河南省周口市项城市实验小学等校2023-2024学年四年级上学期1月期末数学试题

2023-2024学年度第一学期高二第一次月考英语试卷1、答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将所在的试室、自己姓名、班别和考生号填写在答题卷(卡)上，涉及电脑阅卷的答题卡要用2B铅笔涂好考生号。2、答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔写在答题卷各题目指定区域内相应位置上，涉及电脑阅卷的答题卡用2B铅笔填涂，不准使用涂改液，否则一律无效。3、交卷时，只交回答题卷(卡)，试卷由考生自己带回保管。一、听力(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)每段播放两遍。各段后有几个小题，各段播放前每小题有5秒钟的阅题时间。听下面一段对话，回答第1—2题。1.Whydidthementhinktherobothefirstmentionedwassoexciting?A.Itwasgoodatdancing.B.ItlookedlikeMichaelJackson.C.IttalkedlikeMichaelJackson.2.WhatwastherobotfromtheShanghaiWorldExpolike?A.Itwaspopular.B.It’shelpful.C.It’sfrightening.听下面一段对话，回答第3—5题。3.Howlongwillthemánstayinthehotel?A.Fivenights.B.Threenights.C.Twonights.4.Whatdoesthemanwanttohaveinhisroom?A.Adoublebed.B.ATVset.C.Wirelessaccess.5.Whatistheman’stelephonenumber?A.626-555-1729B.626-555-1799C.626-555-1299听下面一段独白，回答第6—8题。6.Howmanyadvantagesofdrivinglittlecarsarementionedinthetalk?A.2.B.3.C.47.Whatisthedisadvantageofthelittlecars?A.Theycan’tbeusedforlongtrips.B.Theyneedspecialgas.C.Theyneedspecialroads.8.Whatdoesthespeakermentionintheend?A.Today’scarsaretwiceasheavyasthefuturelittleones.B.Threesetsofroadswillbenecessaryinthefuture.C.Robotsmayoperatelittlecarsinthefuture.听下面一段对话，回答第9—10题。9.Whoisholdingtheexhibition?A.Somerobotscientists.B.Thelocalgovernment.C.Somedesignersofrobots.10.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?更多课件教案等优质滋元可家威杏MXSJ663A.Themanworksinthesciencemuseum.B.Theexhibitionisaninternationalevent.C.Thewomanwon’tgototheexhibitionthatday.二、单项选择(共10小题，每题1分，满分10分)1.________anewhouseisimpossiblefortheyoungcouplebecausetheyhaven’tsavedenoughmoney.A.Buy B.BuyingC.Bought D.Havingbought【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：买一套新房对这对年轻夫妇来说是不可能的，因为他们没有攒到足够的钱。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语。故选B项。2.Inautumn,therearesomany_______leavesontheground.A.fallen B.falling C.fall D.arefalling【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：秋天，地上有很多落叶。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词are，空处需填非谓语动词作定语，排除C项和D项；falling表示“正在落下的”，不符合题意；此处fall和leaves为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式表示完成的动作。故选A。3.It’snouse______aboutit.Youcan’tdoanythingtochangeit.A.worried B.toworry C.worrying D.worry【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词的固定结构。句意：担心它没用，你做什么多改变不了它。It’snousedoingsth.，意为“做某事没用”。根据句意，故选C。4.Thelasthalfofthenineteenthcentury______thesteadyimprovementinthemeansoftravel.A.haswitnessed B.waswitnessed C.witnessed D.hadwitnessed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：19世纪后半叶见证了旅行工具的稳步改进。witness是及物动词，意义为“见证；目睹”，句子主语thelasthalfofthenineteenthcentury和动词witness之间是主动关系，所以应该用主动语态，先排除B项；因thelasthalfofthenineteenthcentury是表示过去的时间，所以用一般过去时，排除A项和D项。故选C项。5.Heisoften________hisclassmates,________worrieshisparentsalot.A.conflicting;which B.conflicted;thatC.inconflictwith;which D.inconflictagainst;that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查介词短语和定语从句。句意：他经常和同学发生冲突，这使他的父母很担心。表示“冲突”应为conflict为动词和名词，表示“与……发生冲突”应为conflictwithsb.或者是inconflictwith，结合选项可知，第一空应为介词短语inconflictwith作表语，第二空应为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，所以第二空应为关系代词which。故选C项。6.Wang

says

she

stopped

allowing

people

to

sign

up

to

________homelesschildrenafterthelistnearedtwothousandpeople.A.adopt B.adapt C.adjust D.appoint【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：王说，在名单人数接近二千人之后，她不再允许人们报名收养无家可归的孩子。分析句子可知，宾语是homelesschildren（无家可归的孩子），可知是收养（adopt）。故选A。adapt使适应；改编；adjust调整，使…适合；校准；appoint任命；指定；约定。7.______tohisworkresultedinhisgreatsuccess.A.Devoting B.Being

devotedC.Devoted D.To

devote【答案】B【解析】【分析】考查非谓语动词。【详解】句意：专心工作导致他取得很大的成功。bedevotedtosth专心于。分析句子成分，缺少主语，用beingdevoted，是因为beingdevoted在句子中作主语，要用动名词。故选B。8.________himself________theproject,hehadnotimetogobackhome.A.Occupied;with B.Occupied;in C.Occupying;with D.Occupying;on【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词occupy的搭配及非谓语动词。句意：由于忙于这个项目，他没有时间回家。动词occupy意为“占据；使忙于”，其固定搭配为occupyoneselfwithsth/indoingsth，意为“忙于（做）某事”，其形容词occupied“忙于……的”，其用法为beoccupiedwithsth/indoingsth，分析句子结构此处应用非谓语动词形式，主语he与occupy之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动，作原因状语。故选C项。9.Whenshewascollectingrubbishinthemorning，thecleanersawatallmaninablackcoat______outsidetheoffice．A.waiting B.waitedC.wait D.towait【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查现在分词。句意：当早上收集垃圾时，这个清洁工看见一个穿着黑外套的高个子男人正在办公室外等着。seesbdoing是看见某人正在做某事，所以A选项符合题意，故选A。10.Canyouimagine________theworkintwelvehours?A.hefinishes B.himfinishing C.himfinish D.himtofinish【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动名词的复合结构。句意：你能想象他在十二小时内完成这项工作吗？分析句子结构可知，此处动名词的复合结构作imagine的复合宾语“imagine+名词/代词+分词”意为想象某人做某事。故选B项。【点睛】imagine后可跟复合宾语：imagine+名词/代词+名词；imagine+名词/代词+形容词；imagine+名词/代词+介词短语；imagine+名词/代词+分词。三、阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAmusicfestival,whichisoftenpresentedwithamainidea,isacommunityeventmainlyaboutliveperformancesofsingingandinstrumentplaying.Onthelistarethemusicfestivalsforfansaroundtheworld.Findyourfavouritenow!FieldDayJanuary1,2022,SydneyFieldDaymeansNewYear’sDayforyoungpeopleinSydney.Seenasthecity’soriginaloutdoorparty,it’sagatheringoffriendscomingtogetherforagreatfun-filledfirstdayoftheyear.There’sanairofhopeandactiveenergyonaperfectsummer’sday.EnvisionFestivalFebruary21-26,2022,UvitaTheEnvisionFestivalisanannualeventinCostaRicathatwantstoprovideachancefordifferentculturestoworkwithoneanothertocreateabettercommunity.Thefestivalencouragespeopletopractiseart,musicanddanceperformances.Atthesametime,ourconnectionwithnatureisexpectedtobestrengthened.McDowellMountainMusicFestivalMarch2-4,2022,PhoenixTheMcDowellMountainMusicFestivalisPhoenix’smusicalcelebrationofcommunityculture.Sinceitsfoundingin2004,itistheonly100%nonprofit(非营利的)musicfestivaldesignedtosupport,entertainandeducatethecommunity.Thefestivalattractsthousandsofvisitorseachyearfromaroundthecountry,anditisanopportunitytoexperiencetrueculture.OldSettler’sMusicFestivalApril19-22,2022,TilmonTheOldSettler’sMusicFestivalisanationallyknownmusicfestivalforAmericanmusic.ThefestivalisheldinTilmon,Texasattheheightofthewildflowerseason.TheOldSettler’sMusicFestivaloffersgreatmusicandactivitiesforthewholefamily.11.WhichcityshouldyougotoifyouintendtoparticipateinamusicfestivalinJanuary?A.Sydney. B.Uvita. C.Phoenix. D.Tilmon.12.WhatisspecialabouttheMcDowellMountainMusicFestival?A.Itencouragespeopletoreceiveeducation.B.Itisnotheldtomakemoney.C.Itprovidesachanceforfriendstomeeteachother.D.Itfocusesonculturespread.13.Whichfestivalsareconnectedwithnature?A.FieldDayandEnvisionFestival.B.EnvisionFestivalandMcDowellMountainMusicFestivalC.OldSettler’sMusicFestivalandMcDowellMountainMusicFestival.D.EnvisionFestivalandOldSettler’sMusicFestival.【答案】11.A12.B13.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个著名的音乐节。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据FieldDay中的“January1,2022,Sydney(2022年1月1日，悉尼)”可知，如果你想在一月份参加音乐节，你可以去悉尼参加FieldDay。故选A项。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据McDowellMountainMusicFestival中的“Sinceitsfoundingin2004,itistheonly100%nonprofit(非营利的)musicfestivaldesignedtosupport,entertainandeducatethecommunity.(自2004年成立以来，它是唯一一个100%非盈利性的音乐节，旨在支持、娱乐和教育社区)”可知，McDowellMountain音乐节的特殊之处在于它是非营利性的，不是为了赚钱。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据EnvisionFestival中的“Atthesametime,ourconnectionwithnatureisexpectedtobestrengthened.(与此同时，我们与自然的联系也将得到加强)”和OldSettler’sMusicFestival中的“ThefestivalisheldinTilmon,Texasattheheightofthewildflowerseason.(这个节日是在野花盛开的季节，在德克萨斯州的蒂尔蒙举行的)”可知，EnvisionFestival和OldSettler’sMusicFestival这两个音乐节都与自然相关。故选D项。BMyparentslovetennisandthey'remembersofatennisclub.Myolderbrotherwasreallygoodatitandtheysupportedhim—takinghimtolessonsallthetime.SowhenIannouncedIwantedtobeatennischampionwhenIgrewup,Ijustintendedforthemtonoticeme.Mymotherlaughed.SheknewIcouldn'tpossiblybeserious,Iwasjusta4-year-oldkid!Later,Ijoinedtheclub'sjuniorcoachinggroupandeventuallytookpartinmyfirstpropercontest,confidentthatmyteamwoulddowell.Wewon,whichwasfantastic,butIwasn'tsosuccessful.Ididn'tevenwanttobeintheteamphotobecauseIdidn'tfeelIdeservedtobe.Whenmycoachaskedwhathappenedinmyfinalmatch,Ididn'tknowwhattosay.Icouldn'tbelieveI'dlost.IthoughtIwasthebetterplayer.ButeverytimeIattacked,theotherplayerdefendedwell.Icouldn'texplaintheresult.Afterthat,Idecidedtolistenmorecarefullytomycoachbecausehehadlotsoftips.IrealisedthatIneedtherightattitudetobeawinner.OncourtIhaveaplanbutsometimestheotherguywilldosomethingunexpectedsoI'llchangeit.IfIloseapoint,Idomybesttoforgetitandfindawaytowinthenextone.Attournaments,it'simpossibletoavoidplayerswhoexplodeinanger.Lotsofplayerscanbenegative,includingmyselfsometimes.Ifeltangryandnearlybrokemyracket!Butmycoachhashelpedmedevelopwaystocontrolthosefeelings.Afterall,thejudgeshaveahardjobandyoujusthavetoaccepttheirdecisions.MycoachdemandsthatItraininthegymtomakesureI'mstrongrighttotheendofatournament.I'mgettinggoodresults:myshotsaremoreaccurateandthere'sachancethatIcouldbeachampiononedaywithhardwork.14.Theauthorsaidthathewasgoingtobeatennischampioninorderto________.A.pleasehisparents B.annoyhisolderbrotherC.getsomeattention D.persuadepeoplethathewasserious15.Howdidtheauthorfeelafterhisfirstimportantcompetition?A.Hewasconfusedabouthisdefeat. B.Hewasproudtobeamemberofthewinningteam.C.Hewasfondofthewayhetreatedanotherplayer. D.Hewasamazedthathehadgotsofarinthetournament.16.Whatdoestheauthortrytorememberwhenhe'sonthecourt?A.Followhisgameplan. B.Respecttheotherplayer.C.Don'tlettheotherplayersurprisehim. D.Don'tkeepthinkingabouthismistakes.17.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouthisbehaviourintournaments?A.Hetriestokeepcalmduringthegame. B.Hebrokehisracketoncewhenhewasangry.C.Hestaysawayfromplayerswhobehavebadly. D.Hefounditdifficulttodealwithonejudge'sdecisions.【答案】14.C15.A16.D17.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我对网球的兴趣的转变，从我参加第一次的输掉比赛，赛场上我对我的表现很困惑，到最终我在接受了教练的建议后，我取得好的成绩。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“SowhenIannouncedIwantedtobeatennischampionwhenIgrewup,Ijustintendedforthemtonoticeme.(所以当我宣布长大后想成为网球冠军时，我只是想让他们注意到我)”可知，作者说他将成为一名网球冠军，目的是想获得一些关注。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whenmycoachaskedwhathappenedinmyfinalmatch,Ididn'tknowwhattosay.Icouldn'tbelieveI'dlost.IthoughtIwasthebetterplayer.ButeverytimeIattacked,theotherplayerdefendedwell.Icouldn'texplaintheresult.(当我的教练问我最后一场比赛发生了什么，我不知道该说什么。我不敢相信我输了。我以为我是更好的选手。但是每次我进攻的时候，对方防守很好。我无法解释结果)”可知，作者对他在第一次重要比赛中的失败感到困惑。故选A。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“OncourtIhaveaplanbutsometimestheotherguywilldosomethingunexpectedsoI'llchangeit.IfIloseapoint,Idomybesttoforgetitandfindawaytowinthenextone.(在球场上我有个计划，但是有时候对方会做些意想不到的事情，所以我会改变计划。如果我输了一分，我会尽力忘记它，想办法赢下一分)”可知，当他在球场上的时候，作者试着不去想他的错误。故选D。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Ifeltangryandnearlybrokemyracket!Butmycoachhashelpedmedevelopwaystocontrolthosefeelings.(我很生气，差点摔坏球拍!但我的教练帮我找到了控制这种感觉的方法)”可知，作者在比赛中尽量保持冷静。故选A。CArtificialintelligence(AI)hasbeenincreasinglygoodatfoolingpeople.AseriesofphotosshowingformerUSpresidentDonaldTrumpbeingaggressivelyarrestedbypolicehavecaughtpeople’sattention.Theywerefakebutveryconvincing.CreatedbytheAIprogramMidjourney,thephotoswerehighlyrealistic,fromthecharacters’movementstothesurroundings.However,manydetailscangiveawaythefactthattheyaremadebyAI.TheWashingtonPost’stechnologywriterShiraOvidesharedhertips.Themainideaistospottheproblemsanythingthatwouldlookstrangeinaphoto.AIsoftwarehasahistoryofgeneratinghumanhandsincorrectly.Itsometimescancreatehandswithmorethanfivefingers.ThisisbecauseAIisn’tsurewhata“hand”exactlyis,accordingtoPopularScience.ThedataAIusestolearnoftenshowhandsandfingersinvariousgestures,whichcanbeveryconfusingforAI.AI-generatedimagesalsousuallycontaindetailsthatareagainstreality.Tospotthis,focusonitemslikeaccessories.Forexample,peopleinanimagemaybemissingearringsoronepartoftheirsunglasses.Ifthere’stextinanimage,suchasanewspaperorposter,it’susuallygarbled(篡改),eventhoughthetextmaylookrealisticfromadistance.AnotherthingAIisterribleathandlingisthebackground.Ifthere’sacrowdintheimage,people’sfacesinthebackgroundareusuallyblurry-ortheydon’thavefacesatall!ThedevelopmentofAI-generatedartalsoraisesalarmbellsabouthowthesefakeimagescouldbeusedtospreadmisinformation.“Ithinkmisinformationisgoingtohitanall-timehigh,”JamieCohen,adigitalcultureandAIexpertintheUS,toldNewYorkPost.GeneratinganAIartworkisto“createreality”,Cohenargued,addingthat,beingabletotellwhethertheworkisrealornotrequireshighmedialiteracy(素养)skills.“Theworldmaynotbereadyforhowrealistictheimageshavebecome,”ShaneKittelson,aUSresearcher,toldTheWashingtonPost.18.WhyareDonaldTrump’sphotosmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Todrawmorepeople’sattention.B.Tomakepeopleconvincedofthenews.C.ToshowtheAI-generatedimageswerefake.D.Toprovethatit’seasyforAItocheatpeople.19.WhydoesAIgeneratehumanhandsincorrectlyaccordingtothetext?A.Itisunabletorecognizehumanhands.B.Thedataitusestolearncontainerrors.C.Itdoesn’tfullyunderstandhumanhands.D.Ithasinsufficientdataabouthumanhands.20.WhichofthefollowingwillJamieCohenagreewith?A.AIartworksmaynotbereflectiveoftruecreativity.B.It’shightimetoaddresstherisksposedbyAIworks.C.AIartworkswillreplacetraditionalartformsinthefuture.D.Detectingrealartdemandsstrongmedialiteracycompetence.21.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Adiary.C.Aresearchpaper. D.Asciencefiction.【答案】18.D19.C20.D21.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了人工智能(AI)的负面影响，会生成与现实不符的虚假图像，传播错误信息。【18题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Artificialintelligence(AI)hasbeenincreasinglygoodatfoolingpeople.AseriesofphotosshowingformerUSpresidentDonaldTrumpbeingaggressivelyarrestedbypolicehavecaughtpeople’sattention.Theywerefakebutveryconvincing.(人工智能(AI)越来越擅长愚弄人们。近日，美国前总统唐纳德·特朗普被警方强行逮捕的一系列照片引起了人们的关注。它们是假的，但很有说服力。)”可知，第一段提到特朗普的照片，是为了证明人工智能很容易欺骗人们。故选D项。19题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“ThisisbecauseAIisn’tsurewhata“hand”exactlyis,accordingtoPopularScience.ThedataAIusestolearnoftenshowhandsandfingersinvariousgestures,whichcanbeveryconfusingforAI.(据《大众科学》报道，这是因为人工智能不确定“手”到底是什么。人工智能用来学习的数据经常会以各种手势显示手和手指，这可能会让人工智能感到非常困惑。)”可知，人工智能不能完全理解人类的手。故选C项。【20题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“‘Ithinkmisinformationisgoingtohitanall-timehigh,’JamieCohen,adigitalcultureandAIexpertintheUS,toldNewYorkPost.GeneratinganAIartworkisto‘createreality’,Cohenargued,addingthat,beingabletotellwhethertheworkisrealornotrequireshighmedialiteracy(素养)skills.(美国数字文化和人工智能专家JamieCohen在接受《纽约邮报》采访时表示：‘我认为错误信息将达到历史新高，’Cohen认为，生成人工智能艺术品就是‘创造现实’，并补充说，能够判断作品是否真实需要很高的媒体素养技能。)”可知，Cohen认为发现真正的艺术需要很强的媒介素养。故选D项。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“TheWashingtonPost’stechnologywriterShiraOvidesharedhertips.(《华盛顿邮报》的科技作家希拉·奥维德分享了她的建议。)”以及第三段中“ThisisbecauseAIisn’tsurewhata‘hand’exactlyis,accordingtoPopularScience.(据《大众科学》报道，这是因为人工智能不确定‘手’到底是什么。)”还有最后一段中“Ithinkmisinformationisgoingtohitanall-timehigh,JamieCohen,adigitalcultureandAIexpertintheUS,toldNewYorkPost.(美国数字文化和人工智能专家JamieCohen在接受《纽约邮报》采访时表示：‘我认为错误信息将达到历史新高。’)”可知，文章引用大量采访，结合例子阐释来人工智能(AI)的负面影响，符合新闻报道的特点。故选A项。DNotsleepingenoughorgettingabadnight’ssleepoverandovermakesithardtocontrolyourappetite.Andthatsetsyouupforallsortsofhealthproblems,includingobesity(肥胖),heartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.Thelinkbetweenpoorsleepandagreaterbodymassindex(BMI)hasbeenshowninstudyafterstudy,butresearcherstypicallyreliedonthememoriesoftheparticipantstorecordhowwelltheyslept.Sleepappsonfitnesstrackers,smartphonesandwatcheshavechangedallthat.Inanewstudyresearcherstrackedsleepqualityfor120,000peopleforuptotwoyears.Theresultsshowedsleepdurations(持续时间)andpatternsarehighlyvariablebetweenpeople.Despitethat,thestudyfoundpeoplewithBMIsof30orabove—whichisconsideredobesebytheUSCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention－hadslightlyshortersleepdurationsandmorevariablesleeppatterns.Itdidn’ttakemuchlesssleeptoseetheeffect.PeoplewithBMIsover30onlysleptabout15minuteslessthanthoselessweightypeople.Thereweresomelimitationstothestudy,naps(午睡)werenotincluded,otherhealthconditionscouldnotbefactoredin,andpeoplewhousewearabletrackingdevicesaretypicallyyounger,healthierandfromahighereconomicstatusthanthosewhodonotweartrackers.“ThesearequitepriceydevicesandtheyarenotapprovedbytheUSFoodandDrugAdministration.Theresultswouldneedtobevalidated(确认)bytheappropriateFDA-approveddevices,andbecausethestudyislikelyonyoungerpeoplewhoaremoreeconomicallywelloff,itneedsfurtherstudywhetherthatreallyappliestoolderfolkswithpoorsleep.”saidDasgupta,theassociateprogramdirector.However,Dasguptaadded,amajorplusforthestudyisthatitdidmonitorpeopleforovertwoyears,andtheresultscorroboratedpreviousresearchandwere“notsurprising.”Whilewecannotdeterminethedirectionofassociationfromourstudyresult,thesefindingsprovidefurthersupporttotheideathatsleeppatternsareassociatedwithweightmanagementandoverallhealth.22.Howdoesthenewstudydifferfrompreviousstudies?A.Itlaststhelongesttimeinhistory. B.Itusesappstorecordparticipants’sleep.C.Itspeciallyimprovesparticipants’sleepquality. D.Itreliedonparticipants’memorytorecorddata.23.WhatisDasgupta’sattitudetowardthenewfinding?A.Doubtful B.Shocked C.Cautious D.Dissatisfied24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“corroborated”probablymeaninParagraph8?A.limit B.correct C.confirm D.combine25.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SleepQualityVariesfromPersontoPersonB.SleepAppsAreWidelyUsedtoMonitorSleepC.YoungPeopleArePayingMoreAttentiontoObesityD.LackofSleepMayBePossiblyConnectedwithObesity【答案】22B23.C24.C25.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的科学研究通过为期两年使用睡眠应用程序对参与者的追踪调查结果表明睡眠不足会导致肥胖。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Sleepappsonfitnesstrackers,smartphonesandwatcheshavechangedallthat.Inanewstudyresearcherstrackedsleepqualityfor120,000peopleforuptotwoyears.(健身追踪器、智能手机和手表上的睡眠应用改变了这一切。在一项新的研究中，研究人员对12万人的睡眠质量进行了长达两年的跟踪调查)”可知，新研究的不同在于研究人员使用睡眠应用程序来进行记录。故选B。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段““Thesearequitepriceydevices,andtheyarenotapprovedbytheUSFoodandDrugAdministration.Theresultswouldneedtobevalidated(确认)bytheappropriateFDA-approveddevices,andbecausethestudyislikelyonyoungerpeoplewhoaremoreeconomicallywelloff,itneedsfurtherstudywhetherthatreallyappliestoolderfolkswithpoorsleep.”saidDasgupta,theassociateprogramdirector.(“这些都是相当昂贵的设备，而且它们没有得到美国食品和药物管理局的批准。研究结果需要得到FDA批准的适当设备的验证，而且由于这项研究可能是针对经济状况较好的年轻人，因此还需要进一步研究，这是否真的适用于睡眠质量差的老年人。项目副主任达斯古普塔说)”可知，达斯古普塔认为这次研究有一些局限性，因此是否符合老年人的情况还有待进一步观察。由此推知，他的态度是谨慎的。故选C。【24题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Thelinkbetweenpoorsleepandagreaterbodymassindex(BMI)hasbeenshowninstudyafterstudy,butresearcherstypicallyreliedonthememoriesoftheparticipantstorecordhowwelltheyslept.(一项又一项的研究表明，睡眠质量差和身体质量指数(BMI)较高之间存在联系，但研究人员通常依靠参与者的记忆来记录他们的睡眠质量)”可知，以前的研究已经证明了睡眠不足和体重之间存在着联系，再根据划线词后文“previousresearchandwere“notsurprising.””推断这次的研究结果和之前的研究结果是一致的，进一步证实了以前的研究结果。故划线词意思是“证实”。故选C。【25题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Theresultsshowedsleepdurations(持续时间)andpatternsarehighlyvariablebetweenpeople.Despitethat,thestudyfoundpeoplewithBMIsof30orabove—whichisconsideredobesebytheUSCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention－hadslightlyshortersleepdurationsandmorevariablesleeppatterns.(结果显示，人与人之间的睡眠持续时间和模式差异很大。尽管如此，研究发现，BMI指数在30或以上的人——美国疾病控制与预防中心认为这是肥胖——睡眠时间略短，睡眠模式更多变)”和最后一段“Whilewecannotdeterminethedirectionofassociationfromourstudyresult,thesefindingsprovidefurthersupporttotheideathatsleeppatternsareassociatedwithweightmanagementandoverallhealth.(虽然我们不能从我们的研究结果中确定关联的方向，但这些发现为睡眠模式与体重管理和整体健康相关的观点提供了进一步的支持)”可知，文章主要介绍新的研究再一次证实睡眠问题和肥胖以及其他疾病有关。故D项“睡眠不足可能与肥胖有关”最符合文章标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SoothetheSundayscariesMostofuslookforwardtotheweekendasatimetorelax,connectwithfriendsandfamily,anddealwithtasksfromato-dolistthatgetsneglectedduringtheworkweek.Butastheweekendcomestoanend,manyaremissingoutonSundayFundayandinsteadexperiencinganoverwhelmingsenseofanxietyandevendreadabouttheupcomingweek.___26___Somepeopledescribeitasaheavinesstheycanfeelintheirbody,whileothersfeelsounsettledthattheycouldjumpoutoftheirskin.EventhoughtheSundayscariesarecommon,theyaremanageable.Here’showexpertssayyoucaneaseyourend-of-weekendanxiety.StructureyourSunday.___27___Youmightstillgothroughthatsenseofdread,butthatfeelingishardertoholdontowhenyou’reengaginginsomethingthatmakesyoufeelgood.Don’tforgettorelax.Ifyou’refeelingmorestress,it’simportanttomakespaceforrelaxingactivitiestogroundyourself.Maybeamidafternoonshowerorbath,maybeanengagingmovieorshow,whateverfeelslikeahelpfuldistractiontoregroundfromthescaries.Identifyyouranxietysources.Trytofigureoutwhat’sreallycausingyoutodreadtheweek.___28___Evenifthere’snotasinglereasonbehindyourSundayanxiety,organizingthestressintosmallpartscanhelpmakeitallmoremanageable.___29___GettingridoftheSundayscariesisn’tjustaboutminimizingthegloomoftheweekahead.Havesomethingtolookforwardto.Thisgivesyoutheopportunitytoshiftyourthoughtstofunandwillhelpimproveyourmood.EndyourSundaywiththerightenergy.Sundaynightisaproperwind-downtime.Maybeyouwanttojournal,doafacemask,readafewpagesofagoodbook.DoyourbesttohonorthistimeandmakeSundaynightallaboutyou.___30___A.Isitadeadline,meetingorpresentation?B.Createsomeexcitementfortheweekahead.C.ExpertshavereferredtothisworryasSundayscaries.D.Sundayscariescomefromtirednessafterareallybusyweekend.E.Thenyoufeelempoweredandconfidentthatyou’llbereadyforthenextday.F.Insteadofsittingonthecouchandwatchingtheclock,gotodosomethingthatyouenjoy.G.Anxietyisanaturalresponsethathappensinpreparationforanythingthatcausespainordiscomfort.【答案】26.C27.F28.A29.B30.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几个缓解周末焦虑的方法。【26题详解】上文“Butastheweekendcomestoanend,manyaremissingoutonSundayFundayandinsteadexperiencinganoverwhelmingsenseofanxietyandevendreadabouttheupcomingweek.”（但随着周末的结束，许多人错过了周日的欢乐日，取而代之的是对即将到来的一周感到压倒性的焦虑甚至恐惧）陈述随着周末的结束，对即将到来的一周感到压倒性的焦虑。C项ExpertshavereferredtothisworryasSundayscaries.（专家称这种担忧为“周日恐慌”）符合语境，是对上文现象的定义。故选C项。【27题详解】下文“Youmightstillgothroughthatsenseofdread,butthatfeelingishardertoholdontowhenyou’reengaginginsomethingthatmakesyoufeelgood.”（你可能仍然会经历那种恐惧感，但是当你从事让你感觉良好的事情时，这种感觉很难坚持下去）陈述做一些让你感到良好的事情。F项Insteadofsittingonthecouchandwatchingtheclock,gotodosomethingthatyouenjoy.（与其坐在沙发上看时间，不如去做一些你喜欢的事情）符合语境，与下文承接自然。故选F项。【28题详解】根据上文“Trytofigureoutwhat’sreallycausingyoutodreadtheweek.”（试着找出真正让你害怕这一周的原因）可推知，空格处内容为相关的原因。A项Isitadeadline,meetingorpresentation?（是截止日期、会议还是报告？）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。【29题详解】由该题为段落小标题。该段下文“GettingridoftheSundayscariesisn’tjustaboutminimizingthegloomoftheweekahead.Havesomethingtolookforwardto.Thisgivesyoutheopportunitytoshiftyourthoughtstofunandwillhelpimproveyourmood.”（摆脱周日的恐惧不仅仅是将未来一周的阴霾最小化。有一些期待。这让你有机会把你的想法转移到有趣的事情上，并有助于改善你的情绪）陈述对接下来的一周保持一些期待。B项Createsomeexcitementfortheweekahead.（为接下来的一周创造一些刺激）可作为本段小标题，开启下文。故选B项。【30题详解】空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“DoyourbesttohonorthistimeandmakeSundaynightallaboutyou.”（尽你最大的努力来纪念这段时光，让周日晚上完完全全属于你）推知，空处陈述这样做的好处。E项Thenyoufeelempoweredandconfidentthatyou’llbereadyforthenextday.（然后你会觉得自己被赋予了力量，并且自信满满地为第二天做好了准备）符合语境。故选E项。四、完型填空(共15题，每小题1分，满分15分)Growingupinthe1960s,Iwastaughtfromanearlyagetosendahandwrittenthank-younoteexpressing____31____forkindness.Mymotherusedtobuymeaboxofpaperand____32____meintheartandvalueofsaying“thankyou”.She____33____toberight.Astudyshowedthatittookmostvolunteerslessthan5minutestowritethethank-younotes.Just5minutestomakeanotherpersonfeel“overjoyed”!____34____,inour“instant”world,theideaofgettinganactualpenandwritinganactualnoteseemstonevercometomind.Wetendtodowhatis____35____forus—aquicktextoranemail.It’seasytousethe____36____ofbeingbusy,butevenverybusyandsuccessfulbusinessmenfindtimeto____37____thank-younotes.Forexample,whenDougConantbecameCEOofCampbell’sSoup,thecompanyhad____38____halfofitsmarketvalueandmorale(士气)wasatanall-timelow.He____39____fixingthatbydoingsomesimplethingsthatareprobablynottaughtinanyMBAclass.Foronething,Conantwrotetoevery_____40_____.Hegainedtheirconfidenceand_____41_____,turnedthecompanyaround.InhistenyearsasCEO,Conantwroteover30,000notestoemployees.It’s_____42_____nottoaskhowhedidit._____43_____,hehadmanyotherthingstodo_____44_____writingathank-younote.Conantmadetimeforitbecauseheknewtheimpacteachonewouldhave.Anexpressionof_____45_____inthisfast-pacedworldstillmakesadifference.31.A.concern B.sympathy C.affection D.apprecia