英语译林版（皖湘专用）必修5导学笔记Unit1PeriodTwo

PeriodTwoWordpower&GrammarandusageⅠ.重点单词1.amusementn.娱乐，消遣2.identityn.身份3.absurdadj.荒唐的，怪诞的Ⅱ.重点短语1.stayup熬夜2.nodoubt毫无疑问3eupwith想出，提出4.cheersb.up使某人振奋5.wouldrather宁愿6.ratherthan而不是7.lookforwardtodoingsth.渴望做某事8.putoff推迟Ⅲ.重点句式1.notonly...butalso...Heisnotonlypolite，butalsoopenmindedandhumorous，soeveryonelikeshim.他不仅有礼貌，而且心胸宽广，也不失幽默，所以大家都很喜欢他。2.wouldrather...than...YouknowIwouldrathervisitthedentistthanstudyalgebraandarithmetic!你知道我宁愿去看牙科医生也不愿去学代数和算术！重点词汇1.Westayupatnightandtalkaboutmanythings.我们晚上会聊许多事情，睡得比较晚。stayup熬夜staystill静止不动staywith和……待在一起stayout待在户外；晚上不回家stayoutof避开；远离；不介入stayin待在家里；不外出stayover留宿(1)Don’tstaystill；thereisaguest.别呆着了，客人来了。(2)Mymotherisstayingwithusthisweek.我母亲这星期在我们家住。(3)Hisfathertoldhimtostayoutoftrouble.他父亲叫他避开麻烦。[同义词语替换](4)WesatupstudyingEnglish.stayedup/burntthemidnightoil2.Neitherofusisquiet—that’sforsure!我们两人都不是安静的人——那是肯定的！(1)neitherpron.两者中无论哪一个都不……，常见结构为：neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”，连接的并列结构主要有：并列主语、并列谓语、并列状语和并列宾语(表语)。(2)当neither...nor...连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数要与邻近的主语保持一致。(3)neither表示“两者”的完全否定，而both与not搭配则构成“两者”的部分否定；在表示“三者(或以上)”的完全否定时，用none，noone，nothing等，而表示“三者(或以上)”的部分否定时，用not等否定词与all，every，always等搭配。(1)Thatisneithermyfaultnoryours.那既不是我的错亦非你的错。(2)Heneitherdrinksnorsmokes.他既不喝酒也不吸烟。(3)Neitheryounorsheisgoodatdrawing.你和她都不擅长绘画。[单句改错](4)Theresearchgroupproducedtworeportsbasedonthesurvey，buteq\f(either,neither)containedanyusefulsuggestions.3.Ihavenodoubthewillsucceed.我毫不怀疑他会成功。nodoubt无疑；很可能beyond/withoutdoubt毫无疑问；的确There’snodoubtthat...毫无疑问……注意：1doubt作动词时：①在肯定句中接whether/if引导的宾语从句。②在否定句、疑问句中接that引导的宾语从句。2doubt作名词时：①在肯定句中接whether引导的同位语从句。②在否定句、疑问句中接that引导的同位语从句。(1)Nodoubt，Ihavelearnedalotfromhim.无疑地，我从他身上学到了很多。(2)Heis，withoutdoubt，thegreatestgolfer.毫无疑问，他是最优秀的高尔夫球手。(3)Wealldoubtwhether/ifJohnwilleontime.我们都怀疑约翰会不会准时来。[单句改错](4)Thereisnodoubtintheworldeq\f(if,that)Chinaisagreatcountrywithalonghistoryandrichculture.4.Seehowmanypositiveandnegativeadjectivesthatdescribepersonalityyoucaneupwith.看一看你能够想出多少表示积极和消极的描绘个性的形容词。eupwith想出，提出主意、答案等，该短语通常接aplan/aproposal/anidea等作宾语。eup走近；出现；被提及；被讨论etolife活跃起来，恢复生气eout出版；出来；露出；开花eacross偶然遇到注意：eupwith提出，为及物动词短语，主语常为人，宾语为表示“建议、计划、方案”等的名词；eup在指“问题、建议、方案”等被提及时为不及物动词短语，主语常为物，无被动语态。(1)Thequestionisboundtoeupatthemeeting.会上一定会讨论这个问题。(2)Thetowncametolifeaftersunrise.日出之后，这个城镇恢复了生气。(3)Theseanimalsonlyeoutatnight.这些动物只在夜晚出来。(4)Icameacrossanoldphotowhilecleaningtheroom.我在打扫房间时，发现了一张旧照片。[单句改错](5)Theyoungmancameupeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(with))asuggestionatthemeeting.5.I’msogladIhavepersuadedyoutoapologizetoRachel.能成功地说服你向雷切尔道歉，我真是太高兴了。persuadevt.说服，劝说；使相信(1)persuadesb.(not)todosth.＝persuadesb.into/outofdoingsth.＝talksb.into/outofdoingsth.说服某人(不)做某事(2)trytopersuadesb.todosth.＝advisesb.todosth.尽力说服某人做某事(3)persuadesb.ofsth.＝persuadesb.that...使某人相信某事注意：persuade，advise这两个词都有“劝说”的意思，不同的是：persuade表示“劝说并使之听从”；若只表示劝说的动作而不强调“使之服从”的结果，要用advise或trytopersuade。(1)Ipersuadedhimtogiveuptheattempt.＝Ipersuadedhimintogivinguptheattempt.我说服了他放弃这次尝试。(2)Hemadevaineffortstotrytopersuadehisson.他努力说服儿子，但枉费了一番口舌。(3)Itwillbedifficulttopersuadethemthatthere’snootherchoice.很难让他们相信别无选择。[一句多译](4)很难说服他不出国。①It’snoteasytopersuadehimnottogoabroad.②It’snoteasytopersuadehimoutofgoingabroad.6.Mumdiscouragesmefromchattingonline.妈妈阻止我网聊。(1)discouragevt.劝阻，阻止；使失去信心，使泄气discourage(doing)sth.阻止(做)某事discouragesb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事(2)discouragingadj.令人气馁的(3)discouragedadj.气馁的(4)encouragevt.鼓励(1)ThedifficultworkdiscouragedAlanandheleftschool.过难的功课使Alan失去了信心，他退学了。(2)Wediscouragesmokinginthisschool.我们阻止在这所学校里吸烟。(3)Smokingisharmfultoourhealth.Weoughttobefocusingondiscouragingkidsfromsmoking.吸烟有害健康，我们应把重点放在劝阻孩子们吸烟上。[单句改错](4)Hemustfeeleq\f(discouraging,discouraged)atthesadnews.经典句式1.Heisnotonlypolite，butalsoopenmindedandhumorous，soeveryonelikeshim.他不仅有礼貌，而且心胸宽广，也不失幽默，所以大家都很喜欢他。notonly...butalso...不仅……而且……(1)用于连接两个性质相同的词或短语。(2)当notonly...butalso...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数原则上与其相近的主语保持一致。(3)为了强调，可将notonly置于句首，此时其后接的句子通常要用部分倒装的形式(butalso后面的分句不倒装)。(4)also有时可以省略。(1)Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacherisenjoyingthefilm.(连接两个主语)不仅学生们在欣赏这部影片，他们的老师也在欣赏这部影片。(2)Wewerenotonlyhungry，butalsotired.(连接两个表语)我们不但饿了，而且也累了。(3)HisnameisknownnotonlyinJapan，butinChina.(连接两个状语)他不仅在日本出名，而且在中国也出名。(4)Notonlydotheyneedclothing，buttheyarealsoshortofwater.他们不但需要衣服，而且还缺水。2.YouknowIwouldrathervisitthedentistthanstudyalgebraandarithmetic!你知道我宁愿去看牙科医生也不愿去学代数和算术！(1)wouldrather(not)do...宁愿(不)做……eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(wouldratherdo...thando...,prefertodo...,ratherthando...))宁愿做……而不愿做……(2)wouldrather＋宾语从句，意为“宁愿(某人)做某事”，此时从句要用虚拟语气。从句谓语用一般过去时，表示对现在或将来动作的虚拟；用过去完成时，表示对过去动作的虚拟。(3)wouldratherhavedone...本来想做……而未实现(1)Hewouldratherdiethanbetrayhisfriends.他宁愿死也不愿出卖他的朋友们。(2)Iwouldratheryouhadn’ttoldhimthenewsthatday.我真希望你那天没把那个消息告诉他。[单句改错](3)Wewouldratherourdaughtereq\f(stay,stayed)athomewithus，butitisherchoice，andsheisnotachildanylonger.[句型转换](4)ShepreferstostayathomewatchingTVratherthangoouttoplaywithme.→ShewouldratherstayathomewatchingTVthangoouttoplaywithme.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Ifyoueacrosssomenewwords，youmaylookitupinthedictionary.2.Hehasahabitofmakinghumorous(humor)remarks，sowealllikehim.3.Themostdiscouraging(discourage)thingistobemisunderstoodbyothers.4.Hischiefamusement(amuse)isreadingnovels.5.Hewouldratherstaypoorthangetmoneyinadishonest(honest)way.6.Ihaveahabitoftakingacoffee，whichmakesmefeelenergeticwhenIhavetostayuplate.7.Hisfriendstriedtocheerhimupaftertheaccident，butinvain.8.Sofar，onlyonemanhaseupwithatheorythatseemstofitallthefacts.9.Whetherthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.10.Thedaythatthechildrenhadbeenlookingforwardtocame(e)atlast.Ⅱ.完成句子11.我毫不怀疑你是诚实的。Ihavenodoubtthatyouarehonest.12.她最终说服他去了医院。Finallyshepersuadedhimintogoingtohospital.13.他的父母试图阻止他去当演员。Hisparentstriedtodiscouragehimfrombeinganactor.14.工人们不仅想要涨工资，还想要减少工时。Notonlydotheworkerswanttoincreasetheirpay，buttheyalsowanttoreduceworkinghours.15.我宁愿你没有告诉过他那个消息。Iwouldratheryouhadn’ttoldhimthenews.动词不定式单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.IhavenothingtodobuttowatchTV.2.You’dbettertotidyyourroom.3.Hewasmadeeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))workthirteenhoursaday.4.Theywerethelastguestseq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))arrive.5.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughternevereq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))drive.动词不定式由“to＋动词原形”构成。这里的to是不定式标志，没有词义。不定式具有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能，又有动词的时态和语态的特点及作用。常见的形式如下表所示(以及物动词do为例)，不及物动词没有被动语态。语态时态主动被动一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing/完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone完成进行式tohavebeendoing/一、不定式的时态和语态1.一般式表示的动作，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。例如：Heseemstoknowthis.他似乎知道这事。Ihopetoseeyouagain.＝IhopethatI’llseeyouagain.我希望再见到你。2.进行式表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。例如：Heseemstobeeatingsomething.他好像正在吃什么东西。3.完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。例如：I’msorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.很抱歉，给你添了那么多的麻烦。Heseemstohavecaughtacold.他好像已经得了感冒。4.完成进行式表示动作从过去开始延续至说话的时候。例如：Sheisknowntohavebeenworkingontheproblemformanyyears.我们知道她研究这问题有好几年了。二、不定式的作用1.作主语Toseeistobelieve.眼见为实。不定式作主语，往往用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式放至句子的后面。It’ssonicetohearyourvoice.听到你的声音真高兴。It’snecessaryforyoutolockthecarwhenyoudonotuseit.不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。2.作宾语大致上有两种情况：(1)有些及物动词用不定式作宾语，结构为“动词＋不定式”。例如：Thedriverfailedtoseetheothercarintime.司机没能及时看见另一辆车。(2)“疑问词＋不定式”结构可作介词的宾语。例如：We’retalkingabouthowtooverethepresentdifficulties.我们正在讨论如何克服当前的困难。Shegavemelotsofvaluableadviceonhowtoloseweight.她就如何减肥给我提出了许多宝贵的建议。3.作宾补有些动词可以用不定式作补语。有这种用法的动词有：advise，allow，cause，challenge，mand，drive(驱使)，enable，encourage，forbid，force，instruct，invite，like/love，order，permit，make，let，have，want，get，warn，persuade，request，send，tell，train，urge等。例如：Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet.父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。Theofficerorderedhismentofire.长官命令士兵们开火。4.作表语不定式可放在系动词后面作表语。例如：Hisdreamistobeadoctor.他的梦想是成为一名医生。5.作定语不定式作定语通常要放在被修饰的词后面，往往表示未发生的动作。例如：Areyougoingtotheconferencetobeheldnextweek?你准备参加下周举行的会议吗？6.作状语(1)作目的状语常用结构为todo，onlytodo，inordertodo，soastodo，so(such)...asto...。例如：Heransofastastocatchthefirstbus.他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。Iehereonlytosaygoodbyetoyou.我来仅仅是为了向你告别。(2)作结果状语表示没有预料到的或事与愿违的结果，不定式要放在句子后面。Hesearchedtheroomonlytofindnothing.他搜查了房间，结果什么也没发现。(3)表原因Shewepttoseethesight.她一看到这情形就哭了。(4)表理由和条件Hemustbeafooltosayso.他那样说真是傻。Youwilldowelltospeakmorecarefully.如果你说话再小心一些，你将会做得很好。注意：1.省去to的动词不定式(1)情态动词(除ought外)后。(2)使役动词let，have，make后；感官动词see，watch，lookat，notice，observe，hear，listento，smell，feel，find等后。但被动语态中不能省去to。例如：Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight.＝Theyweremadetoworkthewholenight.老板让他们整夜干活。Isawhimdance.＝Hewasseentodance.我看见他跳舞。(3)wouldrather，hadbetter句型后。(4)Why.../Whynot...句型后。(5)help后可带to，也可不带to。(6)but和except后。but前有实义动词do时，后面出现的不定式不带to。比较：Hewantstodonothingbutgoout.他只想出去玩。Hewantstobelieveanythingbuttotakethemedicine.除了吃药，他什么都信。(7)由and，or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to可以省去。I’dliketoliedownand(to)gotosleep.我想躺下睡觉了。(8)通常在discover，imagine，suppose，find，consider等词后作宾补或主补时，可以省去tobe。例如：Heissupposed(tobe)nice.他被认为是个好人。2.to可以用作不定式的标志，也可用作介词。下面的to都用作介词：admittoobjecttobeaccustomedtobeusedto(习惯于)sticktoturnto(开始)lookforwardtobedevotedtopayattentiontocontributetoapologizetodevoteoneselftowhenitesto动名词用所给动词的正确形式填空1.Hewaspraisedfordoing(do)agooddeed.2.Wewereallexcitedforbeing(be)praised.3.Aftersending(send)youthatletter，IrecollectedhowstupidIwas.4.Itisawasteoftimepersuading(persuade)suchapersontojoinus.5.Theiring(e)tohelpwasagreatencouragementtous.6.Iapologizefornothaving(have)waitedforyou.7.Doyouhaveanydifficulty(in)understanding(understand)spokenEnglish?8.Itisnouse/nogoodcrying(cry)overspiltmilk.9.Climbing(climb)mountainsisreallyfun.10.Wouldyoumindhisusing(use)yourputer?动名词由动词原形加ing构成，与现在分词形式相同。动名词可以起名词的作用，在句中作主语和宾语等；同时，它还保留着某些动词的特征，如有完成式和被动语态，可以有自己的宾语和状语。动名词的否定形式为：not/never＋动名词。详情见下表(以动词do为例)：语态时态主动被动一般式(not)doing(not)beingdone完成式(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendone一、动名词的时态和语态1.主动语态(1)一般式。动名词的一般式所表示的动作可以是泛指，也可以与谓语动词同时发生。例如：Thenforaperiodofseveralweekswepractisedoingtheplay.然后这几周的时间我们排练这部戏。(2)完成式。完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如：Heapologizedtomeforhavingbrokenmyglasses.由于打破了我的眼镜，他向我道歉。2.被动语态如果动名词的逻辑主语为动名词所表示的动作的承受者，动名词要用被动语态。(1)一般式。例如：Hecameinwithoutbeingnoticed.他进来了，谁也没有注意到。(2)完成式。表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如：She’sangryaboutnothavingbeeninvited.她对没有受到邀请感到生气。二、动名词的句法功能1.作主语谓语动词一律用单数形式。例如：Itisnousearguingwithhim.和他争吵是没有用的。注意：常用v.ing形式作主语的句型有：Itis/wasawasteoftimedoing...做……是浪费时间的。Itis/wasnogood/usedoing...做……是没用的。Itis/washardly/scarcelyworthdoing...做……不值得。Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing...做……是值得的。Thereis/wasnosenseindoing...做……没道理。Thereis/wasnousedoing...做……无用。Thereis/wasnothingworsethandoing...没有比做……更糟的。Thereis/wasnopointdoing...做……无意义。2.作表语作表语的动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。例如：Herjobisteaching.＝Teachingisherjob.她的工作是教书。Intheantcity，thequeen’sjobislayingeggs.＝Intheantcity，layingeggsisthequeen’sjob.在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。3.作宾语Heisfondofplayingfootball.他喜欢踢足球。注意：(1)admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，enjoy，escape，excuse，face，feellike，finish，forgive，giveup，imagine，include，keep，mention，mind，miss，practise，putoff，resist，risk，suggest，can’thelp，can’tstand等动词和动词短语后可以用动名词作宾语，但不能用不定式。(2)forget，goon，mean，regret，remember，stop，try等动词(短语)可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。例如：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事,remembertodosth.记住要做某事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(goondoingsth.继续做同一件事情,goontodosth.继续做另外一件事情))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(can’thelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事,can’thelptodosth.不能帮忙做某事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事,forgettodosth.忘记要去做某事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(stopdoingsth.停止做某事,stoptodosth.停止正在做的事去做别的事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(trydoingsth.试着做某事,trytodosth.努力试图做某事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(regretdoingsth.对已做过的事表示后悔,regrettodosth.对要做的事表示抱歉或遗憾))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(meandoingsth.意味着做某事；意思是做某事,meantodosth.打算做某事))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(Irememberdoingtheexercise.,我记得做过练习。,Imustremembertodoit.,我必须记着要做这事。))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(Itrieddoingitagain.,我试着又干了一次。,Itriednottogothere.,我设法不去那里。))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(Stopspeaking.不要讲话。,Hestoppedtotalk.他停下所做的事来讲话。))4.作定语动名词作定语修饰名词时，说明被修饰名词的用途，在意义上有“供作……之用”的意思。可以用这种定语修饰的名词有：way(of)，method(of)，art(of)，chance(of)，opportunity(of)，habit(of)，hope(of)，process(of)，possibility(of)，importance(of)，means(of)等。例如：Thecavewasagoodhidingplaceforthepoorchildrenatthattime.在那个时候，这个洞穴对于那些穷孩子来说是一个很好的藏身之处。awalkingstick＝astickforwalking一根拐棍Yourwayoflookingatthingsisbetter.你看事情的方式比较好。5.作同位语动名词作同位语时，表示对主语进行解释说明。例如：Hishabit，listeningtothenewsontheradio，remainsunchanged.他在收音机上听新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。6.动名词的复合结构名词所有格或物主代词后加动名词，即构成动名词的复合结构(one’s/sb.’s/n.＋doing/beingdone)，而名词所有格或物主代词是动名词的逻辑主语。当动名词短语放在动词或介词之后时，名词所有格或物主代词还可分别用名词或人称代词的宾格代替。动名词的复合结构在句中多作主语或宾语。例如：Doyoumindmy/meopeningthewindow?我开窗你介意吗？(作宾语/宾补)Mike’sreturningmethemoneyintimepleasedme.迈克及时还我钱，我非常满意。(作主语)WecannotfinishourworkwithoutJohnhelpingus.有约翰帮助我们，我们才能够完成工作。(作宾补)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Manyairlinesnowallowpassengerstoprinttheirboardingpassesonlinetosave(save)theirvaluabletime.(2017·北京)2.Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting，asIhadatraintocatch(catch).(2017·天津)3.Tomake(make)iteasiertogetintouchwithus，you’dbetterkeepthiscardathand.(2016·北京)4.Myambassadorialdutieswillincludeintroducing(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchcentreinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.(2016·全国Ⅰ)5.Ignoring(ignore)thedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.(2015·安徽)6.AfterreceivingtheOscarforBestSupportingActress，AnneBenedictwentontothank(thank)allthepeoplewhohadhelpedinhercareer.(2015·陕西)7.Therearestillmanyproblemstobesolved(solve)beforewearereadyforalongstayontheMoon.(2014·北京)8.Whenitestospeaking(speak)inpublic，noonecanmatchhim.(2014·江西)9.Istoppedthecartotake(take)ashortbreakasIwasfeelingtired.(2013·山东)Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Wecanchoosebetweenstayingathomeandeq\f(take,taking)atrip.(2016·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)2.Aftereq\f(look,looking)atthetoyforsometime，heturnedaroundandfoundthathisparentsweremissing.(2015·全国Ⅱ，短文改错)3.We’vebeenspendingalotoftimeeq\f(sing,singing)inkaraokebars.(2015·四川，短文改错)4.Hewantedeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))teachmeaboutanimals，insectsandtrees.(2014·陕西，短文改错)5.eq\f(Have,Having)teainthelateafternoonprovidesabridgebetweenlunchanddinner，whichmightnotbeserveduntil8o’clockatnight.(2013·新课标全国Ⅱ，短文改错)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Almosteveryonewantstomake(make)friendsanddevelopfriendshipswithothers.2.Iwasshockedtofind(find)apieceofpaperonmydesk.3.Heaccusedmeofsomereallybadthingsjusttohurt(hurt)me.4.Whynote(e)tojoinus?5.It’salwaysfinetoreceive(receive)aletterfromafriendfaraway.6.Respondquicklyandbriefly，apologizing(apologize)foryourmistake.7.Don’tpretendtobeworking(work)hard.Iknowthatyouarereadingamagazineatthesametime.8.Thereisnothingworsethanhaving(have)nofriends.9.Sheadmittedtohavingcheating(cheat)inthefinalexam.10.Playing(play)putergamesisawasteoftime.Ⅱ.完成句子11.我发现和他一起工作很有意思。Ifinditinterestingtoworkwithhim.12.在这种情形下，讲实话是最好的办法。Totellthetruthisthebestmethodinthissituation.13.他在寻找一间房间居住。Heislookingforaroomtolivein.14.那是解决这个问题的最好办法吗？Isthatthebestwaytosolvetheproblem?15.汽车停下来以便接乘客。Thebusstoppedsoasto/inordertopickuppassengers.16.我记得有一天晚上在超市遇到了你。Iremembermeetingyouoneeveningatthesupermarket.17.你去之前预约一下是值得的。It’sworthmakinganappointmentbeforeyougo.18.没有老师的帮忙，我们是不能做好这(工作)的。Wecan’tdoitwellwithoutourteacherhelpingus.19.我想喝一杯咖啡。Ifeellikehavingacupofcoffee.20.在阳光下阅读对你的眼睛有害。Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.Ⅲ.短文改错(2017·湖南浏阳二中高二月考)Ilovecamping.It’smyfavouritestwaytospendthesummervacation.Lastyear，myfamilyandIwentcampinginthecountryside.ItwasoneofthemostexcitedexperiencesIhadneverhad.Theysleptinatentandwentonalongwalkeveryday.Wecookoverafireandthefoodalwaystastedwonderfully.Forawholeweek，Isawlovelymountainviewsorbreathedfreshair.Atnight，Iheardofthegentlewindblowinginthetrees，andIfeltsopeaceful.Itdoesn’tcostmanytocamp.Ibelieveit’sthebestwaytogetclosenatureandenjoyitsbeauty.答案Ilovecamping.It’smyeq\f(favouritest,favourite)waytospendthesummervacation.Lastyear，myfamilyandIwentcampinginthecountryside.Itwasoneofthemosteq\f(excited,exciting)experiencesIhadeq\f(never,ever)had.eq\f(They,We)sleptinatentandwentonalongwalkeveryday.Weeq\f(cook,cooked)overafireandthefoodalwaystastedeq\f(wonderfully,wonderful).Forawholeweek，Isawlovelymountainviewseq\f(or,and)breathedfreshair.Atnight，Iheardofthegentlewindblowinginthetrees，andIfeltsopeaceful.Itdoesn’tcosteq\f(many,much)tocamp.Ibelieveit’sthebestwaytogetcloseeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))natureandenjoyitsbeauty.Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2017·山西大同一中高二月考)WhenmyfriendLesawasdiagnosed(诊断)withcancer，anotherfriendandIwenttothehospitaltospendsometimewithher.WeboughtherasmalltoyandnamedhimLemonAide.WegaveLemonAidetoLesaandtoldherhewastogowithhertoallofhertreatmentstoremindherthatwewerethinkingofherandcaringabouthereventhoughwecouldnotalwaysbewithher.Whenthetreatmentswerepleted，shesaidwhensomeoneelseneededhimshewouldpasshimalong.Afewmonthslater，muchtomysurprise，itwasmethatshepassedhimto.LemonAidewentwithmetoallofmytreatments.OnedaywhilewaitingformydoctorIdecidedwecouldmarkettheideatofightcancer.LesathoughtitwasagreatideasowefoundedtheorganizationthatcametobeknownasLemonAide’sFriends，Inc.Wedesignedourorganizationtoremindpeoplefightingcancerthattherearepeoplewholoveandcareaboutthemallthetime.Todaywehavetotally5,013volunteers.Themoneyraisedisdonatedtocancerpatientswhodonothaveinsurance.ThephysiciansonourBoardofAdvisorsdeterminehowandwhereourmoneyisdonated.LemonAideisformen，women，andchildrenofallagesandtodatehasbeensentto34statesand33countriestoprovidesmilingsupportforpeoplefightingcancer.WhenlifegaveuslemonswemadeLemonAide，asoftsmilingtoythatrepresentslove，supportandencouragement.eq\x(语篇解读本文作者讲述了和朋友一起建立帮助癌症患者的公益组织的过程。)1.Theauthorwenttothehospitalwithherfriend.A.tooperateonLesaB.totreatherdiseaseC.toacpanyLesaD.tolookafterLemonAide答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段第一句的“anotherfriendandIwenttothehospitaltospendsometimewithher”可知，作者和朋友去医院看望Lesa并花时间陪伴她。故选C。2.Lesawasgivenasmalltoybecause.A.herepresentedherorganizationB.hecouldhelpweakenherpainC.shewouldthinkofherfriendsD.herfriendstriedtoforther答案D解析推理判断题。根据第一段的“WegaveLemonAidetoLesaandtoldherhewastogowithhertoallofhertreatmentstoremindherthatwewerethinkingofherandcaringabouthereventhoughwecouldnotalwaysbewithher.”可推知，作者和朋友买礼物送给Lesa是要安慰她。故选D。3.Itcanbeinferredthat.A.theauthorhadsufferedfromcancerB.LemonAidehadsufferedfromcancerC.LesahadrecoveredfromcancerD.LemonAidelearnedtolookaftertheauthor答案A解析推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“...whensomeoneelseneededhimshewouldpasshimalong.”和后文可知，Lesa说会把玩偶送给其他需要它的人，而令人意想不到的是这个人竟然是作者自己。后来作者和朋友一起建立了帮助癌症患者的公益组织。由此可推知，作者也曾患有癌症。故选A。4.Lesaandtheauthorformedanorganizationto.A.curecancer B.raisemoneyC.helpcancerpatients D.helptheirfriends答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Wedesignedourorganizationtoremindpeoplefightingcancerthattherearepeoplewholoveandcareaboutthemallthetime.Todaywehavetotally5,013volunteers.Themoneyraisedisdonatedtocancerpatientswhodonothaveinsurance.”可知，作者和朋友建立公益组织是为了帮助癌症患者。故选C。B(2017·广东培正中学高二月考)IcametostudyintheUnitedStatesayearago.YetIdidnotknowtherealAmericansocietyuntilIwasinjuredinacaraccidentbecauseaftertheaccidentIhadtoseeadoctorandgotocourt.Aftertheaccident，myroommatecalledadoctorforme.Iwasverygratefulanddeterminedtorepayhimoneday.Butthenextday，heaskedmetopayhim200forwhathehaddone.Iwasastonished.Hehadgoodreasontochargeme，hesaid.AndifIwantedtocollectmoneyfromthepersonwhowasresponsibleformyinjury，I’dhavetohaveagoodlawyer.Nowthathehadhelpedmefindagooddoctor，itwasonlyfairthatIshouldpayhim.ButeverydayIwenttoseethedoctor，Ihadtowaitabout50minutes.Hewouldseetwoorthreepatientsatthesametime，andoftenstoptreatingonesoastoseeanother.Yethechargedme115eachtime.Thefinalexaminationreportconsistedoftenlines，anditcostme215.Mylawyerwasallsmilesthefirsttimewemet.Butafterthatheavoidedseeingmeatall.Heknewverywelltheotherpartywasresponsiblefortheaccident，yethehardlydidanything.Hesimplywaitedtocollecthismoney.HewassoirresponsiblethatIdecidedtodismisshim.Andhemademepayhim770.NowIhadtoactasmyownlawyer.Duetomyinexperience，ItoldtheinsurancepanythedateIwasleavingAmerica.Knowingthat，theyplayedfortime...andIleftwithoutgettingacent.语篇解读作者在本文中讲述了自己在美国经历的一些事情，说明了在美国金钱比一切都重要。5.Theauthor’sroommateofferedtohelphimbecause.A.hefeltsorryfortheauthorB.hethoughtitwasachancetomakesomemoneyC.heknewthedoctorwasaverygoodoneD.hewantedtheauthortohaveagoodlawyer答案B解析推理判断题。从文章第二段内容可知，作者的室友帮助他，并向他索要报酬，由此可推知室友主动帮忙是因为他觉得这是一个赚钱的机会。6.Agoodlawyerisimportantfortheauthorto.A.beproperlytreatedB.talkwiththepersonresponsiblefortheaccidentC.recoverbeforeheleavesAmericaD.eventuallygettheresponsiblepartytopayforhisinjury答案D解析细节理解题。由第二段倒数第二句可知，如果作者想从肇事者那里得到赔偿费，他就得找一个好律师。D项与之相符合，故选D。7.Boththedoctorandthelawyerinthispassagearevery.A.friendly B.busyC.professional D.selfish答案D解析推理判断题。从文章第三段和第四段可知，医生和律师都是自私的人，他们只顾多赚钱而不认真履行职责。故答案为D项。8.Whatconclusioncanyoudrawfromthestory?A.GoingtocourtissomethingverymoninAmerica.B.Onemustbeverycarefulwhiledrivingacar.C.TherearemorebadsidesinAmericathangoodsides.D.MoneyismoreimportantthanotherthingsintheUSA.答案D解析推理判断题。从文章中作者描述的自己的经历来看，在美国金钱比一切都重要。故本题答案为D项。Ⅱ.七选五(2017·山西大同一中高二月考)TheWinner’sGuide