河南省郑州市长明中学2022年高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析

河南省郑州市长明中学2022年高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1._____formakingsomanymistakesintheexam,shewasinlowspirits. A.Havingblamed B.Toblame C.Blamed

D.Tobeblamed参考答案：2.TheroadbackhomemaybedifficultbeforetheSpringFestival,_______

thedesiretogettogetherwithfamilymemberscanneverbestopped.A.while

B.and

C.but

D.as参考答案：C略3.—I’mworriedaboutthecomingtest!

—______,youcandoit!A.Don’tmentionit

B.comeon

C.Welldone

D.Notlikely参考答案：BA.Don’tmentionit别提了；B.comeon得了，（鼓励）加油；C.Welldone做得好；D.Notlikely不见得。句意：我很担心即将到来的考试，加油呀，你能行。故选B。考点：考查日常交际用语。4.—Fivesharpinthemorning?—No,don’tringmeupthatearlyinthemorning.I______.A．sleep

B．amsleeping

C．willsleep

D．willbesleeping参考答案：D5.

---JerryandLucymustbothlikemovies.Ioftenmeetthematthecinema.---_______isLucy,notJerry,wholikesmovies.A.So

B.That

C.It

D.Such参考答案：C6.We

hereontimebutwewerecaughtinatrafficjam.

A.musthavearrived

B.couldhavearrivedC.needhavearrived

D.shouldhavearrived参考答案：B7.Interestisas

tolearningastheabilitytounderstand,evenmoreso.A.vital

B.available

C.specific

D.

similar参考答案：A8.Alackofmedicineandmedicalfacilitiespartlythewidespreadofthatdisease.A.headedfor B.accountedfor C.calledfor D.appealedfor参考答案：B考查动词短语。句意:药物和医疗设备的缺乏是导致这种疾病蔓延的部分原因。accountfor意为"是……的原因";headfor意为"向……前进";callfor意为"需要";appealfor意为"呼吁"。故选B项。9.Travelingisagoodwayto

differentculturesandbroadenthemind.A.expand

B.explore

C.expose D.export参考答案：B略10.Asasimpleandconvenientwaytoget

latestfashionsonline,onlineshoppingalsohas

majorproblem—youcan’tseewhethertheyfitornot.A.the;the

B.不填;the

C.the;a

D.不填;不填参考答案：C略11.23．Althoughhisexcusewasasgoodas——other,Idon'tbelievethatwasafact.

A．one

B．each

C．every

D．any参考答案：D略12.InMaldives,thewhitebeachesandblueseagivetourists_______chancetofeellike_____modern-dayRobisonCrusoe.

A.a;/

B.the;a

C.a;the

D.the;/参考答案：B略13.Asaresultof________isnowknowninphysicsandchemistry,scientistshavebeenabletomakeimportantdiscoveriesinbiologyandmedicine.A.what B.itC.which D.that参考答案：A【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：由于在物理学和化学上已知的知识的原因，科学家们已经能够在生物学和医药上取得重要发现。分析句子可知，________isnowknowninphysicsandchemistry为宾语从句，作of的宾语，分析从句，缺乏主语，故用连接代词，故选A。which表示在范围内的某一个，本句没有范围，故排除。【点睛】what引导名词性从句的用法。一、要掌握好what在句子中的语义。1.表示“……的人”，相当于thepersonthat…。如：Heisnotwhathewasafewyearsago.他不是几年前的他了。WhoisitthathasmadeFredwhatheisnow？是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这样一个人的？2.表示“……的地方”，相当于theplacethat…。如：ThisiswhattheycallSaltLakeCity.这就是他们称作盐湖城的地方。WhatisnowtheNorthSaharaDesertwasonceacivilizedworld.现在的撒哈拉沙漠的北部曾经是一个文明世界。3.表示“……的数目”，相当于theamount/numberthat…。如：Ourincomeisnowdoublewhatiswastenyearsago.我们现在的收入是十年前的两倍。4.表示“……的时间”，相当于aperiodoftimethat。如：Afterwhatseemedtobealongtimehecometolife.经过了似乎很长一段时间后，他才恢复了活力。5.what的这种特殊含义可以根据句子的意思在翻译时灵活处理，不可千篇一律。例如：Thecolor1oftheflowerisdifferentfromwhatitwasinthemorning.那朵花的颜色与早晨的不同。（what=thecolor1that）二、要掌握好what引导名词性从句的类型。1.宾语从句（用作动词或介词的宾词）。例如：Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlywhathewants.求职面试时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确实想要的东西。2.主语从句。例如：Whathesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.他在会上说的话令每个与会者震惊。3.表语从句。例如：Perseveranceisakindofqualityandthat’swhatittakestodoanythingwell.坚定不移是一种品质——能使人做好任何事情。Airistouswhatwateristofish.空气对于我们就像水对于鱼一样（重要）。4.同位语从句（用在idea,message等名词后）。例如：Ihavenoideawhatweshoulddonext.我不知道下一步我们该干什么。三、要掌握好what引导的名词性从句的语序问题。What引导的名词性从句不同于what引导的特殊疑问句，不可用疑问句语序而应用陈述语序。例如：Thesephotographswillshowyouwhatourvillagelookslike.这些照片会向你展示我们的村庄是什么样的。14.Whenhecameintothedinninghall,nobodysaidhellotohim.Sohefelt______.

Whichofthefollowingiswrong?

A.upset

B.ignored

C.calm

D.unhappy参考答案：C15.—Sinceyoucan'tfindabetterjob,whydon'tyousticktothepresentone?

—Well,_____.A.Ibelievenot

B.Idon'tcareC.Nevermind

D.Imightaswell参考答案：D

mightaswell此处表“将就”做某事。略16.Withtheirreputation______inthemilkpowderincident,thefoodcompaniesneed______theirimage.A.ruining,improving

B.ruined,toimproveC.toruin,tobeimproved

D.toberuined,beingimproved参考答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词。第一空是独立主格结构，动词与前面的名词是动宾关系，用过去分词，表示在奶粉事件中这些公司“名声扫地”，第二空用sbneedtodosth结构表示某人需要做某事，而不是sthneeddoing/tobedone。17.Nowadaysworkingwomenbearalotmorepressure________themfromfamiliesandcareers.A.puton

B.putdown

C.putaside

D.putaway参考答案：A考查动词短语辨析。这里表示家庭和自己的事业给她们的压力，用putsthonsb.。二、新的题型18.USCityBansTextingwhileWalkingParentsusuallyteachtheirchildrenhowtocrossthestreetsafely,bylookingbothwaysforcars.Butdotheyalsoteachthemtoputawaytheircellphones?ThecityofHonolulu,Hawaiiwantseveryonetolearnthatlesson.___16___BeginningonOctober24,youcouldbefinedfrom$15to$99ifyoustepintoaHonolulustreetwhilelookingatyourphone.HonoluluisthefirstmajorU.S.citytobanwhatiscalled"distracted(分散注意)walking."Itrecentlypassedalawinaseventotwovote.Thelawsays;“Nopedestrianshallcrossastreetorhighwaywhileviewingamobileelectronicdevice."___17___Thelaw'screatorshopeitwilllowerthenumberofpeoplehitandkilledbycarsinthecity.MayorKirkCaldwelltoldReutersnewsagency,"Weholdtheunfortunatedistinction(区别)ofbeingamajorcitywithmorepedestriansbeinghitincrosswalks,particularlyourelders,thanalmostanyothercityinthecountry."Thelawincludesallelectronicdeviceswithscreens:cellphones,tables,gamingdevices,digitalcamerasandlaptopcomputers.___18___Pedestriansmayusesuchdevicesinthestreettocallemergencyservicesandrescueworkers,suchasfirefightersandpoliceofficers.___19___TheGovernorsHighwaySafetyAssociation,orGHSA,sayspedestriandeathsintheUnitedStatesincrease25percentbetween2010and2015.Thattrendcontinuedin2016withthenumberofpedestriandeathsrisingtoalmost6000,11%higherthanin2015.Ifyoustillwanttotextwhilewalking,youcouldavoidbeingfinedinHonolulu(andbesafer,ingeneral)byusingavoice-controlleddigital(数字的)assistantsuchasSiriorGoogleAssistant.___20___A.Thelawdoespermitanexception.B.Oryoucouldjustwaituntilyouareagain,safely,offthestreet.C.Youwillbesentencedtoprisonwhileusingcellphonesinthestreet.D.Pedestriandeathshavebeenincreasingastheuseofcellphonesrises.E.Textingwhilecrossingthestreetwillsoonbebannedinthecity.F.ThelawpermitspeopletowatchTVwhilecrossingthestreet.G.Inotherwords,donotlookatascreenwhenyoucrossthestreetoryoucouldbefined.参考答案：16.E

17.G

18.A

19.D

20.B随着手机使用量的增加，行人死亡人数不断增加。为了减少事故，美国城市颁布了禁止走路时玩手机的法律。16.E考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本文主要讲美国城市禁止走路时玩手机，下句BeginningonOctober24,youcouldbefinedfrom$15to$99是规定的具体实施情况，E项：过马路时发短信很快就会被禁止，与上下句衔接，故选E.17.G18.A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上句讲这些在街上不允许使用发信息的设备包括哪些，下句讲但是可以用这些设备呼叫紧急服务，A项：法律允许例外。承上启下连接前后，故选A.19.D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段主要讲述美国行人死亡率持续上涨情况，D项：随着手机使用量的增加，行人死亡人数也在不断增加。说明了这一情况及其原因，故选D.20.B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本段讲如果走路时想用手机，为了避免被罚款可以使用声控设备。B项：或者你可以一直等到安全的离开街道，与上句并列，是另外一种解决办法。故选B.三、阅读理解19.HomestayprovidesEnglishlanguagestudentswiththeopportunitytospeakEnglishoutsidetheclassroomandtheexperienceofbeingpartofaBritishhome.WhattoExpectThehostwillprovideaccommodationandmeals.Roomswillbecleanedandbedcoverschangedatleastonceaweek.Youwillbegiventhehousekeyandthehostistheretoofferhelpandadviceaswellastotakeaninterestinyourphysicalandmentalhealth.AccommodationZonesHomestaysarelocatedinLondonmainlyinZones2,3andofthetransportsystem.MosthostsdonotliveinthetowncentreasmuchofcentralLondoniscommercialandnotresidential(居住的).Zones3and4oftenofferlargeraccommodationinalesscrowdedarea.ItisveryconvenienttotravelinLondonbyunderground.MealPlansAvailable?ContinentalBreakfast?BreakfastandDinner?Breakfast,PackedLunchandDinnerIt’simportanttonotethatfewEnglishfamiliesstillprovideatraditionalcookedbreakfast.YouraccommodationincludesContinentalBreakfastwhichnormallyconsistsoffruitjuice,cereal（谷物类食品），breadandteaorcoffee.Cheese,fruitandcoldmeatarenotnormallypartofaContinentalBreakfastinEngland.Dinnersusuallyconsistofmeatorfishwithvegetablesfollowedbydessert,fruitandcoffee.FriendsIfyouwishtoinviteafriendovertovisit,youmustfirstaskyourhost’spermission.Youhavenorighttoentertainfriendsinafamilyhomeassomefamiliesfeelitisaninvasionoftheirprivacy.Self-CateringAccommodationinPrivateHomesAccommodationonaroom-onlybasisincludessharedkitchenandbathroomfacilitiesandoftenamainlivingroom.Thiskindofaccommodationoffersanindependentlifestyleandismoresuitableforthelong-staystudent.However,itdoesnotprovidethesamefamilyatmosphereasanordinaryhomestayand