中考英语真题分类训练-题型二一完形填空分类训练15写人叙事类主题10人与社会·名人事迹

主题10人与社会·名人事迹A(2022成都)SirIsaacNewtonwasascientistwhodiscoveredthelawofgravity(重力).PeoplehavelearnedthatIsaacNewtononce1whenhewasthinkingunderanappletree.2hewaswokenupbyanapplefallingonhishead.Hejumpedup,shouting,"Gravitymadetheapplefall!"

Didtheapplereallyfallonhim?Noone3forsure.Thestoryoftheapplemayhavesome4,butpeoplewhoknewhimhavewrittenthatitneverhappened.Newtonhadactuallybeenstudyinggravityandthinkingabouthowapplesfelldownfromatreeandnot5formanyyears.

1A.fellover B.fellasleep C.fellill2A.Suddenly B.Slowly C.Usually3A.promises B.forgets C.knows4A.truth B.purpose C.requirement5A.inside B.off C.upB(2022上海)StarWomanWangZhenyi(王贞仪)(1768—1797)HaveyoueverheardofWangZhenyi?Perhapsmostofusdidn'tknowthisgreatnameuntilshewasintroducedinaCCTVprogramme.WangZhenyiwasagreatChinese1.ShewasbornintheQingDynasty.Atthattime,girlshadnochancetogetformaleducation.However,herfatherandgrandfatherwereopen-minded.Theythoughtgirlsshouldshareequalopportunitieswithboys.They2hertoreadthebooksintheirhomelibrary.WangZhenyieducatedherselfandreadalotaboutastronomy(thestudyofthestars,planets,etc.),maths,geographyaswellasmedicine.Later,shedecidedto3astronomy.

Inhertime,manypeopleexpectedthestarstotellwhatwasgoingtohappen.Theythoughtcertaineventsinthesky,suchaslunareclipses(月食),happenedwhengodswereangry.ButWangZhenyithoughtdifferently.Shebelievedinfactsandobservation.Inordertoexplainthose"strange"events,shedidsome4.Inone,sheusedaroundtableastheEarth,alampastheSunandamirrorastheMoon.Shemovedthemaroundtoshowwhat5happensduringalunareclipse:whentheEarthispassingdirectlybetweentheSunandtheMoon,thesunlightcannotreachtheMoonandtheMoon"disappears".

Throughouthershortlife,WangZhenyiwrotemanyarticlesaboutherresearch.Inherarticles,sheexplaineddifficultideasinclearand6wayssothatpeoplecouldunderstandsciencemoreeasily.Shehelpedmakescienceavailabletomorepeople.

1A.doctor B.scientist C.lawyer D.teacher2A.invited B.selected C.followed D.encouraged3A.relyon B.showoff C.focuson D.talkabout4A.exercises B.drawings C.reviews D.experiments5A.actually B.suddenly C.nearly D.recently6A.simple B.polite C.funny D.traditional主题10人与社会·名人事迹A【短文大意】牛顿是怎样发现万有引力定律的?本文介绍了和其相关的信息。1.B【解析】根据下文提到的"hewaswokenup"可知,牛顿在苹果树下思考的时候"睡着了",故fellasleep符合文意。2.A【解析】suddenly突然;slowly缓慢地;usually通常。根据上下文可知,一个苹果掉下来砸到了他的头,他"突然"被惊醒了,故所缺的词是Suddenly。3.C【解析】promise承诺;forget忘记;know知道。结合文意可知,此处是说,没有人确切地"知道"(苹果是否真的砸到了他),故所缺的词是knows。4.A【解析】truth实情,真实性;purpose目的;requirement要求。结合文意可知所缺的词是truth。5.C【解析】结合文意可知,牛顿当时思考的是苹果是怎样从树上向下掉而不是"向上"掉的,故up符合文意。B【短文大意】本文主要介绍了中国清代女科学家王贞仪。1.B【解析】根据下文内容并结合最后一段中的"sheexplaineddifficultideas...sothatpeoplecouldunderstandsciencemoreeasily"可知,王贞仪是一位优秀的中国科学家。故所缺的词是scientist。2.D【解析】根据上下文可推知,王贞仪的父亲和祖父鼓励她阅读家庭图书馆里的书籍。故所缺的词是encouraged。3.C【解析】根据上下文可知,后来,她决定集中精力钻研天文学。focuson意为"集中精力于",符合文意。故选C。4.D【解析】根