2025版高考英语一轮总复习专题十二猜测词义习题

专题十二揣测词义5年高考题组一记叙文Passage1(2024全国甲,C)话题:人际关系与社会交往难度:中词数:356WhenIwas9,wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrow,LondononagrayJanuarymorning.Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue-skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.Ilovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdontworryaboutit.Once,whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam(横杆),Ifellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup:Safe,man.Safe.Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:“Safe!Safe!Safe!”Andthatswhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.WhenIwas15,myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere,butthelocalswerefarlesswelcoming.Withinacoupleofyears,Idgivenitup.WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004,IfoundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank,spendinghoursthere.Ivetraveledbackseveraltimessince,mostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywascoldbutclear;touristsandLondonersstoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving(穿梭)amongthekidswhorushedbyontheirboards,Ifoundmywaytothebeam.Thenarail-thinteenager,inabaggywhiteT-shirt,skidded(滑)uptothebeam.Hesatnexttome.Heseemednottonoticethemannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances.“Iwasalocalhere20yearsago,”Itoldhim.Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead.“Safe,man.Safe.”“Yeah,”Isaid.“Safe.”1.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorsoonafterhemovedtoLondon?A.Hefeltdisappointed.B.Hegaveuphishobby.C.Helikedtheweatherthere.D.Hehaddisagreementswithhisfamily.2.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“Safe!Safe!Safe!”probablymean?A.Becareful!B.Welldone!C.Noway!D.Dontworry!3.WhydidtheauthorliketospendtimeinSouthbankwhenhereturnedtoLondon?A.Tojointheskateboarding.B.Tomakenewfriends.C.Tolearnmoretricks.D.Torelivehischildhooddays.4.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?A.Childrenshouldlearnasecondlanguage.B.Sportisnecessaryforchildrenshealth.C.Childrenneedasenseofbelonging.D.Seeingtheworldisamustforchildren.答案[语篇解读]作者讲解并描述了自己通过滑板运动与伦敦当地的爱好者沟通、互动的故事。1.A2.B3.D4.CPassage2(2024课标全国Ⅰ,B)话题:老师与学生难度:中词数:329ForCanaanElementaryssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.,todayisspeechday,andrightnowitsChrisPalaezsturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthesnervous.“Imheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould...should...”Christripsonthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“...Votefor...me...”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstartedlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls(回想起)howatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.“Ittakesalotforanystudent,”Whaleyexplains,“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,‘Idontknow,butIwanttoknow.’”Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.“Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”1.WhatmadeChrisnervous?A.Tellingastory.B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingatest.D.Answeringaquestion.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inparagraph2referto?A.Improperpauses.B.Badmanners.C.Spellingmistakes.D.Sillyjokes.3.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaleysprojectisto.

A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsB.assessstudentspublicspeakingskillsC.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD.inspirestudentsloveforpolitics4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A.Humorous.B.Ambitious.C.Caring.D.Demanding.答案[语篇解读]文章讲解并描述了Whaley老师关爱学生,激励学生发觉自己的优点,增加自信的故事。1.B2.A3.A4.CPassage3(2024课标全国Ⅱ,B)话题:志愿服务难度:中词数:338“Youcanusemeasalastresort(选择),andifnobodyelsevolunteers,thenIwilldoit.”ThiswasanactualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykidslacrosse(长曲棍球)club.Iguessthattheresprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtugattheheartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsarentevenon...Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,“Alright.Yes,Illdoit.”

ImsecretlyrelievedbecauseIknowtheresrealpowerinsharingvolunteerresponsibilitiesamongmany.Theunwillingparentorganizesthemealschedule,sendsoutemails,andcollectsmoneyforend-of-seasongifts.Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.Thecoachisabletofocusonthekidswhiletheotherparentsarerelievedtobeoffthehookforanotherseason.Handingoutslicedorangestobloodthirstykidscanbeasexcitingaswatchingyourownkidscoreagoal.Still,mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeoplekeepcomingbackformore:Connectingtothecommunity(社区)asyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservicesprovidesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.Inthatsense,ImprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanIdfreelyliketoadmit.However,ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies?1.Whatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinparagraph1?A.Sheknowslittleabouttheclub.B.Sheisntgoodatsports.C.Shejustdoesntwanttovolunteer.D.Shesunabletomeetherschedule.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstrings”inparagraph2mean?A.Encourageteamwork.B.Appealtofeelings.C.Promotegooddeeds.D.Provideadvice.3.Whatcanwelearnabouttheparentfromparagraph3?A.Shegetsinterestedinlacrosse.B.Sheisproudofherkids.C.Shellworkforanotherseason.D.Shebecomesagoodhelper.4.Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork?A.Itgivesherasenseofduty.B.Itmakesherveryhappy.C.Itenableshertoworkhard.D.Itbringshermaterialrewards.答案[语篇解读]文章记述了作者请一位家长做志愿者的故事。1.C2.B3.D4.BPassage4(2024浙江,B)话题:和善与怜悯心难度:中词数:306Moneywithnostringsattached.Itsnotsomethingyouseeeveryday.ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth,aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread,“GiveWhatYouCan,TakeWhatYouNeed.”

Peoplequicklycaughton.Andwhilemanytookdollars,manyotherspinnedtheirowncashtotheboard.“Peopleofallages,races,andsocio-economic(社会经济的)backgroundsgaveandtook,”saidTylerBridgesofTheToolbox,whichcreatedtheproject.“Weevenhadabrideinherweddingdresscomeuptotheboardandtakeafewdollars.”Mostofthebillsontheboardweresingles,butafewpeopleleftfives,tensandeventwenties.Thevideoclip(片段)showsonemanwhohadfounda$20billpinningittotheboard.“WhatIcansayforthefolksthatgavethemost,isthattheywerefullofsmiles,”Bridgessaid.“Theresacertainfeelingthatgivingcandoforyouandthatwasapparentinthosethatgavethemost.”Mostpeoplewhotookdollarstookonlyafew,butBridgessaidaverysmallnumbertookasmuchastheycould.Whiletheclipmightlooklikepartofanewadcampaign,Bridgessaidtheonlygoalwastoshowgenerosityandsympathy.HeaddedthathehopespeopleinothercitiesmighttrysimilarprojectsandposttheirownvideosontheInternet.“Afterall,everyonehasbaddaysandgooddays,”hesaid.“Somedaysyouneedahelpinghandandsomedaysyoucanbetheonegivingthehelpinghand.”1.Whatdoestheexpression“moneywithnostringsattached”inparagraph1mean?A.Moneyspentwithouthesitation.B.Moneynotlegallymade.C.Moneyofferedwithoutconditions.D.Moneynottiedtogether.2.WhatdidBridgeswanttoshowbymentioningthebride?A.Womentendedtobemoresociable.B.Theactivityattractedvariouspeople.C.Economicproblemsweregettingworse.D.Youngcouplesneededfinancialassistance.3.WhydidBridgescarryouttheproject?A.Todoatestonpeoplesmorals.B.Toraisemoneyforhiscompany.C.Toearnhimselfagoodreputation.D.Topromotekindnessandsympathy.答案[语篇解读]文章讲解并描述了TylerBridges在洛杉矶发起的一项展示人性和善和怜悯心的测试活动。1.C2.B3.DPassage5(2024课标全国Ⅲ,D)话题:家庭生活难度:中词数:304Adultsunderstandwhatitfeelsliketobefloodedwithobjects.Whydoweoftenassumethatmoreismorewhenitcomestokidsandtheirbelongings?ThegoodnewsisthatIcanhelpmyownkidslearnearlierthanIdidhowtolivemorewithless.

Ifoundthepre-holidaysagoodtimetoencourageyoungchildrentodonateless-usedthings,anditworked.Becauseofourefforts,ourdaughterGeorgiadiddecidetodonatealargebagoftoystoalittlegirlwhosemotherwasunabletopayforherholidayduetoillness.Shechosetosellafewlargerobjectsthatwerelessoftenusedwhenwepromisedtoputthemoneyintoherschoolfund(基金)(ourkindergartendaughterisseriousaboutbecomingadoctor).Forweeks,Ivebeenthinkingofbigger,deeperquestions:Howdowemakeitahabitforthem?Andhowdowetrainourselvestohelpthemlivewith,need,anduseless?Yesterday,Isatwithmyson,Shepherd,determinedtotestmyowntheoryonthis.Idecidedtoplaywithhimwithonlyonetoyforaslongasitwouldkeephisinterest.Iexpectedthatonetoywouldkeephisattentionforaboutfiveminutes,tenminutes,max.Ichosearedrubberball—simple,universallyavailable.Wepassedit,hetriedtoputitinhismouth,hetriedbouncingit,rollingit,sittingonit,throwingit.Itwastotally,completelyenoughforhim.BeforeIknewitanhourhadpassedanditwastimetomoveontolunch.Webothbecameabsorbedinthesimplicityofplayingtogether.HehadmyfullattentionandIhadhis.Mylittleexperimenttofindjoyinasingleobjectworkedforbothofus.1.Whatdothewords“moreismore”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Themore,thebetter.B.Enoughisenough.C.Moremoney,moreworries.D.Earnmoreandspendmore.2.WhatmadeGeorgiaagreetosellsomeofherobjects?A.Savingupforherholiday.B.Raisingmoneyforapoorgirl.C.Addingthemoneytoherfund.D.Givingthemoneytoasickmother.3.WhydidtheauthorplaytheballwithShepherd?A.Totryoutanidea.B.Toshowaparentslove.C.Totrainhisattention.D.Tohelphimstartahobby.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TakeItorLeaveItB.ALessonfromKidsC.LiveMorewithLessD.ThePleasureofGiving答案[语篇解读]作为成年人我们都理解身边用不到的东西太多给我们的感觉,但是我们却认为我们的孩子拥有的东西越多越好。我在自己的孩子身上做了一个试验,证明白拥有更少的东西能生活得更好。1.A2.C3.A4.CPassage6(2017课标全国Ⅱ,B)话题:友情难度:中词数:289IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidntwantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idontknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionoftheaterandliveTV.Wewererespectfulofcraft(技艺)andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.BothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthataretypicalofAmericanactors:humorous,aggressive,andmakingfunofeachother—butalwayswithanunderlyingaffection.Thosewerealsoatthecore(核心)ofourrelationshipoffthescreen.Wesharedthebeliefthatifyourefortunateenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback—hewithhisNewmansOwnfoodandhisHoleintheWallcampsforkidswhoareseriouslyill,andmewithSundanceandtheinstituteandthefestival.PaulandIdidntseeeachotherallthatregularly,butsharingthatbroughtustogether.Wesupportedeachotherfinanciallyandbyshowingupatevents.Ilastsawhimafewmonthsago.Hedbeeninandoutofthehospital.HeandIbothknewwhatthedealwas,andwedidnttalkaboutit.Ourswasarelationshipthatdidntneedalotofwords.1.Whywasthestudiounwillingtogivetheroletotheauthoratfirst?A.PaulNewmanwantedit.B.Thestudiopowersdidntlikehisagent.C.Hewasntfamousenough.D.Thedirectorrecommendedsomeoneelse.2.WhydidPaulandtheauthorhavealastingfriendship?A.Theywereofthesameage.B.Theyworkedinthesametheater.C.Theywerebothgoodactors.D.Theyhadsimilarcharacteristics.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?A.Theirbelief.B.Theircareforchildren.C.Theirsuccess.D.Theirsupportforeachother.4.Whatistheauthorspurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowhisloveoffilms.B.Torememberafriend.C.Tointroduceanewmovie.D.Tosharehisactingexperience.答案[语篇解读]本文讲解并描述了作者与闻名演员保罗·纽曼的友情。文章内容包括:两个人最初相识的情景(第一段),友情的基础(其次段),两人成名后以实际行动回报社会(第三段),回忆与保罗最终见面的情景(第四段)。1.C2.D3.A4.B题组二说明文Passage1(2024全国乙,B)话题:科技发展与信息技术创新难度:中词数:333Whenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingforalandline(座机)?ThesedaysyoudbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesntownamobilephone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter(29%)relyonlyontheirsmartphones,accordingtoasurvey(调查).OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatitsnotreallynecessaryandtheyrekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallyafactor(因素)—only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswhoveperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisnttheonlyfactor;Idsayitsalsotodowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthephone(usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit).Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?1.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?A.Theirtargetusers.B.Theirwidepopularity.C.Theirmajorfunctions.D.Theircomplexdesign.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concede”inparagraph3mean?A.Admit.B.Argue.C.Remember.D.Remark.3.WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?A.Theylikesmartphonegames.B.Theyenjoyguessingcallersidentity.C.Theykeepusinglandlinephones.D.Theyareattachedtotheirfamily.4.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?A.Itremainsafamilynecessity.B.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.C.Itmayincreasedailyexpenses.D.Itisasimportantasthegaslight.答案[语篇解读]文章介绍了在几乎人人都有手机的今日,为什么超过一半的澳大利亚家庭仍旧保留着座机。1.B2.A3.C4.BPassage2(2024新高考Ⅰ,C)话题:自然爱护难度:中词数:305WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat(栖息地).In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct(Act),anincreasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory(迁徙的)waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N.“Ding”Darling,apoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoines,Iowa,whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.1.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?A.Lossofwetlands.B.Popularityofwatersports.C.Pollutionofrivers.D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate”meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Acquire.B.Export.C.Destroy.D.Distribute.3.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?A.Thestamppricehasgonedown.B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting.D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheFederalDuckStampStoryB.TheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystemC.TheBenefitsofSavingWaterfowlD.TheHistoryofMigratoryBirdHunting答案[语篇解读]文章介绍了美国联邦政府发布的《候鸟狩猎印花税法案》的背景及结果。1.A2.C3.D4.APassage3(2024新高考Ⅰ,D)话题:健康饮食难度:中词数:343AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),itsthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly(表面上)participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenweremakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe“Illhavewhatsheshaving”effect.However,welladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,IllholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,Illfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycantI?1.Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?A.Foodsafety.B.Movieviewership.C.Consumerdemand.D.Eatingbehavior.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inparagraph1referto?A.Bigeaters.B.Overweightpersons.C.Pickyeaters.D.Tallthinpersons.3.Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor?A.Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.B.Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.C.Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.D.Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown.4.Onwhatbasisdowe“adjusttheinfluence”accordingtothelastparagraph?A.Howhungryweare.B.Howslimwewanttobe.C.Howweperceiveothers.D.Howwefeelaboutthefood.答案[语篇解读]究竟和胖人一块用餐吃得多还是和瘦人一块用餐吃得多呢?本文旨在培育学生养成良好的饮食习惯,保持身体健康。1.D2.D3.A4.CPassage4(2024课标全国Ⅱ,C)话题:人与动物难度:中词数:369Whenyouweretryingtofigureoutwhattobuyfortheenvironmentalistonyourholidaylist,furprobablydidntcrossyourmind.Butsomeecologistsandfashion(时装)enthusiastsaretryingtobringbackthemarketforfurmadefromnutria(海狸鼠).UnusualfashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklynhaveshowcasednutriafurmadeintoclothesindifferentstyles.“Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur—unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroyingvastwetlandseveryyear,”saysCreeMcCree,projectdirectorofRighteousFur.ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcernedthattheydecidedtopayhunters$5atail.SomeofthefurendsupinthefashionshowsliketheoneinBrooklynlastmonth.NutriawerebroughttherefromArgentinabyfurfarmersandletgointothewild.“Theecosystemdowntherecanthandlethisnon-nativespecies(物种).Itsdestroyingtheenvironment.Itsthemorus,”saysMichaelMassimi,anexpertinthisfield.Thefurtradekeptnutriaincheckfordecades,butwhenthemarketfornutriacollapsedinthelate1980s,thecat-sizedanimalsmultipliedlikecrazy.BiologistEdmondMoutonrunsthenutriacontrolprogramforLouisiana.Hesaysitsnoteasytoconvincepeoplethatnutriafurisgreen,buthehasnodoubtaboutit.Huntersbringinmorethan300,000nutriatailsayear,sopartofMoutonsjobthesedaysistryingtopromotefur.ThentheresRighteousFuranditsunusualfashions.ModelPaigeMorgansays,“Togivepeopleaguilt-freeoptionthattheycanwearwithoutsomeonethrowingpaintonthem—Ithinkthatsgoingtobeamassivething,atleasthereinNewYork.”DesignerJenniferAndersonadmitsittookherawhiletocomearoundtotheopinionthatusingnutriafurforhercreationsismorallyacceptable.Shestryingtocomeupwithalabeltoattachtonutriafashionstoshowitiseco-friendly.1.WhatisthepurposeofthefashionshowsinNewOrleansandBrooklyn?A.Topromoteguilt-freefur.B.Toexpandthefashionmarket.C.Tointroduceanewbrand.D.Tocelebrateawinterholiday.2.Whyarescientistsconcernedaboutnutria?A.Nutriadamagetheecosystemseriously.B.Nutriaareanendangeredspecies.C.Nutriahurtlocalcat-sizedanimals.D.Nutriaareillegallyhunted.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collapsed”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Boomed.B.Becamemature.C.Remainedstable.D.Crashed.4.WhatcanweinferaboutwearingfurinNewYorkaccordingtoMorgan?A.Itsformal.B.Itsrisky.C.Itsharmful.D.Itstraditional.答案[语篇解读]文章介绍了一些生态学家和时装爱好者试图让海狸鼠毛皮重回市场及其缘由。1.A2.A3.D4.BPassage5(2024课标全国Ⅲ,B)话题:人与自然难度:中词数:280When“RiseofthePlanetoftheApes”wasfirstshowntothepubliclastmonth,agroupofexcitedanimalactivistsgatheredonHollywoodBoulevard.Buttheywerenttheretothrowredpaintonfur-coat-wearingfilmstars.Instead,oneactivist,dressedinafull-bodymonkeysuit,hadarrivedwithasignpraisingthefilmmakers:“Thanksfornotusingrealapes(猿)!”Thecreativeteambehind“Apes”usedmotion-capture(动作捕获)technologytocreatedigitalizedanimals,spendingtensofmillionsofdollarsontechnologythatrecordsanactorsperformanceandlaterprocessesitwithcomputergraphicstocreateafinalimage(图像).Inthiscase,oneofarealistic-lookingape.Yet“Apes”ismoreexceptionthantherule.Infact,Hollywoodhasbeenhotonliveanimalslately.Onenonprofitorganization,whichmonitorsthetreatmentofanimalsinfilmedentertainment,iskeepingtabsonmorethan2,000productionsthisyear.Already,anumberoffilms,including“WaterforElephants,”“TheHangoverPartⅡ”and“Zookeeper,”havedrawntheangerofactivistswhosaythecreaturesactinginthemhaventbeentreatedproperly.

Insomecases,itsnotsomuchthetreatmentoftheanimalsonsetinthestudiothathasactivistsworried;itstheoff-settrainingandlivingconditionsthatareraisingconcerns.AndtherearequestionsaboutthefilmsmadeoutsidetheStates,whichsometimesarenotmonitoredascloselyasproductionsfilmedintheStates.1.WhydidtheanimalactivistsgatheronHollywoodBoulevard?A.Toseefamousfilmstars.B.Toopposewearingfurcoats.C.Toraisemoneyforanimalprotection.D.Toexpressthankstosomefilmmakers.2.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Thecostofmaking“Apes.”B.Thecreationofdigitalizedapes.C.Thepublicityabout“Apes.”D.Theperformanceofrealapes.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“keepingtabson”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Listingcompletely.B.Directingprofessionally.C.Promotingsuccessfully.D.Watchingcarefully.4.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraphaboutanimalactors?A.Theymaybebadlytreated.B.Theyshouldtakefurthertraining.C.Theycouldbetradedillegally.D.Theywouldlosepopularity.答案[语篇解读]文章通过电影《猩球崛起》中猿的角色制作,引发人们对影视作品中动物角色的关注。1.D2.B3.D4.APassage6(2024浙江,B)话题:技术创新难度:中词数:308ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue,Washington,generallydontflash