英语前缀后缀词根大全

词汇篇

课堂精讲笔记

请大家注意：每一组单词都蕴含着一个庞大的词汇知识体系！

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一、表示方位的前缀

1\pre-/pro-前

predict

propose

progress

prospect

串词造句：

Theheadmasterproposesthatifyoupredictabrightprospect,youshould

makeprogressfirst.

校长建议：如果你想预测一个光明的前景，你要先取得进步。

真题链接：

WhenpeopIeindevelopingcountriesworryaboutmigration,theyare

usuallyconcernedattheprospectoftherbestandbrightestdeparture

toSiIiconValleyortohospitalsanduniversitiesinthedeveloped

world,(2013)

2、fore前

before

foreteII

forehead

foremost:firstandforemost

forearm

1

foreground,background

真题链接：mostwiveswanttheirhusbandstobefirstandforemost

conversationaIpartnersbutfewhusbandssharethisexpectationoftheir

wives.

3.post-后

postwar

postpone

postgraduate:

扩展：

4.re-

含义一：再，又：

repeat

reteII

含义二：反方向，回

return

reduce

retreat

5.super-上，超级

superman

supermarket

supervisor

superficiaI

串词成句：

Thesupermanreckonedthesupervisorofthesupermarketverysuperficial.

2

超人认为超市的督导很肤浅。

6.hyper-：在上面的，超出的

hypertension

hypercritical

hyperscope潜望镜

补充：telescope,microscope

7.sub-：下,下面的

subwaysuburb----

urbansubmarine

substitute

串词成句：

Inthesuburb,thereissubwayunderthegroundjustasthereare

submarinesunderthesea.

在郊区地下面有地铁就如同海下有潜水艇。

8.under-在...以下，过少的

underground

underestimate

underdeveIoped

串词成句：

Wecan5tunderestimatethevaIueoftheunderdevelopedcountry.

9.in-/im-/intro-/intra:在里面

incIude----excIude----excIusive

importexport

introduce

3

intrastate

Income

扩展：

paysalary,wage,

pensionbonuscommission（佣金）

freefeetip

interestprofitcapital

aIIowancecompensation

真题链接：

Today,wearemuchmorerigidaboutimmigrants.Wedividenewcomersinto

twocategories:legaIorillegal,goodorbad.

10.ex-:出...，在・・,外面

export

exit

11.dis-：

1否定前缀：不；disIike,dishonest,disappear

Ifyoulookhardenough,you'IIfindthatmanyoftheproductswe

useeveryday一chewinggums,skinmoisturizers,disinfectingwipes,air

fresheners,waterpurifiers,healthsnacks,antiperspirants,（止;干齐U）

teethwhiteners,fabricsofteners,vitamins—areresultsof

manufacturedhabits.

2、分开，远离：diseasedistributedispose

Manproposes,Goddisposes.

二、表示否定的前缀

4

12.dis-同上

13.un-:unhappyunknownunlockthesecret

14.in-/im-/iH/ir-

invisibleinfamous

impossibIeimmature

iIIegaI

irreguIar

15.anti-反...的、抗…的

antiwar

anticancer

antibiotic

anti-theft

anti-water

16.contra-/contro-相反

counter

contradict

contrast

contrary:onthecontrary

controversial

真题链接

ThesehabitshaveheIpedcompaniesearnbiIIionsofdollarswhen

customerseatsnacks,appIyIotionsandwipecountersalmostwithout

thinking,ofteninresponsetoacarefullydesignedsetofdailycues.

(2010-Text3)

三、描述性前缀

5

17、bon-/bene-：好的=welI

bonus

benefit

beneficiaI

真题链接：2012-text-3

Butforthemostpart,thesebenefitsseemthin,uncertain,andfaroff.

InTheMoraIConsequencesofEconomicGrowth,theeconomichistorian

BenjaminFriedmanarguesthatbothinsideandoutsidethe.,lengthy

periodsofeconomicstagnationordecIinehaveaImostaIwaysIeftsociety

moremean-spiritedandlessinclusive,andhaveusuaIIystoppedor

reversedtheadvanceofrightsandfreedoms.

18.maI-坏的

maInutrition

maltreat--abuse----spoiI

malediction

19.mis_坏的

mistake

misstep

misunderstand

misfortune

20.co-/com-/con-/cor-/coI-共同

cooperator

compromise

confirm

corruption

6

correspond

21.Homo-

homosexuaI

homogeneous

22.inter-之间

interchange

internet

interfere

Interrupt

23.trans-经过

transport

transform

24.auto-

autobiography

automobiIe

automate

真题复现：

Inanessayentitled“MakingItinAmerica”,theauthorAdamDavidson

relatesajokefromcottonaboutjusthowmuchamoderntextiIemiIIhas

beenautomated:TheaveragemiIIonIytwoempIoyeestoday,namanand

adog.Themanistheretofeedthedogistheretokeepthemanawayfrom

themachines.(2013-Text1)

overthepastdecade,manycompanieshadperfectedtheartofcreating

automaticbehaviors一habits一amongconsumers.(2010-Text3)

7

学以致用

练习

1.composeimposeexposepropose

disposesupposeoppose

词义分析：

8

小试牛刀:

pressureonthejudge

youareright,IwiIIfollowyourproposaI.

Man,God.

Diamondisofcarbon.

ThetruthfinallywastothepubIic.

2.abstractcontractattractsubtractdistractextract

词义分析：

小试牛刀：

theofthethesis

Thetwocompaniessigneda

one5sattention

orangejuice

depressexpressimpressoppresssuppress

词义分析：

9

小试牛刀:

one'sopinion

ThecIeverchildmedeeply.

Therichalwaysthepoorintheoldsociety.

therebelIion

Theeconomicisingreat

词汇篇二

表示数字的前缀

semi/hemi-：半

demiconductor

10

hemisphere

hemicycle

semiannuaI

semifinaI

semitropicaI

monopoly

mono-Iog

monotonous

一个

solo：soloconcertsole:

thesolesurvivor

solitary

单一

uniform

uniIateraI

universaI

unanimous

unicorn

di-du-：两个

bicycle

biIinguaI

diIemma

dipIoma

11

dueI

dupIicate

trieyeIe

triangle

tribe

四

quarter

quadrupIe

十

decade

decimal

百；kiIo一千；miIIi一千

centimeter

kilogram

kiIometer

millimeter

大范围的，宏观的

macroeconomics

macroscopic

macrocosm（cosmos宇宙）

大的，百万的

12

megaphone

megabyte

mega-city

:小的

microwave

microscope

micro-soft

13.multi-多的

multimedia

multiply

multiform

补充：

二hand手工的，体力的

manuaI

manuscript

manufacture

常用词根

二do,act做，动

agent

agency

agenda----ontheagenda

13

=hear听；声音的

audience

audition听觉

audible

CoryBookerwhobecamemayor13monthsagowithamissiontorevitaIize

thecity,beIievesthesurveiIlance（监视）programwiIIbetheIargest

cameraandaudionetworkinanyAmericancity.

ced/cess=go彳5^

proceed

precede----preceding----precedent---precedented---unprecedented

exceed一一excess-excessive

exceedthespeedIimit

anexcessofviolenceinthefilm

excessiveviolence

2007年真题

10.LightninghasbeenthesecondIargeststormkillerintheUSoverthe

past40yearsandisonIybyflood.

AexceededBexcelledCexcIudedDextended

4.cept=take拿、取

except----exception----exceptionaI

accept---acceptance----acceptabIe

2007年阅读真题

theauthor45*B.sview,manyendangeredIanguagesare.

A.remarkablyweII-keptinthismodernworId

B.exceptionaIIypowerfultoolsofcommunication

C.quitepossibIetoberevivedinsteadofdyingout

D.auniquewayofbringingdifferentgroupstogether

14

5.cid,cis=cut/kill切，杀

decide一一decision--decisive---indecisive

coneise

precise

2009年真题

'sbookisparticularlyvaluableinthatit.

IittIeuseofmanagementterms

variousstudiesconeiseIy

asanexitforleadershipresearchers

amodelforcontemporarycorporateleaders

6.claim,cIam二cry,shout喊叫

acclaim

excIaim---excIamation

procIaim---procIamation

2008年真题theIOCinrecentyearshasaIsotakeninto_33_thehost

city'stimezone.

A.amountB.accountC.accordD.

acclaim

7.clar=clear清楚，明白

decIare

clarity

Clarify

8.cIud/cIus=close（关闭）

incIude-incIusion-inclusive

excIude一一excIusive--excIusion一一excIusionism

coneIude——conclusion:inconeIusion

15

accord---accordance---accordingto

9.di/div-分开

divide----division

divorce

dividend股息，红利

10.cred=believe,trust相信，信任

credit：oncredit

credible-------incredible

creduIous----increduIous

练习

1.introduceinducededucereduceproduce

2.attributecontributedistribute

3.evoIveevolutioninvoIverevoIve

overpasscompassbypasssurpass

16

常用后缀

,ible(adj)可…的，能…的

readable

sensible

(adj)具有…性质的，如…的

personaI

regional

ruraI

3.al(n)表动作，人，事物

proposaI

professionaI

criminal

hospital

17

refusaI

ent(n)表人，物，行为

appIicant

assistant

correspondent

president

(n)表性质，状态，行为

freedom

wisdom

(n)表动作的承受者

empIoyee

trainee

(n)从事…的人

pioneer

voIunteer

(n)物品，机器

washer

Iighter

boiIer

(v)使变成

harden

shorten

soften

strengthen

en(adj)有…质的，似…的

golden

wooIen

9.ess(adj)表女性，雌性

hostess

actress

(adj)充满…的，具有…性质的

cupfuI

fearfuI

表身份，状况，性质

18

neighborhood

manhood

（V）使成…，使…化

magnify

purify

,tion表情况，状态，性质，行为

fashion

decision

似…的，有…的

selfish

chiIdish

表示...主义，行为，…学，…派

reaIism

tourism

fataIism

modernism

从事…工作的人

sociaIist

dentist

有…性质的，有…作用的，属于…的

protective

productive

active

,ise,yze,yse以…方式对待，…化

reaIize

anaIyze

modernize

19.fearIess

useless

20.Iike有…性质的，像…的

dreamlike

humanIike

学科

bioIogy

19

technology

表行为，状态，性质

movement

management

表状态，性质

darkness

kindness

,充满…的

dangerous

famous

表状况，状态，身份，技艺，技能

hardship

doctorship

workmanship

像…的，引起…的

troubIesome

lonesome

表示人

youngster

gangster

(s)表方向

upward(s)outward(s)

思考：able；ful;tive;ous均可做形容词后缀，如何区别

练习

1.respectabIerespectfuIrespective

2imaginableimaginaryimaginative

20

3credibIecreduIouscredibiIity

4.sensiblesensitive

学谚语，记单词

1.Afallinthepit,againinyourwit.

sweetwithoutsweat.

thereisawillthereisaway.

hurts,modestybenefits

wasnotbuiltinaday.

heIpsthosewhoheIpthemseIves.

haste,lessspeed.

begunishaIfdone.

istheparentofsuccess.

mindsthinkaIike.

makesperfect.

sparrowcannotunderstandtheambitionofaswan.

andtidewaitnoman.

youngidler,anoldbeggar.

whiletheironishot.

venture,notinggain.

neverrainsbutitpours.

proposes,Goddisposes.

21

pain,nogain.

toadvanceistogoback.

21.AlIthatglittersisnotgold.

there'soppressionthere*sresistance.

isthekeytosuccess.

isthepoisonoffriendship.

IaughsbestwhoIaughslast.

reveaIsgenius,fortuneconceaIsit.

词汇精讲

1.evoIveinvoIverevoIve

2.consistpersistinsistassist

3.informperformconformreform

4.bankruptcorruptinterrupteruptdisrupt

5.describeprescribesubscribemanuscript

22

6.assumeresumeconsumepresume

7.incIudeexcIudeconeIude

8.claimaccIaimexcIaimreclaimprocIaim

9.attaincontainobtainretainentertainsustainmaintain

detain

10occurrecurincur

11.affecteffectinfectdefectperfect

12.distinguishextinguishdistinetextinetinstinet

23

13.precedeproceedrecedeconcede

形近词

1.adaptadoptadjust

2.accessassessasset

3.outbreakoutputoutcom