2021届高考英语二轮专题闯关导练50分阅读理解提分练八含解析

50分阅读理解提分练(八)阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A[2020·长春市普通高中高三统一测试]Top4ThingstoDoinPigeonForgeandGatlinburg,TNThePigeonForgeandGatlinburgareasofTennesseeareabsolutelyfulloffunthingstodoandsee.Youaresuretohaveanamazingtime.DollyParton'sStampedeOneofthemostfamousattractionsinthePigeonForgeandGatlinburgareas,theDollyParton'sStampedeisamust­seeattraction.Thisshowfeaturesmanyspecialeffects,horsemanshipandafunevening.Watchasyoutakeinsomeofthebestentertainment.Cheeronyourfavoriteside.Then,topitalloffwithadeliciousmealofroastchickenandtonsofdelicioussides.Ripley'sAquarium(水族馆)oftheSmokiesFortheanimal­loverinyourfamily,you'lldefinitelywanttocheckouttheRipley'sAquariumoftheSmokies.ThisaquariumisoneofthebestattractionsinGatlinburgandfeaturestonsofbeautifulanimalsforafunandeducationalexperience.TitanicMuseumVisittheTitanicinPigeonForgeforauniquelookintothistragicevent.TheTitanicMuseumintheGreatSmokyMountainsisthelargestpermanentmuseum.Uponarrival,you'llbeamazedbythegiantreproductionoftheship.Here,guestswillbeabletoexploreavarietyofexhibits.DollywoodThemeParkDollywoodisafavoriteamongvisitorsofallagesbecauseitprovidestonsoffunanddifferentrides.Therearelotsofeventsduringtheyear.Dollywood'sSplashCountryWaterParkissuretobearefreshingplaceduringthesummermonths.Visittheparkwhenit'sshiningwithfestivelights.Nomatterwhenyouvisitit,thisparkissuretoprovideunforgettablefunduringyourPigeonForgegetaway.1．Wherearethosewholoveanimalslikelytogo?A．DollyParton'sStampede.B．Ripley'sAquariumoftheSmokies.C．TitanicMuseum.D．DollywoodThemePark.2．Whichplacewillmakeyoufeelrefreshedduringthehotmonths?A．DollyParton'sStampede.B．Ripley'sAquariumoftheSmokies.C．TitanicMuseum.D．DollywoodThemePark.3．Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?A．Science.B．Travel.C．Society.D．Education.B[2020·福州市高中毕业班质量检测]Tounderstandwhatteensaretalkingabouthasbeenbotheringparentsandteachersforages.OnecleverhighschoolteacherinMassachusettsfoundasolutionthathaspeopleonTwittersayingthey're“willingtopaymoneyforit”．JamesCallahanofLowellHighSchoolcreatedaspreadsheetofallthecolloquial(口语的)termshisstudentshaveusedsinceSeptemberalongwithhisattempttoexplaintheminplainlanguage,andpeopleonsocialmediaareenjoyingthemselves.OnMonday,oneofCallahan'sstudentspostedaphotoofafour­pagedocumentthesociologyteachercreated,titledthe“Callahan'sGenerationZDictionary”．Inthealphabetizedgreen­coloredcolumnontheleft,the“professor”typedoutphraseslike“sis”，“spillthetea”，and“snack”.Intheyellowcolumnontheright,heattemptstoexplaineachphraseusingaformaltranslationofwhatthestudentssay.ThestudenttoldUSATodaythatshereferredtoCallahanasaprofessorinthetweetbecausetheword“teacher”didn'tseemdignifiedenoughtodescribehim.Shealsosaidthatstudentsgetcollegecreditsfortakingtheintroductiontothesociologycourse.Within24hours,thetweetreceivedover300,000likesand93,000retweets.Someofthepeoplewhorespondedtothetweetapplaudedtheteacher'sinterestinteenageculture,andothersmadetheirowncontributiontothelist.“Yeet”wasapopularsuggestion—It'saversatilewordthatcanbeusedasanexclamation,averb,orevenanoun,accordingtotheUrbanDictionary.“Thetypicalteacher­studentrelationshipinvolvesarigidpowerstructure,butinmyexperience,I'vefoundthatstudentsaremoreengagedandperformbetterifIamabletoreachthemwheretheyare，”Callahansaid.“Languageischangingallthetime,andeverygenerationcreatestheirownvocabularybankofslang，”Callahansaid.“Thestudentscreatedit,andIamsortofjustthearchivist(档案管理员)！”4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinParagraph1?A．Twitter.B．Asolution.C．Understanding.D．Attempt.5．HowdoesoneofCallahan'sstudentsdescribehim?A．Simple.B．Interesting.C．Admirable.D．Hard­working.6．Whatarepeople'sreactionsafterthedictionarywaspostedonline?A．Theyexpresstheirsurprise.B．Theyhelptranslatethewords.C．Theycreatemorevocabulary.D．Theytakequiteafancytoit.7．WhatisthepurposeofCallahan'sefforts?A．Toimprovestudents'learningefficiency.B．Tohelpstudentsgetcollegecredits.C．Tolearnanewpopularlanguage.D．Totakeupanewprofession.C[2020·绵阳市高中第三次诊断性考试]Asdataleaksandidentitytheftbecomemoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingforfingerprintidentificationoririsscans(虹膜扫描)tokeepothersoutofprivatee­spaces.They'restillexpensive,though,andsomepeopleareunwillingtohavepersonalidentifierstakenandkeptbyathirdparty.Researcherssaytheyhaveinventedalow­costdevice—asmartkeyboard.Itpreciselymeasuresthesoundwithwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachindividual,saysJunChen,adoctoralengineeringstudent.Bymeasuringhowsomebodytypesapassword(密码),hesays,thekeyboardcandeterminepeople'sidentities,andthus,byextension,whethertheyshouldbegrantedaccesstothecomputerit'sconnectedto—regardlessofwhethersomeonegetstherightpassword.Itdoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen'talreadyfamiliarwith.“Everybodyusesakeyboard...andeverybodytypesdifferently，”Chensaid.Thedevicepowersitselfbygeneratingelectricitywhenaperson'sfingertipstouchthekeys,multi­layerplasticmaterials—pressingandlifting—whichcompletesanelectriccircuitwiththekeyboard.Thekeyboardcouldofferastrongerlayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser'stypingandthetimebetweenkeypresses.Thisphenomenon,called“contactelectrification”，isthesameprocessthatcreatesstaticelectricity.Chensaid,“It'slikewhenyourunyourhandacrossawoolblanketandseesparks(电火花)inthedarkness.”InastudydescribingthetechnologypublishedinthejournalACSNano,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword“touch”fourtimesusingthekeyboard.Datagleanedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtoidentifyindividualparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates,Chensays.Sofar,thereisjustonesuchkeyboard.But,Chensays,itshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive,plastic­likeparts.Theteamhopesitcouldmakeittomarketinaboutfiveyears.8．Whatisthefeatureofthesmartdevice?A．It'sinexpensive.B．It'sanewtypeoftechnology.C．It'sinaccessiblewithoutapassword.D．Itcanrecognizepeople'sfingerprints.9．Howisthesmartdevicepowered?A．Byfingerstouchingit.B．Byreplaceablebatteries.C．Byproducingpowerofitsown.D．Bybeingconnectedtoelectricity.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gleaned”probablymeaninParagraph6?A．Collected.B．Involved.C．Contained.D．Leaked.11．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．SmartKeyboardCanProduceElectricityItselfB．SmartKeyboardCanIdentifyYoubyHowYouTypeC．SmartKeyboardCanProtectPersonalDataPrivacyD．SmartKeyboardCanMeasureTypingForceandTimeD[2020·石家庄市高三年级阶段性训练题]Around45%ofplasticwasteisrecycledannuallyintheUKandplasticwasteisontheincrease.However,oneoftheproblemswithpresentplasticrecyclingmethodsisthatyouendupwithalower­qualityplasticwithworseproperties(特性)thantheoriginal.Thismeansthatplasticdrinkbottlescannotsimplyberecycledintonewdrinkbottlescontinuously,butinsteadareusedforotherlower­gradeproductslikeparkbenches.Now,Britishscientistshavedevelopedanewmethodofchemicalrecycling.Theyuselowertemperaturesandmoreenvironmentallyfriendlychemicalsthanpreviousmethodstoturnplasticsbackintotheirconstituentchemicalmolecules(分子).Inthisway,theycanbeusedtomakenewplasticsofthesamequalityastheoriginal.“Mostplasticsarenowrecycledusingmechanicalmethods,wheretheyaretransformedintoliquidsbeforebeingmadeintosomethingnew，”saidaprofessornamedMatthewJones.“Theproblemis,meltingplasticchangesitspropertiesandreducesthequality.Ourmethodofchemicalrecyclingovercomesthisproblem.Thenplasticscanbeusedalloveragainwithoutlosinganyproperties.”Theresearchersarerecyclingsomekindsofplastics,includingplant­basedPLA,aplasticusedforfoodpackagingandPET,whichisusedfordrinkbottles.Sofar,thetechnologyhasonlybeendemonstratedinasmallrange.However,scientistsarenowworkingtoproducelargerquantitiesofchemicals.“Thereisnosinglesolutiontotheproblemofplasticwaste—theapproachhastobeacombinationofreducing,reusingandrecycling.Ourmethodofchemicalrecyclingcouldallowcarbontoberecycledendlesslyratherthandiggingmoreupfromthegroundintheformoffossilfuels,orlettingitintotheatmosphereasagreenhousegas，”saidDr.PaulMcKeownfromtheUniversityofBath.12．Whatistheproblemwiththepresentplasticrecycling?A．Thequalityofrecycledplasticsdeclines.B．Plasticdrinkbottlescannotberecycled.C．Theamountofplasticwasteisincreasing.D．Recycledlower­gradeproductssellbadly.13．Howdoscientistsrecycleplasticwastewiththenewmethod?A．Bytransformingitintofuels.B．Byheatingitintotheliquidstate.C．Bykeepingitsoriginalproperties.D．Bychangingitsmoleculestructure.14．WhatcanwelearnfromwhatDr.PaulMcKeownsaid?A．Fossilfuelsareendlessresources.B．Theplasticwasteproblemhasnosolution.C．Recycledcarbonleadstogreenhousegases.D．Thechemicalrecyclingisenvironmentallyfriendly.15．Inwhichpartofthewebsitecanwefindthetext?A．Business.B．Technology&Science.C．Lifestyle.D．Art&Culture.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。[2020·北京市西城区高三统一测试]FashionandIdentityPeoplehaveputsomemessageinthetypeofclothingtheywearforalongtime.Longagopeoplestartedwantingtostandoutfromthe“crowd”andbedifferentfromotherpeoplebymeansofchangingtheirclothing.Someexamplesofthese“standingout”becameverypopularandwerefollowedbymorepeople.__16__Nowadays,fashionhasbecomeanecessarypartofone'sself­realizationandclothingisbasicallyacoveringdesignedtobewornonaperson'sbody.Thiscoveringisa“necessity”，whichbringsalotofvarietyintothelivesofpeopleandmakestheirimagemorecomplete.Thetypeofclothingcompletelydependsonthepersonwearingitandbecomesareflectionofpersonalidentity.Lately,alotisbeingheardaboutitsmeaninginthelifeofeverysinglepersonontheplanet.Thechoiceofclothingisasimportantasidentificationthroughthecolorofhair,skinandgender.Aseverypieceofclothingcarriesastrongmessageaboutitsowner,everyowner“nests”acertainvalueinitdependingonhismindsetortoday'smood.Therefore,theclothingofapersonisameansofcommunicationwiththeoutsideworld.__17__Clotheshaveasignificantimpactontheunderstandingofthepeoplenearbyaswellasthepersonwearingthem.Forinstance,asuitcanmakeapersonfeelmoreconfidentandorganized,whichwouldeventuallychangeeventhegesturesoftheperson.__18__Sometimes,fashionmayplayavitalroleinaperson'slife,especiallywhenthepersonisapplyingforthejobhewants.Fashionalsocreatesamessagethatisrequiredbyasituationthepersonfindshimselfin.Thiscanbesimplyprovedbyanalyzingone'sreactiontopeoplewearingdifferenttypesofclothing.__19__Thus,eventhesmallestcompaniesmakewearingasuitoneoftherequirementsfortheiremployees.__20__Fashion,withallitssymbolismandfeatures,formanoutstandingbaseforpersonalandculturalidentification.Itisapartoftheself­realizationthatisrequiredforfindingaplaceinlifeandhasbecomeatoolforachievingharmonywiththeinnerworld.Themorediversethesocietyaroundus,themorethefashiontrendwillsurpriseus.A．Fashionhelpsusrealizeourdreams.B．Thiswasthemomentwhenfashionappeared.C．Fashionandidentityareinseparablecompanions.D．Clothingwasdesignedtoservepeopleintheirdailylife.E．Thepreferenceisalwaysgiventopeopledressedinthe“businessstyle”．F．Itisthewayoftellingpeopleaboutthe“state”andthe“status”ofitsowner.G．Wearingjeansafterasuitmaychangetheconductofapersontoaverycasualone.50分阅读理解提分练(八)阅读理解第一节A语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会——旅游——田纳西州的景点[文章大意]本文主要介绍了田纳西州的两处度假胜地里最值得参观的四个景点。1．答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据Ripley'sAquarium(水族馆)oftheSmokies部分的第一句“Fortheanimal­loverinyourfamily,you'lldefinitelywanttocheckouttheRipley'sAquariumoftheSmokies.”可知，那些喜欢动物的人有可能去Ripley'sAquariumoftheSmokies。故选B。2．答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据DollywoodThemePark部分的第三句“Dollywood'sSplashCountryWaterParkissuretobearefreshingplaceduringthesummermonths.”可知，DollywoodThemePark会使你在炎热的月份感到清爽，故选D。3．答案与解析：B考查文章出处。根据文章的标题及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了田纳西州的两处度假胜地里最值得参观的四个景点。由此可知，本文可能出现在杂志的旅游版块。B语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会——人际沟通——教师解释学生口语化的表达[文章大意]高中教师JamesCallahan将学生的日常用语整理出来，并用正式的语言表达予以解释；他这一做法引起了人们的广泛关注，并且他希望通过这种方式能更好地促进师生交流，进而改善学生的学业表现。4．答案与解析：B考查代词指代。根据第一段第二句“OnecleverhighschoolteacherinMassachusettsfoundasolutionthathaspeopleonTwittersayingthey're‘willingtopaymoneyforit’．”可知，一位聪明的高中老师找到了一个解决办法，推特上的人说他们愿意为此付钱。由此可推知，“it”在这里指代上文中的“asolution”，故选B。5．答案与解析：C考查推理判断。根据第五段第一句“ThestudenttoldUSATodaythatshereferredtoCallahanasaprofessorinthetweetbecausetheword‘teacher’didn'tseemdignifiedenoughtodescribehim.”可知，Callahan的一位学生认为“老师”这个词语还不足以描述她的老师，所以她用了“教授”这个词语。由此可推知，这位学生认为Callahan是值得钦佩的，故选C。6．答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第六段“Within24hours,thetweetreceivedover300,000likesand93,000retweets.”可知，当Callahan的学生将文件发到社交平台上后，获得了众多人的赞同和转发。由此可知，人们非常喜欢这个词典，故选D。takeafancytosth.意为“喜欢上某物”。文中第七段提到一些人在这个表格上增加了词汇，但没有说是这些人创造了这些词汇，故排除C项。7．答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据第八段的内容，尤其是“I'vefoundthatstudentsaremoreengagedandperformbetterifIamabletoreachthemwheretheyare”可推知，Callahan整理学生的日常用语的目的在于让老师更好地理解学生，从而改善师生关系，进而促进学生的学习，故选A。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——科学与技术——智能键盘[文章大意]研究人员发明了一种智能键盘，可以通过分析用户的打字模式来判断该用户是不是安全访客。8．答案与解析：A考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词smartdevice定位到文章第二段的第一句“Researcherssaytheyhaveinventedalow­costdevice—asmartkeyboard.”，由此可知，价格便宜是这个智能键盘的特点，故A项正确。9．答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据题干中的关键词powered定位到第四段的第一句“Thedevicepowersitselfbygeneratingelectricitywhenaperson'sfingertipstouchthekeys,multi­layerplasticmaterials—pressingandlifting—whichcompletesanelectriccircuitwiththekeyboard.”，由此可知，这个智能键盘是靠人的指尖按下键(多层塑料材料)，然后再抬起，这样电路就完成了，即该设备通过这种方式发电来给自己供电，故C项正确。10．答案与解析：A考查词义猜测。上文提