北京市朝阳区六校高三四月联考英语（B卷）试题

四月份测试题（B卷）高三年级英语试卷2020.4(考试时间120分钟满分150分)本试卷共11页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ATimBeckerandhisneighborsaredoingsomething1(make)theirneighborhoodatroublefreearea.Tim2(belong)toaneighborhoodwatchgroupinStoneville,Indiana,USA.TheneighborhoodwatchgroupmeetsonthethirdWednesdayofeverymonth.That’swhenTimgetstogetherwithabouttenofhisneighborstodiscussmunitysafety.Membersoftheneighborhoodwatchgroupwanttohelpthepolicekeeptheirhomes,streets,and3BTheanimals4(keep)togetherinsmallspaces,withnoprivacyandlittleopportunity5mentalandphysicalexercise.Thisresultsinunusualandselfdestructivebehavior6(call)zoochosis.Aworldwidestudyofzoosfoundthatzoochosisismonamonganimalskeptinsmallspacesorcages.Anotherstudyshowedthatelephantsspend22percentoftheirtimemakingrepeatedheadmovementsorbitingcagebars,andbearsspend30percentoftheirtime7(walk)backandforth,asignofunhappinessandpain.C“Poorbuthonest.”“Thedeservingpoor.”Thesewordsalwaysetomymind8Ithinkof“thepoor”.ButIalsothinkofpeople9,perhapsthroughalcoholordrugs，haveruinednotonlytheirownlivesbutalsothelivesofothersinordertogivewaytotheirownpleasure.Perhapsalcoholismanddrugaddictionreallyare“diseases”,asmanypeoplesay,butmyownfeelingbased,ofcourse,notonanyseriousstudy,isthatmostalcoholicsanddrugaddictsbelongtothe“undeservingpoor”.Andthatislargely10Idon’tgivesparechangetobeggars.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Myjobwastomakeclassroomobservationsandencourageatrainingprogramthatwouldenablestudentstofeelgoodaboutthemselvesandtakechargeoftheirlives.Donnawasoneofthevolunteerteacherswhoparticipatedinthis11.Oneday,IenteredDonna’sclassroom,tookaseatinthebackoftheroomand12.Allthestudentswereworkingona13.Thestudentnexttomewasfillingherpagewith“ICan’ts.”“Ican’tkickthesoccerball.”“Ican’tgetDebbietolikeme.”Herpagewashalffullandsheshowedno14ofstopping.Iwalkeddowntherowandfoundeveryonewaswritingsentences,15thingstheycouldn’tdo. Bythistimetheactivityarousedmy16,soIdecidedtocheckwiththeteachertoseewhatwasgoingonbutInoticedshetoowas17inwriting.“Ican’tgetJohn’smothertoeforaparents’meeting.”……Ifeltitbestnotto1 Afteranothertenminutes,thestudentswere19tofoldthepapersinhalfandbringthemtothefront.Theyplacedtheir“ICan’t”statementsintoanemptyshoebox.ThenDonna20hers.Sheputthelidonthebox,tucked(塞进)itunderherarmandheadedoutthedoor.

Studentsfollowedtheteacher.Ifollowedthestudents.HalfwaydownthehallwayDonnagotashovel(铁铲)fromthetoolhouse,andthenmarchedthestudentstothefarthestcorneroftheplayground.Theretheybeganto21.Theboxof“ICan’ts”wasplacedatthe22oftheholeandthenquicklycoveredwithdirt.AtthispointDonnaannounced,“Boysandgirls,pleasejoinhandsand23yourheads.”Theyquicklyformedacirclearoundthegrave(墓地).

Donnadeliveredtheeulogy(悼词).“Friends,wegatheredheretodayto24thememoryof‘ICan’t.’Heis25byhisbrothersandsisters‘ICan’and‘IWill’.May‘ICan’t’restin26.”

Sheturnedthestudents27andmarchedthembackintotheclassroom.Theycelebratedthe28of“ICan’t”.Donnacutalargetombstone(墓碑)frompaper.Shewrotethewords“ICan’t”atthetopandthedateatthebottom,thenhungitintheclassroom.Onthoserareoccasionswhenastudent29andsaid,“ICan’t,”Donna30pointedtothepapertombstone.Thestudentthenrememberedthat“ICan’t”wasdeadandchoseotherstatement.11.A.job B.project C.observation D.course12.A.checked B.watched C.noticed D.waited13.A.task B.puter C.problem D.farm14.A.scenes B.senses C.marks D.signs15.A.discussing B.doing C.describing D.drawing16.A.curiosity B.suspect C.sympathy D.worry17.A.trapped B.strict C.busy D.successful18.A.insert B.interrupt C.talk D.request19.A.taught B.shown C.forced D.instructed20.A.added B.wrote C.made D.folded21.A.cry B.pray C.dig D.play22.A.back B.bottom C.top D.edge23.A.drop B.raise C.fall D.lift24.A.keep B.thank C.forgive D.honor25.A.remembered B.punished C.removed D.replaced26.A.silence B.heart C.peace D.memory27.A.down B.up C.off D.around 28.A.birth B.passing C.loss D.starting29.A.awoke B.reminded C.forgot D.apologized30.A.simply B.hardly C.seriously D.angrily第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADoyouwanttogoouttoeatwithyourkids?HerearesomerestaurantsthataregoodforkidsindowntownLosAngeles.GrandCaféTel:(213)3564155Doyouneedaplacethatopensasearlyasyourkidswakeup?ThengotoGrandCafé.Familiescanorderbreakfastoffthemenuorenjoythebuffet.Becauseofthevariety,buffetsseemtobeaneasyoptionforfamilieswithpickyeaters.Therearemanyoptionsforthedifferentmoodsofallfamilymembers.NickelDinerTel:(213)6238301NickelDinerwaslistedinLosAngelesMagazinesasoneof“LA’sBestNewRestaurants”.Thespaceissmall,butthemenuiswonderfullylarge.Theatmosphereisquietandrelaxed,whichmakesiteasytobringthekids.OneofthemostattractivethingsaboutNickelDinerisitsuniquemenuofbreakfastfoods.LuckyStrikeBowlTel:(213)5424880There’snothinglikeagoodgameofbowlingtoaddsomehappinesstothefamilyouting.Whynottakethefamilytoaplacewhereyoucanbowlwhileeating?TrytheirhomemadeBelgiumfries,theminiburgers,flatbreadpizza,orcrispytacos.DowntownLA’sLuckyStrikeBowlwillnevermakeyouandyourkidsdisappointed.KulaTel:(213)2909631Kulaisanexcitingsushibarandisabighitforlittlesushieaters.Kula’sconceptincludesproviding“ahighstandardofnaturalorganicfoods”andtheyuse100%organicrice.Ifyourchildisnotasushieater,therearealsomanyotheroptions.31.WhowouldmostprobablygotoeatatGrandCafé? A.Peoplewholoveorganicfoods. B.Peoplewhowanttoplaywhileeating. C.Peoplewholoveaquieteatingenvironment. D.Peoplewhowanttoservethemselvesinarestaurant.32.WhichofthefollowingaspectsofKulamostattractivetoeaters? A.Ithasmanyotheroptions. B.Itoffersveryhealthyfoods. C.Itallowskidstorunaround. D.Itoffersdifferentkindsofrice.33.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage? A.ToencouragepeopletogotoLosAngeles. B.Toparesomekidfriendlyrestaurants. C.Toremendsomenicefoodsinthecity. D.Toremendsomekidfriendlyrestaurants.BWhen19yearoldSophiaGiorgisaidshewasthinkingofvolunteeringtohelptheMake–A–WishFoundation,nobodyunderstoodwhatshewastalkingabout.ButSophiaknewjusthowimportantMake–A–Wishcouldbebecausethisspecialorganizationhadhelpedtomakeadreametrueforoneofherbestfriends.Wewereinterestedinfindingoutmore,sowewentalongtomeetSophiatolistentowhatshehadtosay.SophiatoldusthatMake–A–WishisaworldwideorganizationthatstartedintheUnitedStatesin1980.“It’sacharitythathelpschildrenwhohavegotveryseriousillnesses.Make–A–Wishhelpschildrenfeelhappyeventhoughtheyaresick,bymakingtheirwishesanddreamsetrue,”Sophiaexplained.WeaskedSophiahowMake–A–Wishhadfirststarted.ShesaidithadallbegunwithaverysickyoungboycalledChris,whohadbeendreamingforalongtimeofbeingapoliceman.SophiasaidlotsofpeoplehadwantedtofindawaytomakeChris’sdreametrue—so,witheverybody’shelp,Chris,onlysevenyearsoldatthetime,hadbeena“policeman”foraday.“WhenpeoplesawhowdelightedChriswaswhenhisdreamcametrue,theydecidedtotryandhelpothersickchildrentoo,andthatwasthebeginningofMake–A–Wish,”explainedSophia.Sophia

also

told

us

the

Foundation

tries

to

give

children

and

their

families

a

special,

happy

time.

A

MakeAWish

volunteer

visits

the

families

and

asks

the

children

what

they

would

wish

forifthey

could

have

anything

in

the

world.

Sophia

said

the

volunteers

were

important

because

theywere

the

ones

who

helped

to

make

the

wishes

e

true.

They

do

this

either

by

providing

thingsthat

are

necessary,

or

by

raising

money

or

helping

out

in

whatever

way

they

can.34.

Sophia

found

out

about

Make–A–Wish

Foundationbecause

her

best

friend

had

_______. A.

benefited

from

it

B.

volunteered

to

help

it C.

dreamed

about

it

D.

told

the

author

about

it35.

According

to

Sophia,Make–A–Wish

_______.

A.

is

an

international

charity B.

was

understood

by

nobody

at

first C.

raises

money

for

very

poor

families D.

started

by

drawing

the

interest

of

the

public36.WhatdoweknowaboutChris? A.Hehasbeenapolicemansincehewasseven. B.HegavepeopletheideaofstartingMake–A–Wish. C.Hewantedpeopletohelpmakehisdreametrue. D.HewasthefirstchildMake–A–Wishhelpedafterithadbeensetup.37.WhatdoweknowaboutMake–A–Wishvolunteersfromthepassage? A.Theytrytohelpchildrengetovertheirillnesses. B.Theyareimportantformakingwishesetrue. C.Theyvisitsickchildrentomakethemfeelspecial. D.TheyprovidewhatisnecessarytomakeMake–A–Wishpopular.CEssentially,everyonehastwoages:achronological(按时间计算的)age,howoldthecalendarsaysyouare,andabiologicalage,basicallytheageatwhichyourbodyfunctionsasitparestoaveragefitnessorhealthlevels.“Chronologicalageisn’thowoldwereallyare.It’smerelyanumber,”saidProfessorDavidSinclairatHarvardUniversity.“Itisbologialagethatdterinesourhealthandultiatelyourlifespan(寿命).Weallagebiologicallyatdifferentratesaccordingtoourgenes,whatweeat,howuchweexercise,andwhatenvironentwelivein.Biologicalageisthenuberofcandleswereallyshoudbeblowingout.Inthefuture,withadvancesinourabiliytocontrolbiologicalage,wemayhaveevenfewercandlesonourbirhdycakethantheprevousTocalculatebiologicalage,ProfessorLevineatYaleUniversityidentifiedninebiomarkersthatseemedtobethemostinfluentialonlifespanbyasimplebloodtest.Thenumbersofthosemarkers,suchasbloodsugarandimmunemeasures,canbeputintotheputer,andthealgorithm(Perhapswhat’smostimportanthereisthatthesemeasurescanbechanged.Doctorscantakethisinformationandhelppatientsmakechangestolifestyle,andhopefullytakestepstoimprovetheirbiologicalconditions.“Ithinkthemostexcitingthingaboutthisresearchisthatthesethingsaren’tsetinstone,”Levinesaid.“Peoplecanbegiventheinformationearlierandtakestepstoimprovetheirhealthbeforeit’stoolate.”Levineevenenteredherownnumbersintothealgorithm.Shewassurprisedbytheresults.“Ialwaysconsideredmyselfaveryhealthyperson.I’mphysicallyactive;IeatwhatIconsiderafairlyhealthydiet.ButIdidnotfindmyresultstobeasgoodasIhadhopedtheywouldbe.Itwasawakeupcall,”shesaid.Levineisworkingwithagrouptoprovideaccesstothealgorithmonlinesothatanyonecancalculatetheirbiologicalage,identifypotentialrisksandtakestepstoimprovetheirownhealthinthelongrun.“Noonewantstoliveanextremelylonglifewithalotofchronicdiseases,”Levinesaid.“Bydelayingthedevelopmentofmentalandphysicalfunctioningproblems,peoplecanstillbeengagedinsocietyintheirsenioryears.Thatistheidealweshouldbepursuing.”38.Biologicalagedependson__________. A.whatthecalendarsaysaboutourage B.whenwestarttotakeoutdoorexercise C.whetherwecanadaptourselvestotheenvironment D.howwellourbodyworksparedwithourpeers’39.WhatdoestheauthormeanbysayingtheunderlinedpartinParagraph2?A.Wearechronologicallyolderthanlastyear.B.Wemightbelesshappythanthepreviousyear.C.Wedon’thavetocelebrateourbirthdayeveryyear.D.Wemaybebiologicallyyoungerthantheyearbefore.40.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbyLevine’sexampleinParagraph5?A.Itisnecessarytochangeourdietregularly.B.Thetestresultsmaygiveuswronginformation.C.Wakingupearlyinthemorningisgoodforourfitness.D.Thealgorithmcanrevealourpotentialhealthproblems.41.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.BiomarkersCanMakeUsYoungerB.ChronologicalAgeandBiologicalAgeC.OldPeoplecanStillbeEngagedinSocietyD.BiologicalAgecanLagbehindorExceedChronologicalAgeDDon’tBlameRobotsforLowWagesTheotherdayIfoundmyselfataconferencediscussingdecliningwagesandincreasinginequality.Onethingthatstruckmewashowmanyoftheparticipantsjustassumedthatrobotsareabigpartoftheproblem.Butautomationjustisn’tabigpartofthestorywhathappenedtoAmericanworkersoverthepast40years.Wedohaveabigproblem,butithasverylittletodowithtechnology,andalottodowithpoliticsandpower.Economicallyspeaking,arobotisanythingthatusestechnologytodoworkformerlydonebyhumanbeings.Androbotsinthatsensehavebeentransformingoureconomyforcenturies.DavidRicardo,afoundingfatherofeconomics,wroteaboutthedestructiveeffectsofmachineryin1821.Thesedays,whenpeopletalkabouttherobotdestruction,theydon’tusuallythinkofthingslikestripmining(露天采矿)andmountaintopremoval(削山开采).Yetthesetechnologiespletelytransformedcoalmining:Coalproductionalmostdoubledbetween1950and2000,yetthenumberofcoalminersfellfrom470,000tofewerthan80,000.Sothedestructionbroughtbytechnologicalchangeisanoldstory.What’snewisthefailureofworkerstoshareinthefruitsofthattechnologicalchange.I’mnotsayingthatcopingwithchangewasevereasy.Butwhiletherehavealwaysbeensomevictimsoftechnologicalprogress,untilthe1970srisingproductivitytranslatedintorisingwagesforagreatmajorityofworkers.Thentheconnectionwasbroken.Anditwasn’ttherobotsthatdidit.Whatdid?Thereisagrowingagreementamongeconomiststhatakeyfactorinwagedecreasinghasbeenworker’sdecliningbargainingpower—adeclinewhoserootsareultimatelypolitical.Mostobviously,thefederalminimumwagehasfallenbyathirdoverthepasthalfcentury,evenasworkerproductivityhasrisen150percent,whichrootedinpolitics,pureandsimple.Thedeclineofunions,whichcoveredaquarterofprivatesectorworkersin1973butonly6percentnow,maynotbeasobviouslypolitical.Butothercountrieshaven’tseenthesamekindofdecline.WhatmadeAmericaexceptionalwasapoliticalenvironmentdeeplyunfriendlytolabororganizingandfriendlytowarduniondestroyingemployers.Andthedeclineofunionshasmadeahugedifference.Considertrucking,whichusedtobeagoodjobbutnowpaysathirdlessthanitdidinthe1970s,withterribleworkingconditions.Whatmadethedifference?Deunionizationwasabigpartofthestory.Americanworkerscanandshouldbegettingamuchbetterdealthantheyare.Andtotheextentthattheyaren’t,thefaultliesnotinourrobots,butinourpoliticalleader.42.Thepeoplepresentattheconferenceaboutlowerwagesandincreasinginequality_________. A.believedthatrobotshavecontributedtowagedecline B.agreedthatrobotsshouldbeusedtohelpincreasewages C.predictedthatlowerwagesandincreasinginequalitywouldrelatetorobots D.assumedthatlowerwagesandincreasinginequalityrootedinpoliticsandpower43.Theauthormentionsthecaseofthecoalminingtoshow_________. A.therobotdestructionstartedfromcoalmining B.theinfluenceofthetechnologyonjobsisnotanewphenomenon C.thenumberofjobsincreasesasaresultoftechnologicaladvancement D.stripminingandmountaintopremovalpletelychangedthecoalminingindustry44.Accordingtothepassage,weknowthat_________. A.thedestructiveeffectsofmachinerystartedin1821 B.25%ofprivatesectorworkerswerecoveredbyunionsin1973 C.risingproductivitydidn’tbringaboutrisingwagesuntilthe1970s D.theminimumwagehasdecreasedwiththedroppingofworkerproductivity45.What’sthemainideaofthepassage? A.Technologicalchangeshaveresultedinlowerwages. B.Politicalleadershaveintendedtoshiftpeople’sattentionfromrobots. C.Thedeclineinwageshasresultedfrombadpoliciesratherthantheapplicationofrobots. D.Technologicalchangeshavecontributedtorisingwagesinsteadofcausingunemployment.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）Procrastination(拖延症)TechSupportChoosingbetweenimmediatesatisfactionandfuturebenefitcaneasilyleadtoshortsighteddecisions:WatchingTVinsteadofgoingtothegym,forexample,orgoingthroughsocialmediaratherthanworkingonachallengingproject.46Toguideindividualstowardgreatestchoices,FalkLieder,acognitive(认知)scientist,andhiscolleaguesdesignedadigitaltoolcalleda“cognitiveprosthesis.”Itusesartificialintelligencetomatchadecision’simmediaterewardwithitslongtermworthaftermakingatodolist.Theresearchersdevelopedasetofmodelsandalgorithms(算法)thatconsidervariouselementssuchasalistoftasks,anindividual’sunwillingnesstoeachandtheamountoftimeavailable.47Ithelpstoencouragethatpersontopletethemall.Theideawastoturnthechallengingprojectsthatpeoplepursueintherealworldintoagamelikeenvironment.“Thepointsystemgivespeopleachievablegoalsthatsignalthatthey’remakingprogress.”Liedersays.48Theresults,publishedonlineinAugustinNatureHumanBehavior,revealedthattheAIsupportsystemhelpedpeoplemakebetter,fa