2023年高考英语单元主题素材阅读写作Unit 2 Wildlife Protection-人与自然-环境保护（解析版）

目录

主题：人与自然-环境保护.......................................................................2

必彳修2Unit2WildlifeProtection.............................................................................................................................2

ADayintheCloud....................................................................................................................................................2

GiveUglyaChance!................................................................................................................................................2

Don'tMakePaperwithMyHome!..........................................................................................................................2

译文：................................................................................3

词汇翻译训练：.......................................................................3

名校模拟试题阅读.........................................................................7

01研究北极熊栖息地...................................................................7

02小猫杰克的故事.....................................................................9

真题阅读.................................................................................10

01会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉.............................................................10

02有关狗的研究.....................................................................12

主题写作训练一一人与环境，人与动物.....................................................13

01保护野生濒危动物..................................................................13

02倡议关爱珠峰环境..................................................................14

03动物濒临灭绝的调查报告...........................................................15

04咨询大熊猫情况....................................................................16

主题：人与自然-环境保护

必修2Unit2WildlifeProtection

ADayintheCloud

Theairisthinandwehavetorestseveraltimesontheshorthikefromcamp.Toourleft,snow-covered

mountainsdisappearintocloudsthatseemalmostcloseenoughtotouch.Ontheplaininfrontofus,wecanjust

makeoutaherdofgracefulanimals.Thisiswhywe'rehere-toobserveTibetanantelopes.

TibetanantelopesliveontheplainsofTibet,Xinjiang,andQinghai.Watchingthemmoveslowlyacrossthe

greengrass.Tmstruckbytheirbeauty.Tmalsoremindedofthedangertheyarein.Theyarebeinghunted,illegally,

fortheirvaluablefur.

MyguideisZhaxi,avillagefromChangtang.HeworksattheChangtangNationalNatureReserve.Thereserve

isashelterfortheanimalsandplantsofnorthwesternTibet.ToZhaxi,thelandissacredandprotectingthewildlife

isawayoflifb."We'renottryingtosavetheanimals,hesays."Actually,we'retryingtosaveourselves.^^

The1980sand1990swerebadtimesfortheTibetanantelope.Thepopulationdroppedbymorethan50percent.

Hunterswereshootingantelopestomakeprofits.Theirhabitatswerebecomingsmallerasnewroadsandrailways

werebuilt.

Inordertosavethisspeciesfromextinction,theChinesegovernmentplaceditundernationalprotection.Zhaxi

andothervolunteerswatchedovertheantelopesdayandnighttokeepthemsafefromattacks.Bridgesandgates

wereaddedtolettheantelopesmoveeasilyandkeepthemsafefromcarsandtrains.

Themeasureswereeffective.TheantelopepopulationhasrecoveredandinJune2015,theTibetanantelope

wasremovedfromtheendangeredspecieslist.Thegovernment,however,doesnotintendtostoptheprotection

programmes,sincethethreatstotheTibetanantelopehavenotyetdisappeared.

Intheevening,Idrinkacupofteaandwatchthestars.IthinkabouttheantelopesandwhatZhaxitoldme.

Muchisbeingdonetoprotectwildlife,butifwereallywanttosavetheplanet,wemustchangeourwayoflife.

Onlywhenwelearntoexistinharmonywithnaturecanwestopbeingathreattowildlifeandtoourplanet.

GiveUglyaChance!

Whenitcomestowildlifeprotection,allspecies—thegood,thebad,andtheugly-shouldbetreatedequally.

Pandas,dolphins,andothercutewildlifeareimportant,butwemustpayattentiontolesscuteanimals,too.The

worldneedsallkinds——withoutvariety,ourplanetcannotsurvive.Soifyouwantthefuturetobebeautiful,you

havetogiveuglyachance.

Don'tMakePaperwithMyHome!

Billionsoftreesarebeingcutdowneveryyeartomakepaperforhumans.Everytreethatiscutdownisapart

ofthehabitatofanimalssuchasthesekoalas.Inthiswayalotofanimalhomesarebeingdestroyed!Isitrightto

makeanimalshomelesssothathumanscanhavemorepaper?

译文：

在云间度过的一天

由于空气稀薄，在离开营地的短途徒步旅行中，我们不得不多次休息。在我们的左方，白雪皑皑的群

山消失在似乎触手可及的云层中。放眼平原，我们隐约看到一群体形优美的动物。这就是我们来到此地的

原因——观察藏羚羊。

藏羚羊生活在西藏、新疆和青海的平原上。看着它们（藏羚羊）缓缓穿过绿色的草地，我被其美丽所

震撼，也想到了藏羚羊所处的险境。因其珍贵的羊毛，它们（藏羚羊）正遭受非法猎杀。

我的向导扎西是一位来自羌塘的村民。扎西在羌塘国家自然保护区工作。该保护区是西藏西北部动

植物的庇护所。对扎西来说，这片土地是神圣的，保护野生动物是一种生活方式。“我们不是在试图拯救

动物。”他说道，“事实上，我们是在努力拯救自己。”

对藏羚羊来说，二十世纪八九十年代是一个悲惨的时代。藏羚羊数量减少了50%以上。猎人们为了

谋利而射杀它们。随着新公路和铁路的修建，藏羚羊的栖息地也不断缩小。

为了使这一物种免遭灭绝，中国政府将其置于国家保护之下。扎西和其他志愿者日夜看护着藏羚羊，

保护它们免受攻击。新增的一些桥梁和涵洞，便于藏羚羊自由穿行，防止它们撞上汽车和火车.

这些措施效果明显。臧羚羊数量已经恢复。2015年6月，藏羚羊从濒危物种名单中删除。然而，政

府并没有打算停止这些保护项目，因为对藏羚羊的威胁依然存在。

夜晚时分，我喝着茶，仰望星空。心里想起藏羚羊以及扎西对我说的那番话。在野生动物保护方面尽

管我们正在做大量工作，但是，如果真想拯救地球，就必须改变我们自己的生活方式。只有学会和自然和

睦共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。

给难看的动物一个机会！

谈到野生动物保护，所有的物种——好的、坏的、丑的——都应该得到平等的对待。熊猫、海豚以及

其他可爱的野生动物固然很重要，但是我们也要关注那些不怎么可爱的动物。世界需要万物——没有多

样性，我们的星球就无法生存。因此，如果你想让未来变得美丽，你得给不好看的动物一个机会。

不要用我的家来造纸！

每年，数十亿棵树木遭到砍伐，用于人类造纸。每棵被砍伐的树木都是诸如考拉等动物栖息地的一部

分。砍树造纸摧毁了众多动物的家园！为了让人类有更多的纸张，就让动物无家可归，这样做对吗？

词汇翻译训练：

1.reserve/n'z3：v/n.（动植物）保护区；储藏（量）；vt.预订；预留；保留

请翻译：

第三，未经许可，不得进入保护区内爬山。

Thirdly,youcan'tgoinsidethereservetoclimbthemountainswithoutpermission.

2.observe/ab'z3：v/vt.观察（至（I）；注视；遵守

请翻译：

然而，不管不习惯的人有多不习惯，他们都必须遵守新规定。

Nevertheless,howeverunaccustomedpeoplemayfeel,theymustobservethenewregulation.

3.remind/'nmaind/vt.提醒；使想起

remindsbofsb/sth使某人想起(类似的人或物)

请翻译：

再者，让我们互相提醒，要经常清理盘子或把剩菜打包回家。

Furthermore,let5sremindeachothertocleartheplateallthetimeorpackleftovershome.

4.shoot/fu:t/vt.&vi.(shot,shot)射杀；射伤；发射

请翻译：

来自109个国家的9000多名军事运动员参加了射击、游泳、篮球等329个项目的比赛。

Morethan9,000militaryathletesfrom109countriescametocompetein329eventslikeshooting,swimming,

basketballandsoon.

5.profit/profit/n.利洞；利益

请翻译：

其次，一些人为了高利润非法捕猎野生动物，因此，许多野生动物正处于濒危状态。

Secondly,somepeopleillegallyhuntwildanimalsjustforhighprofit,therefore,manywildanimalsbeing

endangered.

6.dayandnight/deisendnait/日日夜夜；夜以继日

请翻译：

尽管危险，钟南山日夜努力治疗非典患者。

Dangerousasitwas,ZhongNanshanworkedharddayandnighttreatingSARSpatients.

7.attack/n't史k/n.,vi.&vt.攻击；抨击

请翻译：

此外，定期锻炼很重要，因为它可以锻炼身体，预防疾病侵袭。

Besides,itisimportanttotakeregularexercise,becauseitcanbuildyourbodyandpreventdiseasesattackingyou.

8.effective/ifcktiv/adj.有效的；生效的

请翻译：

这个游戏既有趣又有效。

Thegamesarefunandeffective.

9.intend/in'Und/vi.&vt.打算；计划；想要

请翻译：

我们学校将开设劳动课程，旨在提高学生的劳动意识，帮助他们养成良好的劳动习惯。

Thelaborcourseswillbestartedinourschool,whichisintendedtoimprovestudents5awarenessoflabour

andhelpformagoodhabit.

10.threat/0ret/n.威胁

threaten/'Oretn/vt.威胁；危及

请翻译：

随着夏季的临近，我市不时会出现台风，台风经常带来狂风暴雨，威胁我们的生命。

Withsummerdrawingnear,typhoonshappennowandtheninourcity,whichoftenbringviolentwindandheavy

rain,threateningourlives.

11.exist/ig'zist/vi.存在;生存

请翻译：

周一下午，我们参加了一场关于生命是否可以在其他行星上存在的讲座。

OnMondayafternoon,weattendedalectureaboutwhetherlifecanexistonotherplanets.

12.harmony/ha:moni/n.和谐；融治

请翻译：

事实上，我们不仅获得了迷人的风景，还享受了人与自然的和谐。

Actually,notonlyhavewebeenrewardedwithfascinatingscenery,butalsowehaveenjoyedthehannonybetween

humanbeingsandnature.

13.reduce/n'dju:s/vt.减少

请翻译：

此外，为什么不举办一些有意义的活动，比如向贫困地区的儿童捐赠学生的二手书，这样可以大大降低资

源浪费的程度。

Also,whynotholdmeaningfulactivitieslikedonatingsecond-handbooksfromstudentsfbrthechildreninpoverty-

strickenareas,whichcangreatlyreducethedegreetowhichresourcesarewasted.

14.due/djui/adj.由于；因为

dueto/dju:tu:/由于；因为

请翻译：

我很遗憾地获悉，由于疫情，您长期无法回国。

Iamsorrytolearnthatyouhavebeenunabletoreturnyourcountryfbralongtimeduetotheepidemic.

15.stir/st3：/vt.激发；搅动

stirup/st3：rAp/激起

请翻译：

作为一个像你一样的太空爱好者，我真的迫不及待地想和你分享一个最激动人心的消息：中国的神舟

十二号宇宙飞船于上午9点22分成功发射升空。北京时间2021年6月17日。

Asaspaceenthusiastlikeyou,Ireallycan'twaittosharewithyouamoststirringnewsthatChina'sShenzhou

XIIspacecraftwaslaunchedintospacesuccessfullyat9:22am.,June17,2021Beijingtime.

16.emotion/imaojan/n.感情；情感；情绪

请翻译：

看着三代人的作品，我感慨万千。

Lookingattheworkofthreegenerations,Iamfilledwithemotion.

17.extinct/iks'tiijkt/adj.已灭绝的

extinction/iks'tigkfan/n.灭绝

请翻译：

如你所知，在过去的几十年里，野生动物数量急剧减少，有些甚至濒临灭绝。

Asyouknow,thepastseveraldecadeshavewitnessedthedramaticdecreaseofwildanimals,someevenbeingin

dangerofextinction.

18.aware/o'wea/adj.知道；发觉；有..意识的

awareof/o'wearnv/意识到；知道

请翻译：

我们应该提高责任感和道路安全意识。

Weshouldraiseoursenseofresponsibilityandroadsafetyawareness.

19.concern/kons3：n/vt.涉及；让…担忧

concerned/knn's3：nd/adj.担心的；关切的

concernedabout对...关切的；为....担忧的

请翻译：

感谢您对我的学校教育的关注，现在我写信告诉您我在最后一学年的计划。

Thankyouforyourconcernaboutmyschooling,andnowI'mwritingtotellyousomethingaboutmyplansinthe

finalacademicyear.

20.adapt/o'djept/vi.适应；vt.使适应；使适合

adaptto/s'daepttu:/适应

请翻译：

所有的学生都沉浸在比赛的准备中，他们不遗余力地改编音乐，进行舞台设计，并在钢琴伴奏下排练。

Alltheclasses,immersedinthepreparationforthecompetition,wenttogreatlengthstoadaptthemusic,conduct

thestagedesignandrehearsetothepianoaccompaniment.

21.pressure/'prcjo/n.压力；要求

underpressure/'Andsprej's/在压力下；承受压力

请翻译：

为了帮助学生正确应对压力，我们学校将邀请北京大学的陈博士在学校礼堂进行讲座。

Inordertohelpthestudentscopewithpressureproperly,ourschoolwillinviteDr.ChenfromPekingUniversityto

givealectureonitintheschoolhall.

名校模拟试题阅读

01研究北极熊栖息地

Mr.Paganoiswatchingavideoofapolarbearswimmingafteraseal.Thesealescapes!Thebearmeetsanother

bear.Theysniffateachotherandthengoseparateways.Whatmakesthisvideosounusualisthatit'sfromthepoint

ofviewofthepolarbear.Acamerawaspreviouslyputaroundthebear'sneckbyMr.Pagano'sresearchteamwith

theaimtofindoutwhatpolarbearswillneedtosurviveintheirchanginghabitat.

Accordingtoscientists,polarbearsareendangeredbecauseofEarth'swarmingclimate,whichisshrinkingthe

icepackthatfloatsontheArcticOcean.Theicepackgoesthroughayearlycycle.Inthefallandwinter,theice

packgrowssouthward,stretchingtowardNorthAmerica,Asia,andEurope.Bytheendofwinter,theicepacklies

overshallowerwatersnearland,wheresealslive.Thepolarbearshuntalongtheedgeofthatice,eatingsealsinthe

springandearlysummerbeforetheiceovershallowwatersmelts.It'showthebearsfattenupforthenextwinter.

Inthepastfewdecades,theicepackhasstartedtogrowlaterinthefall.Asaresult,itisn'tasthickandstarts

tomeltandbreakupearlierinthespring.Thatgivesthebearslessseaiceforhuntingandforcessomeofthemto

swimfarthertomovebetweenlandandicehabitats.Studiesshowthat,inplaceswheretheicehasbeenbreaking

upearlierfbrdecades,thenumberofbearsisgoingdown,andtheiroverallhealthisgettingworse.Scientistswant

toknowifbearsarestillfindingenoughtoeatandhowfartheyhavetotravel,orswim,tofindfood.

UsingtheGPScollars,theresearchersconfirmedthatsomebearsareswimminglongdistances.Of52bears,

20tookatotalof50long-distanceswims,eachoneajourneyofmorethan30miles.Arethelong-distancetravels

harmingtheirchancesfbrsurvival?IfpolarbearsaregoingtosurviveinthewarmingArctic,humansmayneedto

actrightnow.WiththeworkofscientistslikeMr.Pagano,silverliningswillfinallycutopenthedarkness.

28.WhatprobablyisMr.Pagano?

A.Aclimatescientist.B.Azoologist.C.AGPSengineer.D.Aniceobserver.

29.Thevideoisspecialbecause.

A.itismadebyprofessionalanimalresearchers

B.itsaimistotracebearbehaviorsinNorthPole

C.itisfilmedbyacameraattachedtoapolarbear

D.ituseshi-techGPStostudypolarbears,habitats

30.WhatmakespolarbearsintheArcticendangered?

A.Theshrinkingshallowwaters.B.Thedecreasingnumberofseals.

C.Thelong-distancetravelsforhabitats.D.Thechangedyearlycycleoficepacks.

31.Accordingtotheauthor,Mr.Pagano'sresearchis.

A.hopefulB.limitedC.completeD.questionable

【答案】28.B29.C30.D31.A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了动物学家Pagano在北极熊的脖子上挂了一架相机，目的是找出

北极熊在不断变化的栖息地生存需要什么。文章介绍了导致北极熊濒临灭绝的原因以及这项研究的发现。

【28题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段中“Acamerawaspreviouslyputaroundthebear'sneckbyMr.Pagano'sresearchteam

withtheaimtofindoutwhatpolarbearswillneedtosurviveintheirchanginghabitat.（Pagano的研究团队之前

在北极熊的脖子上挂了一架相机，目的是找出北极熊在不断变化的栖息地生存需要什么）”以及最后一段中

“WiththeworkofscientistslikeMr.Pagano,silverliningswillfinallycutopenthedarkness.（在Pagano这样的科

学家的努力下，一线曙光终于将揭开黑暗的面纱）”可推知，Pagano是动物学家。故选B。

【29题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Whatmakesthisvideosounusualisthatit'sfromthepointofviewofthepolarbear.

（这个视频之所以与众不同是因为它是从北极熊的角度拍摄的）”可知，录像的特殊之处在于是以北极熊的视

觉拍摄的。故选C。

【30题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Inthepastfewdecades,theicepackhasstartedtogrowlaterinthefall.Asaresult,it

isn'tasthickandstartstomeltandbreakupearlierinthespring.Thatgivesthebearslessseaiceforhuntingand

forcessomeofthemtoswimfarthertomovebetweenlandandicehabitats.Studiesshowthat,inplaceswherethe

icehasbeenbreakingupearlierfordecades,thenumberofbearsisgoingdown,andtheiroverallhealthisgetting

worse.Scientistswanttoknowifbearsarestillfindingenoughtoeatandhowfartheyhavetotravel,orswim,to

findfbod.（在过去的几十年里，浮冰在秋天后期开始扩张。因此，它没有那么厚，在春天开始融化和破裂的

时间更早。这使得北极熊捕猎的海冰减少，迫使其中一些北极熊在陆地和冰面栖息地之间游得更远。研究

表明，在那些冰层早在儿十年前就破裂的地方，熊的数量正在减少，它们的整体健康状况也在恶化。科学

家们想知道熊是否还能找到足够的食物，以及它们需要走多远才能找到食物）”可知，浮冰每年变化的周期

让北极的北极熊濒临灭绝。故选D。

【31题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“WiththeworkofscientistslikeMr.Pagano,silverliningswillfinallycutopenthe

darkness.（在Pagan。这样的科学家的努力下，一线曙光终于将揭开黑暗的面纱）“可推知，Mr.Pagano团队的

研究带给人希望。故选A。

02小猫杰克的故事

Jackwasbomwithouteyes.Hewasveryluckyashegrewuphavingotherkittens(youngcats)tosocialize

with,andwasusedtopeoplefromthemomenthewasbom.However,whenitcametimetofindthekittenshomes,

nooneknewwhereJackwouldendup.

That'swhenIgotanemailfrommyfriend.Allsheaskedwas“Doyoustillwantoneofthekittens?There's

oneherewithnoeyesandnoonewouldliketotakehim.^^Withoutthinking,ItoldherthatIdidwantthekitten.

Whenwefirstbroughthimhome,Jackstayedmostlyinmyroom.Afteraboutadayhehadnoissuesrunning

aroundandclimbingoneverything.Attimeshegetslostinthehouse,hellstop.Butwejustcallhimandtalkto

himanditisn*tlongbeforehefindshiswaybacktous.

AfewweeksaftergettingJack,wegotanewfarmcatnamedBear.JackandBearhavebecomebestfriends.

Itdoesn'tmatterthathecan*tsee.HealwaysknowswhenBearisaround.He'llrunacrosstheyardstraighttoBear

andwraphisfrontlegsaroundhisneckinabighug.Theyrunaftereachotheraroundandwrestle.The/llliedown

inthegrasstogetherwhentired.

Jackistrulyaninspiration.I'veownedlotsofkittensinmylife,butJackisthehappiestandmostplayful.He

doesn'tfeelsorryfbrhimself.Hedoesn'tneedpity.IthinkJean,ownerofGumbo,anothereyelesscat,saiditbest

whenshetoldmethatcatsdon'thavedisabilities,theyhaveadaptability.

4.WhydidJackcometoourhome?

A.Ilikedaneyelesscat.B.Ididn*tmindwhetherhewasblind.

CNootheryoungcatskepthimcompany.D.Myfriendorderedmetotakehimhome.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“issues“inthe3rdparagraphmean?

A.Difficulty.B.Fun.C.Luck.D.Business.

6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Jacklikestoplaywithaneweyelesscat.

B.Jackisgoodattalkingandplayingwithpeople.

C.Jackquicklyadaptstothenewenvironment.

D.JackandBearliedownonthesofatogetherwhentired.

7.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Acathasninelives.B.Alliswellthatendswell.

C.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.D.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.

【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.C

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者收养了一只天生没有眼睛的小猫杰克，杰克适应新环境的能力

很快，而且是作者养过最快乐、最爱玩的猫，他并没有因为自己没有眼睛而感到难过。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“AUsheaskedwas'Doyoustillwantoneofthekittens?There'soneherewithno

eyesandnoonewouldliketotakehim.'Withoutthinking,ItoldherthatIdidwantthekitten.(她只是问了——句：

“那些小猫里，你现在还想不想要一只？这里还有一只没有眼睛的猫，没有人愿意把他带走。我想都没想就

告诉她我想要那只小猫)”可知，杰克来到作者家，是因为作者不介意他是否失明。故选B。

【5题详解】

词义猜测题。根据划线词后文“runningaroundandclimbingoneverything”可知没有眼睛的杰克来到作者家大

约过了一天，他就可以跑来跑去，爬上所有的东西都没有困难了，故划线词意思为“困难A.Difficulty.困

难；B.Fun.乐趣;C.Luck.运气；D.Business.生意。故选A。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中“Afteraboutadayhehadnoissuesrunningaroundandclimbingoneverything.At

timeshegetslostinthehouse,he*llstop.Butwejustcallhimandtalktohimanditisn'tlongbeforehefindshis

waybacktous.（大约过了一天，他可以到处跑，爬到各种东西上。有时他在房子里迷路了，他会停下来。但

我们只要呼唤他，和他说话，不久他就能找到回到我们身边的路户可知，杰克很快适应了新的环境。故选

Co

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段"Jackistrulyaninspiration.Fveownedlotsofkittensinmylife,butJackisthe

happiestandmostplayful.Hedoesn*tfeelsorryfbrhimself.Hedoesn'tneedpity.IthinkJean,ownerofGumbo,

anothereyelesscat,saiditbestwhenshetoldmethatcatsdon'thavedisabilities,theyhaveadaptability.（杰克真是

个鼓舞人心的猫。我养过很多小猫，但杰克是最快乐、最爱玩的。他并不为自己感到难过。他不需要同情。

另一只盲猫Gumbo的主人Jean告诉我，猫没有残疾，它们有适应能力，这是她说得最好的一句话）“结合

文章主要记叙了作者收养了一只天生没有眼睛的小猫杰克，杰克适应新环境的能力很快，而且最快乐、最

爱玩的，他并没有因为自己没有眼睛而感到难过。可知，从文章中我们能认识到“自助者天助”这个道理。

故选Co

真题阅读

01会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉

Goffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape­

recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveproved

skilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanut

insideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada"keyhole“inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferently

shaped"keys"tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect"key"wouldletoutthenut.

Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanother

yearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical（对称的）shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethata

shapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan4€allocentricframeofrefercnce^^.In

theexperiment,Goffin'scockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolfbrthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognition

alone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.Thisindicatesthat

Goffin'scockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similarto

two-year-oldbabies.

Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisual

clues（线索）,oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.

4.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?

A.Byfollowinginstructions.B.Byusingatool.

C.Byturningtheboxaround.D.Byremovingthelid.

5.Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtothetext?

A.Usingakeytounlockadoor.B.Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.

C.Puttingaballintoaroundhole.D.Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.

6.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?

A.Howfartheyareabletosee.B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.

C.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.

7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckersB.Cockatoos:IndependentLearners

C.Cockatoos:CleverSignal-ReadersD.Cockatoos:SkilfulShape-Sorters

【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattool

usewhilekeptinthecage.（虽然人们不知道这些鸟在野外会使用工具，但事实证明，它们在关在笼子里时就

能熟练地使用工具）“以及"thebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped"keys"tochoosefrom.Inserting,thecorrect

“keys”wouldletoutthenut.（研究人员给了这些鸟5把形状各异的“钥匙”供它们选择。插入，正确的“钥匙”

会让坚果出来）“可知，在实验中，凤头鹦鹉是通过使用工具从盒子里取出坚果的。故选B。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第1二段“Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearof

age（在人类身上，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆形的洞里）''结合选项，可知，一岁

儿童最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里”的任务。故选C»

【6题详解】

推理判断题。通过文章最后一段"Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthe

cockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues,oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.（根据研究人

员的说法，下一步是尝试弄清楚风头鹦鹉是完全依靠视觉线索，还是也使用触觉来选择它们的形状）''可推

知，后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在测试中是否使用触觉。故选D。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，再结合文章第一段“Coffin'scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,have

beenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.（科芬的凤头鹦鹉是一种原产于

大洋洲的小鹦鹉，它的形状识别能力与两岁的人类相似）”可推知，本文主要介绍了会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。

D项”（2比1^。。$:$16向1$1^^€6。加3（凤头鹦鹉：识别形状的熟练工）“符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故

选D。

02有关狗的研究

Ifyouevergettheimpressionthatyourdogcan"tell”whetheryoulookcontentorannoyed,youmaybeonto

something.Dogsmayindeedbeabletodistinguishbetweenhappyandangryhumanfaces,accordingtoanewstudy

Researcherstrainedagroupof11dogstodistinguishbetweenimages（图像）ofthesamepersonmaking

eitherahappyoranangryface.Duringthetrainingstage,eachdogwasshownonlytheupperhalforthelowerhalf

oftheperson*sface.Theresearchersthentestedthedogs*abilitytodistinguishbetweenhumanfacialexpressions

byshowingthemtheotherhalfoftheperson'sfaceonimagestotallydifferentfromtheonesusedintraining.The

researchersfoundthatthedogswereabletopicktheangryorhappyfacebytouchingapictureofitwiththeirnoses

moreoftenthanonewouldexpectbyrandomchance.

Thestudyshowedtheanimalshadfiguredouthowtoapplywhattheylearnedabouthumanfacesduring

trainingtonewfacesinthetestingstage."Wecanruleoutthatthedogesimplydistinguishbetweenthepictures

basedonasimplecue,suchasthesightofteeth,"saidstudyauthorCorsinMuller."Instead,ourresultssuggestthat

thesuccessfuldogsrealizedthatasmilingmouthmeansthesamethingassmilingeyes,andthesameruleapplies

toanangrymouthhavingthesamemeaningasangryeyes.^^

"Withourstudy,wethinkwecannowconfidentlyconcludethatatleastsomedogscandistinguishhuman

facialexpressions/MullertoldLineScience.

Atthispoint,itisnotclearwhydogsseemtobeequippedwiththeabilitytorecognizedifferentfacial

expressionsinhumans.nTous,themostlikelyexplanationappearstobethatthebasisliesintheirlivingwith

humans,whichgivesthemalotofexposuretohumanfacialexpressions/andthisexposurehasprovidedthemwith

manychancestolearntodistinguishbetweenthem,Mullersaid.

28.Thenewstudyfocusedonwhetherdogscan.

A.distinguishshapesB.makesenseofhumanfaces

C.feelhappyorangryD.communicatewitheachother

29.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudyfromparagraph2?

A.Researcherstestedthedogsinrandomorder.

B.Diversemethodswereadoptedduringtraining.

C.Picturesusedinthetwostagesweredifferent

D.Thedogswerephotographedbeforethelest.

30.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Asuggestionforfuturestudies.B.Apossiblereasonforthestudyfindings.

C.AmajorlimitationofthestudyD.Anexplanationoftheresearchmethod.

答案与解析：

28.B主旨大意题。根据短文首段的第二句"Dogsmayinxdeedbeabletodistinguishbetweenhappyandangry

humanfaces,accordingtoanewstudy”可知，一项新的研究表明，狗可能真地可以辨别人的表情是高兴还是

愤怒,紧接着后文又详细介绍了研究过程和结论，即狗能够识别人的表情，且倒数第二段的“Withourstudy,

wethinkwecannowconfidentlyconcludethatatleastsomedogscandistinguishhumanfacial!expressionsM•句

明确给出了结论。故选B项。

29.C细节理解。根据第二段中的“Theresearchersthentestedthedogsnabilitytodistinguishbetweenhuman

facialexpressionsbyshowingthemtheotherhalfoftheperson'sfaceorimagestotallydifferentfromtheonesu