeckerismuchsmallerthanthatofahuman.

三、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

EasySolutionstoStress

Doesstressoftenwearyoudown?It'salmostimpossibletototallyavoidstress,butthefollowingtipswill

helpyoutogetitundercontrolsothatitdoesn'ttakeoveryourlife.

Relyonotherpeople

Studiesofbothanimalsandhumansshowthatsocialcontactcanhelpyoubetterrespondtostress.(1)

Avoidpeoplewhoalwaysneedsomethingwithoutgivingbackorwhoarealwaysshortwithyou

(2)_____

Leavethehouse15minutesearlyforappointments,setupasystemforpayingyourbills,refillyourdaily

suppliesaweekaheadoftimeandbuybirthdaycardswheneveryouseeonesyoulike.Alittleadvance

planningcanspareyoualotofheadaches!

Keepajournal

Reflectonyourday,youremotionsandyourpersonalgoals.Whilewritingthemdown,includeeverything

thatstressesyou,soyoucanstarttorecognizewhatyourproblemsareandtakeappropriateaction.(3)

Cutyourto-dolistinhalf

Mostofussetthebartoohigh.Afteryou'vewrittenyourto-dolist,decidewhat'smostimportanttoyouin

thelongrun,thencutthelistinhalf.(4).Forexample,hireaneighbourhoodteenagertowater

yourgardenorskipcookingandordertakeaway.

Laughalittle

(5)Laughteralsohelpskeepyourheart,lungsandmuscleshealthyandbuildupyour

resistance(抵抗力).Plus,it'snearlyimpossibletostaytensewhileyou'relaughing.Therefbre,find

cartoons,videosorTVshowsthatmakeyoulaugh.

A.Avoidlast-minuterushes.

BMakedetailedplansfordailyactivities.

C.Writingisalsoagreatwaytorelaxandputthingsinorder.

D.Ifyoucan'tcutoutcertaintasks,trytohavesomeoneelsedothem.

E.Asweallknow,laughteristhebestmedicineforbothyourbodyandmind.

F.Soestablishanetworkofpeopleyoucanturntoandaskforsomehelpfuladvice.

G.Whenyoulaugh,yousendchemicalscalledendorphins(内啡肽)toyourbrainthateasepainand

promoteyourfeelingofwellbeing.

13.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

14.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

15.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

四、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共15.0分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后答题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选

项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

AsIhaveperfectpitch(绝对音感)andstartedplayingpianoat3yearsold,it'smuchnaturalformeto

jointheschool'schoirwhenIgottocollegeintheUS.

Atfirst,everythingwentpretty(1)：Ipassedtheaudition(试音),andwaseveninvited

tojointhemoreselectiveChamberSingers.However,Isoonbecame(2)afterseveralrehearsals

(排练)：Fromjokestomusictheory,Isimplycouldn'tunderstandwhattheyweretalkingabout!And

whenI(3)others*pitchmistakes,theyseemedunwillingtoaccept.Iremainedsilentevenwhen

Iknewthepitcheswere(4).

ItwasourNewYearConcertlastyearthat(5)meoutofdeepwatersWhenweweresingingthe

wordsofasong："Toliveistogive",Ithought"howcouldIbe(6)justbeingasilentAsian?

“Soonafterthe(7),Istartedmyplan.Inmysecondterm,I(8)tojoinallthe

conversationsandstartedtohelpfellowsingerswithmyabilities(9)identifyingpitch.Iwas

overwhelmedbythecontentofhelpingpeople,andwasthrilled(10)morechoirmemberscame

tomeforcasualtalks.

FromMarchtoMay,Iwas(11)soloist(独唱者)forfourdifferentsongs,anunusual(12)

forafirst-yearstudent.Amongthem,myfavoritepiecewasaSpanishfolksongthatwe(13)

duringthechoir'sspringtourtoMadrid.AChinesestudentsingingaSpanishsonginanAmerican

choir-howproudIwasto(14)asanambassadorofcross-culturalcommunication!Whenthe

audienceapplaudedus,Icametoseeabetterworldwithunderstanding,(15)andlove.

18.A.smoothlyB.carefullyC.deeplyD.quickly

19.A.scaredB.determinedC.frustratedD.absorbed

20.A.lookedoutB.pointedoutC.figuredoutD.turnedout

21.A.normalB.incorrectC.perfectD.regular

22.A.pushedB.pressedC.selectedD.drew

23.A.satisfiedwithB.keenonC.familiarwithD.eagerfor

24.A.auditionB.jokeC.concertD.rehearsal

25.A.hopedB.managedC.refusedD.failed

26.A.byB.toC.onD.in

27.A.whenB.whileC.beforeD.unless

28.A.respectedB.postponedC.attachedD.appointed

29.A.featureB.hobbyC.achievementD.request

30.A.performedB.desiredC.lackedD.ignored

31.A.launchB.serveC.assumeD.announce

32.A.patienceB.independenceC.peaceD.pride

五、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）

33.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式。

ChinaiscelebratingitseightSpaceday,whichfallsonApril24.Thecountry(1)(make)

remarkableachievementsinspace(2)(explorer)overthepastdecade.

TheTiangongspacestation(3)completedattheendof2022.Ithasthreemainsections：

(4)coremodule(核心舱)andtwosciencelabmodulesandisusuallymadeupofthree

(5)(astronaut)ThethreecrewmembersoftheShenzhouXVmissionareinitnow.

Inmoonexploration,Chinahassentfiveroboticprobes(探测器)tothe(6)(near)

neighborofEarthsince2007.TheChang'e4landedonthefarsideofthemooninJanuary2019and

becamethefirstcrafttomakemeasurementsandobservationsaboutthisareaclosely.Itsrover,the

Yutu2,（7）hasbeenworkingtherefornearly1,600days,hasbecometheworld's

longest-operatingmoonrover.Themostrecentmission,Chang*e5,landedinDecember2020and

returned（8）1,731gramsofmoonrocksandsoil.

Inaddition,theTianwen1missionwaslaunchedinJuly2020,whichtravelledmorethan470million

kilometersbefore（9）（enter）theorbitofMarsinFebruary2021.Itsonboardrover,

Zhurong，landedinMay2021，makingChinathesecondcountry（10）（send）arover

onMarssuccessfully.

六、单词拼写-单句（本大题共9小题，共9.0分）

34.TheclimateinKunmingis（温和的），meaningit'salwaysagoodtimetovisit.

35.Atthefootofthehillwasawoodenhouse（包围）bytallpinetrees.

36.Themotherhadasmileof（宽慰）afterseeinghersoncuredbythedoctors.

37.Therearevariousopinionsaboutthe（起源）oftheSpringFestival.（根据汉语提

示单词拼写）

38.Afterwinninga（奖学金）＞Jennyfeltlesspressureaboutpayingtuitionfees.

39.Howeverbusyweare,wewillgandcelebratetheSpringFestivaltogether.

40.Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryotoeducatepeopleaboutglobalwarming.

41.Tobef,thefireworkslastnightwerereallyannoying.

42.Ihavenoideahowmanystudentshavebeenaintotheschoolthisyear.

七、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）

43.假定你是李华，你校计划举办介绍中国传统文化的主题班会，并在英语网站上展示，请

你给外国朋友Chris写封信，向他了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国朋友，内容如下：

1.阐明写信事由；

2.征求建议；

3.表达感谢。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

DearChris,

Yours,

LiHua

44.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

Richieandherhusband,Pooh,decidedonvisitingCapeCod,abeautifulseatown,whichisabout

threehoursdrivefromthecityofBoston.TheirdaughterwhothenlivedinSalemclosetoBoston

insistedthatshewouldpickthemup.Buttheywereconfidentoftheirsenseofdirectionandnot

wantingtotroubleher,sotheyrefusedheroffer.Theydecidedtotaketheirjourneyintheirowncar

andstartedearlyinthemorning.

Afterathree-hourdrive,theyarrivedinCapeCodandstartedtheirnewdiscoverywitharoadmapof

thetownanditssuburbs.Sincethereweremanyplacestosee,ittookthemthewholedaytofinish

theirsightseeing.

Now,theywerevisitingasuburbwithshopssellinghandmadeitems.Richiewasmostinterestedin

shopping,whilePoohwarnedhertofinishbeforeitstartedgettingdark.Theyweresoabsorbedin

theirshoppingthattheyforgotaboutthetimeuntiltheshopsbegantoclose.

Theytookthesamerouteback.Poohhadaverygoodmemoryandakeensenseofdirectionandso

Richiejustblindlyfollowedhim,withoutknowingwheretheywereheadingto.Soontheyfound

themselvesjustgoingroundinamaze,realizingtheygotlostontheway.

Theyhadtostopthecar,referredtotheirmap,andstartedagain.Aftersometime,theyrealizedit

wasnousetryingandfindingtheirwayback.Theirmobilephoneshadbeendeadforhours,anditwas

impossibletocontacttheirdaughter.Havingnootheroption,theydecidedtoasksomeoneforhelp,

butbeingaSunday,theroadswereempty,withnopeoplewalkingaroundorcarspassingby.They

weregettingworriedandterrifiedwitheachpassingminute.ThedarknessandpanicfilledRichie's

headwithhorriblethoughts''Wouldtheyberobbedorattacked?”Afterhoursofwaitingsilentlyin

thedarkness,theydecidedtotryagain.

注意：

(1)续写词数应为150左右：

(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Poohturnedthekeyandtriedtostartthecar,butitwouldn'tmove.

Ontheedgeofdespair,theyheardthewhistleofacar.

答案和解析

1.【答案】ental

【解析】答案：mental.形容词mental作定语修饰名词health。故填：mental。

痛苦的经历影响了她的身心健康。

考查首字母填空。准确地翻译句子、理解句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺。

2~4.【答案】B、A、D

【解析】（1）推理判断题。由文章第二段"IfsomeoneinmyfamilywereinHeather'ssituation,

Iwouldwantsomebodytostepupandhelpme,"saidDempsey,

whophonedthehospitalandimmediatelystartedthetesting.Hewasn'tsurewhatwouldhappentoKrueg

erifhewasnlamatch.（如果我家里有人遇到Heathe的情况，我希望有人站出来帮助我。他打电话

给医院，立即开始了检测。他不确定如果不能配对，Krueger会怎么样。）可知，Dempsey决定帮

助Krueger是出于对他人的关心和善意。故选B项。

（2）推理判断题。由文章第二段Butafewweekslater,thetestscameback.Theywerepositive,

andDempseywashappytogiveupto55%ofhislivertosaveKrueger'slife.（但几周后，检测结果出

来了。他们是阳性可配对的，Dempsey很高兴放弃了高达55%的肝脏来挽救Krueger的生命。）

可知，Dempsey是一个十分善良的人。故选A项。

（3）推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段"Shedidn'tlooklikeapersonwhowassick.Shewasbeautiful,

andshehadthissmileonherfacetheentire.time.ltwasamazinghowhighherspiritswere."（她看起来

不像一个生病的人。她很漂亮，脸上一直挂着笑容。令人惊讶的是，她的情绪如此高涨。）可知，

尽管面临健康问题，Krueger始终保持着积极的生活态度。故选D项。

这篇文章讲述了ChrisDempsey如何听到他的同事HeatherKrueger患有严重的肝病，然后主动进

行肝移植手术，最终成功拯救了Krueger的生命。他们之间建立了深厚的友谊，并一起筹集资金

支付Krueger的医疗费用。手术成功后，两人都很快康复出院。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对

未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事

例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

5~8.【答案】B、D、D、C

【解析】（1）词句指代题。根据第一段PuffinBooks,

thepublisherofUKwriterRoaldDahl'sclassicchildren'sbookslikeMatildaandTheWitches,

cameunderfireinFebruaryduetotheirchoicetocutoulhundredsofimpolitewordssuchas"fat"and"u

gly"inRoaldDahl'sstoriestomakethemmoreacceptabletomodernreaders.（今年2月，英国作家罗

尔德•达尔的经典童书《玛蒂尔达》和《女巫们》的出版商海芬图书公司因在罗尔德•达尔的小说

中删去"胖"、"丑"等数百个不礼貌的词汇，使其更容易被现代读者接受而受到抨击。）可知海雀

图书公司出版的RoaldDahl精选小说中删除了数百个不礼貌的词汇，结合画线词所在句句意"尽管

出版商声称他们的目的是让Dahl的书继续为今天的所有人所欣赏，但许多人仍然对这种做法感到

愤怒“可知，"thepractice（这种做法）”指上文提到的海雀图书公司从RoaldDahl的故事中删除了

一些粗鲁的词语。故选B。

（2）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Ifwestarttochangeandadaptthegreatworksinsteadofallowing

readerstoreceiveandreacttobooksaswritten,weriskdestroyingthebeautythatliteratureoffers.（如

果我们开始改变和改编伟大的作品，而不是让读者接受并对所写的书做出反应，我们就有可能破

坏文学所提供的美）可知，SuzanneNossel不同意改编伟大的作品，他认为它们应该原封不动地保

存下来，故选D。

（3）推理判断题。根据第四段Personally,Ibelieveintheintelligenceofchildrentoexploretheworld

aroundthem.ltisIhejobofteachers,parentsandthatotheradultguardianstohelpchildrenunderstandthat

booksareproductsoftheirtimesandthatauthors-eventhebestamongthem-arehumanbeingswiththeir

ownflaws（缺点）.（就我个人而言，我相信孩子们探索周围世界的智慧。教师、家长和其他成

年监护人有责任帮助孩子们理解，书籍是他们所处时代的产物，而作者一一即使是他们当中最优

秀的作家一一也是有其缺点的人）可知，作者认为孩子有探索事物的智慧，成年人应帮助他们理

解书籍是时代的产物，即使是伟大的作者也有缺点，故作者反对改编Dahl的作品，故选D。

（4）标题归纳题。根据全文内容，第一段PuffinBooks,

thepublisherofUKwriterRoaldDahl'sclassicchildren'sbookslikeMatildaandTheWitches,

cameunderfireinFebruaryduetotheirchoicetocutouthundredsofimpolitewordssuchas"fat"and"u

gly"inRoaldDahl'sstoriestomakethemmoreacceptabletomodernreaders.（今年2月,英国作家罗

尔德•达尔的经典童书《玛蒂尔达》和《女巫们》的出版商海芬图书公司因在罗尔德•达尔的小说

中删去“胖"、"丑"等数百个不礼貌的词汇，使其更容易被现代读者接受而受到抨击。）提出文章

的主题，海雀图书公司从RoaldDahl的故事中删除了一些粗鲁的词语，下文是对这一做法不同的

态度，故c项”伟大的作品：要不要重写"为最佳标题，故选C。

英国作家罗尔德•达尔的经典儿童图书出版商PuffinBooks因剪辑达尔小说中的“肥胖"和"丑陋"等

不礼貌词汇而引发争议。许多人对这种做法感到愤怒，认为文学作品应该被保留。儿童文学在塑

造孩子的价值观和文化观方面具有重要作用，但是孩子们应该被赋予判断和筛选阅读材料的能力。

在当前“假新闻”和虚假信息快速传播的时代，这种能力比以往任何时候都更为重要。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对

未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事

例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

9~12.【答案】B、B、C、A

【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据第一段划线词下文everytimeitsbeak（喙）hitswood.（它的喙

每次敲击木头。）WSWhenyouseethesebirdshittingtheirheadsagainstatree,weashumansget

puzzledwhytheydon'tgetheadachesorbraindamage.（当你看到这些鸟把头撞到树上时，我们人类

会感到困惑，为什么它们不会头痛或脑损伤。）可知，人类感到困惑，啄木鸟敲击树干时为什么

不会头痛或脑损伤，由此可知这是一个看似会造成伤害的行为,故catastrophic意为“造成损害的"，

A.Useful有用的；B.Harmful有害的；C.Unrelated无关的；D.Little小的。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段

Thevideosshowedsomestrikingdetails.Forexample"theyclosetheireyesatthemomenttheyhitthe

wood.（视频显示了一些惊人的细节。例如，们在撞到木头的那一刻闭上了眼睛。）可知，视

频显示啄木鸟啄树干时闭上眼睛。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Yetthewoodpeckerbrainappearedunharmed,evenafterthousands

ofimpactsinasingleday.Thisispossiblebecauseofitssmallsizeandweight.（然而啄木鸟的大脑似乎

没有受到伤害，即使在一天内受到数千次撞击。这是可能的，因为它的体积和重量小。）可知，

根据VanWassenbergh的说法，啄木鸟大脑微小的尺寸和重量保护其不受损伤。故选C。

（4）段落大意题。根据最后一段Thatideawassuggestedin2006byLomaGibson,aprofessorat

MIT.Now,ithasbeenconfirmedbythehigh-speedvideo.（这个想法是由麻省理工学院教授Lorna

Gibson在2006年提出的。现在，高速视频已经证实了这一点。）可知，最后一段主要讲述Van

Wassenbergh的视频证实了LornaGibson的理论，故选A,

本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了啄木鸟的头部结构，它们每次啄木时头部都会受到强烈的冲击，

但它们的头部却不会受伤。之前的科学家认为啄木鸟的喙或头部内部的某些物质可以缓冲冲击，

但研究者SamVanWassenbergh认为不是这样。他带领团队使用高速摄影记录了啄木鸟啄木的过

程，发现它们会在啄木时闭上眼睛，以保护眼睛不受木屑伤害。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语

句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

13~17.【答案】F、A、C、D、G

【解析】（I）推理判断题。根据本段小标题Relyonotherpeople（依赖其他人）和上文

Studiesofbothanimalsandhumansshowthatsocialcontactcanhelpyoubetterrespondtostress.（对动

物和人类的研究表明，社会接触可以帮助你更好地应对压力）可知，和别人接触能帮助你更好地

应对压力，空处应是说因此要多接触别人，F项”因此，建立一个你可以求助的人际网络，并寻求

一些有用的建议”符合语境，和上文形成因果关系，故选F。

（2）标题判断题。根据本段内容Leavethehouse15minutesearlyforappointments,

setupasystemforpayingyourbills,

refillyourdailysuppliesaweekaheadoftimeandbuybirthdaycardswheneveryouseeonesyoulike.A

littleadvanceplanningcanspareyoualotofheadaches!（提前15分钟出门赴约,建立一个支付账单

的系统，提前一周补充日常用品，看到喜欢的生日贺卡就买。一点点提前计划可以让你省去很多

麻烦）可知，本段主要讲述将计划提前一些能省去很多麻烦，故A项”避免最后一分钟的匆忙”适

合作为小标题，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据上文Whilewritingthemdown,includeeverythingthatstressesyou,

soyoucanstarttorecognizewhatyourproblemsareandtakeappropriateaction.（在写下它们的时候，

包括所有给你带来压力的事情，这样你就可以开始认识到你的问题是什么，并采取适当的行动）

提到写日记的好处，分析选项，C项”写作也是一种放松和整理事物的好方法”进一步描述写日记

的好处，故选C。

（4）推理判断题。根据下文Forexample,

hireaneighbourhoodteenagertowateryourgardenorskipcookingandordertakeaway.（例如，雇一个

邻居家的少年给你的花园浇水，或者不做饭而叫外卖）”是对空处内容举例说明，故空处是关于让

别人帮忙完成任务，D项"如果你不能减少某些任务，试着让别人来做”符合语境，故选D。

（5）细节理解题。根据下文Laughteralsohelpskeepyourheart,

lungsandmuscleshealthyandbuildupyourresistance（抵抗力）.（笑还有助于保持你的心脏、肺和

肌肉的健康，增强你的抵抗力）中的“also”一词可知，空处也是描述笑的好处，G项”当你笑的时

候，你会向大脑发送一种叫做内啡肽的化学物质，它可以缓解疼痛，促进你的幸福感”符合语境，

故选G。

这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了减轻压力的一些方法。

七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注

意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词(选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词)，选出最符合语境

的句子。

18~32.【答案】A、C、B、B、D、A、C、B、D、A、D、C、A、B、C

【解析】(1)考查副词及语境理解。A.smoothly顺利地；B.carefully仔细地；C.deeply深深地；

D.quickly快速地。句意：起初，一切都很顺利：我通过了试音，甚至被邀请加入更挑剔的室内乐

歌手。根据后文"Ipassedtheaudition(试音)，andwaseveninvitedtojointhemoreselectiveChamber

Singers"可知，起初一切进展顺利，故选A。

(2)考查形容词及语境理解。A.scared害怕的；B.determined坚定的；C.frustrated沮丧的；D.absorbed

全神贯注的。句意：然而，几次排练后，我很快就感到沮丧：从笑话到乐理，我根本听不懂他们

在说什么！根据转折副词"However"和下文"Fromjokestomusictheory,Isimplycouldn'tunderstand

whattheyweretalkingabout!”可知，作者听不懂别|人说的什么，故感到沮丧，故选C。

(3)考查动词短语及语境理解。A.lookedout当心，向外看；B.pointedout指出;C.figuredout解

决，想出；D.lurnedout结果是，原来是。句意：当我指出别人的音高错误时，他们似乎不愿意接

受。根据下文"theyseemedunwillingtoac