LED发展及应用中英文对照外文翻译文献

中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)译文:LED发展及应用我们相信我国LED产业具有良好的发展前景，基于以下几点：第一，在技术方面LED技术处于高速增长的瓶颈，国内长期积累在半导体领域研究资源为进一步研究打下了良好的基础。虽然集成电路制造的基础差，技术水平相对较低，但是随着一些国内企业海外技术人员加入，技术不断的突破，国内企业的良好技术水平、企业与台湾的技术水平与国际公司作为一个整体，已经缩小了差距。第二，投资相对较小的初始投资1亿，国内企业进入的门槛低，容易导致滚动发展。制造集成电路和液晶面板制造商数百亿数十亿元的投资都是“微不足道”的，更容易使国内企业形成产业集群。当然，还可能导致恶性竞争和发展阶段的市场整合。第三，国内市场大，LED市场主要是普通照明市场，消费者市场分散，难以形成垄断一个巨大的国内企业的生存空间。第四，一些企业的核心知识产权，如晶体硅光伏衬底项目，美国的面积和芯片的核心技术，具有全球竞争力的企业技术发展的示范效应容易形成和促进国内商业市场的健康发展。第五，成熟的技术导致下游的劳动密集型生产,包装和设备的发展与大陆劳动力具有成本优势。LED行业的开发过程中，全球的LED销售根据市场目前最大的手机背光市场，与手机销售增长放缓提高了LED屏幕手机液晶屏幕渗透的全球LED的增长率。技术进步降低了成本，在当前（甚至2010年以前）允许完全访问一般使用LED照明市场在全球经济增长下将成为下一个液晶笔记本和汽车室内灯背光市场。作为世界五大液晶面板(LG飞利浦、三星、友达、CMO和夏普)LED的一个高水平的技术，大量生产能力在日本、台湾、韩国。国内只有央行、波兰电力和五个龙光伏电池板三行，4.5代上海天马生产线需求后能使用LED背光，但整体需求不占主导地位，国内企业进入液晶屏背光使供应链收益不应太大面板背光手机市场非常相似。中国市场应用LED在这个阶段主要是在建筑照明、室内外显示屏。基于上述原因，下一波的主要力量可能出现在这些市场，手机、小尺寸液晶背光、汽车普及率将会增加。一些特殊照明等分散市场将开放更多的成本(特殊照明一般照明的要求不是那么苛刻)。替换后的几年前，LED交通信号灯是非常受欢迎的，LED的会持续更长的时间，短期内很难大规模的取代，这使得LED交通信号灯处于低需求期，国内大型轿车市场只要有优秀的产品质量，国内汽车灯LED背光和一个非常大的市场需求和经济增长在这个市场的需求是相对稳定的。LED显示由于容易组装、低能耗、高亮度的原因被广泛应用于银行、证券、广场、车站、体育场馆，这个市场的未来仍有很大的发展潜力。在奥运会、世博会的城市晚上项目的示范效应。以及很多有利的因素，建筑照明市场仍然是一个前景广阔。一般来说，许多大型国际公司专注于高端以及一般照明的巨大的潜在市场。一些产品技术要求相对较低，未来市场疲软具有分散性容易失控。因为它大量的专利，并不担心未来的市场。在这个阶段不是追求产能，而是专注于技术领导市场潮流，当技术足够成熟市场的规模一般照明，据估计，其生产能力将迅速减少。这种“中心-外围”的竞争预计将维持很长一段时间。目前，主要制造商集中在大陆市场。芯片出口将面临两个挑战。首先，国际大型企业在申请专利诉讼(主要是蓝色和白色)，事实上只要具有一定规模，无论出口专利是否会遇到挑战，专利诉讼的出口的希望更大。第二，其他外部供应商的竞争，尤其是台湾的制造商，台湾的传统制造商跟随他们的策略和技术跟踪国际公司，同时大力提高生产率，降低成本，生产能力世界上第一，有许多其他行业巨头进入这一领域时，会影响未来的台湾LED芯片的全球市场的价格波动。考虑到国内市场的巨大需求，国内芯片工厂，即使它可以适当依靠国内市场发展。如果海外光伏公司无限的进入国内市场，国内企业将面临持续的竞争压力，在长期的国内企业是一个非常消极的现象。LED行业的发展在这个阶段将导致国内制造商、外国投资者在大陆享受税收优惠政策，国内企业进入国内市场在一个不平等的竞争地位。应该鼓励外国投资者在中国设立工厂，芯片核心技术参与外展，例如这些企业可以促进人才培养，提高整体技术水平。应限制那些芯片核心技术的一部分占领外国市场的企业，一旦这样的名片在所有核心地区和当地企业不享受技术进步带来的好处，发展和空间将会有限,他们会争相依靠价格战，不是那么难讨好自己的东西，所以只处理当前包的一部分在中国限制外国投资，如进口关税征收芯片。从专利诉讼而言，它并不可怕，只要我们的主要竞争对手必须支付，我们仍然在同一起跑线上竞争。台湾主要涉及LED蓝白相间的芯片LED工厂在成长过程中经历了诉讼，诉讼达成和解获得专利，继续发展。现阶段最好的反应是大规模获得专利，同时加强自己的R&D改善交叉许可的专利诉讼的讨价还价的能力。国内企业的规模、厦门圣国安可能迎来增长的第一个“洗礼”。未来工业竞争力将取决于两个方面，首先是技术，包括提高发光效率和低成本的技术来提高功率器件技术，道路的方向在于扩展现有的技术。但也有路线的新技术，包括获得高质量科技产品以及外部系统，如照明设计和技术驱动芯片设计。第二是规模，一方面由于规模经济成本的降低，市场强大的讨价还价的能力。另一方面，使用的硅化合物与IC晶片制造是非常不同的，即使一个扩展在同一生产芯片的性能可能完全不同，这需要相对较高的一致性的应用领域(如一个典型的LCD背光)。只有不断的扩展，以满足需求，但大型企业的数量水平的市场结构可以用一个特定市场的需求，不一致的芯片产品部署到另一个市场，公司的总产量增加的效率。LED行业有一个光明的未来，但只有在上述两个方面行业领先的企业才是未来的领导者。结论：国内企业应该关注什么？在整个产业链开发过程中，哪五种企业具有投资价值。知识产权是一个核心业务。房产企业的发展在国内最广泛，南昌大学建立了联合私人股本基金光电晶体可以是一个典型代表，可以由硅基光电晶体氮化镓外延蓝光技术，世界上最大的三个蓝灯一个过程技术，突破国外专利日亚化学和克里族封锁,附近的公司设立行业需要检查的当前水平。另一个鲁明大连公司通过收购美国LED芯片制造商使芯片AXT技术增加，获得40多个专利核心技术。此外，大连鲁明原始以来从事稀土发光材料，白色荧光粉合成的用于生产是世界上生产的只有少数能生产发光发光材料可以芯片业务。此外，R&D的可能性鲁明新的稀土荧光粉，突破日亚化学,欧司朗白光技术。国内产业进入一般LED照明突破过去的障碍。白光LED照明只要两大“绊脚石”——蓝光专利和白色的专利做出突破，国内LED行业的前途是光明的国内产业是测试行业的能力。LED光源除了无汞、节能、节材、对环境无电磁干扰、无有害射线五项优点之外，在照明领域中，特别是在景观照明中，还有很多优势。如：低压供电——无高压环节，为了绝缘的开销要小得多，可靠性高；附件简单——无启动器、镇流器或超高压变压器；结构简单——具有固体光源的最大优点，不充气，无玻璃外壳，无气体密封问题，耐冲击；可控性好——响应时间快（微秒数量级），可反复频繁亮灭，基本无惰性，不会疲倦；色彩纯厚——由半导体PN结自身产生色彩，纯正，浓厚；色彩丰富——三基色加数码技术，可演变任意色彩；轻质结构——节材，节约费用；对灯具强度和刚度要求很低；——体积小巧大的LED灯具可看成由LED细胞组成，最小的LED仅为平方毫米数量级或更小；柔性化好——LED光源的精巧，使LED能适应各种几何尺寸和不同空间大小的装饰照明要求，诸如：点、线、面、球、异形式，乃至任意艺术造型的灯光雕塑；可见，LED不愧为21世纪绿色照明的骄子。LED具研发的特点由于LED具有上述一系列优势，LED在景观灯具的研发方面主要有以下几个方向：园林灯，步道灯，地埋灯，小型射灯，草坪灯，快车道分道地灯，壁灯等。光源采用LED，并结合变幻控制，可升级对景观的烘托，使其更具艺术品位。非标异形景观灯具的开发，在景观照明中，灯具安装要保护景观和环境，防止灯具有碍观瞻，要做到白天美化，夜幕下艺术亮化。这就需要灯具的结构与安装因景制宜，因建筑特色制宜，很多标准灯具是满足不了以上要求的。LED灯具设计的柔性化，特别适合因景制宜的非标灯具设计，使景观照明与景观协调，达到美化环境的新水平。艺术化景观灯具开发灯具本身就是一种造型艺术，而LED光源将更能使景观灯具的艺术创意达到更高境界。由于LED的可控性好，色彩丰富，与微电子技术实现智能化控制，可以构思出各种色彩缤纷、动感节奏欢快、旋律优美的景观灯具。如：LED霹雳灯，比气体放电型霹雳灯要长寿得多，又不易损坏，而且色彩丰富。又如：LED风车灯，只需微机智能控制，就可实现“无风时”飞速旋转，并且还能实现自动变速和换色的美妙变幻。类似这样的构思，只要有灵感，都能实现。灯光雕塑类的开发，任何仿真的、仿生的、漫画的、卡通的、商业的、旅游的等等的各种灯光雕塑，均可结合LED和声响技术以及微电子控制，必要时还可再加上机电一体化技术，开发出一系列吸引人们眼球的景观灯光雕塑。LED景观照明的智能化控制技术，LED景观照明的智能化控制技术，属于模拟或数码技术、或微机控制技术领域，多数为紧凑型或嵌入式系统。特点：可靠性高，价格优；变化花样繁多；既有单灯控制，又有群控模式；非标设计很多；长或超长灯具多（如：长光带，很多壁灯线状布局情况）；与LED显示屏技术有很多不同之处。根据景观美化的要求，变幻控制模式，给人以丰富多彩，旋律优美，节奏欢快的感受，有时芯至给人以撼动人心的强烈刺激。根据LED可控性好，色彩丰富的特点，色彩构成几乎无限。按照三基色原理加数字灰度控制技术，原理上可演变出几乎超越大自然存在的任意色彩。例如：三基色LED，如只采用二级灰度控制，即：明和暗，可实现８种色彩演变；又如：三基色LED，采用三级灰度控制，即：明、中、暗，可实现27种色彩变幻；再如：三基色LED，如都采用八位数码的灰度控制，色彩种类竟达到了令人吃惊的程度，达1677万种，连每一种颜色的名字你都来不及命名。目前，LED灯具的电子控制结构，主要有五大类或更多：单灯控制、群灯控制、长或超长跨距灯控制、声响控制、感应控制。就寿命表现度而言，硅树脂可以达到延长白光LED使用寿命的目标，甚至可以达到4万小时以上的使用寿命，但是，是不是真的适合用来做照明的应用就还有待研究，因为硅树脂是具有弹性的柔软材料，所以在封装的过程中，需要特别注意应用的方式，而来设计出最适当的应用技术。对于未来应用的方面，提高白光LED的光输出效率将会是决胜的关键点。白光LED的生产技术，从过去的蓝色LED和黄色的YAG荧光体的组合，开发出仿真白光的目标，到利用三色混合或者使用GaN材料，开发出白光LED，对于应用来说，已经可以看的出将会朝向更广泛的方向扩展。另外，白光LED的发光效率，这些年已经有了不错的的发展，日本LED照明推进协会目标是，期望能够预计在2009年达到100lm/w的发光效率，而事实上，有相当多的业者都在朝向这方面开发，所以预计在数年内，100lm/w发光效率就能够实际上商业化应用。LED微电子控制电路优化设计的焦点在于：可靠、价优，采用通用元器件，来源丰富。对于长或超长跨距灯的控制除以上要求，还要有以下优点，如：数十米，百米乃至千米以上的光带或线状布局的点光源。优化设计的目标还有：在运动控制上，要色彩丰富，变幻多姿，既含跳变，又有渐变，同时还要最大限度地减少讯导线。LED发展中要攻克的主要问题LED进入照明领域是新生事物，具有划时代的意义。但是，与任何新技术一样，LED还存在一些急需完善的方面。1）研发LED高功率点光源国际上，Phlips、GE、OSRAN等大公司都有双端的球形HID产品，这是目前世界上最先进的大功率HID光源，特别是Phlips公司基于这种光源的体育场馆灯具，灯具效率和配光曲线非常优秀。尽管LED有很多独特的优势，但目前这方面却是空白。高功率密度的点状光源对用于半导体发光原理的LED可能是一个很大的技术难点。2）发展高效率、高功率因数、价优的紧凑型模块化LED电源，LED供电简便，既可直流供电，又可脉冲供电。没有HID和高压霓虹灯的一系列麻烦。目前，低效率的供电系统，拖了LED的后腿，节能水平大打折扣。开关电源从70年代的20KHZ的标准到目前已达到1MHZ以上的软开关技术，问题关键在于如何做到质优价廉。3）发展新型LED混光、混色技术LED光源，单位体积很小，在很多场合明显是优点，但有时又是缺点。如：在LED平面型光源上，通常出现点状光斑以及混色不均匀现象。目前，混光、混色存在的问题是：混光、混色的均匀水平与透光率的矛盾。这个问题也是阻碍LED发展的因素，主要是材料的原因，急待攻克，对LED景观灯具实用性有很重要的意义。LED进入照明领域，是照明技术的革命性飞跃。LED对绿色照明发展的历史性贡献，将丝豪不逊于从电子管时代到晶体管时代的飞跃，即使评价为如同晶体管跨越到大规模集成电路的巨变一样，也毫不夸张。原文:DevelopmentandapplicationofledChina'sLEDindustryiscurrentlyadisadvantageliesinthefactthataLEDproductsofdomesticenterprisesandoverseastechnicallevelthereisacertaingapinthepursuitofhigh-endcustomersatadisadvantage;Second,thedomesticICmanufacturingbasecomparedtoJapan,KoreaandTaiwan,thesestrongLEDweakareas,LEDlightchipmanufacturingcapacity,technologicallevelandpoorexternalsupportofsomematerials,thelearningcurvelongerwilltakesometimetocultivate;Third,thesizeofthedomesticLEDbusinessisstillrelativelysmall,mostofthemdidnotexceed100kk/monthlyenergy(bluegreen),thisstateofaffairsinthenexttwoyearswillbeimproved;four,domesticR&Dconcentratedinuniversitiesandresearchinstitutes,productionintheenterprises,thelackofR&Dresultsoftherapidindustrializationoftheconversionmechanism,whichshouldbelearnfromTaiwan'sIndustrialTechnologyResearchInstituteofthetechnicalachievementsthelicensingmechanismtospeeduptheconversionrateoftechnologicalachievementsandscientificresearchinstitutescannotbefortheirownindustryratherthantheoutcomeofthelatesttechnologyandtimelytransfertoindustry,theGovernmentshouldregulatethedevelopmentofrelevantpolicy-relatedbehavior;fivedomesticlackofcorepatents,inparticularrelatedtotheindustryinthelong-termdevelopmentoftheBlu-raycorepatentsandpatentlackofwhitelight,whichwillenablelong-termdevelopmentofdomesticindustriestofunction.China'slocalenterprisesatthisstageismainlyattheinitialstage,smallercompanies,themanufacturersofthemasterdonotconstituteathreattothepatent,patentissuesisnotveryprominent.However,withthedevelopmentandexpansionofdomesticenterprises,oncethescaletoacertainextent,the"goingout"developmentstrategy,willbecomeapotentialpatentissues.Atpresent,thedomesticenterprisestogrowbigger,toimproveproductqualityandtechnicallevelofthemostimportanttaskistoimprovethefuturelicensingcompaniesaskingpriceatthetime,ortograduallybreakthroughthecoreofR&Dpatents.WebelievethattheLEDindustryinChinahasgoodprospectsfordevelopment,basedonthefollowingpoints:First,intermsofthetechnology,LEDtechnologyhasthebottleneckofhighgrowth,low-thresholdcharacteristicsofthestudy,thedomesticlong-termaccumulationinthesemiconductorfieldofresearchresourcescanbeusefulwithagoodbasisforfurtherstudy.Althoughthemanufacturingofintegratedcircuitsbasedonweak,relativelylowtechnologicallevel,butsomedomesticenterprisestojoinoverseastechnicalpersonnel,continuetomakebreakthroughsintechnology,technologicallevelofdomesticenterpriseswithgoodcompanieswiththetechnologicallevelofTaiwanorlessthesameaswithinternationalcompaniesasawholehasbeennarrowingtheSecond,LEDinvestedrelativelysmallinitialinvestmentwillbe100millionplant,thedomesticenterprisestoenterthethresholdofthelow,easytoachievearollingdevelopmentandmanufactureofintegratedcircuitsandliquidcrystalpanelmanufacturerseasilytotensofbillionsofbillionsofyuanininvestmentitis"insignificant"easieraccesstothedomesticenterprisestoformindustrialclusters,ofcourse,mayalsoleadtoviciouscompetitionandtoacertainstageofdevelopmentofmarketintegration;Third,thedomesticmarketgreat,LEDmarketisthenextmajorgenerallightingmarket,themarketcapacity,end-consumermarket,scatteredanddifficulttoformamonopoly,avastlivingspaceofdomesticenterprises;Fourth,somecompanieshaveacoreofintellectualpropertyrights,suchascrystallinesiliconphotovoltaicsubstratecanGaN-rayprojects,DalianRoad,theareaoftheUnitedStatesandthecoreofthechiptechnology,hasglobalcompetitivenessoftheseenterprisesontechnologydevelopmentinthedemonstrationeffecteasytoformandpromotethehealthygrowthofthedomesticbusinessmarket;five,aftermaturityofthetechnology,LEDdownstreampackaginganddevicesarelabor-intensiveproduction,thedevelopmentofthemainlandwiththelaborcostadvantage.ThedevelopmentprocessfromtheLEDindustry,theglobalsalesofLEDaccordingtothemarketiscurrentlythelargestmobilephonebacklightmarket,withmobilephonesalesgrowthslowingdown,aswellastheOLEDscreenonthemobilephoneTFT-LCDscreentoenhancethepenetrationoftheglobalgrowthrateoftheLED.Technologicalprogressasaresultofcostreductioninthecurrent(andevenpre-2010)isnotenoughtoallowfullaccesstogeneraluseLEDlightingmarket,globalgrowthwillbethenextnotebook,LCDTVbacklighting,andautomotivemarketswiththecarinteriorlampbacklightmarket.Astheworld'stopfiveLCDpanel(LGPhilips,Samsung,AUO,CMOandSharp)inahighlevelofLEDtechnology,largeproductioncapacityinJapan,TaiwanandSouthKorea,domesticonlyBOE,polishelectricityandtheFiveDragonPVpanelsofthreelines,the4.5-generationShanghaiTianmaproductionlinewillbeabletoafterthedemandforLEDbacklighting,buttheoveralldemandisnotdominant,thedomesticenterprisestoentertheLCDpanelbacklightLEDsupplychainproceedsshouldnotbetoolargebacklitpanelwithmobilephonemarketisquitesimilar.ApplicationoftheChinesemarketatthisstagemainlyinthearchitecturallighting,indoorandoutdoordisplay,basedontheabovereasons,themainforceofthenextwavemaybepresentinthesemarkets,butinmobilephones,smallsizeLCDbacklight,automobilepenetrationwillincrease,andsomescatteredmarketssuchasspeciallightingwillopenupevenmore(thecostofspeciallightingrequirementsforgenerallightingisnotsoharsh).Afterthereplacementofafewyearsago,LEDtrafficlightsisverypopular,astheLED'slifeislonger,theshorttermitisverydifficulttoreplaceintheeventoflarge-scalework,whichmakestheLEDtrafficlightsforaperiodoflowdemandperiod;alargedomesticsedanmarket,buthigher,certificationcyclelength,aslongasthereisexcellentproductquality,domesticmotorvehiclelightsLEDbacklightingandaverylargemarketdemandandgrowthindemandinthismarketisrelativelystable;andLEDdisplayitseasytoassemble,lowpowerconsumption,highbrightness,etc.hasbeenwidelyappliedtothebanking,securities,squares,railwaystations,sportsvenues,thefutureofthismarketthereisstillgreatpotentialforgrowth;intheOlympicGames,WorldExpo,anumberofcitynightdemonstrationeffectoftheproject,ledbyNationalSemiconductorLightingProject,aswellasthemanyfavorablefactors,suchasthepromotionof,thearchitecturallightingmarketisstillabroadprospect.Generallyspeaking,anumberoflargeinternationalcompaniesfocusedonhigh-end,moreconcentratedtargetmarket's"ready"market,aswellasgenerallightingofthehugepotentialmarket,andsomeoftheproductswillberelativelylowtechnicalrequirementsthatthefuturecontrolofthedecentralizednatureofthemarketsoweakoutofhandbecauseofitslargenumberofpatents,donotworryaboutthefuturewasoutofthemarketatthisstagenottopursueproductioncapacity(permonthtoNichia500kk,ToyodaGoseiandCreewere350kkand300kk),andfocusontechnologytoleadthemarkettrend,Whenthetechnologyismatureenoughtobethesizeofthemarketintothegenerallighting,itisestimatedthatitsproductioncapacitywillberapidlyandatthesametimetoreduceexternallicensing.This"center-periphery"ofthecompetitionisexpectedtomaintainalongperiodoftime.Atpresent,themajormanufacturersintheMainlandmarket,ifthefearofchipexportswillencountertwochallenges:First,largeinternationalcompaniesinpatentlitigation(mainlyblueandwhite),infact,aslongasacertainsize,regardlessoftheexportandwhetherthepatentwillencounterchallenges,buttheexportofpatentlitigationismorelikelythatanumberof;Second,thecompetitivenessofotherexternalvendors,especiallymanufacturersinTaiwan,Taiwan'straditionalmanufacturersfollowedtheirstrategy-andtechnologytotracktheinternationalcompanies,atthesametimestronglyimproveproductivity,reducecostsandproductioncapacityinTaiwantheworld'sfirstchip,thereareanumberofotherindustriessuchasthegiantHonHai,theMau,thetotalbeinggoodtoenterthisarea,caninfluencethefutureofTaiwanLEDchipglobalmarketpricefluctuations.Giventhehugedomesticmarketdemand,domesticchipplants,evenifitcanrelyonthedomesticmarketofthedevelopmentofanadequate,ifthephotocompaniesoverseasunlimitedaccesstodomesticmarkets,domesticcompanieswillfacecontinuedcompetitivepressures,whichinthelong-termdomesticenterprisesisaverynegativestatement.LEDindustryisgrowingatthisstage,butalsothelayoutoftheLEDmakersaviewofdomestic,foreigninvestmentintheMainlandtoenjoytaxincentives,domesticenterprisestocompeteinanunequalpositiontoenterthedomesticmarkettoforeigninvestorsshouldbeencouragedtosetupfactoriesinChinatoengageinoutreach,chipcoretechnology,suchasenterprises,theseenterprisescanpromotepersonneltrainingandraisingtheoverallskilllevel;shouldbelimitedtothosepackagesinthecountry,chip,suchaspartofthecoretechnologyfortheoccupationintheforeignmarketfromtheenterprise,Oncesuchabusinesscardinallcoreareas,andlocalenterprisesdonotenjoythebenefitsoftechnologicalprogress,developmentandlimitedspace,Iamafraidtheywillscrambletorelyonpricewar,notsohardtocurryfavorwiththeirownthing,sodealwithonlypartofthecurrentpackageinChinatolimitforeigninvestment,suchasimporttariffsleviedonthechip.Fromthepatentlitigationisconcerned,itsnotterrible,aslongasourmaincompetitors,havetopay,westillcompeteinthesamestartingline,Taiwan'smajorinvolvingtheblueandwhiteLEDchipfactoryinthegrowthprocesshaveexperiencedlitigationLED,reachedasettlementintheproceedingstoobtainpatents,continuetogrow.Thebestresponseistodoatthisstagealarge-scale,accesstopatents,whileatthesametimestrengthenitsownR&Dtoimprovethepatentlitigationinthebargainingpowerforcross-licensing.Domesticenterprisesintermsofsize,Sandymayusherinthegrowthofthefirst"baptism."Thefutureindustrialcompetitivenesswilldependontwoaspects,firstly,technology,includingtoimprovelight-emittingefficiencyandlowerthecostoftechnologytoimprovepowerdevicetechnology,thedirectionoftheroadthereisanextensionofexistingtechnology,butalsopossibleroutesofnewtechnologies;alsoincludingaccesstohigh-qualitytechnologyproducts,aswellasexternalsystemssuchaslightingdesignandtechnology-drivenchipdesign;Second,thescale,onthe

onehand,duetolargescaletoreducecosts,themarketstrongbargainingpower;Ontheotherhand,compoundswithICwafermanufactureofsiliconusedisverydifferent,evenifanextensiononthesameproductionoutofthechipperformancemaybequitedifferent,whichrequirerelativelyhighconsistencyofapplicationareas(suchasatypicalLCDbacklight),theextensionofanThereisonlyapartoftomeettherequirements,butlarge-scaleenterprises,thenumberoflevelsofmarketstructure,canbeinconsistentwiththerequirementsofaparticularmarketdeploymentofchipproductstoanothermarket,thecompany'stotaloutputtoincreasetheefficiencyofthefull.LEDindustryabrightfuture,butonlyintheabove-mentionedtwoaspectsoftheindustry'sleadingenterpriseisthefutureking.Conclusion:Companycommented,domesticenterprisesshouldbeconcernedaboutwhat?IntheentireLEDindustrychainandwhichbusinessconcern?Fromtheoveralldevelopmentprocess,thefivecompaniesmostinvestmentvalue.Aclassofintellectualpropertyrightsisacorebusiness.Roomforthedevelopmentofsuchenterprisesinthemostbroad-baseddomestictoNanchangUniversityestablishedajointprivateequityfundisthecrystalcanbeatypicalrepresentativeofphotoelectric,photoelectriccrystalcanbemadeofsilicon-basedGunBlu-raytechnologytotheworld'stopthreeblueLightoneprocesstechnologytobreakthroughforeignpatentsNichiaandCreeblockade,thecompanyissetupnearthecurrentleveloftheindustryneedtobeinspected;anotherLuforDalian,thecompanythroughtheacquisitionofAmericanLEDchipmanufacturerstomakechipsAXTtechnologyincreases,accesstomorethan40patentedcoretechnologies,aswellasthetechnicalteam.Inaddition,DalianLuengagedinrareearthsincetheoriginallight-emittingmaterial,whiteinthesynthesisoffluorescentpowderusedintheproductionofanedge,isoneoftheworldproductionofonlyafewcanproducelight-emittinglight-emittingmaterialscanchipbusiness.Moreover,thepossibilityofR&Dnewrare-earthfluorescentpowder,breakthroughchina,Ourwhitelighttechnology,suchaspatents,forthedomesticindustryintothegeneralLEDlightingbreakthroughinthelastbarriers!WhiteLEDlightingaslongasthetwomajor"stumblingblock"-Blu-raypatentandwhitepatenttomakeabreakthrough,thedomesticLEDindustryabrightfutureaheadfortherestofthedomesticindustryistotesttheabilityoftheindustry.Apartfromthemercury-freeLEDlightsource,savingenergy,materials,environmentalnon-electromagneticinterference,non-harmfulraysfiveadvantage,fieldsinlighting,especiallyinlandscapelighting,therearemanyadvantages.Suchas:low-voltagepowersupply-nohigh-pressureareas,inordertoinsulationcostsmuchless,highreliabilityannexsimple-nostarter,ballastorEHVtransformer;simplestructure-asolidsourceofthegreatestadvantages,Non-carbonated,non-glasscase,nogassealingproblems,impactresistance;controllablegood-fastresponsetimecolorChina--SemiconductorPNjunctionproducetheirowncolor,pure,strong,richcolors-plusthreeprimarycolorsofdigitaltechnology,evolutionofarbitrarycolor;lightstructure-wood,cost-saving;lampsonstrengthandstiffnessrequirementsofverylow----ThecompactsizeoftheLEDlampscanbeseenastheLEDcells,onlythesmallestLEDmm2orderofmagnitudeorless;flexiblegood-LEDlightsourceofthecompact,LEDcanadapttoallkindsofdifferentsizeandgeometryofspacesizeThedecorativelightingrequirements,suchas:point,line,surface,theball,differentforms,andanyformofartlightingsculpture;visible,LEDisworthyofagreenlightingofthe21stcenturyproud.LEDdecorativelandscapelightingresearchanddevelopmentduetothecharacteristicsoftheLEDwithaseriesofadvantages,LEDlampsinthelandscapegardenlights,pathlights,lampsandburied,smallspotlights,CakeDeng,theFast-TrackRoadLamps,walllamp,andsoon.SourceuseLED,combinedwithchangesincontrol,upgradingtheHowonthelandscape,makingthemmoreartistictastes.Non-standardprofiledthedevelopmentoflandscapelighting,landscapelighting,lampsinstalledtoprotectthelandscapeandenvironment,thepreventionoflightingthevisualimpact,inordertobeautifytheday,undertheartisticLightnight.ThisrequiresinstallationoflampsbecauseofthestructureandsystemtoKing,thearchitecturalfeaturestothesystem,manycannotmeetthestandardlampsismorethanrequired.LEDlampsdesignedflexible,especiallyforthesystemtoKingbecauseofthenon-standardlightingdesign,landscapelightingandvisualcoordination,beautifytheenvironmenttoachieveanewlevel.adevelopmentofVisualArts,andtheLEDlightsourcecanbemorecreativeartoflandscapelightingtoahigherrealm.AsthecontrollableLEDgood,richcolors,andmicroelectronictechnologyintelligentcontrol,toallkindsofideascanbecolorandexcitingjoyfulrhythm,melodybeautifullandscapelighting.Suchas:LEDlightsPark,Pintthanthegas-dischargelampstobemuchmorelongevity,notdamaged,andrichcolors.Anotherexample:LEDlightswinds,justintelligentcomputercontrol,wecanachieve"Nowindatthe"rapidrotation,andalsoenablesautomatictransmissionandforthewonderfulcolorchanges.Similarideas,aslongastheinspiration,canachieve.Lightingsculpturecategoryofdevelopment,anyofthesimulation,bionics,comics,cartoons,commercial,tourismandsoonthevariouslightingsculpture,andsoundcanbecombinedLEDtechnologyandmicroelectronicscontrol,whentogetherwithOnthemechanicalandelectricalintegrationtechnology,developedtoattractpeople'sattentionaseriesoflandscapelightingsculptures.LEDlightinglandscapeofintelligentcontroltechnology,LEDlightinglandscapeofintelligentcontroltechnology,adigitaloranalogtechnology,orcomputercontroltechnology,forthemostcompactorembeddedsystems.Characteristics:highreliability,excellentprices;manychangesinpatterns;existingsingle-lightcontrol,anothergroupcontrolmode;manynon-standarddesign;longlonglampsormore(suchas:long-zone,manyWalllinearlayout);LEDdisplaytechnologyandalotofdifference.Accordingtothelandscapingrequirements,changesincontrolmode,givestorichandcolorful,beautifulmelody,rhythmjoyfulfeelings,sometimestoshakethecoretogivepeopleastrongboost.Accordingtoofrichcolor,colorconstitutealmostunlimited.Inaccordancewiththeprinciplesofthethreeprimarycolorsandgray-scaledigitalcontroltechnology,ontheprincipleofevolutiontobealmostbeyondthearbitrarynaturecolor.Forexample:threecolorLED,suchasusingonlytwogray-scalecontrol,namely:thedarkandcanachieveeightkindsofcolorevolution;Anotherexample:threecolorLED,athree-graycontrol,namely:thatinthedark,Toachieve27kindsofcolorchanges;Anotherexample:threecolorLED,suchastheuseoftheeightdigitalcontrolofgray,colorcategorieshasreachedanalarminglevel,reaching16.77millionkinds,eventhenamesofeverycoloryouaretoolateNamed.Currently,LEDlampselectroniccontrolstructure,therearefiveormorecategories.Ontheperformanceoflife,thesiliconecanbeachievedtoextendtheservicelifeofwhiteLEDtarget,orevenreachmorethan40,000hoursoflife,butisnotreallysuitedtodothelightingontheapplicationofresearchstillneedstobe,becausethesiliconeIsaflexiblesoftmaterial,sointhepackagingprocess,theneedtopayspecialattentiontoapplicationoftheway,fromdesigningthemostappropriateapplicationoftechnology.Forthefutureofthearea,improvewhiteLEDlightoutputefficiencywillbekeytowinningthepoint.WhiteLEDproductiontechniques,fromablueLEDandayellowYAGphosphormix,developedasimulationofthewhitetarget,theuseofcolourormixeduseofGaNmaterials,developedawhiteLED,theapplicationshavealreadyWillbereadoutinthedirectiontowardsamoreextensiveexpansion.Inaddition,inthedevelopmentofLEDlightingpromotingtheJapanAssociationgoalistolookforwardtoin2009isexpectedtoreach100wtheluminousefficiency,andinfact,aconsiderablenumberofIntheindustrytowardsthedevelopmentofthisarea,isexpectedinthenextfewyears,100wluminousefficiencycanactuallycommercialapplications.LEDmicro-electroniccontrolcircuitdesignoptimizationofthefocusis:reliable,thepriceofdistinctions,usingcommoncomponents,sourcesofwealth.Thele