中考英语专项复习专题十一-动词的非谓语形式

中考英语专项复习专题一---动词的非谓语形式动词不定式：(to+)动词原形作主语：为避免句子结构头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，而真正的主语放在句末，其句型结构为It+be+adj.+for/ofsb.+todosth.例句：Itisimportantforustoobeytheschoolrules.对我们来说遵守校规很重要。Itispoliteofyoutospeaktootherslikethat.你那样跟别人说话是有礼貌的。动词不定式：(to+)动词原形作宾语：常见的接不定式作宾语的动词有agree,learn,plan,wish,want,decide等。例句：IplantovisittheGreatWallthissummerholiday.我计划今年暑假去参观长城。作宾语补足语：（1）常见接带to的不定式作补足语的动词有ask,tell,allow,encourage等；例句：MyparentstellmenottowatchTVtoolong.我父母告诉我不要看太久电视。2）常见接不带to的不定式作补足语的有使役动词make,let,have和感官动词hear,see,watch,notice,feel等。例句：Runningcanmakeuskeepstrong.跑步可以使我们保持强壮。IoftenhearMr.Wangsingsongsintheroom.我经常听到王先生在房间里唱歌。作状语：（1）作目的状语；例句：IwenttoBeijingtovisitmygrandparentslastweek.上周我去北京看望我的祖父母。（2）作结果状语。例句：Mysisterisoldenoughtogotoschoolthisyear.我妹妹今年大了，可以上学了。作定语（课标未做要求）：不定式一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。例句：Ihavealotofhouseworktodo.我有很多家务要做。作表语（课标未做要求）。例句：Mydreamistobeapilot.我的梦想是成为一名飞行员。注意不定式可以和疑问词who,what,which等连用，构成“疑问词+不定式”结构。例句：Ihaven’tdecidedwheretogo.我还没决定去哪里。动名词：动词+ing作主语：谓语动词用单数形式。例句：Swimmingisagoodwaytokeepfit.游泳是保持健康的好方法。作宾语：（1）作动词的宾语。常见的接动名词形式作宾语的动词有avoid,consider,enjoy,finish,imagine,keep,mind,practice,suggest,worth等；例句：Heenjoysplayingbasketballeveryday.他喜欢每天打篮球。（2）作以介词结尾的短语的宾语。常见的短语有：havefun(in)doingsth.做某事很开心；beinterestedindoingsth.有兴趣做某事；be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事；bebusy(in)doingsth.忙于做某事；feellikedoingsth.想要做某事；giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事；lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事；begoodatdoingsth.擅长做某事；preventsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事。例句：I’mlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.我期待着收到你的来信。作表语：表示主语具有抽象的概念。例句：Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。分词（课标未做要求）现在分词：动词+ing过去分词：动词+ed（1）现在分词作定语，现在分词与被修饰的名词在逻辑上是主动关系，而过去分词作定语，与被修饰名词在逻辑上是被动关系；例句：Doyouknowthemansittingbythewindow?你认识坐在窗边的那个人吗？Americaisadevelopedcountry.美国是一个发达国家。（2）现在分词作表语，表示主语的性质、特征，而过去分词作表语，表示某种状态；例句：Iaminterestedinthemovie,TheSoundofMusic.Itisinteresting.我对《音乐之声》这部电影感兴趣。它很有趣。（3）现在分词作宾语补足语，宾语与补语之间为主动关系；而过去分词作宾语补足语，宾语与补语之间为被动关系。例句：Thewaiterkeptmewaitingforalongtimeyesterday.昨天服务员让我等了很长时间。Howcouldyoumakeyourselfunderstoodinthelocalplace,Jim?吉姆，你怎么能在当地让人明白你的意思？I.选择填空1.Beijingistryingtobuildmoreandmorepocketparks____people’slivingenvironment.A.improvingB.improveC.toimprove2.Lookatthesign“Noswimming”—itwarnsus____inthelake.A.swimmingB.notswimmingC.nottoswimCC3.—Safetyisveryimportanttoallofus.—Iagree.Westudentsshouldlearn____ourselvesinthedailylife.A.wheretoholdB.whattovisitC.howtoprotectC4.—AreyougoingtoreadthebookJourneytotheWest?—Yes,ourteacherexpectsus____suchtraditionalChinesebooks.A.readB.readingC.toreadC5.Today,wemustcontinueworking____

ourskiesblue,waterscleanandlandsclear.A.keepB.tokeepC.keeping6.Boysandgirls,goodluckandwishyou____

goodgradesinanewyear.A.getB.gettingC.togetBC7.Weshouldavoid____anoiseinthelibrary.A.makeB.tomakeC.making8.—Shallwegoswimmingthisafternoon?—Iwouldratherstayathomethan____swimming.A.goingB.goC.togoCB9.—OurschoolwillinviteMr.Wang____

usatalkonenvironmentalprotectionnextweek.—That’swonderful!A.giveB.togiveC.givingB10.Wehope____abeautifulhomebylivingalowcarbonlife（低碳生活）.A.buildB.buildingC.tobuild11.—Peteralwaysremembers____

thelightoffwhenheleavestheroom.—That’sgreat.It’sagoodwaytosaveenergy.A.shutB.shuttingC.toshutCC12.—Father,I’mafraidIcan’twintheEnglishcompetition.—Believeinyourself,mygirl,andtellyourself____.A.givingupB.nottogiveupC.togiveupB13.Ifyouhavedifficulty____outthe