2024年中考英语语法专项功能意念

语法精讲：功能意念语法精讲：功能意念重难点重难点1.Apology道歉当我们需要表达歉意时，我们说I’msorry;如果表示“我真的很抱歉”，我们可以在sorry前用really或terribly修饰。作为应答，我们应该用That’sallright./Nevermind./Itdoesn’tmatter./Don’tworry.等表示“没关系”。I’vebrokenyourglass.I’msorryaboutthat.That’sallright.2.Congratulations祝贺我们总是用Congratulations!来表示恭喜别人，应答总是用Thanks.或Thankyou.当别人告诉我们诸如获胜的好消息时，我们可以用Welldone./Youdeservetowin./That’swonderfulnews.等来表示祝贺。1)Youwon2milliondollars.Congratulations!Thankyou.2)Iwonthefirstprize.Youdeservedtowin.3.Gratitude道谢向别人道谢可以说Thanks./Thankyou.要表达非常感谢，可以说Thankyouverymuch./Thankyouverymuchindeed./Thanksalot.表示“不用谢”的应答句有：Youarewele./It’sapleasure./Mypleasure./Notatall.等Thankyouverymuch.It’smypleasure.4.Impression印象我们可以用Whatdoyouthinkof…?或Howdoyoulike…?来询问对方对某事或某人的印象和看法。1)WhatdoyouthinkoftheGreatWall?It’smagnificent.2)HowdoyoulikethepeopleinShanghai?Theyareveryfriendly.5.Invitation邀请当邀请别人来参加你的生日宴会等活动时，可以用I’dliketoinviteyouto…来表示邀请。当邀请别人和你一起去做某件事时，可以用Wouldyouliketojoinus?或Wouldyouliketogowithme?接受对方邀请的应答是Thankyou.I’llbegladtoe.或Thanks.I’dlovetoe.如果表示拒绝对方的邀请，可以说I’dloveto,but…，这样比较婉转，再说声Thankyouallthesame.以示感谢。1)I’dliketoinviteyoutohavedinnerwithmyfamilytonight.Thankyou.I’llbegladtoe.2)Wearegoingtoseeafilm.Wouldyouliketojoinus?I’dloveto,butIhavealotofhomeworktodo.Thankyouallthesame.6.Offers提供主动提供帮助，我们可以说CanIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?/Letmehelpyou./AnythingIcandotohelp?其中，CanIhelpyou?和WhatcanIdoforyou?还可以是商店营业员、图书管理员等职员用来为顾客提供服务时所说的话。1)CanIhelpyou?Yes,I’dlikeacupacoffee.2)Letmehelpyou.No,thanks.Icanmanagebymyself.3)WhatcanIdoforyou?I’dliketobuyapairofshoes.向别人提供食物，我们可以说Wouldyoulike…?或Wouldyouliketohave…?请对方随便吃东西时，我们说Helpyourselfto…，注意其应答是Thanks。1)Wouldyoulikesometea?Yes,please.2)Wouldyouliketohavesomesteak?No,thanks.3)Helpyourselftosomefish.Thanks.主动提出帮助对方做某事时，我们可以用ShallI…?/Wouldyoulikemeto…?或Letme…要注意应答，即如何有礼貌地接受帮助或拒绝帮助。1)ShallIbookaticketforyou?Yes,please.That’sverykindofyou?2)Wouldyoulikemetogetapen?No,youneedn’t.Thankyouallthesame.7.Permission允许请求对方允许自己做某事时，我们常说May/CanI…?同意对方请求的应答是Yes,youmay/can.或OK./Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Allright.不同意对方的请求时，我们说No,youmaynot./I’mafraidyoucan’t./You’dbetternot.1)MayIborrowyourpen?Yes,ofcourse.2)CanIwatchTVnow?I’mafraidyoucan’t.Youhaven’tfinishedyourhomeworkyet.我们还可以用Wouldyoumindmy(doing)…?或WouldyoumindifI…?来询问对方是否介意自己做某事。表示不介意的应答是Notatall./Ofcoursenot./Certainlynot.Pleasegoahead.如果介意，不希望对方这么做，我们说I’mafraid…,并给个理由1)Wouldyoumindmysittinghere?Ofcoursenot.2)WouldyoumindifIsmokehere?You’dbetternot.8.Request请求请求对方帮忙，我们用Can/Could/Will/Wouldyouhelpme…?或Please…forme.答应帮助对方时，我们说OK./Sure./Ofcourse./Certainly./Allright./Noproblem.如果不能帮忙，我们说sorry，…并给个理由。1)Couldyouhelpmecarrythebox?Sure.2)Pleaseposttheletterformeonyourwaytoschool.Sorry,I’mnotgoingtoschooltoday.我们还可以用Wouldyoumind(doing)…?来询问对方是否介意做某事。Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?Notatall.我们用Can/MayI…?来表示请求对方同意自己做某事。1)MayIein?Yes,please.2)CanIjoinyou?Sure,youarewele.9.Suggestions建议向对方提出建议，我们可以用：Let’s…,shallwe?/Shallwe…?/What/Howabout(doing)…?/Whynot…?/Whydon’tyou/we…?/I’dsuggest…注意应答句的使用，即表示接受或婉拒别人的建议。1)Let’sgoforawalk,shallwe?Yes,let’sgo.2)Shallweleavenow?OK.3)HowabouttakingatriptoSuzhou?That’sagoodidea.4)Whatwouldyousuggestwedo?I’dsuggestwegotothebeach.5)Whydon’tyougotothemuseum?Idon’tfeellikeit.10.Willingness意愿表达意愿最常用的是Iwouldliketo或Iwouldloveto。WouldyouliketoworkattheSouthPoleinthefuture?Yes,I’dloveto.11.Worry担忧我们常用I’m(abit)worriedabout…来表达自己对某人或某事的担心。劝告别人不要担心，我们说Don’tworry.或Takeiteasy.等PracticePractice1.区分：Wouldyouliketodo…?/Wouldyoulikesb.todo…?例1：TimandIwillvisittheexhibitionthisweekend.Wouldyouliketojoinus?______.(2013)A)Welldone B)That’sright C)You’rewele D)I’dloveto例2：Wouldyoulikemetobringyouacupofcoffee?______.(2008)A)Yes,I’dliketo B)It’sapleasure C)Yes,please D)Itdoesn’tmatter例3：Wouldyouliketogocampingwithusthisweekend?______.ButI’mbusywithmyhomework.A)No,thanks B)Thankyou C)I’dliketo D)That’sagoodidea例4：Wouldyoulikemetobooktwoticketsforyouthisafternoon?______.That’sverykindofyou.A)Yes,please B)It’sapleasure C)Yes,I’dliketo D)Nevermind2.Nevermind含义是“没关系”例5：Wouldyoumindhelpingmetocollectsomeinformation?______.A)Nevermind. B)Takeiteasy. C)Ofcoursenot. D)You’rewele.例6：I’msorryI’vetakenyourbookbymistake.______A)That’sright. B)Nevermind. C)You’rewele. D)Ofcoursenot.HomeworkHomeworkMayIaskyouaquestion,Mr.Smith?______A.No,thanks. B.I’dloveto. C.Yes,pleasegoahead. D.No,youcan’t.CanItakeaseathere,sir?______.Myfriendwillbebacksoon.A.It’shardtosay B.Goahead C.Yes,please D.I’mafraidnot–Wouldyoulikemetodriveyouneartheworkplace?______A.I’llgotherebybus. B.Thanks,that’sverykindofyou.C.Ithinkit’sfartogettotheworkplace. D.Sorrytotroubleyou.Youdon'thavetoplaythatrecordsoloud,doyou?______.A.I'msorrytohearthat B.Don'tworry C.I'msorrytohavebotheredyou D.I'mbored. WhatwouldyousuggesttheGradeNinestudentsdointhelasttwomonths?I'dsuggesttheyworkhardandhaveagoodrest.______.A.Goodidea. B.Yes,Iagree. C.Welldone. D.It'shardtosay.Thankyousomuchforthepresentyousentme.______A.Pleasedon’tsayso. B.It’snotsogood,Ithink.C.No,thanks. D.I’mgladyoulikeit.WouldyoumindbookingmeawindowseatonthenextflighttoBeijingonline?______,I’msobusynow.I’lldoitlater.A.Notatall B.Allright C.Sorry D.Nevermind______Sorry.Sheisn’tathomenow.A.MayIspeaktoLinda? B.AreyouLinda? C.DoyouknowLinda? D.CanIhelpyou,Linda?IfeelsonervousabouttheEnglishSpeechpetitiontomorrow.______A.That’scool. B.Takeiteasy. C.Soundsgreat. D.Gladtohearthat.Iamafraidtheworkistoodifficultformetofinishbymyself.______A.Welldone! B.Don’tgiveitup! C.Haveagoodday! D.Goodidea!Wearetobevolunteersthisweekend.Willyoujoinus,Mary?______A.Notatall. B.Metoo. C.Sure.I’dloveto. D.That’sallright.Wearegoingtoholdanactivitytoraisesomemoneyforourclubthisweekend.______IwillhelpyouifIamavailable.A.Itdoesn’tmatter. B.Soundsgreat! C.Yes,please. D.You’rewele.Ourschooldancinggroupwonfirstprizeinthedancingpetitionlastweek.______A.Really?Areyoukidding? B.Goodluck!C.Congratulations! D.Iagreewithyou.Howaboutraisingsomemoneyforthepeopleinneed?______A.Nevermind. B.Notatall. C.Goodidea. D.That’sallright.CanyouteachmehowtouseiCloud?______A.Yes,ofcourse. B.No,thanks. C.Yes,please. D.No,youneedn’t.Wouldyoumindpassingmethesalt?______A.No,thanks. B.Don’tworry.Iwillhelpyou.C.Notatall.Hereyouare. D.Yes,please.Mycarwasbadlydamagedintheaccident.______A.It’sapleasure. B.Howterrible!C.Congratulations! D.That’sagoodidea!Takeaseatandmakeyourselfathomehereinourapartment.______A.Thesametoyou. B.Youarewele. C.Thankyou. D.I’dloveto.IamafraidTimisnotgoingtojoinyouthistime.______A.Whatapity! B.It’sverykindofyou!C.That’sright!