人教版中考英语语法：初中英语

英语学案之宾语从句

1.在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也

可做介词的宾语。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)

HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(动词宾语)

MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)

2.宾语从句的引导词有三类：

(1)以that引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导句形式的宾语从句，that可以省

略。eg,Theradiosays(that)thecloudswillliftlateron.

Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.

⑵以连接代词which,what,who等或连接副词how,where,why等引导的宾

语从句，从句是陈述语序eg,Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematterwithu?

Iwanttoknowhowsoonitwillbegin.

(3)以whether或if引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑

问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序

eg,Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.

3.宾语从句的时态

(1)当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时，从句可用

所需要的任何时态。eg,Iwanttoknowwhattimehegotupthismorning.

Youaretellingmethatyouwon'tstopuntiltomorrow?

(2)当主句为一般过去时态时，从句要用于过去有关的时态。

egjheyaskedwhatJeanwasdoingnow.

Lindasaidthatthetrainhadleft.

⑶当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时，宾语从句要使用一般现在时。

eg,Lisaaskedwhetherlighttravelsfasterthansound.

Pollysaidnonewsisagoodnews

注意：一般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外。

1.当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用if

eg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepinic.

2.引导词与动词不定式或not连用时、只用whether.

eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.

Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot?

3.if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.

eg,Youcan'tworktheplanoutifyoudon'thavethemeeting.

例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！

1.Theteacheraskedthestudents.

A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinborn

C.whattheywilldowiththecomputersD.howmanytreestheyhave

planted

解析：宾语从句中从句应保持陈述语序，答案B首先删去，主句一般过去式,

从句要用于过去有关的时态，删去答案C和D,答案A中的if意为如果.

应选A

2.Couldyoutellme?

A.whatthematteriswithyouB.whatwasthematterwithyou

C.hat'sthematterwithyouD.what'sthewrongwithyou.

解析：what就是从句的主语，what'sthematterwithyou本身就是陈述语

序，因此删掉A;主句可看作是委婉的请求，并是一般过去式，可删去答案B;

wrong前不用加the,因此此题选C.

3.HeaskedmeIcouldsingthesong"MyHeartwillGoOn."

A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.that

解析：此句应选含有疑问意思的关系代词，故删去D；weather意为天气，

根据句意应选A.

4.Ourteachertoldusthatthemoonroundtheearth.

A.wentB.turnedC.goD.turns

解析：从句是一个客观真理，因此从句的时态不受主句影响。应选D

5.Itmakesnodifference.

A.whetherwillyoucometomorrow.

B.Whetherornotwillbepasstheexam

C.Ifhewillcometothemeetingornot

D.Whetherhewillcometothemeetingornot

解析：答案A和B从句不是陈述语序先删掉,if不能与not连用。因此此题选

D

6.Theydon'tknowtheirparentsare.

A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which

解析：what表示职业，因此选B.

7.1amsureyousaidistrue.

A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who

解析：根据句意应用what,做said的内容，你所说的话。应选A.

8.Theoldmantoldusand.

A.todowhat,todohowB.whattodoit,howtodoit

C.whattodo,howtodoitD.whattodo,howtodo

解析：疑问词what即连接不定式，又做do的宾语；而在how引导的不定

式短语中，how表示方式，do为及物动词，因此需接宾语才正确

应选C

练习与巩固：1.一DoyouknowwhentheWorldCupnextweek?

---NextFriday.Whenit,Iwillringyou.

A.begins,beginsB.begins,willbeginC.willbegin,willbeginD.will

begin,begins

2.---Todayortomorrow?

---Whatareyoutalkingabout?

---WearetalkingabouttogiveatalkonWTO.

A.howB.whereC.whenD.what

3.1wonder.

A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelive

C.heliveswhereD.wherehelives

4.---Areyousureyouhaveto?It'sbeenverylate.

---1don'tknowIcandoitifnotnow.

A.whereB.whyC.whenD.how

5.---Wouldyoupleasetellme?

---InasmallvillagenearNiingbo.

A.wherewasyourmotherbornB.whereyourmotherwasborn

C.whenwasyourmotherbornD.whenyourmotherwasborn

6.Thephotographwillshowyou.

A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslike

C.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike

7.---Canyouguessiftheytoplaybasketballwithus?

---1thinkthey'llcomeiftheyfree.

A.willcome,willbeB.willcome,areC.come,areD.

come,willbe

8.—Wheredoeshecomefrom?

---Pardon?

---1askedwhere.

A....didhecomefromB.hecamefrom

C.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom

9.Shewondered.

A.howmuchhecostthecomputerB.howmuchhepaidfor

t