Unit3EnvironmentalProtection重要题型专练-高一英语学与练（人教选择性）

选择性必修第三册Unit3EnvironmentalProtection重要题型专练一、阅读选择ABikefriendlycitiesaroundtheworldCyclingiskindtotheenvironmentsoitisanexcellentwaytotakeinthecity.Hereare4bikefriendlycitiesadoptingthisgreenmodeoftransporttoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Malmö,SwedenCyclinginMalmöisenjoyableduetotherelaxedandeasygoingmannerofmostcyclists.Thecalmingatmospheremakesitagreatexperience,evenfornervousriders.AhighlyremendedbikerouteisfromRibersborgparktoLimhamnHarbour,whereriderscantakeafewgoodphotosofthefamousÖresundBridge.Beijing,ChinaInthe1970s,bicycleswerethemainmodeoftransportationforpeopleinBeijing.However,dedicated(专用的)cyclepathsforcyclistswerelimited.OnlyinMay2019,didthecitylaunchitsfirstachievementincyclingfacilityisworthashoutoutforacitywithover21millionpeople.Bogota,ColombiaBogotafirstintroducedtheconceptofcyclepathin1974.TheideaseescarsbeingbannedfromcityroadseverySundayfrom7a.m.to2p.m.,helpingcyclists,runnersandwalkersexercisesafely.Sincethen,thecityhasslowlybutsteadilyexpandedtheprogram,includingsettingupdedicatedcyclepaths.Asaresult,Bogotanowhas550kmofbikepathsandisthemostbikefriendlycityinLatinAmerica.Montréal,CanadaMontréalhasalreadyestablishedprotectedbikepathssincethe1980s.BIXIisthecity’sbikesharingsystemwith9,600bikesandalmost800stations.CyclistscanmaketheirvisittotheTourdeL’lleMontreal,ayearlybikeridewherecycliststaketothestreetsforadaywithoutanyothervehiclesbeingallowedontheroads.1．Whichcitywillattractcyclistsinterestedinphotography?A．Beijing. B．Malmö. C．Montréal. D．Bogota.2．WhatdoBeijingandBogotahaveinmon?A．Improvementincyclingfacility.B．Shiftinprimarymeansoftransportation.C．Regularinvestmentinbuildingbicyclepaths.D．Multiplespecificcyclepathsconnectingdistricts.3．WhatmakesMontréaldifferentfromothercities?A．Themostbikefriendlycity. B．Theoldestprotectedbikepaths.C．Anannualbicycleevent. D．Themostcalmingeffectoncyclists.【答案】1．B2．A3．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个采用绿色交通方式来减少温室气体排放的自行车友好型城市。1．细节理解题。根据Malmö,Sweden中的“AhighlyremendedbikerouteisfromRibersborgparktoLimhamnHarbour,whereriderscantakeafewgoodphotosofthefamousÖresundBridge.(强烈推荐从Ribersborg公园到Limhamn港的自行车路线，在那里骑车者可以给著名的Öresund大桥拍几张照片。)”可知，Malmö会吸引对摄影感兴趣的骑行者，故选B。2．细节理解题。根据Beijing,China中的“OnlyinMay2019,didthecitylaunchitsfirstachievementincyclingfacilityisworthashoutoutforacitywithover21millionpeople.(直到2019年5月，这座城市才在自行车设施方面取得了第一个成就，对于一个拥有2100多万人口的城市来说，这是值得称赞的。)”和根据Bogota,Colombia中的“Bogotafirstintroducedtheconceptofcyclepathin1974.TheideaseescarsbeingbannedfromcityroadseverySundayfrom7a.m.to2p.m.,helpingcyclists,runnersandwalkersexercisesafely.Sincethen,thecityhasslowlybutsteadilyexpandedtheprogram,includingsettingupdedicatedcyclepaths.(Bogota于1974年首次引入了自行车道的概念。根据这一想法，每周日早上7点到下午2点，城市道路上禁止汽车行驶，以帮助骑自行车、跑步和步行的人安全锻炼。从那时起，该市缓慢但稳步地扩大了这一计划，包括建立专用的自行车道。)”可知，北京和Bogota的共同点是都改善了单车设施。故选A。3．细节理解题。根据Montréal,Canada中的“CyclistscanmaketheirvisittotheTourdeL’lleMontreal,ayearlybikeridewherecycliststaketothestreetsforadaywithoutanyothervehiclesbeingallowedontheroads.(骑自行车的人可以去参加环蒙特利尔自行车赛，这是一年一度的自行车比赛，骑自行车的人在街上骑行一天，其他车辆都不允许上路。)”可知，让蒙特利尔不同于其他城市的是它有一年一度的自行车活动。故选C。BConservationorganizationPlantlifeisurgingpeopletoputawaytheirlawnmowers(除草机)foramonthandletwildflowersgrowinstead,aspartofitsNoMowMayproject.Leavingthegrassuncutwillcreateahabitatthatwillbenefitbeesandotherinsects,theorganizationsays.Plantlifesayslawnscouldbebiodiversityhotspotsifleftalone.Itsaysthosewhoparticipatedinitscampaignlastyearreportedthegrowthofmorethan250plantspeciesontheirlawns.Amongthesewerewildstrawberryandwildgarlic.Therewerealsosightingsofdecliningspecieslikegreenwingedorchids.OnegardenerwhohasbeenenjoyingamorerelaxedapproachisTomJennings,45,fromBuckinghamshire.Hesaysit’sachancetoreconnectwiththenaturalworld.“Thosefascinatedbyneatgardensusenotonlylawnmowersbutchemicals.”saysTom.Afterlettinghisbackgardengrowout,Tomwitnessedanexplosionofwildflowers—importantforpollinators(授粉者)suchasbees.Tomsayshe’sbeenshockedathowquicklyinsectshavereturnedtohisbackgarden:anencouragingsignalgiventheglobaldeclineofinsectpopulations.AccordingtoColetteWebb,42,wholivesinWestSussex,thereareaddedbenefitstolettingnaturegraduallytakeitscourseinthegarden.“Itsavesyouabitoftimeandargumentswiththehusbandaboutgettingthelawnmowerout—somethingmyhusbandhatesdoing,”shesays.“There’sapartofmethatthinksthegardenisreallymessy,butwhenyousitthereforsometimeadayandlookatwhat’sit’ssupporting,yourealizeit’sforthebenefitofnature.”Butnoteveryoneisonboardwiththeidea,saysDavid.Oneofhisneighboursispursuingtheirownrewildingprojectintheirowngarden—buttheotherisyettobeconvinced.“Andmymother,who’s81,stillsaysitlooksuntidy,”helaughs.4．WhatisthemajorgoalofPlantlife’sNoMowMayproject?A．Helpingpromotebiodiversity. B．Attractingmoregardenvisitors.C．Makingtheirgardenslookmorenatural. D．Savingpeople’stroubleofmowingtheirgardens.5．WhatdoweknowaboutTomJenningsfromthetext?A．Heiscrazyaboutneatgardens.B．Hehateshavingtocutthegrassregularly.C．Hebelievestheprojectisincreasingthenumberofinsects.D．Hebenefitedalotfromthedeclineofinsectsinhisgarden.6．WhataddedbenefitdidNoMowMayprojectbringtoColetteWebb?A．Shegetsonbetterwithherhusband. B．Herhusbandhasetoenjoygardening.C．Hergardenisnolongerasmessyasitusedtobe. D．Shehasformedthehabitofsittinginthegarden.7．Whichcanbeusedtoreplacetheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraph?A．Showsconcernabout. B．Makesresponseto. C．Agreeswith. D．esupwith.【答案】4．A5．C6．A7．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。英国一家名叫Plantlife的组织敦促人们把割草机收起来一个月，让自家花园里的花草自由生长，希望这样能更好地保护生物多样性。4．推理判断题。根据第二段“Leavingthegrassuncutwillcreateahabitatthatwillbenefitbeesandotherinsects,theorganizationsays.Plantlifesayslawnscouldbebiodiversityhotspotsifleftalone.(该组织表示，不修剪草地将创造一个有利于蜜蜂和其他昆虫的栖息地。Plantlife表示，如果放任不管，草坪可能成为生物多样性的热点。)”可知，这家名叫Plantlife的组织开展的“NoMowMayproject”活动的主要目的是更好地保护生物多样性。故选A。5．细节理解题。根据第四段“Tomsayshe’sbeenshockedathowquicklyinsectshavereturnedtohisbackgarden:anencouragingsignalgiventheglobaldeclineofinsectpopulations.(汤姆说，他对昆虫如此迅速地回到他的后花园感到震惊:考虑到全球昆虫数量的下降，这是一个令人鼓舞的信号)”可推知，汤姆认为这个项目增加了昆虫的数量。故选C。6．细节理解题。根据第五段““Itsavesyouabitoftimeandargumentswiththehusbandaboutgettingthelawnmowerout—somethingmyhusbandhatesdoing,”shesays.(她说：“这节省了你和丈夫为弄割草机而争吵的时间——我丈夫讨厌干这种事。”)”可知，参加Plantlife的组织开展的“NoMowMayproject”活动，让自家花园里的花草自由生长以后，ColetteWebb跟丈夫的争吵减少了。故选A。7．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Oneofhisneighboursispursuingtheirownrewildingprojectintheirowngarden—buttheotherisyettobeconvinced.“Andmymother,who’s81,stillsaysitlooksuntidy,”helaughs.(大卫说。他的一个邻居正在他们自己的花园里进行他们自己的野生动物重建项目，但另一个还没有被说服。他笑着说:“我81岁的母亲仍然说它看起来不整洁。)”可知，but表示转折，即这里说的是反对者的意见，不是每个人都同意这个想法。故划线短语意思是“同意”。故选C。CSincethebeginningofthesummerin2022,Chinahasbeenburninghotundertheworstheatwaveindecades.AnumberofpeopleinZhejiang,Henan,JiangsuandSichuanprovinceswerediagnosedwiththermoplegia(热射病),themostsevereformofheatstroke,andsomeevendiedofthisdisease.Inawarmingworld,therisksofheatwavesareincreasing.Accordingtoastudy,thenumberofdeathscausedbyheatwavesinChinahasincreasedrapidlysince1979,fromabout4000personsperyearinthe1980stonearly16000personsperyearinthe2010s.“Overthepastfourdecades,themaindriversofthelargeincreaseinheatwaverelateddeathsinChinaaretherapidincreaseinthefrequencyofheatwaves,followedbypopulationgrowth,populationaging,andrisingbaselinemortality(基线死亡率),”saidProf.HuangCunrui,aresearcherfromTsinghuaUniversity.Hightemperatureswouldacceleratethelossinsoilmoisture(水分)andhurtthegrowthofcorn,cotton,treesandfruits.What’smore,eachadditionaldegreeofwarmingwillincreasecroplossestoinsectsby1025percent,threateningfoodsecurityforbillionsofpeople.Chinahaswitnessedarangeofextremeweatherevents,includingheavyrainfall,flooding,tornadoesandrecordheatwavesthisyear.Expertssaythatwhileextremesummerheatisnotentirelynew,thesesortsofoccurrencescouldbesomethingthatbeesastandardpartoflife,requiringpeopletostartlearninghowtocopewithheatwavesthatmaycontinuefortherestofsummerandwellintothefuture.Rememberthatevenhealthy,youngathletescanbeharmedbyextremeheat,soeveryactivity,indoorsoroutdoors,shouldbeevaluatedwhenextremeheathits.Wearesupposedtostaysafeduringextremeheatevents,suchasdrinkingplentyofwater,lookingforshadeorremaininginshadewhenoutside,andavoidingcookinglargemealsthatcanaddheattoyourindoorenvironment.8．paredwiththe1980s,thedeathsfromheatwavesperyearinthe2010shasincreasedby_orso.A．twice B．threetimes C．fourtimes D．fivetimes9．WhatisthemaincauseoftheincreasingheatwaverelateddeathsinChina?A．Thelargeramountofoutdoorworkers.B．Theagingofthepopulation.C．Theriseinthenumberofthetotalpopulation.D．Theincreasingfrequencyofheatwaves.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“accelerate”inparagraph4probablymean?A．decline. B．regulate. C．quicken. D．advocate.11．Wherewouldyoubemostlikelytofindthispassage?A．Inasportsjournal. B．Inabrochure.C．Inanewspaper. D．Onaposterboard.【答案】8．B9．D10．C11．C【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了自2022年夏初以来，中国一直处于几十年来最严重的热浪之下，同时文章说明了热浪所造成的危害以及应对的措施。8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Accordingtoastudy,thenumberofdeathscausedbyheatwavesinChinahasincreasedrapidlysince1979,fromabout4000personsperyearinthe1980stonearly16000personsperyearinthe2010s.(根据一项研究，自1979年以来，中国因热浪造成的死亡人数迅速增加，从20世纪80年代的每年约4000人增加到2010年代的每年近16000人。)”可知，与20世纪80年代相比，2010年代每年死于热浪的人数增加的是“（160004000）÷4000=3倍”，故选B。9．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Overthepastfourdecades,themaindriversofthelargeincreaseinheatwaverelateddeathsinChinaaretherapidincreaseinthefrequencyofheatwaves.(过去40年里，中国与热浪相关的死亡人数大幅增加的主要驱动因素是热浪发生频率的迅速增加。)”可知，中国与热浪相关的死亡人数大幅增加的主要驱动因素是热浪发生频率的迅速增加。故选D。10．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Hightemperatures(高温)”和“thelossinsoilmoisture(土壤水分的流失)”可知，高温会加速土壤水分的流失，因此划线词accelerate的意思是“加速”，和quicken意思相近，故选C。11．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Sincethebeginningofthesummerin2022,Chinahasbeenburninghotundertheworstheatwaveindecades.AnumberofpeopleinZhejiang,Henan,JiangsuandSichuanprovinceswerediagnosedwiththermoplegia(热射病),themostsevereformofheatstroke,andsomeevendiedofthisdisease.(自2022年入夏以来，中国遭遇了几十年来最严重的热浪。浙江、河南、江苏和四川等省的一些人被诊断为热截瘫，这是最严重的中暑形式，有些人甚至死于这种疾病。)”可知，本文主要讲的是自2022年夏初以来，中国一直处于几十年来最严重的热浪之下，同时文章说明了热浪所造成的危害以及应对的措施，文章具有时效性，是新闻报道，因此最有可能在报纸上读到。故选C。DFindingaCaliforniacondorinthewildwouldbethemostunusualtreat.perhapsevenmoreunusualthanfindingawolfinYellowstoneNationalPark.Infact,thewolfwaswhatopenedmyeyestothefactthathumanscouldbringananimalbacktotheplacewhereithaddisappeared.In1987,therewereonly27Californiacondorsleft,noneofwhichwereinthewild,onlyincaptivebreedingprograms,Itwasthosebreedingprogramsthatcontributedtotheirpopulationrise,enoughthatby1991someofthemcouldbefreedintothewild.Still,thehopeofseeingaCaliforniacondor,whichremainsanendangeredspecies,isverylow,letalonegettingaphotoofone.Californiacondorpopulationdroppedmostlyduetohumanfactors,suchaspoachingandlivingareasdestructionthesearechallengesCaliforniacondorsstillfacetoday.Althoughthisisjustabird’seyeviewofthechallengesCaliforniacondorsfaceandtherearemanyothers,itispartofwhytheopportunitytoworkwiththeUSFishandWildlifeServiceteamandtheirpartnershelpingtheirrecoveryissospecialtomeasaphotographer.Iamnotonlyabletophotographthebirdsintheirwildlivingareas,butalsounderstandandrecordhowdifficulttheworkisofthosepeopleonthefrontlinesoftheprotection.Iamgratefulfortheworkoftheteam,andmyhopeisthatCaliforniacondorpopulationwillcontinuetoriseallowingfuturegenerationsanopportunityIneverhadwhenIfirstgotheretolooktotheskyandseeoneflyingaround.12．WhathelpedtheincreaseoftheCaliforniacondorpopulationin1987?A．Rulesforhunters. B．Captivebreedingprograms.C．Theimprovednaturalenvironment. D．Theenlargementofwildlivingareas.13．WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttakingphotosofaCaliforniacondorinthewild?A．Itisdifficult. B．Itiseasy. C．Itisboring. D．Itisdangerous.14．WhatdidtheauthordowhenworkingwiththeUSFishandWildlifeServiceteam?A．Heguidedwaysforthem. B．Hemaderecordsbyphotos.C．Hehelpedthebirdstorecover. D．Herebuiltthebirds’livingareas.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．NewWay,NewHope B．WolvesandCaliforniaCondorsC．APhotoofaCaliforniaCondor D．TheCaliforniaCondor’singBack【答案】12．B13．A14．B15．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了圈养繁殖项目促进了加州秃鹰数量的增加，而作者通过与美国鱼类和野生动物管理局合作，从事拍摄秃鹰的工作。12．细节理解题。根据第二段“In1987,therewereonly27Californiacondorsleft,noneofwhichwereinthewild,onlyincaptivebreedingprograms,Itwasthosebreedingprogramsthatcontributedtotheirpopulationrise,enoughthatby1991someofthemcouldbefreedintothewild.(1987年，只剩下27只加州秃鹰，没有一只是在野外的，只有圈养繁殖项目。正是这些繁殖项目促进了它们的数量增长，到1991年，其中一些秃鹰可以被释放到野外)”可知，圈养繁殖计划促成了1987年加州秃鹰数量的增加。故选B。13．细节理解题。根据第三段“Still,thehopeofseeingaCaliforniacondor,whichremainsanendangeredspecies,isverylow,letalonegettingaphotoofone.(尽管如此，看到加州秃鹰的希望非常渺茫，更不用说给它拍照了)”可知，作者认为在野外拍摄加州秃鹰很难。故选A。14．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Iamnotonlyabletophotographthebirdsintheirwildlivingareas,butalsounderstandandrecordhowdifficulttheworkisofthosepeopleonthefrontlinesoftheprotection.(我不仅能够拍摄野生栖息地的鸟类，还能够了解和记录那些在保护第一线的人的工作有多困难)”可知，作者通过照片做记录与美国鱼类和野生动物管理局团队合作。故选B。15．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Iamgratefulfortheworkoftheteam,andmyhopeisthatCaliforniacondorpopulationwillcontinuetoriseallowingfuturegenerationsanopportunityIneverhadwhenIfirstgotheretolooktotheskyandseeoneflyingaround.(我很感激这个团队的工作，我希望加州秃鹰的数量能继续增加，让后代有机会看到天空中飞来飞去，这是我刚到这里时从未有过的)”结合文章主要介绍了圈养繁殖项目促进了加州秃鹰数量的增加，而作者通过与美国鱼类和野生动物管理局合作，从事拍摄秃鹰的工作。可知，D选项“加州秃鹰回来了”最符合文章标题。故选D。二、七选五Lookingforawaytoconnectwithnaturebutyou'renotsurehowtowhenyouliveinthecity?Hereareafewwaystoliveinharmonywithnatureandreduceyourpressure.Goonawildlifewalk.There’slotsofurbanwildlifeforyoutodiscover,soyoucanreachouttoyourcityparkdepartmentstogetsomevaluableinformation.16.Awildlifewalkisoneoftheeasiestwaystoconnectwithnaturebecauseithelpsyoutorealizethatyou'resurrounded(围绕)bynature.17.Nothingwillmakeyoufeelascloselyconnectedwiththeearthaswalkingwithoutshoesongrassforacoupleofminutes.Thisverydirectconnectionwithnaturewillmakeyourealizethatyou'repartofthehugeworld,helpingyoutorelaxandfeelcalmer.Attractnatureyourself.Oneofthebestwaystoconnectwithnatureistomakeitetoyou.18.Youcanalsofillsometubs(盆)withflowerstoattractbutterflies.Createafriendlyplacefornatureandyou'resuretoattractallkindsofbeingspassingclosetoyourhome.Createasmallgarden.Plantsandflowersarepartofnatureaswellandeventhetiniestamountofspacecanbeturnedintoabeautifulgarden.Ifyou’vegotabalcony(阳台),fillitwithpotsfullofflowers.19.Imaginehowsatisfyingitwouldbetosharethemwithyourfriendsandfamily.Usethesetipsforconnectingwithnatureandlivingamorefortablelifestyleinabigcity.20.A．HaveawalkinaparkB．Takeoffyourshoesandwalkbarefoot(赤脚地)C．YoucangrowyourownvegetablesonitaswellD．Youcanputabirdfeeder(喂食器)onyourbalconyorbyyourwindowE．Meantime,thisisthebestmethodofimprovingyourhealthandwellbeingF．TheyoftenofferguidedwalkstohelpyouenjoythenaturalbeautyinyourcitiesG．It'sadifferentwayofexperiencingnaturehelpingyoutoenjoyitfromadifferentviewpoint【答案】16．F17．B18．D19．C20．E【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生活在城市里亲近大自然，与大自然和谐相处降低压力的几条建议。16．根据段落标题“Goonawildlifewalk(去野外散步)”可知，本段建议进行发现野生动物的散步，空前提到“youcanreachouttoyourcityparkdepartmentstogetsomevaluableinformation(你可以向你市公园部门获取一些有价值的信息)”说明你可以从市公园部门获取一些有效信息，F项“他们通常提供一些指导性的漫步，帮你享受你所在城市的自然之美”承接上文，符合题意。F项中的They指代上文中的“yourcityparkdepartments”。故选F项。17．空格处为段落标题。根据下文“Nothingwillmakeyoufeelascloselyconnectedwithearthaswalkingwithoutshoesongrassforacoupleofminutes.(没有什么比不穿鞋在草地上走几分钟更能让你感觉与地球紧密相连的了)”可知，本段建议在草地上不穿鞋子的行走，B项中的“walkbarefoot”符合，因此推断B项“脱下鞋，赤脚走路”为段落标题。故选B项。18．上文“Oneofthebestwaystoconnectwithnatureistomakeitetoyou.(与自然建立联系的最好方法之一就是让它来到你身边)”说明接近自然的最好的方法之一是让自然来到你身边，下文“Youcanalsofillsometubs(盆)withflowerstoattractbutterflies.(你也可以在一些盆里种满花来吸引蝴蝶)”建议了一种方式，用养花的盆来吸引蝴蝶，因此推断空格处应该也是选择一种方式来吸引某个事物，D项“你可以在阳台上或窗户上放一个喂鸟器”符合语境，用喂鸟器来吸引鸟类，也是一种大自然来到身边的方式，和用花盆来吸引蝴蝶并列。故选D项。19．上文“Ifyou’vegotabalcony(阳台),fillitwithpotsfullofflowers.(如果你有一个阳台，放满花盆)”意为种植一些花，又因下文的them可知，横线处应该代表种植某种植物，结合选项，C项“你也可以在它上面自己种蔬菜”符合语境，vegetable和flower相对应，故选C项。20．空格处是文章最后一句，根据上文“Usethesetipsforconnectingwithnatureandlivingamorefortablelifestyleinabigcity.(使用这些技巧与大自然联系，在大城市过上更舒适的生活方式)”可知，应该填写一句总结性的话，全文都在解释亲近自然的好处，所以应该首尾呼应，也应该填亲近自然的好处之类的选项，根据选项的意思，E项“同时，这是改善你的健康和健康的最佳方法”符合语境，“thebestmethod”指的是和自然和谐相处的方式，符合首尾呼应的原则，故选E项。三、完形填空Thereoncewasanordinarystreetinthesuburbswherenoonecaredmuchfortheirgardens.Thelawnswereovergrown,theweedsweretakingoverandthehedges(树篱)21neededtobecutback.Itlookedveryterrible.22whentheneighborssawtheirgardens,theyjustlookedateachotherandlaughed.Itseemedtoohardtoclearallthegardensandnoonecouldbe23tomakethembetterbecauseeveryone’sgardenwasequally24.Noonefeltitwasurgenttochangeanything.ThenagardenernamedBill25inthesmalltown.Billwasa26,hardworkingandpatientmanwhostartedworkinginthegardenassoonashemovedinthestreet.Hetookhislawnmower(割草机)outtocutbackthegrassandpulledoutallofthe27.Finally,hetookuphisgardeningandstarted28hishedges,makingthemlooklikeflowers,plants,stones,balls,etc.Itwasahugeprojectbuthishardwork29andhisgardenlookedinviting.30bythebeautifulscenery,theneighborswalkedbyandadmiredthe31manicured(修整的)garden.Beforelong,something32happened.Onebyone,theneighborsstartedtoputinmoreeffortintheirowngardensandthesoundsoflawnmowerscouldbeheardagain.Afterafewmonths,thestreetwastransformedfromadirty,33collectionofhousestoabeautifulstreetthatwouldn’tbeoutofplaceinastylishmagazine.Oneperson’sactionshowedeveryonewhatcouldbeachievedwithalittlehardwork.It’seasyforusto34theenvironmentaroundusbecausenooneelsecaresaboutit.Rememberwhatyoupositivelydonotonlybenefitsyourself,butalso35achangetothewholeworld.21．A．slightly B．desperately C．barely D．previously22．A．And B．So C．But D．For23．A．taken B．bothered C．cooperated D．devoted24．A．tidy B．delicate C．familiar D．awful25．A．handed B．stepped C．dominated D．settled26．A．proud B．distracted C．neat D．selfless27．A．weeds B．trees C．soil D．plants28．A．planting B．picking C．watering D．shaping29．A．tookover B．paidoff C．turneddown D．gaveaway30．A．Defeated B．Obsessed C．Enlarged D．Confused31．A．occasionally B．legally C．newly D．carelessly32．A．incredible B．unique C．horrible D．unmotivated33．A．intense B．unappealing C．recognised D．optional34．A．observe B．mind C．ignore D．pollute35．A．resultsin B．figuresout C．makesup D．takesin【答案】21．B22．C23．B24．D25．D26．C27．A28．D29．B30．B31．C32．A33．B34．C35．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了曾经一条街道上的花园被荒废了，草坪生长过剩，杂草丛生，树篱也急需修剪，但是人们却不愿意做出改变。一个叫Bill的园艺师搬来后，动手修整了自己的花园，被美丽的花园所感动，这里的人们开始做出改变，花园重新变得吸引人。原来，一个积极的小举动，不仅使自己受益，还会对世界产生影响。21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：草坪生长过剩，杂草丛生，树篱急需修剪。A.slightly稍微，轻微地；B.desperately拼命地，非常，极其；C.barely勉强才能，几乎不；D.previously以前地，先前地。根据前文“Thelawnswereovergrown,theweedsweretakingover(草坪生长过剩，杂草丛生)”可知，这个花园里的植物过于茂盛，由此推知，树篱应也是生长茂盛，需要修剪，用副词“desperately”表达“极其，非常”含义，可起到加强语气的作用。故选B项。22．考查连词词义辨析。句意：但当邻居们看到他们的花园时，他们只是看着对方笑了。A.And和，而且；B.So因此，所以；C.But但是；D.For因为。根据后文“whentheneighborssawtheirgardens,theyjustlookedateachotherandlaughed(当邻居们看到他们的花园时，他们只是面面相觑，笑了)”可知，尽管花园很糟糕，但是没有人真正在意。因此，这里应是表达转折。故选C项。23．考查动词词义辨析和形容词词义辨析。句意：清理所有的花园似乎太难了，没有人愿意让它们变得更好，因为每个人的花园都同样糟糕。A.taken带走，拿走；B.bothered费心的，烦恼的；C.cooperated合作；D.devoted奉献的，热爱的。根据前文“Itseemedtoohardtoclearallthegardens(清理所有的花园似乎太难了)”以及后文“becauseeveryone’sgardenwasequally…(因为每个人的花园都是一样的)”可知，要清理所有的花园是很难的，而每家的花园都是一样很糟糕，因此，没有人愿意费心去做这件事。“bebotheredtodo”，意为“费心做某事”，符合语境表达。故选B项。24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：清理所有的花园似乎太难了，没有人愿意让它们变得更好，因为每个人的花园都同样糟糕。A.tidy整洁的，有条理的；B.delicate精致的，熟练的；C.familiar熟练的，熟悉的；D.awful极讨厌的，糟糕的。根据前文“Thereoncewasanordinarystreetinthesuburbswherenoonecaredmuchfortheirgardens.(从前在郊区有一条普通的街道，那里没有人关心他们的花园。)”可知，这里的每家的花园都是很杂乱的，糟糕的。故选D项。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后一个叫Bill的园丁在小镇上定居下来。A.handed交，递，给；B.stepped迈步，行走；C.dominated支配，控制；D.settled解决，定居。根据后文“assoonashemovedinthestreet(他一搬到街上)”可知，Bill住进了这个小镇，“settlein”，意为“安定下来，安家”，符合语境。故选D项。26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Bill是一个爱整洁、勤奋、有耐心的人，他一搬到街上就开始在花园里工作。A.proud骄傲的，自豪的；B.distracted注意力分散的，心烦意乱的；C.neat爱整洁的，整齐的；D.selfless无私的。根据后文“whostartedworkinginthegardenassoonashemovedinthestreet(一搬到街上就开始在花园里干活的人)”可知，Bill开始整理花园，他是一个爱整洁的人。故选C项。27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他拿出割草机割草，把所有的杂草都拔了出来。A.weeds杂草，野草；B.trees树；C.soil土壤；D.plants植物。根据前文的动作“pulledout(拔出)”可推知，这里应是表达“拔野草”。故选A项。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他开始从事园艺工作，开始塑形树篱，使它们看起来像花、植物、石头、球等。A.planting种植；B.picking挑选，采摘；C.watering浇水；D.shaping决定……的形成，塑造。根据后文“makingthemlooklikeflowers,plants,stones,balls…(让它们看起来像花、植物、石头、球……)”可知，他给树篱进行了修剪造型。故选D项。29．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这是一个巨大的工程，但他的辛勤工作得到了回报，他的花园看起来很吸引人。A.tookover接管，接手；B.paidoff还清，得到好结果；C.turneddown调小音量，拒绝；D.gaveaway赠送，泄露。根据后文“hisgardenlookedinviting(他的花园看起来很吸引人)”可知，他的辛苦努力没有白费，得到了好的结果。故选B项。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：邻居们被美丽的景色迷住了，从旁边走过，欣赏着新修剪过的花园。A.Defeated击败，挫败；B.Obsessed使痴迷，使着迷；C.Enlarged扩大，增大；D.Confused使糊涂，使迷惑。根据前文“hisgardenlookedinviting(他的花园看起来很吸引人)”可知，他的花园很吸引人，邻居们也被吸引了。故选B项。31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：邻居们被美丽的景色迷住了，从旁边走过，欣赏着新修剪过的花园。A.occasionally偶然，偶尔；B.legally合法地；C.newly最近，新近；D.carelessly粗心地，马虎地。根据前文“____10____bythebeautifulscenery,theneighborswalkedby(被美丽的景色迷住了的邻居们走过)”可知，邻居们应该对这个新搬来的Bill新修剪的花园很欣赏和羡慕。故选C项。32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不久，不可思议的事情发生了。A.incredible不可思议的，难以置信的；B.unique独特的，独一无二的；C.horrible可怕的，恐怖的；D.unmotivated对（工作等）不感兴趣的，没有理由的。分析可知，与前文“Noonefeltitwasurgenttochangeanything.(没有人觉得改变什么是迫切的。)”提及没有人想要改变相比，这里“Onebyone,theneighborsstartedtoputinmoreeffortintheirowngardensandthesoundsoflawnmowerscouldbeheardagain.(邻居们一个接一个地开始在自己的花园里花更多的精力，割草机的声音又可以听到了。)”提到的大家开始修剪自己的花园是一件不可思议的事情。故选A项。33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，这条街从一个肮脏、没有吸引力的房屋聚集地变成了一条美丽的街道，在时尚杂志上也不会显得格格不入。A.intense很大的，强烈的，紧张的；B.unappealing不能打动人的，无吸引力的；C.recognised认可的；D.optional可选择的，选修的。根据前文“Itlookedveryterrible.(它看起来非常糟糕。)”可知，大家的花园之前很糟糕，无吸引力。故选B项。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们很容易忽视周围的环境，因为没有人关心它。A.observe观察，遵从，庆祝；B.mind介意；C.ignore忽略，不理睬；D.pollute污染。根据后文“becausenooneelsecaresaboutit(因为没人在乎它)”可知，因为不在意，不关心，环境就会很容易被忽视。故选C项。35．考查动词短语辨析。句意：记住，你积极做的事情不仅对你自己有益，也会导致改变整个世界。A.resultsin导致；B.figuresout想出，弄明白；C.makesup构成，编造，弥补；D.takesin吸收。根据后文“achangetothewholeworld(对整个世界的改变)”并结合文章内容可知，一些积极的行为还会给世界带来改变。故选A项。四、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Withmoreandmorescientistssayingwenolongerhaveaclimateproblembutaclimateemergency,thecallforallhandstobepart36thesolutionisbringingpeopleofall37(age)tobeready.LeslieWharton,spokespersonforEldersClimateAction(ECA),isinthemidstoforganizinga38(grow)numberof“oldhands”intoanationwidenetworkofpeoplewho,insteadofjusttalking,aregettingtogether39(close)andtakingaction.In2014,afterattendingoneofAlGore’sClimateRealitytrainingworkshops,PaulSeverance,amemberofEldersActionNetwork(EAN),startedECA,which40(hold)itsfirstinpersonconferenceinSeptember2015inWashington,D．C．,withotherclimateactivistgroups.“That’showIgot41(involve),”Whartonsays.“Iwastherein2015andIjustfeltsuchamunity,suchenergyandsupportandfocus,thatIwasjustoverwhelmed.Attheend,IwasgivenaformthataskedifIwouldbewillingtobe42volunteer.Isaidyes.”AlthoughmostECAmembersarein43(they)50sthrough80sandeven90s,someareasyoungas18.ECA’smissionistoreachouttoolderindividualsandletthemjoin,sotheycanusetheirexpertise,experienceandknowledge44(help)buildasustainablefuture.Thosethingscanprovidethesupport,encouragement,initiative45energytogetmoreandmorepeopleouttheredoingwhatevertheycando,rightwheretheyare.【答案】36．of37．ages38．growing39．closely40．held41．involved42．a43．their44．tohelp45．and【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了老年人气候行动组织（ECA）的成立、目标以及成员的积极参与，通过描述组织的发展和成员的个人经历，展示了老年人在应对气候变化问题上的积极态度和行动力。36．考查短语。句意：随着越来越多的科学家表示，我们面临的不再是气候问题，而是气候紧急情况，呼吁所有人都参与到解决方案中来，让所有年龄段的人都做好准备。短语：partof，意为“……的部分”，符合句意。故填of。37．考查名词的数。句意：随着越来越多的科学家表示，我们面临的不再是气候问题，而是气候紧急情况，呼吁所有人都参与到解决方案中来，让所有年龄段的人都做好准备。根据空前的“all”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填ages。38．考查形容词。句意：老年人气候行动组织(ECA)的发言人LeslieWharton正在将越来越多的“老手”组织成一个全国性的网络，这些人不再只是空谈，而是紧密地聚集在一起，采取行动。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰空后的名词“number”，用形容词“growing”，意为“越来越多的……”。故填growing。39．考查副词。句意：老年人气候行动组织(ECA)的发言人LeslieWharton正在将越来越多的“老