考研《英语一》河北省唐山市2023年临考冲刺试卷含解析

考研《英语一》河北省唐山市2023年临考冲刺试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)EmergencyontheMountainAnawasa12-year-oldgirllivinginthemountain.Her1wastobecomeavillagenurselikeLeta,herneighbor.Shespentalmostallhersparetimereadingthe2bookbyherself.Thismorning,LetawenttoSantiagoto3ashort-termtrainingclassbyagroupofvolunteerdoctorsforfirstaiderstolearnmedicalskills.Beforesheleft,AnabeggedLetatotakeheralongbutLeta4,sayingthatAnawastoo5tolearnanythingimportant.Anawasvery6thismorning,soshedecidedtowanderaroundtorefreshherself.Onthehillside,shesawRafistandingonadonkey’sbareback,somekidsaroundhim.Rafiwasonly13,buthewasalwaysdoingsomethingtoget7.“Nowonderadultsdon’t8kidswithanythingimportant”,Anasaidtoherself.Shehadjustturnedaway9sheheardafewscreamsandRafifelloffthedonkey.AnarantowhereRafiwaslyingand10thatoneofhislegsbentalittlesidewaysbetweenthekneeandtheankleandthatalltheotherkidswere11notknowingwhattodo.She12whatthefirst-aidbooksaidabout13legs.“Vin!”Anacalledtooneoftheboys.“GoandgetRafi’smamaandfindsomeonewithatruck.”Sheturned14theotherkids.“Givemeyourshirts.Weneedsomethingto15hislegwithsoitdoesn’tmovearound.”Anafoundastrong,straightstick,whichshe’duseto16hisleg.Shecarefullywrappedtheboys’shirtsaroundhislegandthestick.WhenAnawasdone,Raficamebacktohimself.Ana17comfortedhimuntilRafi’smamacameover.Behindherwasaneighborinapickuptruck.TheyliftedRafiintothetruck,then18downthedustyhillsidetowardthehospital.Thenextday,LetacametoAna’shome.“Iheardwhatyoudid,”Letasaid.“Youkeptyourheadina/an19.That’sanimportantskill.”Ana’sfaceburned.“Now,listen.Thevolunteerdoctorsarecomingheretomorrowwithvaccines(疫苗).Weneedsomeextra20.Canyouhelp?”Anadidn’thesitate.“IwouldlovetoandI’llbringmyfirst-aidbook.”Anasaidexcitedly.1、A．dreamB．hobbyC．planD．addiction2、A．scienceB．first-aidC．biologyD．handcraft3、A．attendB．giveC．learnD．follow4、A．agreedB．promisedC．refusedD．allowed5、A．weakB．sensitiveC．selfishD．young6、A．upsetB．relievedC．coldD．different7、A．connectionB．attentionC．distinctionD．education8、A．botherB．presentC．trustD．provide9、A．whenB．afterC．untilD．since10、A．statedB．predictedC．explainedD．noticed11、A．annoyedB．confusedC．frozenD．excited12、A．memorizedB．submittedC．rememberedD．considered13、A．woundedB．brokenC．bleedingD．swollen14、A．toB．downC．againstD．on15、A．addB．coverC．tieD．bend16、A．carryB．fixC．raiseD．lift17、A．warmlyB．quicklyC．politelyD．gently18、A．rodeB．droveC．walkedD．marched19、A．protectionB．emergencyC．accidentD．difficulty20、A．medicineB．lessonsC．offersD．handsSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Thedaysofhavingtocarryaphonechargereverywherecouldsoonbeover.Michiganresearchershaverevealedamajorbreakthroughinharvestingenergyfromhumanmotion.Theysayitcouldleadtosmartphonespoweredforaweekbythemotionofaswipe(重击).MichiganStateUniversity’slow-costdevice,knownasananogenerator,hasalreadybeentested.ScientistssuccessfullyoperatedanLCDtouchscreen,abankof20LEDlightsandaflexiblekeyboard,allwithasimpletouchingorpressingmotionandwithouttheaidofabattery.Thegroundbreakingfindings,publishedinthejournalNanoEnergy,suggest“We’reonthepathtowardwearabledevicespoweredbyhumanmotion,”saidNelsonSepulveda,associateprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringandleadresearcheroftheproject.“WhatIforesee,relativelysoon,isthecapabilityofnothavingtochargeyourcellphoneforanentireweek,forexample,becausethatenergywillbeproducedbyyourmovement,”saidSepulveda,whoseresearchisfundedbytheNationalScienceFoundation.Electricalenergyiscreatedwhenthedeviceiscompressedbyhumanmotion.Thecompleteddeviceisasthinasasheetofpaper.ThedeviceusedtopowertheLEDlightswaspalm-sized,whilethedeviceusedtopowerthetouchscreenwasassmallasafinger.Advantagessuchasbeinglightweight,flexibleandlow-costcouldmakeitapromisingandalternativemethodinthefieldofMechanical-energyharvesting.Thedevicealsobecomesmorepowerfulwhenfolded.Sepulvedasaid,“Youcanstartwithalargedevice,butwhenyoufolditonce,andagain,andagain,it’smuchsmallerandhasmoreenergy.Nowitmaybesmallenoughtoputinaspeciallymadeheelofyourshoesoitcreatespowereachtimeyourheelstrikestheground.”Sepulvedaandhisteamarealsodevelopingtechnologythatwouldtransmitthepowergeneratedbytheheelstriketo,say,awirelessheadset.1、WhoisNelsonSepulveda?A．Themajorresearcherintheproject.B．Aprofessorofengineering.C．Thefundsupplieroftheresearch.D．AjournalistwritingforNanoEnergy.2、Theunderlinedworddeviceinthe2ndparagraphisclosestinmeaningto________.A．keyboardB．smartphoneC．screenD．machine3、Fromthepassageweknowthatthenanogenerator________.A．becomesmorepowerfulwhenkeptflatB．hasalreadycomeintomarketintheUSAC．islightweightandflexiblethoughexpensiveD．makesitpossibletoproducepowerbywalking4、Thepurposeofthepassageisto________.A．persuadepeopletobuythedeviceB．bringinanewwaytosaveenergyC．introduceabreakthroughinscienceD．honorNelsonSepulvedaforhiscontributionsText2Asfamiliesgetreadytoheadbacktoschoolforthefall,parentsareonatightbudgetlogetalltherightsuppliespurchased,paperworkfilledoutandphysicals(体检)scheduled.Itcanbeatoughtimeofyearandmanyparentsstruggletofindthetimeandmoneytomakeithappensmoothly.That’swhereHeartlandCommunityHealthCentercanhelp.Inordertogetkidsofftoahealthystarttotheschoolyear,Heartland,withsupportfromConnectChurch,willbefocusingontheback-to-schoolneedsoffamiliesduringtheweekofAug.7—11,andbeyond.Duringtheeventweek,Heartlandwillofferreduced-costschoolphysicalsbyappointmentonly.Freebackpacksfilledwithvariousschoolsuppliesandfreetoothpastetoprotectteeth,alongwithotherhelpfulinformation,willbeavailableonawalk-inbasisduringeventhours.The2017BackToSchoolwithHeartlandeventwillbeheld:Monday—Thursday2:00p.m.—5:00p.m.andFriday1:00p.m.—3:00p.m.,Aug.7—11.However,reducedcostsforphysicalswillbeavailablethroughSept.30thisyear,forthosewhoareunabletoscheduleanappointmentduringtheeventweek.Heartland’sregularclinichoursareasfollows:Monday&Wednesday:8:00a.m.-5:00p.m.;Tuesday&Thursday:8:00a.m.-7:00p.m.;Friday:8:00a.m.—3:00p.m.HeartlandisaLevel3Patient-centeredMedicalHomeandaHealthCenterservingDouglasCountyandsurroundingareaswithprimarycare,behavioralhealthandassistanceprograms.Servicesareavailabletoall,regardlessofincomeorinsurancestatus.Heartlandislocatedat346MaineSt.,Ste.150inLawrence,KS,andalsooffersanofficeinsidetheLawrence-DouglasCountyHealthDepartmentat200MaineSt.1、WhatcanpeoplegetfromHeartlandduringeventhours?A．Pick-upservice.B．Freeschoolsupplies.C．Reduced-costtechnicaltraining.D．Helpintheformofmoney.2、WhencanyouvisitHeartland’sclinic?A．At5:00p.m.onFriday.B．At7:00p.m.onMonday.C．At9:00a.m.onWednesday.D．At7:00a.m.onThursday.3、WhatinformationaboutHeartlandcanwegetfromthetext?A．Itsdevelopmenthistory.B．Thenumberofitsmembers.C．Itsfounder.D．Itsaddress.Text3Encouragingchildrentousegesturesastheythinkcanhelpthemcomeupwithmorecreativeideas,accordingtonewresearch.“Ourfindingsshowthatchildrennaturallygesturewhentheythinkofunusualwaystouseeverydayitems,”sayspsychologicalscientistElizabethKirk.“Whenwethenaskedchildrentomovetheirhands,theywereabletocomeupwithevenmorecreativeideas.”“Gesturingmayallowustoexploretheproperties（特性）oftheitems—forexample,howtheitemcouldbeheld,itssize,itsshape,etc.—anddoingsocanhelpuscomeupwithideasforcreativeuses,”Kirkexplains.Intheirfirststudy，theresearcherscomparedthecreativityofchildrenwhospontaneously(自发地）gesturedwiththosewhoeitherdidnotorcouldnotgesture.Atotalof78children,aged9-11,sawaseriesofimagesofordinaryitems,suchasanewspaper,atincan,andakettle.Theresearchersaskedthechildrentolookateachimageandlistasmanyusesastheycouldthinkof.Agroupofparticipantscompletedthetasktwice—ononeversionofthetask,theyworemittens（连指手套）thatlimitedtheirabilitytogesture.Restrictingchildren’sabilitytogesturedidnotaffecttheirabilitytocomeupwithcreativeusesfortheobjects;Childrenwhowerefreetogestureproducedaboutthesamenumberofideasasthosewhoworethemittensandcouldnotgesture.Inasecondexperiment,54childrencompletedthesamealternative-usestask.Insomecases,childrengesturednormally;inothercases,theresearchersencouragedthechildrento“useyourhandstoshowmehowyoucouldusetheobjectindifferentways”.Theencouragementworked:Childrenwhowerespecificallyencouragedtogestureproducedagreaternumberofcreativeusesfortheobjectsthandidthechildrenwhowerenotgivenanyspecialinstruction.“Ourfindingsaddtothegrowingbodyofevidenceshowingthesignificantroleofgestureinthinkingandhaveapplicationstotheclassroom,”Kirkconcludedintheirpaper.1、Whatdidtheresearchersintendtofindoutinthefirstexperiment?A．Thenumberofcreativeideasthechildrencouldthinkof.B．Howthechildrenwouldexplorethepropertiesoftheitems.C．Whetherencouraginggesturewouldhelptoproducemorenewideas.D．Thedifferencebetweenthinkingwithgesturesandwithoutgestures.2、Whyweremittensusedintheexperiment?A．Torestrictgestures.B．Tolimitcreativethinking.C．Totesttheabilitytogesture,D．Toincreasecreativeideas.3、Whendidthechildrenthinkofthemostnewideas?A．Whenwearingmittens.B．Whenencouragedtogesture.C．Whennaturallygesturing.D．Whennotusingtheirhands.4、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．CommunicatewithGesturesB．ThinkwithYourHandsC．UseEverydayItemsCreativelyD．MakeGestureswhenNecessaryText4Primaryschoolscouldbetoldtoremovesometraditionalsubject-basedlessonsandreplacethemwith“personaldevelopment”classestoencouragechildrentoimprovetheirsocialandpracticalskill.Parents,teachersandpupils,whotookpartintheinvestigationcarriedoutforthebiggesteverofficialreviewoftheprimarycurriculum,arguedthatthenumberofsubjectstaughttoveryyoungpeopleshouldbereduced.Thereview,beingconductedbythegovernment’sschool’sdirectorSirJimRose,willconsiderhowtoredesigntheprimaryschooldaytohandleconcernsthattoomanypupilsleaveprimaryschoolunabletoread,writeanddomathsatthelevelexpectedofthem.Itwillalsoaddresscriticismsthatpupilsareexpectedtostudysomanysubjectsthereislittletimeforcreativelearning.The60focusgroupsbroughttogether1,500parents,pupilsandschoolstaffandisexpectedtoheavilyinfluencethethinkingoftheRosereview,whichthegovernmentispromisingtoback.Insteadofabroadrangeofsubjects,pupilsshouldstudyin-depthliteracyandmathslessonsalongsideamorecreativecurriculumthatencouragespupilstodeveloppersonal,learningandthinkingskills,theysay.Suchlessonsmightinclude“healthylifestyles,sexandrelationshipseducation,drugsandalcoholeducation”.“Childandpersonaldevelopmentasprioritieshavebeenshamefullyneglectedinrecentyearsintherushtohittargetsinthebasics.”JohnBangs,headofeducationattheNationalUnionofTeachers,said,“Theworstthingwouldbetoevaluatechilddevelopmentthroughthecurrenthighstakestestingsystem.Thatwouldweakenthecapacityofteacherstomeetchildren’suniqueneeds.”However,theshadowschoolsminister,NickGibb,said,“Iflessonsonlifestylearegiventhesamestatusastraditionalsubjects,itisthemostdisadvantagedchildrenwhowillbeworstaffected.”“Childrenarenotabletopersonallydevelopandsucceedinthefutureiftheydon’thaveagraspofbasicsubjectssuchasmathsandEnglishearlyoninprimaryschool.Removinghighrequirementfromtheprimarycurriculumwouldincreasetheinequalitygapbetweenlesswell-offpupilsandtherest.”Nickadded.AspokeswomanfortheDepartmentforChildren,SchoolsandFamilies(DCSF)said,“Thisisasummaryofstakeholder’sview,nottheviewsoftheQualificationsandCurriculumAuthorityortheDCSF,andhasbeensubmittedtoSirJimRose’sreviewasevidencetoconsider.”1、Accordingtothefocusgroups,theresultoflearningtoomanysubjectsismostlikelytobethat_______.A．childrenmaynothaveanyfreedomB．childrenmaynothaveenoughtimetopursuepersonalinterestC．childrenmaynotknowanythingoutsidetheclassroomD．childrenmaynothavecreativeability2、WhichofthefollowingisFalseaboutthereviewconductedbySirJimRose?A．Itwillgreatlyinfluencethecountry’sfutureprimarycurriculum.B．Tocompleteitwilltakemoretimeandefforts.C．ItissupportedbytheQualificationsandCurriculumAuthorityortheDCSF.D．Itneedstotakefullyintoaccountvariedviewsfromthesociety.3、JohnBangs’sattitudetowardsthecurrenthighstakestestingsystemis__________.A．negativeB．positiveC．uncertainD．cautious4、AccordingtoNickGibb,graspofbasicsubjectsearlyoninprimaryschoolisimportantfor_______.A．theprimarycurriculumreformB．children’sdevelopmentinthefutureC．learningmorebasicknowledgeD．increasingthechildren’sconfidencePartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)ThecheongsamisafemaledresswithdistinctiveChinesefeaturesandenjoysgrowing1．(popular)intheinternationalworldofhighfashionThename“cheongsam”2．(mean)simply“longdress”enteredtheEnglishvocabularyfromthedialectofChina'sGuangdongProvinceInotherpartsofthecountryincludingBeijing,however,it3．(know)as“qipao”，whichhasahistorybehinditAftertheearlyManchu(满族的)rulerscametoChina,theManchuwomenwore4．(normal)aone­piecedresswhichcametobecalled“qipao”5．the11RevolutionendedtheruleoftheQingDynasty,thefemaledresssurvivedthepoliticalchangeand,withlaterimprovements,hasbecomethetraditionaldressforChinesewomenThecheongsam,6．neckishigh,collarclosed,fitswelltheChinesefemalefigure,anditssleevesmaybeeithershort,mediumorfull7．(long),dependingonseasonsortastesInaddition,itisnottoocomplicated(复杂)8．(make)Nor9．itneedtoomuchmaterialAnotherbeautyofthecheongsamisthatitcanbeworneither10．casualorformaloccasionsIneithercase,itcreatesanimpressionofsimpleandquietcharm,elegance(优雅)andneatnessHurricaneKatrinawasoneofthedeadliesthurricanesevertohittheUnitedStatesAbout1,833peoplediedinthehurricaneandthefloodsthat1．(follow)inlateAugust2005,andmillionsofotherswereleft2．(home)alongtheGulfCoastandinNewOrleansKatrinaformedabout200milessoutheastoftheBahamasonAug23,3．Bythetimeitmade4．(it)waytosouthernFloridaonAug25,KatrinawasjustaCategoryOnehurricaneWhileitcausedsomefloodsandtwodeathsduringitsfirstlandfall,itappearedtobejustanotherhurricaneinan5．(act)hurricaneseason6．(surprising),KatrinastrengthenedintoaCategoryFivehurricaneonAug28,withwinds7．(blow)atabout280kphTheNationalGuardwascalledintohelppeopleleavedangerousareasThousandslookedforshelterintheNewOrleansConventionCenter,8．wasextremelycrowdedGovernmentofficialshavetriedtolearnfromthedisasterandcarriedoutbetterenvironmentalandcommunicationplansTheArmyCorpsofEngineershasrebuiltthelevee（堤坝）system,makingit9．(high)ThecityofNewOrleanshasimprovedpeople’saccess10．disasterinformationForexample,theyhave11．e-mailandtextmessagesystemcalledNolaReadythat13,000peoplehavesignedupforSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)BecomingRefreshedwithoutsleepingSometimesthereisjustnotenoughhoursinthedaytogeteverythingdoneandgetagoodnight’srest.1、Onceinawhileyoucangetawaywithasleeplessnightandstillfeelreasonablygoodbyadjustingyourmealsandactivities.2、Thelastthingyouwanttodowhenyouaretiredisgetwarmandcozy,thiswillcauseyoutofallasleep.Keepingtheairconditioneronwillmakeyoufeelmuchmorealertandrefreshed.Eatsmallamounts.Eatingsmallamountsofhealthyfoodwillhelprefreshyou.Fruitandnutsareagoodchoicebecausetheyarenutritiousandwillenergizeyou3、Trytosticktolowcarbonmealstokeepyougoing.Chewinggumafteryoursnackorsmallmealwillalsohelpkeepyouawake.Keepitbright.Whenitisdarkyourbodythinksitistimetogotosleep.Turnonlotsoflights,whichwilltrickyourbodyintowakingupandfeelingbetter.4、Yougetdoublethebenefitsifitisdaytime.Takeabreak.Takingalittlebreakwillhelpyouinthelongrun.Turnupsomeenergizingmusictogetyourselfpositive.Relaxandtalktoafriendinpersonoronthephoneforafewminutes.5、A．KeepitcoolB．CalmdownandsleepC．Avoidbig,heavymealsastheywillmakeyoutiredD．GoingoutsidewhetheritisdayornightforsomefreshairE.MissingsleepregularlycanmakeyousickandshouldbeavoidedF.Whenyouaretired,youmayjustwanttositaroundanddonothingG.Havingagoodtimeforafewminuteswillrefreshyouquickerthananythingelse.Sometimesitcanbehardtorecognizeatruefriend,onewhoisloyal(忠诚的)andonewhoisworthkeepingbyyourside.Thesuggestionsprovidedinthisarticlewillhelptoguideyouinworkingoutwhichfriendsarelikelytobetrue.Beabletotrustyourfriends.Youshouldbe