新教材英语选择性课时作业（一）Unit1GrowingupSectionⅠStartingoutUnderstandingideas

课时作业(一)Unit1SectionⅠStartingout&UnderstandingideasⅠ.阅读理解AInventor,physicist,astronomer,biologist,artist...RobertHookewasalltheseandmore.Somesayhewasthegreatestexperimentalscientistofthe17thcentury.Inthecourseofhiswork,hecooperatedwithfamousmenofsciencelikeIsaacNewton,andthegreatarchitectChristopherWren.Hooke'searlyeducationbeganathome,undertheguidanceofhisfather.HeenteredWestminsterSchoolandfromtherehewenttoOxford,wherehecameincontactwithsomeofthebestscientistsinEngland.Hookeimpressedthemwithhisskillsatdesigningexperimentsandinventinginstruments.In1662,hewasnamedCuratorofExperimentsatthenewlyformedRoyalSocietyofLondon—meaningthathewasresponsiblefordemonstrating(展示)newexperimentsatthesociety'sweeklymeetings.Hookeacceptedthejob,eventhoughheknewthatthesocietyhadnomoneytopayhim!Watchinglivingthingsthroughamicroscopewasoneofhisfavouritepastimes.Heinventedapoundmicroscopeforthispurpose.Onedaywhileobservingacork(软木塞)underamicroscope,hesawhoneyb­likestructures.Therewerecells—thesmallestunitsoflife.Infact,itwasHookewhoinventedtheterm“cell”asthebox­likecellsofthecorkremindedhimofthecellsofsomeplace.AnotherachievementofHooke'swashisbookMicrographia,whichintroducedtheenormouspotentialofthemicroscope.Itcontainsfascinatingdrawingsofthethingshesawunderthemicroscope.Thebookalsoincludes,amongotherthings,ideasongravity,lightandbustion(燃烧)thatmayhavehelpedscientistslikeNewtonwhentheyweredevelopingtheirowntheoriesonthesephenomena.Hookemadeavaluablecontributiontoastronomy,too.Acrater(坑)onthemoonisnamedafterhiminhonourofhisservicestothisbranchofscience.1．WhydidHookeacceptthejobasCuratorofExperiments?A．Hewasgoodatdesigningexperiments.B．Hisfamilyneededhissupport.C．HewantedtopleasethefamousscientistsinEngland.D．Hisparentscouldn'taffordhiseducation.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pastimes”inParagraph3mean?A．Jobs.B．Experiments.C．Hobbies.D．Structures.3．Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A．HookewenttoOxfordin1662.B．HookewaswellpaidintheRoyalSocietyofLondon.C．Hookemadeacontributiontomedicine.D．Hooke'sbookMicrographiamighthavehelpedNewton.4．Whatisthelastparagraphtoprove?A．Hookewasthegreatestexperimentalscientistofthe17thcentury.B．Hookewasgoodatmakingdiscoveries.C．Hooke'scontributionswerenotlimitedtoonefield.D．Hookewasoneofthegreatestastronomers.BParentsoftenputtheirownrelationshiponthebackburnertoconcentrateontheirchildren,butanewstudyshowsthatwhenspouses(配偶)loveeachother,theirchildrenstayinschoollongerandmarrylaterinlife.Researchabouthowtheaffectionbetweenparentsshapestheirchildren'slong­termlifeoutesisrarebecausethedatademandsarehigh.ThisstudyusesuniquedatafromfamiliesinNepaltoprovidenewevidence.Thestudy,co­authoredbyresearchersattheUniversityofMichiganandMcGillUniversityinQuebec,waspublishedinthejournalDemography.“Inthisstudy,weseethatparents'emotionalconnectiontoeachotheraffectschildgrowthsomuchthatitshapestheirchildren'sfuture，”saidco­authorandU­MInstituteforSocialResearchresearcherWilliamAxinn.“ThefactthatwefoundthesekindsofthingsinNepalmovesustostepclosertoevidencethatthesethingsareuniversal.”ThestudyusesdatafromtheChitwanValleyFamilyStudyinNepal.Thesurveywaslaunchedin1995,andcollectedinformationfrom151neighborhoodsintheWesternChitwanValleyTheresearchersthenfollowedthechildrenoftheseparentsfor12yearstodocumenttheireducationandmarital(婚姻的)behavior.Theyfoundthatthechildrenoftheparentswhoreportedtheylovedeachothereither“some”or“verymuch”stayedinschoollongerandmarriedlater.“Familyisn'tjustanotherinstitution.It'snotlikeaschool.Itisthisplacewherewealsohaveemotionsandfeelings，”saidleadauthorSarahBrauner­Otto,directoroftheCentreonPopulationDynamicsatMcGillUniversity.Theresearcherssaythattheirnextimportantquestionwillbetoidentifywhyparentalloveimpactschildreninthisway.5．Whyistheresearchrarelydoneabouttheinfluenceofparents'loveonchildren'slives?A．Becausefewscientistsshowpassion.B．Becausethedataaredemanding.C．Becauseevidenceishardtocollect.D．Becauseparentssometimesdon'ttellthetruth.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“universal”inthethirdParagraphmean?A．Reasonable.B．Scientific.C．Worldwide.D．Acceptable.7．WhatcanbelearnedaboutthestudyfromParagraph4?A．Itstartedinthe19thcentury.B．Itusedinformationfrom151westerncountries.C．Coupleswereinterviewedtogether.D．Couplesneededtomakeanassessmentoftheirclosenessdegree.8．WhichofthefollowingwillSarahBrauner­Ottoagreewith?A．Familyislikeaschool.B．Familyreallymatters.C．Homeisthebestplace.D．Allhappyfamiliesarealike.Ⅱ.完形填空ANewYorkwomanisearningplentyofpraiseonlineaftershewroteamessageofferingtohelpherelderlyneighbors.MaggieConnolly,wholivesinBrooklyn'sCarrollGardensneighborhood,__1__herhandwrittenletter__2__severalgrocerystoresinhermunitywereshortofsupplies,accordingtoFoxNewTheletter,whichis__3__to“elderlyneighborsandthosewithpoorhealth”，includesConnolly'semailaddressandanoffertohelpthose__4__people.Connolly'sneighborrepostedanimageoftheletter,afterwhichitwas__5__byseveralpopularonlineaccounts.Onepostevenearnednearly50,000__6__andhundredsofmentsfromuserswhocalledtheeffort“sweet”and“__7__”．Othersusedthemessageasasourceof__8__，sayingitservedasareminderastohowpeopleshould__9__duringemergencies.ConnollytoldFoxNewsshereceivedplentyofresponsestothe__10__，withpeopleofallagerangesaskingforhelp.She__11__thatshealsogotemailsfromotherpeoplewhowerefollowing__12__intheirownneighborhoods.“Manypeople__13__toothersnotonlyintheneighborhood,butalsoallovertheworld,sendingmepicturesoftheirsignsthatthey'remaking,whichIthinkissohuge，”shesaid.Connollysaidshe's__14__workingwitharound70volunteersinherownneighborhood—amunityshe'shopingtogrowbyworkingwiththeinstitutionInvisibleHands,whichoffersdelivery__15__tothoseinneedthroughoutNewYorkCityandJerseyCity.1．A.postedB．announcedC．deliveredD．posed2．A.beforeB．afterC．untilD．unless3．A.attachedB．appliedC．referredD．written4．A.luckyB．anxiousC．ambitiousD．needy5．A.witnessedB．copiedC．sharedD．designed6．A.likesB．thumbsC．flowersD．dollars7．A.puzzlingB．unhelpfulC．amazingD．boring8．A.explanationB．inspirationC．determinationD．satisfaction9．A.feelB．behaveC．surviveD．cook10．A.billB．noticeC．warningD．letter11．AplainedB．mentedC．addedD．predicted12．A.suitB．lawC．routesD．rules13．A.workoutB．reachoutC．turnoutD．makeout14．A.simplyB．possiblyC．instantlyD．currently15．A.aidB．loveC．machineD．medicine课时作业(一)Ⅰ.阅读理解A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了英国伟大的科学家、生物学家、细胞的发现者罗伯特·胡克的故事。1．答案与解析：A'推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Hookeimpressedthemwithhisskillsatdesigningexperimentsandinventinginstruments.In1662,hewasnamedCuratorofExperimentsatthenewlyformedRoyalSocietyofLondon—meaningthathewasresponsiblefordemonstrating(展示)newexperimentsatthesociety'sweeklymeetings.Hookeacceptedthejob,eventhoughheknewthatthesocietyhadnomoneytopayhim”可知，胡克接受实验馆长一职的原因是他擅长设计实验。故选A。2．答案与解析：C'词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“...meaningthathewasresponsiblefordemonstrating(展示)newexperimentsatthesociety'sweeklymeetings.Hookeacceptedthejob,eventhoughheknewthatthesocietyhadnomoneytopayhim！”和第三段第二句“Heinventedapoundmicroscopeforthispurpose”可推知，第三段第一句“Watchinglivingthingsthroughamicroscopewasoneofhisfavouritepastimes”的意思是“用显微镜观察生物是他最喜欢的爱好之一”，所以“pastimes”的意思是“爱好”。故选C。3．答案与解析：D'推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Thebookalsoincludes,amongotherthings,ideasongravity,lightandbustion(燃烧)thatmayhavehelpedscientistslikeNewtonwhentheyweredevelopingtheirowntheoriesonthesephenomena”可推知，胡克的《显微图谱》这本书可能对牛顿有过帮助。故选D。4．答案与解析：C'推理判断题。根据最后一段“Hookemadeavaluablecontributiontoastronomy,too.Acrater(坑)onthemoonisnamedafterhiminhonourofhisservicestothisbranchofscience”可知，胡克的贡献并不局限于一个领域。故选C。B【语篇解读】一项研究表明，父母之间的感情程度影响孩子的成长，父母感情好的孩子在校学习时间较长并且结婚晚。5．答案与解析：B'考查细节理解。由第二段中的“Researchabouthowtheaffectionbetweenparentsshapestheirchildren'slong­termlifeoutesisrarebecausethedatademandsarehigh”可知，这类研究因为数据要求较高而很少。6．答案与解析：C'考查词义猜测。由画线词所在句“ThefactthatwefoundthesekindsofthingsinNepalmovesustostepclosertoevidencethatthesethingsareuniversal”可知，研究人员在尼泊尔发现这些种类的情况的事实促使他们更接近这些情况是普遍存在的证据。故此处universal与worldwide同义，表示“全世界的，普遍的”。故选C。7．答案与解析：D'考查细节理解。根据文章第四段尤其是“andwereaskedtoassessthelevelofaffectiontheyhadfortheirpartner”可知，夫妇被要求对自己和对方之间的亲近程度作出评价。故D项符合文意。8．答案与解析：B'考查推理判断。由文章最后一段中的“Familyisn'tjustanotherinstitution.It'snotlikeaschool.Itisthisplacewherewealsohaveemotionsandfeelings”可推知，SarahBrauner­Otto认为家庭很重要，故选B。Ⅱ.完形填空【语篇解读】在社区食品杂货店供应紧缺时，MaggieConno