2022年中考英语外研版总复习学案-题型三任务型阅读理解

题型三任务型阅读理解类型1判断正误型

利用对照法,将原文中与题干意思相近的句子或段落找出来,与题干一一对照,详细进行区别,加以判断。如:Followingtheruleof“socialdistancing”isprobablywell-knowntousallnow.ItreferstostayingawayfromcrowdedplacestopreventthespreadofCOVID-19.Somecompaniesaretakingadvantageofthisbychangingtheirlogos.Coca-Cola,forexample,placedthelettersofitsfamousbrandfurtherawayfromeachothertoshowsocialdistancing.Theencouragingsentence“Today,beingapartisthebestwayofbeingtogether.”isprintedbelowthelogo.Question:ThefollowinglogochangeofCoca-Colaistoshowsocialdistancing.(T/F)【解析】这两段主要讲述在“保持社交距离,预防新冠肺炎”的背景下,一些公司通过改变商标进行支持。与题干对应的句子为Coca-Cola,forexample,placedthelettersofitsfamousbrandfurtherawayfromeachothertoshowsocialdistancing.可知可口可乐公司将其著名品牌的字母放得更远,以显示社交距离,所以题干描述正确,故选T。类型2回答问题型

①根据任务的不同,采取不同的回答方式。若是一般疑问句,要用yes或no来回答;若是特殊疑问句要根据特殊疑问词的具体情况进行回答。②利用关键词法,若试题是考查细节理解,则根据试题内容在原文中找到与试题相关的关键信息。③利用主题句法,试题要求概括文章的主题思想、推理判断或者自己给文章拟定题目,一定要找到文章的主题句(往往是首句或结尾句)。如果文章没有主题句,应该全面简练地进行概括。如:JiaoziisoneofthemostimportantfoodsinChineseNewYear.SincejiaoziisintheshapeofancientChinesegoldorsilveringots(银锭),itsymbolizeswealth(象征着财富).Traditionally,themembersofafamilygettogethertomakedumplingsonNewYear’sEve.Theymayhideacoininoneofthedumplings.Thepersonwhofindsthecoinwillbelikelytohavegoodluck.AstheSpringFestivalmarksthestartofanewyear,peoplechoosetoeatjiaoziinthehopeofhavingagoodfutureinthecomingnewyear.Question:Whatdoesjiaozisymbolize?____________________________________________________________________【解析】题干是特殊疑问句“饺子象征着什么?”,关键词为symbolize,关键句为SincejiaoziisintheshapeofancientChinesegoldorsilveringots,itsymbolizeswealth.所以正确答案为:Wealth.(注意大小写和标点符号)类型3完成表格型

对于那些不能在原文中直接找到的答案,要根据表格中对原文语意的转换,掌握设空规律,进行词形和词性的转换。巧用同义词、反义词、词语搭配等转换方式,提高答题的准确率。如:Wordsarethekeytolanguage.Andifyouwanttoimproveyourabilitytospeak,listenandwriteinEnglish,youhavetolearnlotsofwords.Question:IntroductionYouneedtolearnlotsofwordsifyouwanttoimproveyourEnglishbecausetheyareverytolanguagelearning.

【解析】通过题干可知空格处需要填形容词,由第一句Wordsarethekeytolanguage.可知单词是语言学习的关键,即:单词对语言学习很重要,所以正确答案是important。类型4英汉互译型

①注意联系上下文语境,绝不可断章取义。②要与语言习惯用法相联系,不可逐词直译。③注意文化差异,巧妙翻译习语、谚语。如:MrSmithisfiftyyearsold.Hehastaughtinamiddleschoolfortwenty-fiveyears.Heworkshardandalwayscomestoschoolontime.他对学生们要求严格。Heexpectshisstudentstobenotonlysuccessfulbutalsohonest.Hisstudentsdowellinallkindsoffields.Someofthembecomefamouspeople,buttheystillrememberhimandkeepintouchwithhim.Question:将画线部分翻译成英语。____________________________________________________________________【解析】题干中涉及的短语是“对某人要求严格”,即bestrictwithsb.,整段使用的是一般现在时,本句也应使用一般现在时。所以正确答案为Heisstrictwithhis/thestudents.(2021·长沙中考)Asanexchangestudent,IstudiedinFrancefortwoyears.ThefirsttimeItookaclassinthechemistrylab,Iwassurprisedtofindthatstudentswerefully“armed”.Everyonewaswearinggoggles(护目镜)andgloves.Safetycomesfirstforsciencelabclass.MychemistryteacherMrsLouiseusuallygaveustheinstructionpaperthenightbeforethelabclassandletusreadit.Duringtheclass,shefirstwentoverthestepsandthenputusintogroupsoftwotodotheexperiments(实验).Whatwasspecialwasthatforeverylabclass,MrsLouisechangedeveryone’slabpartnertomakethemworkwithdifferentclassmates.Theclasswasoftenfilledwithlaughterandscreams(尖叫).Weoncetriedtoburnthechemicalsandwatchthecolorsoftheflames(火焰).Differentchemicalsproduceddifferentcolorsofflames,includingbrightorangeanddarkgreen.Manystudentsinmyclassweresurprised.“Wow!That’ssobeautiful!”theyscreamed.Thentheyexcitedlytookpictures,postedthemonlineandsentthemtotheirfriends.MrsLouisedidn’tgetangrywithusatallforour“noises”.Sheherselfeventookphotoswithus!Afterfinishinganexperiment,wehadtowritealabreport.Ifwehadabigmistakeintheexperiment,weneededtoanalyze(分析)whyithappenedandwhatweshoulddotoavoiditnexttime.Thelabreportswereveryimportant.Theymadeuparound25%ofourtermgrade.1.Howdidthewriterfeelwhenhefirsttookthechemistryclassinthelab?____________________________________________________________________2.WhydidMrsLouisechangeeveryone’slabpartnerineverylabclass?____________________________________________________________________3.WasMrsLouiseangrywiththestudentsfortheir“noises”?____________________________________________________________________4.Whatdidthestudentshavetodoafterfinishinganexperiment?____________________________________________________________________5.WhatdoyouthinkofMrsLouise’slabclass?____________________________________________________________________第一步:审题·懂题意5个问句为4个特殊疑问句和1个一般疑问句,提问角度分别为:1.Howdid...feel...?(感觉怎样?)2.Whydid...change...?(为什么改变?)3.Was...angry...?(生气吗?)4.Whatdid...havetodo...?(必须做什么?)5.Whatdoyouthinkof...?(你认为……怎么样?)第二步:快读·知大意本文讲述了作者在法国当交换生期间,在实验室发生的一些事情。第三步:细读·定答案1.【解析】Hewassurprised.细节理解题。根据第一段的ThefirsttimeItookaclassinthechemistrylab,Iwassurprisedtofind...可以直接得到本题的答案,但要注意人称的变化。2.【解析】Becauseshewantedtomakethestudentsworkwithdifferent