山东省泰安市东平县高级中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题

东平高级中学高一年级下学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.HowwillBarrygotothesupermarket?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Onfoot.2.WhatwillthewomandonextSundayafternoon?A.Holdadinnerparty.B.Gototheairport.C.ebackfromSingapore.3.Howdoestheboyfindthechemistryexam?A.Simple.B.Normal.C.Difficult.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atahotel.B.Inarestaurant.C.Onthestreet.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Atrip.B.Acity.C.Ajob.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whoofteneatsoutonweekdays?A.Peter.B.Lisa.C.David7.WhydoesLisararelyhavefriendsoverfordinner?A.Sheisnotgoodatcooking.B.Herapartmentistoosmall.C.Shehaslittlefreetime.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatsporthasKenplayedformanyyears?A.Soccer.B.Pingpong.C.Basketball.9.WhydidKendoaparttimejob?A.Tobuysportsequipment.B.Tosupporthisfamily.C.Topayforhisclasses.10.Whatdoesthegirlusuallydoonweekends?A.Climbmountains.B.Visithergrandparents.C.Learntoplaythepiano.听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。11.WhatwillBendobeforelong?A.Repairhishouse.B.Haveaneasyjob.C.Buyanewapartment.12.WhereisBen'snewworkplace?A.Nearatrainstation.B.Nearacollege.C.Neararestaurant.13.Whatwillthespeakerseattonight?A.Italianfood.B.Chinesefood.C.Frenchfood.14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Neighbors.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.Whatdidthewinnergetinlastyear'spetition?A.Awatch.B.Abike.C.Aputer.16.WhatdoesTinathinkoflastyear'spetition?A.Challenging.B.Beneficial.C.Boring.17.WhatdoesTinaadviseJimtodo?A.Attendthespeakingpetition.B.Preparewellforthetests.C.Trytolearnanewlanguage.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howdoesthespeakerusuallystarthisday?A.Bycheckingemails.B.Bydrinkingcoffee.C.Bylisteningtomusic.19.Whatdoesthespeakeroftendobeforelunch?A.Readmagazines.B.Teachmusic.C.Takeexercise.20.Whatqualitydoesthespeakerwanthisstudentstodevelop?AConfidence.B.Creativity.C.Patience.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThefollowingarefourgreatillustratedbiographies(插画传记)ofsignificanthistoricalfiguresforyoungreaders.WhoWasE.B.White?Today,mostpeoplerememberE.B.Whiteasthebelovedchildren’sauthorwhocreatedCharlotte’sWebandStuartLittle,butdidyouknowthatmostofhiscareerwasspentwritingformagazines?Hedreamedofwritingachildren’sbookaboutamouse,butittookyearsbeforethebookgotpublishedandbecametheclassicbookweknowandlovetoday.WhoWasCharlesSchulz?CharlesSchulzloveddrawingatanearlyage.Later,heturnedthishobbyintoasuccessfulcareer.Hisearlydrawingsofhisnaughtydogandashyboyinspiredtwoofhismostfamiliarandbelovedcharacters:CharlieBrownandSnoopy.Inthisbook,youcanlearnaboutnotonlyCharles’slifebutalsothestoryaboutthePeanutsgang.WhoWasJohnnyCash?JohnnyCashwasborntopoorcottonfarmersinAmerica.ThisbiographytakesusfromCash’sdifficultchildhoodtohismostfamousyearsasacountrymusiclegend.Hewonmanyawards,bothathomeandabroad.Thebookletsyoungreaderslearnabouteverystepinhisgroundbreakingmusicalcareer.WhoWasLeviStrauss?WhenLeviStrausswasyoung,helefthisfamily’sdrygoodsbusinessinNewYorkCitytojourneyoutwestfortheCaliforniaGoldRush.Duringhisstaythere,hedecidedtoprovidetheminerswithstrongclothestowearwhiletheyworkedinthedustyriverbeds.ThebookfollowsthejourneyofthisAmericanbusinessmanandtakesalookathowheandhisbluejeanschangedthefashionworldforever.1.WhatdoE.B.WhiteandCharlesSchulzhaveinmon?A.Theywerebothgoodatdrawing.B.Theybothcreatedafamousanimalcharacter.C.Theybothstartedbyworkinginthewritingfield.D.Theybothbecamewellknownonlyaftertheydied.2.WhatcanbelearnedaboutLeviStrauss?A.Hebecamesuccessfulintheclothingindustry.B.Heshowedgreatenthusiasmforstudyingriverbeds.C.Hecooperatedwithminerstododrygoodsbusiness.D.HeoftentookavacationinCaliforniainhischildhood.3.Whichofthefollowingsuitsmusicloversmost?A.WhoWasE. B.WhoWasLeviStrauss?C.WhoWasJohnnyCash? D.WhoWasCharlesSchulz?【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了为年轻读者准备的四本重要历史人物的插图传记。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hedreamedofwritingachildren’sbookaboutamouse,butittookyearsbeforethebookgotpublishedandbecametheclassicbookweknowandlovetoday.”（他梦想着写一本关于老鼠的儿童读物，但这本书花了很多年才出版，成为我们今天所知和喜爱的经典书籍。）以及第三段中“Hisearlydrawingsofhisnaughtydogandashyboyinspiredtwoofhismostfamiliarandbelovedcharacters:CharlieBrownandSnoopy.”（他早期画的顽皮的狗和一个害羞的男孩启发了他最熟悉和最喜爱的两个角色：查理·布朗和史努比。）可知，和CharlesSchulz的共同之处是：他们都创造了一个著名的动物角色。故选B【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“ThebookfollowsthejourneyofthisAmericanbusinessmanandtakesalookathowheandhisbluejeanschangedthefashionworldforever.”（这本书跟随这位美国商人的旅程，看看他和他的蓝色牛仔裤如何永远地改变了时尚界。）可知，他在服装业取得了成功。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Hewonmanyawards,bothathomeandabroad.Thebookletsyoungreaderslearnabouteverystepinhisgroundbreakingmusicalcareer.”（他赢得了许多奖项，在国内外。这本书让年轻读者了解他开创性音乐生涯中的每一步。）可知，JohnnyCash在音乐方面取得了瞩目的成绩。由此可知，WhoWasLeviStrauss?这本书最适合音乐爱好者。故选C。BMichaelYellowleessetofftopletea5,000milewalkacrossCanadainthespringof2021,wearingakilt(短褶裙）andcarryingafewitemsinahandcart,includingaguitar.The32yearoldmusicianfromDunkeld,Scotland,walkedfromtheshoresofthePacificOceantotheeastcoastofNewfoundlandontheedgeoftheNorthAtlanticwithhispetdog,Luna,anAlaskanhusky,byhisside.SpeakingabouttheScottishHighlands,MrYellowleessaid,"Itisabeautifullandscape,butwithastrongsenseofsadnessbecauseoftheabsenceofwoodland,wildlifeandpeople.SoIdecidedtowalkacrossthegreatwildernessesofCanadatoraisefundsforTreesforLife,aScottishrewildingcharity,anditsworktorestore(恢复）Scotland'sCaledonianForest.”Theenthusiasticwalkersharedsomeofhisexperiences,includingmeetingblackbearsandhearingwolvescryloudlyatnight.HealsomentionedamomentwhenhelostLunaaftershejumpedoutofalittleboatduringatripinthewaterwaysectionoftheTransCanadaTrailinNorthernOntario.YetMrYellowleeswasdeeplytouchedbythewarmthofthepeoplealongtheway.Ineverytownandvillage,peopleofferedhimfood,shelteranddonations.Andhewasacpaniedintotownsandcitiesbymarchingpipebandsandinterviewedbynewspapers,theradioandTV.SteveMicklewright,chiefexecutiveofficerofTreesforLife,said,“WefollowedMichael'sjourneyacrossCanadawithrespectandadmiration.RestoringnativehabitatsandwildlifetotheHighlandsisabigtaskthatnoonecandoalone.ButMichael'sextraordinaryjourneyisproofthatanindividualcanreallymakeadifference."BobDavidson,oneofMichaelYellowlees'friends,said,“Thisisnotaslowwalkinthepark,butalongmarchwithheavyequipmentontheroughroadatanincrediblepace.He'sanamazingguy.”4.WhydidMichaelstartthejourney?A.TospreadScottishcultureacrosstheworld.B.Tosupportanenvironmentalorganization.C.Tofindsomeinspirationforhisnewsongs.D.Todosomeresearchonendangeredanimals.5.AccordingtoParagraph3,Michael'sjourneyA.involvedgreatchallenges B.wasfullofexcitementandfunC.wastroubledbyhislackofpreparation D.oncemadehimregrethisdecision6.WhatismentionedinParagraph4?A.ManylocalswishedtojoinMichael.B.Michael'sstorywasmadeintoaTVseries.C.TheactionofMichaelattractedwideattention.D.Michaelmadedonationstopoorpeoplealongtheway.7.WhichofthefollowingmaySteveMicklewrightagreewith?A.Thosewhoaimhighcanworkmiracles.B.Itisnotwisetotakealongjourneyalone.C.TherestorationoftheHighlandsisnotasdifficultasexpected.D.Michael'sjourneyprovestheimportanceofgreatsurvivalskills.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是Michael独自穿越加拿大，在旅程的过程中困难重重。通过这次旅程来支持环保组织。该故事表明的是志存高远的人是可以创造奇迹的。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“SoIdecidedtowalkacrossthegreatwildernessesofCanadatoraisefundsforTreesforLife,aScottishrewildingcharity,anditsworktorestore(恢复）Scotland'sCaledonianForest.”（所以我决定徒步穿越加拿大的荒野，为苏格兰野生动物重返慈善机构生命之树筹集资金，以及它恢复苏格兰加里东尼亚森林的工作。）可知，Michael开启旅程的原因是为了支持环保组织。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theenthusiasticwalkersharedsomeofhisexperiences,includingmeetingblackbearsandhearingwolvescryloudlyatnight.”（这位热情的徒步者分享了他的一些经历，包括遇到黑熊和听到狼在夜里大叫。）可知，在旅程的过程中，遇到了诸多艰难险阻。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Andhewasacpaniedintotownsandcitiesbymarchingpipebandsandinterviewedbynewspapers,theradioandTV.”（他在行进的管乐队的陪同下进入城镇，接受报纸、广播和电视的采访。）可知，迈克尔的行为引起了广泛关注。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“ButMichael'sextraordinaryjourneyisproofthatanindividualcanreallymakeadifference.”（但迈克尔的非凡之旅证明了一个人真的可以做出改变。）可知，SteveMicklewright认为，恢复高地的原生栖息地和野生动物是一项艰巨的任务，没有人能独自完成。但是Michael做到了。所以他赞同的是志存高远的人可以创造奇迹。故选A。CGlitter(小发光物)iseverywhereoncolorfulholidaycards,onthehandicraftsyourchildmakesatschool,andinthecosmetics(化妆品)youwear.However,glittercanbethebaneofeveryparentandeveryprimaryschoolteacher.Beyondbeinghardtocleanup,it’salsomadeofpoisonousandunsustainablematerialsaccordingtoapressreleasefromtheUniversityofCambridge.Now,ateamofresearchersfromtheuniversityhavefoundanewwaytomakeglitterfromcellulose(纤维素)foundinplants,fruitsandvegetables.TheirfindingswerepublishedinthejournalNature.Thespecialfeatureofcellulosecanbendlightinsuchawayastocreatebrightcoloursthroughaprocesscalled“structuralcoloration”.Thesamephenomenonproducessomeofthebrightestcoloursinnature,suchasthoseofbutterflywingsandpeacockfeathers,andresultsincolourswhichdonotdieaway,evenafteracentury.“Traditionalglitterisproducedbyusingplastic,metalorevenmineral,andtheproductionprocessconsumesalotofenergy,”saidSilviaVignolini,thepaper’sseniorauthor.“Andtheglittercangetintothesoilandtheocean,whichleadstoanoveralllevelofpollution.Consumersarestartingtorealisewhileglitterisfun,italsocausesalotofproblems.”InEurope,thecosmeticsindustryusesabout5,500tonnesofmicroplasticseveryyear.Formanyyears,Vignolini’steamhasbeengettingcellulosefromwoodandtransformingitintoshiny,colourfulmaterialstobeusedincosmeticsandotherproducts.Actually,anytypeofplantmaterial,evenwasteproductslikefruitpeels,canbeused.Usingtechniqueswhichallowcellulosetoproducecolouredmaterials,theresearchersoftheteamsaythattheirmaterialscouldbeusedtoreplacetheplasticglitterandthemetalglitterthatarewidelyusedincosmetics.Accordingtotheresearchers,theglitteralternativecouldbeusedinalmostallthefieldswhereregularglittercanbefound.Theyevensaythatitcanbeaddedtofoodanddrinks.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thebaneof”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Thetoolof. B.Theprideof.C.Aheadachefor. D.Afavouritewith.9.WhatisafeatureofthenewglitteraccordingtoParagraph2?A.Itscolourislasting. B.Itcanstandextremeheat.C.Itcanevenbeusedforfarming. D.Itismadefromthewingsorfeathersofanimals.10.Paragraph4suggeststhecreationofVignolini’steam________.A.stillneedsplastictobeeshinyenoughB.bringsgreenmaterialstothecosmeticsindustryC.failstobewellacceptedintheEuropeanmarketD.ispartlyfundedbytheEuropeancosmeticsindustry11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.GlitterismoreharmfulthanwethinkB.ThecosmeticsindustryshoulduselessglitterC.RevolutionaryglittermaymakeabetterworldD.Anewtechnologycanmakeglittermoreaffordable【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了维尼奥里尼团队使用植物材料提取处的纤维素来替代广泛使用的有害的塑料闪粉和金属闪粉。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Glitter(小发光物)iseverywhereoncolorfulholidaycards,onthehandicraftsyourchildmakesatschool,andinthecosmetics(化妆品)youwear.(在五颜六色的节日贺卡上，在你孩子在学校做的手工艺品上，在你戴的化妆品上，小发光物随处可见)”及下文“Beyondbeinghardtocleanup,it’salsomadeofpoisonousandunsustainablematerialsaccordingtoapressreleasefromtheUniversityofCambridge.(根据剑桥大学的一份新闻稿，除了难以清理外，它还由有毒和不可持续的材料构成)”可知，这些小发光物随处可见，而且难以清理、还有毒，因此这对家长和老师来说，这是一件头疼的事情。由此推知，划线词组thebaneof与Aheadachefor(使人头痛)意思接近。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thesamephenomenonproducessomeofthebrightestcoloursinnature,suchasthoseofbutterflywingsandpeacockfeathers,andresultsincolourswhichdonotdieaway,evenafteracentury.(同样的现象产生了自然界中一些最鲜艳的颜色，比如蝴蝶翅膀和孔雀羽毛的颜色，产生的颜色即使在一个世纪后也不会消失)”可知，这款新亮片的一个特点是颜色能够持久很长时间。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Formanyyears,Vignolini’steamhasbeengettingcellulosefromwoodandtransformingitintoshiny,colourfulmaterialstobeusedincosmeticsandotherproducts.(多年来，维尼奥里尼的团队一直在从木材中提取纤维素，并将其转化为有光泽、色彩鲜艳的材料，用于化妆品和其他产品)”可知，维尼奥里尼团队为化妆品行业带来了绿色材料。故选B。【11题详解】根据第一段中“Glitter(小发光物)iseverywhereoncolorfulholidaycards,onthehandicraftsyourchildmakesatschool,andinthecosmetics(化妆品)youwear.(在五颜六色的节日贺卡上，在你孩子在学校做的手工艺品上，在你戴的化妆品上，小发光物随处可见)”及“Beyondbeinghardtocleanup,it’salsomadeofpoisonousandunsustainablematerialsaccordingtoapressreleasefromtheUniversityofCambridge.(根据剑桥大学的一份新闻稿，除了难以清理外，它还由有毒和不可持续的材料构成)”及下文陈述可知，这些小发光物随处可见，而且难以清理、还有毒，而维尼奥里尼团队通过新的方法提取植物中的纤维素制造健康的闪闪发光物，从而能够取代那些有毒的和不可持续的材料，让人们的生活更健康。由此可知，Revolutionaryglittermaymakeabetterworld(革命性的发光物可能会让世界变得更美好)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。DBlacktaxishavebeenamonsightinLondonfordecades.NowthesetaxisandtheirdrivershavebeethefocusofanewexplorationintoAlzheimer’s.Forthoseontheoutside,itmayseemthatbehindthewheeloftheseblacktaxisarejustregularpeoplewhohelpmoveustoourdestinations.ButhiddenwithintheirbrainsisamapofLondon’sstreetsthathasputGPStechnologytoshamefordecades.“TheKnowledge”,thetestforLondon’staxidrivers,standsamongthehardestmentalexaminationsonecouldeverundergo.Itinvolvesrecallinginformationrepeatedlyfromthememoryofminutedetailsaboutbetween25,000and56,000streetsinLondon,dependingonwho’stakingthetest,fromTrafalgarSquaretothetiniestresidentiallanes.Normally,thehippocampus(海马体)feelstheeffectsofAlzheimer’smost.UniversityCollegeLondonandAlzheimer’sResearchUKarestudyingthesetaxidrivers’brains,asithasbeenfoundthatthehippocampuscontrollingthebrain’sshorttermmemoryandspatialmemorysystemsisenlargedintheirbrains.Moreover,thetaxidrivers’hippocampicontinuetoenlargeastheygoondoingthejobformoreyears,suggestingthatperhapsthere’ssomethingwecandotoreproducetheeffectinthegeneralpopulation.LeadresearcherHugoSpierswaspartoftheteamwhich20yearsagofoundthat,likebirdsandsquirrels,thetaxidrivers’hippocampigraduallygotbigger.Indeed,researchhasfoundforyearsthatanyanimalthatrequiresadetailedspatialknowledgeoftheirterritory(领地)experiencesgrowthinthehippocampus.Spiers’teamhopestodealwithAlzheimer’sbystudyingthetaxidrivers’brains,sincethehippocampusbeessmallerwiththeprogressionofAlzheimer’s.Tocollectmoreinformationonthemechanismsthatcausethe“braingain”,SpiershasaskedthirtyofLondon’staxidriversconnectedtoanMRImachinetodrivearoundontheirroutes.Themachinewillallowtheresearcherstogatherrealtimeobservationsoftheworkingsofthehippocampus.“It’sbeenajoytohelpscientistsfightwiththedisease,”saidtaxidriverRobertLordan.12.Whatcanwesayabout“TheKnowledge”?AItlastsforafewminutesonly.B.ItisusuallyheldinLondon’sbusystreets.C.Itisagreatchallengetopeople’smemory.D.ItinvitessomeresidentsinLondontobejudges.13.Whathasbeenfoundaboutthetaxidrivers’hippocampi?A.Theyaremorelikelytobeharmed.B.Theygrowinthetaxidrivers’careers.C.Theybenefitfromdailymunicationmost.D.Theyarepooratcontrollingshorttermmemory.14.Whydoestheauthormentiontheresearchonanimals?A.Toimplythenewstudybenefitstheanimalkingdomaswell.B.Topointoutthatmorestudiesonanimals’brainsareneeded.C.Toshowanimals’hippocampiareverydifferentfromhumans’.D.Toprovetheuseofcertainknowledgeinfluencesbraindevelopment.15.TheresearchersobservethetaxidriverswithanMRImachineto_________.A.decidewhohasthelargesthippocampusB.knowhowAlzheimer’sdevelopsintheirbrainsC.findouthowtheirhippocampiperformatworkD.testwhetherthespecialmachineiseffective【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍在伦敦出租车和司机已经成为研究阿尔茨海默病的新焦点。在他们的大脑中隐藏着一张伦敦街道地图，几十年来，它让GPS技术相形见绌。这主要是他们大脑中的海马体会随着工作年限的延长而继续扩大。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itinvolvesrecallinginformationrepeatedlyfromthememoryofminutedetailsaboutbetween25,000and56,000streetsinLondon,dependingonwho’stakingthetest,fromTrafalgarSquaretothetiniestresidentiallanes.”（它涉及从伦敦25000到56000条街道的微小细节记忆中反复回忆信息，从特拉法加广场到最小的住宅小巷，具体取决于参加测试的人）可知，要从伦敦25000到56000条街道的微小细节记忆中反复回忆信息。由此可知，“TheKnowledge”这种测试这对人们的记忆力是一个很大的挑战。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Moreover,thetaxidrivers’hippocampicontinuetoenlargeastheygoondoingthejobformoreyears,suggestingthatperhapsthere’ssomethingwecandotoreproducetheeffectinthegeneralpopulation.”（此外，出租车司机的海马体会随着工作年限的延长而继续扩大，这表明也许我们可以做些什么来在普通人群中重现这种效应。）可知，海马体在出租车司机的职业生涯中成长。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Indeed,researchhasfoundforyearsthatanyanimalthatrequiresadetailedspatialknowledgeoftheirterritory(领地)experiencesgrowthinthehippocampus.”（事实上，多年来的研究已经发现，任何需要详细的领土空间知识的动物都会在海马体中生长。）推知，作者提到动物的研究是为了证明某些知识的长期使用会影响大脑的发育。故选D。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Tocollectmoreinformationonthemechanismsthatcausethe“braingain”,SpiershasaskedthirtyofLondon’staxidriversconnectedtoanMRImachinetodrivearoundontheirroutes.”（为了收集更多关于导致“大脑增长”的机制的信息，斯派尔斯要求30名连接了核磁共振成像仪的伦敦出租车司机在他们的路线上开车。）可知，Spiers使用MRImachine的目的是为了收集更多关于导致“大脑增长”的机制的信息即弄清楚他们的海马体是如何工作的。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenwateriscold,peoplewillfinditunfortabletoswim.Wetsuits(潜水服）canhelpkeeppeoplewarm.___16___Sowetsuitsareimportant.Inmanywatersports,youcanfindpeoplewearingthem.Thewetsuitdoesn'thavealonghistory.Accordingtostudies,thewetsuitonlybeganduringWWIIwhenItaliansstartedwearingwetsuitsthatweremadeofrubber.Anditwaswidelybelievedin1951,HughBradnerbeganworkingtoimprovetheequipment.___17___Nowtherearemanykindsofwetsuits.Contrarytowhatsomemaythink,wetsuitsdonotworkbykeepingthediver(潜水员）dry;theyaredesignedtoletwaterintothesuit.Thisthinlayerofwateristrapped（保存）betweenthediverandthesuit.Andit'sallowedtomovebetweentheskinofthediverandtheinsidelayer.___18___Anditcanhelpkeepthediverfortableduringthedivingprocess.That'swhyit'simportanttohaveanice,tightfitforawetsuit.___19___Theshorterwetsuitoftenprovidescoverforthemainpartofpeople'sbodies.Thiskindofwetsuitworkswellwithboating,waterskiing,swimming,etc.Alongerwetsuitcanpletelycoverthebody,includinglonglegs.Withmoreprotectionforthebody,itmaybeusedincoolweatherconditions.Wetsuitscanalsodifferinthickness.Theyrangefromabout0.5mmto8mminthickness.It'struethatthickerwetsuitsaremorelikelytoaffectyourmovement.___20___Generally,thecolderthewateryouplantodivein,thethickerthewetsuitshouldbe.A.Butthey'remuchbetteratgivingyouwarmth.B.Asforthedifference,wetsuitscandifferinsize.C.Thehistoryofthewetsuitisaninterestingstory.D.Thisledtothedevelopmentofakindofnewwetsuit.E.Manywetsuitsareverylightandeasytowearandtakeoff.F.Asaresult,thewatergraduallywarmsuptobodytemperature.G.Andtheycanprovideprotectionfromthesunandcutsfromrocks.【答案】16G17.D18.F19.B20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了潜水服的历史及特性。【16题详解】前文“Wetsuits(潜水服）canhelpkeeppeoplewarm”介绍了潜水服的功用，后文总结潜水服很重要，空格处承上启下，继续说明潜水服的功用。G选项“Andtheycanprovideprotectionfromthesunandcutsfromrocks.”（提供保护免于手头割伤与太阳的灼伤）。故正确答案为G。【17题详解】“HughBradnerbeganworkingtoimprovetheequipment”中“improve”与D选项中“development”相照应，HughBradner开始改善这种装备，从而带来了这种新型装备的发展。故答案为D。【18题详解】“it'sallowedtomovebetweentheskinofthediverandtheinsidelayer.”（水能够在肌肤与潜水服内层之间流动）会导致水的温度会逐渐同人体肌肤温度，结合下文“Anditcanhelpkeepthediverfortableduringthedivingprocess.”（它能让潜水员在潜水过程中感觉舒服。），故F选项“Asaresult,thewatergraduallywarmsuptobodytemperature.”(结果，水逐渐变暖到体温。)承上启下。故答案为F。【19题详解】本段中“longer”、“shorter”提示该段说明了潜水服的尺寸，并结合下一段的第一句“Wetsuitscanalsodifferinthickness”（潜水服厚度也不同。）可判断B选项“Asforthedifference,wetsuitscandifferinsize.”(至于不同，潜水服的大小也可能不同。)符合语境。故答案为B。【20题详解】根据前文“It'struethatthickerwetsuitsaremorelikelytoaffectyourmovement.”(较厚的可能会影响你的动作)，后文“Generally,thecolderthewateryouplantodivein,thethickerthewetsuitshouldbe”（通常，水越凉，越需要更厚的潜水服）可以判断越厚的潜水服越能保暖，故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ourneighborshadaloudpartylastnight.Weweren’tinvitedbutthiswasoneofthosecelebrationsthatIdidn’t____21____.Theyareabunchofyoung,singleguysandIwouldhavefeltoutofplace.What____22____mewasthewaytheybehaved.Oneoftheyoungmencameoverearlierinthedayto“warn”usoftheupingeventandsaiditwouldbeoveratabout11p.m.Thatwasthefirststep.Evenmore____23____waswhattheydidnext.“Here’smycellnumber,”offeredourneighbor____24____.“Textmeifit’stoonoisy.”Thatwasalevelof____25____Ihadneverexperiencedinallmyyearsofbeinganeighbor!Anditreallyworkedintheirfavor.MyhusbandandIwereso____26____thatevenwhentheeventwentpastthe____27____endtime,evenwhenthemusicreachedhighdecibels(分贝)，andevenwhenwecouldn’tgetthroughtothecellnumber,wefeltno____28____.Weknewtheywouldstopand____29____toiteventually.Ittakessuchlittleefforttomakepeoplefeelthatthey____30____andgetpeopleonyourside.Everyoneneedsto____31____everynowandthen,especiallyintheseuniquelytoughtimes.Butpeoplewhodoitwithout____32____othersarefewandfarbetween.Ihadn'tfully____33____myneighborsuntilthisweek.ButnowIseetheminanewlightandwithgreater____34____.Theydidn'tjustbringthenoisetotheneighborhood;theyshowedusagoodmannerof____35____inlife.21.A.explain B.fear C.mind D.forget22.A.impressed B.annoyed C.challenged D.scared23.A.worrying B.puzzling C.boring D.amazing24A.anxiously B.politely C.secretly D.shyly25.A.imagination B.trust C.consideration D.luck26A.friendly B.tired C.confident D.careful27.A.reliable B.published C.wasted D.promised28.A.regret B.relief C.anger D.pity29.A.respond B.contribute C.adapt D.prefer30.A.succeed B.matter C.change D.fail31.A.exercise B.study C.travel D.relax32.A.disturbing B.attracting C.embarrassing D.disappointing33.A.introduced B.weled C.noticed D.interviewed34.A.curiosity B.excitement C.pressure D.appreciation35.A.independence B.munication C.skillfulness D.forgiveness【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.C26.A27.D28.C29.A30.B31.D32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文为记叙文。讲述的是作者的邻居们在举办晚会之前，害怕打扰到作者，以一种礼貌的方式告知了作者一家人。让作者感悟的是邻居们体贴的行为不仅没给社区带来噪音；还向我们展示了生活中良好的沟通方式。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们没有被邀请，但这是我不介意的庆祝活动之一。他们是一群年轻的单身男人，我会觉得不自在。A.explain解释；B.fear恐惧；C.mind介意；D.forget忘记。根据后文的“theyareabunchofyoung,singleguysandIwouldhavefeltoutofplace.”可知，作者并不介意他们没有邀请作者。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我印象深刻的是他们的行为方式。A.impressed印象深刻；B.annoyed恼怒的；C.challenged挑战；D.scared害怕。根据空后“Oneoftheyoungmencameoverearlierinthedaytowarnusoftheupingeventandsaiditwouldbeoveratabout11p.m.Thatwasthefirststep.”可知，一个年轻人在举办活动之前，前来“警告”我们活动将在晚上11点左右结束。可知这样的行为使我印象深刻。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让我更惊讶的是他们接下来做的事情。A.worrying令人担心的；B.puzzling令人困惑的；C.boring无聊的；D.amazing令人吃惊的。根据下文的“Here’smycellnumber,offeredourneighbor____4____.Textmeifit’stoonoisy.”可知，邻居主动提供了自己的号码，告知作者如果声音过于吵闹的话，可以直接短信告知他。这样的邻居如此体贴是作者未想到的。因此这是让作者更吃惊的事。故选D。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是我的号。邻居礼貌地说。A.anxiously焦急地；B.politely礼貌地；C.secretly秘密地；D.shyly害羞地。根据后文“Thatwasalevelof____5____Ihadneverexperiencedinallmyyearsofbeinganeighbor!”可知邻居是非常体贴的，体现之处就在于邻居礼貌地把号码给了我。故选B。【25题详解】句意：这是我做邻居这么多年来从来没有经历过的体贴！A.imagination想象力；B.trust信任；C.consideration体贴；D.luck运气。根据前文的“Here’smycellnumber,offeredourneighbor____4____.Textmeifit’stoonoisy.”可知，邻居主动告知作者号码，并且如果觉得吵闹的话，作者可以发短信通知。体现出邻居的体贴。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和丈夫非常友好，即使活动超过了约定的结束时间，即使音乐达到了很高的分贝，即使我们打不通号码，我们也没有感到愤怒。A.friendly友好的；B.tired疲劳的；C.confident自信的；D.careful小心的。根据前文的“Anditreallyworkedintheirfavor.”可知，作者一家对于邻居的吵闹并没有感到愤怒，而是对其友好。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.reliable可靠的；B.published已发布的；C.wasted浪费的；D.promised承诺的，约定好的。根据前文的“itwouldbeoveratabout11p.m.”可知，邻居晚会活动结束的时间是约定好的时间。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.regret后悔；B.relief宽慰；C.anger愤怒；D.pity可怜。根据前文的“MyhusbandandIwereso____6____thatevenwhentheeventwentpastthe____7____endtime”可知，丈夫和我是非常友好的，即使到了约定的时间邻居们的活动没有结束，我们也没有生气。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们知道他们最终会停下来并做出回应。A.respond回应；B.contribute有助于；C.adapt适应；D.prefer更喜欢。根据前文的“Weknewtheywouldstop”可知，邻居们会停止晚会，并给出回应的。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：让人们觉得他们很重要，让人们站在你这边，只需要一点点努力。A.succeed成功；B.matter起作用；C.change改变；D.fail失败。根据后文并列的“getpeopleonyourside”可知，让人们能够站在你这一边，就是要让他们觉得自己很重要。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人都需要时不时地放松一下，尤其是在这种特别艰难的时刻。A.exercise锻炼；B.study学习；C.travel旅行；D.relax放松。根据前文的邻居们举办晚会，可知这是一次放松。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是这样做而不打扰别人的人很少。A.disturbing打扰；B.attracting吸引；C.embarrassing尴尬；D.disappointing失望。根据前文的“Textmeifit’stoonoisy.”可知，邻居举办晚会实际上害怕给作者带来吵闹。但是邻居们却主动告知我们。这样的邻居是很少见的。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到这个星期我才完全注意到我的邻居们。A.introduced介绍；B.weled欢迎；C.noticed注意到；D.interviewed面试。根据后文的“ButnowIseetheminanewlightandwithgreater____14____.”可知，我之前没有注意过我的邻居。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现在，我对他们有了新的认识，也更加欣赏了。A.curiosity好奇心；B.excitement兴奋；C.pressure压力；D.appreciation感激。根据前文的“ButnowIseetheminan