2023届山东省威海市高三5月高考模拟考试（二模）英语含解析

2023年威海市高考模拟考试

英语试卷

本试卷共8页。满分120分。考试用时100分钟。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。

注意事项：

1.答卷前，务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号填写在答题卡上。

2.选择题，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用

橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。笔答题，用0.5亮米黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡

上。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

2023hasarrivedwithawealthoffilmsscheduledtobereleased.Herearethreeofthemthatyoumightbe

interestedin.

♦Spider-Man:AcrosstheSpider-Verse

Directedby:JoaquimDosSantos

Openingin:June2023

TheoriginalOscar-winninganimated（动画的）Spider-Man:IntotheSpider-versewasabighitwhenreleased

in2018,anditssequel,AcrosstheSpider-Verseisoneofthemosthoped-forfilmsof2023.Thefirsttrailerdidnot

providemuchinsightintothestoryofthemovie,butitdidrevealthedifferentSpidercharactersthatMileswillbe

comingintocontactwith.

♦Oppenheimer

Directedby:ChristopherNolan

Openingin:July2023

Oppenheimerisanewbiopic（传i己电影）onphysicistand"fatheroftheatomicbomb,,J.RobertOppenheimer.

Thedirectorclaimsthatitwasquitethechallengeindeedtoattempttosimulate（模拟）anuclearexplosionwithout

theuseofCGIanimationduringoneofthecrucialscenesfromthefilm.LikevirtuallyallofNolan'sfilms,this

IMAX-shotfilmshouldbeseenonthebiggestscreenavailable.

♦Dune:PartTwo

Directedby:DenisVilleneuve

Openingin:November2023

AfterthesuccessofDune:PartOne,Dune:PartTwohasbeenofficiallygreenlit.ExceptfortheStarWarsfilm

series,nootherworkhascontinuedtohaveabiggerinfluenceovertheworldofsciencefictionthanthisseries.

DirectorDenisVilleneuveclaimsthefilmwillcovertherestofthewriter5s1965masterpiece.

AsDenisVilleneuveoncesaid,"I'velivedwithDunefbrmostofmylife.Beingpatientispartofthejoumey.^^

Thatpatienceshouldpayoffwiththesecondpartofhissci-fiepic.

1.WhatchallengedthedirectormostduringfilmingOppenheimer?

A.Filmingintoughlandscapes.

BFindingtherightleadingactor.

C.Creatingrealisticspecialeffects.

D.ShootingbattlesceneswithIMAX.

2.WhattypeisthemovieDune:PartTwo?

A.Acartoon.B.Asci-fi.C.Abiopic.D.Athriller.

3.Whatinformationismentionedaboutallthemoviesabove?

A.Filmstudio.B.Mainplot.C.Runningtime.D.Releasetime.

【答案】l.C2.B3.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2023年三个人们可能感兴趣的电影。

[1题详解】

细节理解题。根据♦Oppenheimer部分中的“Thedirectorclaimsthatitwasquitethechallengeindeedto

attempttosimulate（模拟）anuclearexplosionwithouttheuseofCGIanimationduringoneofthecrucialscenes

fromthefilm.（导演声称，在电影中的一个关键场景中，如果不使用CGI动画来模拟核爆炸，确实是一个

相当大的挑战。）”可知，在制作Oppenheimer这部电影中，导演面临最大的挑战是制作逼真的特效。故

选C。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据♦Dune:PartTwo部分中的"Thatpatienceshouldpayoffwiththesecondpartofhissci-fi

epic.（这种耐心应该会在他的科幻史诗的第二部分得到回报。）”可知，Dune:PariTwo是科幻电影，故选

Bo

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据♦Spider-Man:AcrosstheSpider-Verse中的“Openingin:June2023（开幕日期：2023年

6月）"，♦Oppenheimer部分中的“Openingin:July2023（开幕日期：2023年7月）”和♦Dune:PartTwo

中的“Openingin:November2023（开幕日期：11月）”可知，文中这几部电影都提到了其发布日期，故选

Do

B

MassimoBottura,athree-Michelin-Starredchef,hasextendedhisculinary（烹饪的）empireglobally.However,

hesaysthatthepeakofallofhisachievementsisMilan'sRefettorioAmbrosianoandthefollowing12global

branches.

AtRefettorioAmbrosiano,dinnerguestsaregreetedbyname.Theydineonfinechinaattablescreatedbythe

country'smostsought-afterfurnituredesigners.Thewaitersarepolite,andthechefshavebeentrainedunderthe

finestrestaurateursintheworld.Thesetmenuchangeseveryday,dependingonwhatcomesinwiththemorning's

delivery.

Thismorning'sdeliverycontainsdryarugula（芝麻菜）,chickenclosetoitsseiI-bydateandtoo-ugly-to-be-sold

oranges.Bydinner,however,thesupermarketcastoffshavebeentransformedintoathree-coursemeal.The100or

sodiners—refugees,thehomeless,andtheunemployed——enjoythemealwithobviouspleasure,laughingwith

thevolunteerwaiters,praisingthevolunteerchefs,andforgetting,atleastforanhour,thechallengesofalifelived

onthestreets.

ThebrightestgemsinBottura'sculinaryempirearenotrestaurantsatall.Hethinksofthemasspacesthatshine

alightonthedignityoftheirguestswhilefocusingattentiononthefood-wasteproblembyturningfoodsthatwere

otherwisegoingtobeheadedtowardrubbishbinsintoMichelinGuide-worthymeals.

BoturafirstthoughtofRefettorioAmbrosianoasapop-upconceptforthe2015WorldExpoinMilan.The

organizershadinvitedhimtocookforthegrandopening.Botturaproposedsomethingdifferent.Hewantedtoinvite

theworld'sbestchefstocookwithhimfbrthecity'shomeless,usingleftovers.Thatideasoongotsupportedand

turnedintosomethingmorepermanent.

TodaytheRefettoriois“amovement,Botturasays."Itisamodelfbrfightingfoodwasteandisolationon

thefrontlines.Anditstartsbylookingatanoldcarrotorapieceofhardbreadandcatchingsightofgold.”

4.HowdotheRefettorioAmbrosianosdifferfromBottura'sotherrestaurants?

A.Thewaitersarewell-trained.

B.Thetablesarecustom-made.

C.Theyarethree-Michelin-starred.

D.Dailydeliverydecidesthesetmenu.

5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheeventatRefettorioAmbrosiano?

A.Aneveninggatheringforlocalchefs.B.Acharitysaleofsupermarketcastoffs

C.Awealthymealfortheless-fortunate.D.Avolunteertrainingforthehomeless

6.WhatdoesBotturathinkoftheRefettorio?

A.It'shisbestprofitablerestaurant.

B.It'sagoodprojectforfoodsafety.

C.It'sapop-upconcepttoextendhisbusiness.

D.It'swin-winfortheenvironmentandsociety.

7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.LessWaste,MoreTaste.B.ADinnerofDignity

C.BestRestaurant,BestService.D.ThePowerofFood

【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了米其林三星级厨师MassimoBottura创办了Refettorio

Ambrosian。餐厅，用超市里丢弃的食物为一些难民，无家可归者和失业者提供美味的大餐，这减少了食

物浪费。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thesetmenuchangeseveryday,dependingonwhatcomesinwiththemorning's

delivery.（套餐每天都在变化，这取决于早上送来的是什么。）”可知，RefettorioAmbrosianos餐厅与

Bottura的其他餐厅的不同之处在于套餐是由每天的送货来决定的。故选D。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中“The100orsodiners—refugees,thehomeless,andtheunemployed—enjoythe

mealwithobviouspleasure,laughingwiththevolunteerwaiters,praisingthevolunteerchefs,andforgetting,at

leastforanhour,thechallengesofalifelivedonthestreets.（大约100名用餐者，包括难民、无家可归者和失

业者，享受着这顿美餐，他们与志愿服务员一起大笑，称赞志愿者厨师，至少在一个小时内，他们忘记

了街头生活的挑战。）”可知，为不幸的人准备的丰盛大餐，能最好的描述在RefettorioAmbrosiano餐厅

发生的事，故选C。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后'一段"Today,theRefettoriois"amovement,"Botturasays.Ulltisamodelforfighting

foodwasteandisolationonthefrontlines.Anditstartsbylookingatanoldcarrotorapieceofhardbreadand

catchingsightofgold."（今天，Refettorio是一场"运动"，Bottura说。"这是在第一线与食品浪费和隔离

作斗争的一个模式。它开始于看着一根老胡萝卜或一块硬面包，然后看到金子。和上文提到的

Refettorio为难民、无家可归者和失业者提供大餐可推知，Refettorio对环境和社会都是双赢的。故选D。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中uHowever,hesaysthatthepeakofallofhisachievementsis

Milan'sRefettorioAmbrosianoandthefollowing12globalbranches4然而，他说他最大的成就是米兰的

RefettorioAmbrosiano和接下来的12个全球分支机构。）”,第三段uThismorning\deliverycontainsdry

arugula（芝麻菜）,chickenclosetoitssell-bydateandtoo-ugly-to-be-soldoranges.Bydinner,however,the

supermarketcastoffshavebeentransformedintoathree-coursemeal.The100orsodiners—refugees,the

homeless,andtheunemployed——enjoythemealwithobviouspleasure,laughingwiththevolunteerwaiters,

praisingthevolunteerchefs,andforgetting,atleastfbranhour,thechallengesofalifelivedonthestreets.（今天

早上送来的货包括接近保质期的干芝麻菜鸡和难看到不能卖的橙子。然而，到了晚餐时，超市里丢弃的

食物已经变成了三道菜的大餐。大约100名用餐者，包括难民、无家可归者和失业者，享受着这顿美

餐，他们与志愿服务员一起大笑，称赞志愿厨师，至少在一个小时内，他们忘记了街头生活的挑战。）”

和第四段中“Hethinksofthemasspacesthatshinealightonthedignityoftheirguestswhilefocusingattention

onthefood-wasteproblembyturningfoodsthatwereotherwisegoingtobeheadedtowardrubbishbinsinto

MichelinGuide-worthymeals.（他认为这是一个照亮客人尊严的空间，同时关注食物浪费问题，把本来要被

扔进垃圾桶的食物变成米其林指南中值得一吃的食物。）”可知，文章主要讲述了米其林三星级厨师

MassimoBottura创办了RefettorioAmbrosiano餐厅，用超市里丢弃的食物为一些难民，无家可归者和失业

者提供美味的大餐，这减少了食物浪费，A项“少浪费，更多美味。”适合做文章标题，故选A。

C

YoungandoldalikecanbecrazyaboutanewfindingbyresearchersatOhioStateUniversityandtheUniversity

ofChicago.Thereishopeforusallwhenitcomestocreativity,theysay.

Accordingtothestudy,whichfocusedonthe31mostnotableNobelPrizewinnersineconomics,therearetwo

typesofcreativitythatcanblossomatdifferentpointsinaperson'slife.Conceptualinnovatorstendtodotheirbest

workintheirmid-twenties,whileexperimentalinnovatorspeakintheirfifties.

Theyexplaininthepaperthatthereareconceptualthinkers,whoseektocommunicatespecificideasor

emotionsandhaveprecisegoalsfortheirworks,planningthemcarefullyinadvance,andcarryingthemout

systematically.PabloPicassoandAlbertEinsteinbothdidtheirgreatestworkinyouth.However,experimental

innovatorsbuildontheirknowledgeandaccepttheoriesthroughouttheircareersandultimatelyfindnewand

innovativewaystoanalyzethatknowledge.Thesethinkerstendtodotheirbestworklaterinlife.Thepapercites

VirginiaWoolfandCharlesDarwinaslatebloomers.

Thestudystates,"Manyscholarsbelievethatcreativityisonlyassociatedwithyouth.Two54-year-oldHarvard

scholarsweredeniedoffersoftenuredprofessorships（终身教授）duetoconcernsoftheso-calledproblemof

“extinctvolcanoes.^^

Theirfindingssuggestthatthiskindofbiased（有偏见的）thinkingleadstobaddecisions.Itignoresthefact

thattherearedifferenttypesofinnovatorsandthatdifferentproblemsdemanddifferentkindsofcontributionsand

solutions.Theyhopetheirworkwillgraduallyremovetheworld'sfavoritismfbrprecociousgeniuses（早熟的天才‘）

anditsignoranceofthecreativitythatcomeswithage.Weinberg,theco-authorofthestudy,said/Webelievewhat

wefoundinthisstudyisn'tlimitedtoeconomics,butcouldapplytocreativitymoregenerally.,,

8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlined“blossom”?

A.Fullydevelop.B.Suddenlychange.

C.Graduallyfade.D.Repeatedlyemerge.

9.Whatdeterminesaperson'smostcreativeperiodaccordingtothestudy?

A.Ageorcareer.B.Educationbackground.

C.Typeofthinking.D.Exposuretodiverseideas.

10.Whatdoesthewriterwanttostressinthelastparagraph?

A.Creativitybreedssuccess.

B.Creativityknowsnoagelimit.

C.Solutionsneeddiversecreativity.

D.Favoritismfbrgeniuseslimitscreativity.

11.What'sthewriter'sattitudetothenewfindings?

A.Doubtful.B.Objective.C.Positive.D.Critical.

【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了俄亥俄州立大学和芝加哥大学的研究人员发现，创造力没有

年龄限制，我们所有人都有希望有创造力。

【8题详解】

词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“Conceptualinnovatorstendtodotheirbestworkintheirmid-twenties,while

experimentalinnovatorspeakintheirfifties.（概念创新者往往在25岁左右做最好的工作，而实验创新者则在

50岁左右达到顶峰。）”和划线单词所在句子“therearetwotypesofcreativitythatcanblossomatdifferent

pointsinaperson'slife.（在一个人的一生中，有两种类型的创造力可以在不同的时刻blossom。）”可知，

概念创新者往往在25岁左右做最好的工作，而实验创新者则在50岁左右达到顶峰，这说明具有这两种

创造力的人在不同的时刻会做到最好，即得到充分发展，所以画线单词“blossom”与A项“充分发展”

意思一样，故选A。

【9题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段中“Theyexplaininthepaperthatthereareconceptualthinkers,whoseekto

communicatespecificideasoremotionsandhaveprecisegoalsfortheirworks,planningthemcarefullyin

advance,andcarryingthemoutsystematically.PabloPicassoandAlbertEinsteinbothdidtheirgreatestworkin

youth.（他们在论文中解释说，有一些概念思想家，他们试图传达具体的想法或情感，并为他们的工作有

明确的目标，事先仔细计划，并系统地执行它们。巴勃罗•毕加索和阿尔伯特•爱因斯坦都在青年时期

完成了他们最伟大的作品。）”可推知，根据这项研究，一个人最具创造力的时期是由思考方式来决定

的，故选C。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段中"Theyhopetheirworkwillgraduallyremovetheworld'sfavoritismfor

precociousgeniuses（早熟的天才）anditsignoranceofthecreativitythatcomeswithage.（他们希望他们的工作

将逐渐消除世界对早熟天才的偏爱以及对随着年龄增长而产生的创造力的无知。）”可知，作者想在最后

一段强调创造力没有年龄限制。故选B。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Theirfindingssuggestthatthiskindofbiased（有偏见的）thinkingleadstobad

decisions.Itignoresthefactthattherearedifferenttypesofinnovatorsandthatdifferentproblemsdemand

differentkindsofcontributionsandsolutions.（他们的发现表明，这种有偏见的想法会导致错误的决定。它忽

略了这样一个事实，即有不同类型的创新者，不同的问题需要不同类型的贡献和解决方案。）”可知，作

者认为这项新的研究既有有点也有缺点，由此可推知，作者对该项新研究的观点是客观的，故选B。

D

Network-basedtechnologieshavebecomeincreasinglywidespread,andtheyarenowbeingusedbycountless

individuals,professionals,andbusinessesworldwide.Despitetheiradvantages,mostnetwork-basedsystemsare

highlyatriskofmalicious（恶意的）attacks.

Theconsequencesofamaliciousattackonnetwork-basedsystemscanbeextremelyharmful.Forinstance,an

attackonapowerplantnetworkcouldleavemillionsofindividualsandofficeswithoutelectricity,whileattackson

socialmedianetworkscanleadtoexposureofuserinformation.

Toovercometheweaknessesofnetwork-basedsystems,computerscientistsworldwidehavebeentryingto

developadvancedintrusiondetectionsystems（IDSs）（入侵检测系统）thatcouldhelptoidentifymaliciousattacks,

increasinganetwork'ssafety.Inrecentyears,machinelearning（ML）algorithms（机器学习算法）havebeenfound

tobeparticularlypromisingforautomaticallydetectingattacksandintrusionsonanetwork'sfunctioning.

AnimportantstepinthedevelopmentandtrainingofML-basedIDSsistheselectionofdatafeaturesthata

modelcanrelyorfocusonwhenmakingpredictions.Ideallybyanalyzinglargedatasets,researchersshouldbe

abletoidentifythemostsuitablefeaturesforsolvingagiventaskusingMLtools,andthiscanalsobeappliedto

intrusiondetection.

ResearchersatCanadianUniversityDubaiintheUAEhaverecentlydevelopedanewfeatureselectionmethod

thatcouldenablethedevelopmentofmoreeffectiveML-basedIDSs.Thismethodwasfoundtoperformremarkably

wellwhencomparedwithothercommonlyemployedfeatureselectiontechniques.Usingthefeaturestheyidentified

asmostimportantforintrusiondetection,theresearcherscreatedahighlyefficientML-baseddetectionsystem.This

systemwasfoundtobecapableofdistinguishingbetweenDDoSattacksandharmlessnetworksignalswith99%

accuracy.

Inthefuture,thefeatureselectionmethoddevelopedbytheresearchersandtheirfindingscouldhelpthe

developmentofnew,highlyeffectiveIDSs.Inaddition,thesystemtheycreatedusingthefeaturestheyidentified

couldbeappliedinreal-worldsettingstodetectmaliciousattacksonrealnetworks.

12.Whatdoesparagraph1focusonaboutnetwork-basedtechnologies?

A.Theirtargetedusers.B.Theirpopularity.

C.Theirpotentialrisk.D.Theiradvantages.

13.HowcanIDSsincreasethesafetyofnetworks?

A.Bytrackingmaliciousattacks.

B.Bystartinganti-virusprograms.

C.Bysortingoutuserinformation.

D.Byrecognizingmaliciousattacks.

14.WhatisthekeytothedevelopmentofML-basedIDSs?

A.Solvinggiventasks.B.Selectingreliabledatafeatures.

C.Makingaccuratepredictions.D.Analyzinglargeenoughdatasets.

15.Whafsthepurposeofthetext?

A.TointroduceanewtechniqueforIDSs.

B.Topromotenetwork-basedtechnologies.

C.Toraisepeople'sawarenessofnetworksafety.

D.Todiscusswaystodealwithmaliciousattacks.

【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了IDSs（入侵检测系统）相关技术和发展。

【12题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句"Despitetheiradvantages,mostnetwork-basedsystemsarehighlyatriskof

malicious（恶意的）attacks.（尽管它们具有优势，但大多数基于网络的系统都很容易受到恶意攻击。）”可知，

本段主要想要指出系统都很容易受到恶意攻击，即具有潜在的风险。故选C项。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段第一句"Toovercometheweaknessesofnetwork-basedsystems,computerscientists

worldwidehavebeentryingtodevelopadvancedintrusiondetectionsystems（IDSs）（入侵检测系统）thatcould

helptoidentifymaliciousattacks,increasinganetwork'ssafety.（为了克服基于网络的系统的弱点，世界各地的

计算机科学家一直在努力开发先进的入侵检测系统（IDS）,该系统可以帮助识别恶意攻击，提高网络的安

全性。）”可知，该系统能够识别恶意攻击，提高安全性。故选D项。

【14题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段第一句"AnimportantstepinthedevelopmentandtrainingofML-basedIDSsisthe

selectionofdatafeaturesthatamodelcanrelyorfocusonwhenmakingpredictions.（开发和训|练基于ML的IDS

的一个重要步骤是选择模型在进行预测时可以依赖或关注的数据特征。）”可知，选择可依赖的数据特征是

该系统的重要核心步骤。故选B项。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段第一句"Toovercometheweaknessesofnetwork-basedsystems,computerscientists

worldwidehavebeentryingtodevelopadvancedintrusiondetectionsystems（IDSs）（入侵检测系统）thatcould

helptoidentifymaliciousattacks,increasinganetwork'ssafety.（为了克服基于网络的系统的弱点，世界各地的

计算机科学家一直在努力开发先进的入侵检测系统（IDS）,该系统可以帮助识别恶意攻击，提高网络的安

全性。）”可知，本文主要为了介绍IDSs（入侵检测系统）。故选A项。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Afuturewhereinsectsmakeupalargepartoftheworld'sdietisonthehorizon.Despitetheunpleasantnature

ofsuchcuisine,insectshavebeenconsideredadelicacyinsomepartsofworldforcenturies.Theirbeinglow-fat

andhigh-proteinmakesthemaperfectchoiceforreducinghunger.16

Animalproteinfromlivestock（家畜）,suchascows,chickenandpigs,takesup80percentoftheentireworld's

farmland,despiteonlymakinguplessthanone-fifthofcaloriesconsumedglobally.17Thusitwouldsupport

avarietyofbiodiversityasnatureintended.

Insectssuchasgrasshoppers,mealwormsandcricketsarepackedfullofproteinwithmuchhighervitamin

levelsthanporkorbeef.18Greenhousegasemissionsthroughthisprocessarealsoverylittle,withinsect

wastemakingexcellentfertilizer（肥料）foragriculturalsoil.

Itseemsthatinsectsareanidealsolutionformanyissuestheworldtodayisfacedwith.19Urbanareas

ofAsia,EuropeandNorthAmericaaremostlikelytoassociateinsectswithdirtinsteadofasatastymeal.

Timesarechanging.TheEuropeanUnionlastyeardeclaredthatmealwormsweresafeforhumanconsumption.

Cricketproteinpowderisalsoincreasinggreatlyinpopularity,withCanadarapidlybecomingthelargestmarketfor

theproduct.

20Asweexploreoursolarsystem,efficientmeansofproducinganimalbased-proteinswillbecome

vital.Nonearemoreefficientspace-wisethaninsects.Andthecoloniesofthefuturecouldwellfindthemselves

enjoyingfriedcricketswithapintofbeerwhilewatchingtheMartiansunset.

A.Theyalsohaveahostofenvironmentalbenefits.

B.Insectsreproducequicklyandhavehighgrowthrates.

C.Unlikeagriculture,insectsproducefarfewergreenhousegases.

D.Theyrequirelittlespace,waterandtechnologytoraisecomparedtolivestock.

E.However,makingthemadeliciouscuisinecanbeachallengeinseveralcultures.

F.Byfreeinguplivestockspace,hugeexpansesoflandcouldbereturnedtonature.

G.Afuturewhereinsectswillbecomeinvaluabletospaceexplorationisalsoupcoming.

【答案】16.A17.F18.D19.E20.G

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了用昆虫制作美味佳肴的好处。昆虫低脂肪和高蛋白使它们成

为减少饥饿的完美选择，而且用昆虫制作美味佳肴还能带来许多环境效益。

【16题详解】

上文uDespitetheunpleasantnatureofsuchcuisine,insectshavebeenconsideredadelicacyinsomepartsof

worldforcenturies.Theirbeinglow-fatandhigh-proteinmakesthemaperfectchoiceforreducinghunger.（尽管

这种烹饪方式令人不快，但几个世纪以来，昆虫一直被视为世界上某些地区的美味佳肴。它们的低脂肪

和高蛋白使它们成为减少饥饿的完美选择）”指出昆虫成为美味佳肴的原因，A项“它们还有许多环境效

益。”承接上文，继续描述昆虫成为美味佳肴的原因，故选A。

【17题详解】

上文“Animalproteinfromlivestock（家畜），suchascows,chickenandpigs,takesup80percentoftheentire

world'sfarmland,despiteonlymakinguplessthanone-fifthofcaloriesconsumedglobally.（来自牲畜,如牛、

鸡和猪的动物蛋白，占据了全世界80%的农田，尽管只占全球消耗卡路里的不到五分之一）”指出牲畜占

据了全世界80%的农田，F项“通过释放牲畜的空间，大片的土地可以回归自然。”承接上文，指出释放

这些空间，会有好处，故选F。

【18题详解】

上文“Insectssuchasgrasshoppers,mealwormsandcricketsarepackedfullofproteinwithmuchhighervitamin

levelsthanporkorbeef.（蝗虫、粉虫和蟋蟀等昆虫富含蛋白质，维生素含量比猪肉或牛肉高得多）”指出饲

养昆虫的好处，即昆虫富含蛋白质，维生素含量比猪肉或牛肉高得多，"Greenhousegasemissions

throughthisprocessarealsoverylittle,withinsectwastemakingexcellentfertilizer（肥料）foragricultural

soil.（通过这一过程的温室气体排放量也很少，昆虫废弃物可以作为农业土壤的优质肥料）”也是在讲饲养

昆虫的好处。由此可知，空处也应围绕饲养昆虫的好处来写，D项“与畜牧业相比，它们需要很少的空

间、水和技术来饲养。”承上启下，符合语境，故选D。

【19题详解】

上文"Itseemsthatinsectsareanidealsolutionformanyissuestheworldtodayisfacedwith.（昆虫似乎是当今

世界面临的许多问题的理想解决方案）”指出用昆虫制作美味佳肴能解决许多问题，下文“Urbanareasof

Asia,EuropeandNorthAmericaaremostlikelytoassociateinsectswithdirtinsteadofasatastymeal.（在亚洲、

欧洲和北美的城市地区，人们更倾向于将昆虫与泥土联系在一起，而不是将其作为美味的一餐）”指出有

些地区不用昆虫来做美味佳肴。由此可知，E项“然而，在不同的文化中，做出美味的菜肴是一个挑

战。”和上文是转折关系，且下文具体说明了E项内容，故选E。

[20题详解】

下文“Asweexploreoursolarsystem,efficientmeansofproducinganimalbased-proteinswillbecomevital.

Nonearemoreefficientspace-wisethaninsects.（随着我们探索太阳系，生产动物蛋白质的有效方法将变得

至关重要。在空间利用方面，没有什么比昆虫更有效率）”指出昆虫在太空探索方面发挥的作用。由此可

知I,G项“昆虫将成为太空探索无价之宝的未来也即将到来。”引起下文，符合语境，故选G。

第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选

项。

JimQuickgrewuponafarminOrchardHill,Georgia.Therehelearnedhow21beesaretothefoodwe

eat.Whenhewas11,hisgrandfatheraskedhimtostartabeehivetokeepthe22growingstrong.

"Forty-twoyearslater,andI'mstill23JOuicksaidinarecentinterview.Beforehisretirement,the

masterbeekeepertaughtentomology（thestudyofinsects）attheUniversityofGeorgiainAthens.

Quickisstilllearningaboutbeesonthefarmwherehegrewup.Butheisworried:Thebee24isin

danger.Nearly40%ofbeehivesintheUnitedStateswere25in2021alone.This26Quickandother

scientistsbecausebeesareessentialtofood27.Theypollinate（授粉）floweringcropsandplants,

28theproductionofseedsandfruits.

Thedecliningbeepopulationcanbe29byseveralfactors,includingparasites（寄生物）thatkillor

weakenthehives.Habitatloss,30andclimatechangearealsotoblame.Pesticidesgetintothenectar（花

蜜）ofplants,whichisessentialtoabee's31.Poisonoussubstancesinthenectarhannthebees'memory.

Scientistsaresearchingfor32tohelpthebeepopulation.ButQuickalreadyhasa（n）33/'Set

upabeehiveatschool,“hesaid,“andleammoreaboutpollinators.vKidsaren'ttooyoungto34Afterall,

justattheageof11Quick35hisfirstbeehive.<4Wecouldgrowmorebees,“hesaid,“ifwehadmorepeople

todoit.”

21.A.vitalB.friendlyC.addictedD.sensitive

22.A.beesB.bushesC.cropsD.roots

23.A.tryingB.workingC.learningD.teaching

24.A.growthB.migrationC.diversityD.population

25.A.lostB.movedC.collectedD.discovered

26.A.disappointsB.concernsC.shocksD.challenges

27.A.safetyB.storageC.flavorD.production

28.A.relyingonB.resultinginC.speedingupD.controllingover

29.A.causedB.identifiedC.worsenedD.limited

30.A.enemiesB.disastersC.diseasesD.chemicals

31.A.sizeB.lifeC.dietD.memory

32.A.cluesB.solutionsC.volunteersD.donations

33.A.jobB.ideaC.choiceD.schedule

34.A.helpB.rememberC.decideD.communicate

35.A.decoratedB.designedC.startedD.bought

【答案】2LA22.C23.C24.D25.A26.B27.D28.B29.A30.D

C32.B33.B34.A35.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了蜜蜂对我们的食物至关重要，但是蜜蜂种群正处于危险之中,

Quick和其他科学家正在寻找帮助蜜蜂繁殖的办法。

[21题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在那里，他了解到蜜蜂对我们食物的重要性。A.vital至关重要的；B.

friendly友好的；C.addicted沉迷的；D.sensitive敏感的。由下文“becausebeesareessentialtofood"可

知，蜜蜂对我们的食物至关重要，故选A。

【22题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他11岁的时候，他的祖父让他建一个蜂箱来维持庄稼的生长。A.bees蜂

蜜；B.bushes灌木丛；C.crops庄稼；D.roots根部。由上文“Therehelearnedhow_I_beesaretothefood

weeat."和下文abecausebeesareessentialtofoodM可知，蜜蜂对我们的食物至关重，由此可推断出，建

一个蜂箱