初高英语衔接语法定语从句之关系代词用法浅析

TheAttributiveClause定语从句

之关系代词(relativepronoun)AguessinggameHeisayoungman.Heisayoungman

withapairofglasses.Heisayoungmanthatisveryhandsome.Heisa

young

man

whoneversmilesinEnglishclass.

Lead-inAguessinggameHeisayoungman.Heisayoungman

withapairofglasses.Heisayoungmanthatisveryhandsome.Heisa

young

man

whoneversmilesinEnglishclass.

Lead-inWhatroledothewordsinredplay?定语：用来修饰名词或代词的成分，常译为“…的”。

Whatareattributes(定语)?Attributes(定语)Whatistheattributiveclause?本质上，它和形容词是近亲，都爱干一件事，修饰名词或代词.定语从句：充当定语的句子。一般放在名词代词的后面。Heisayoung

man.Heisa

young

man

whoneversmilesinEnglishclass.Heisayoungman

whoneversmilesinEnglishclass.被修饰的词先行词（anticedent）关系词(relative)Heisa

youngman.（主句）Theyoungman

neversmilesinEnglishclass.（从句）1.连接主句和从句2.指代先行词3.在从句中作一定的成分structureofattributiveclause定语从句的结构关系词的分类关系代词（relativepronouns）：that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词(relativeadverbs)：when,where,why关系代词的用法例如：

Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?（who/that在从句中作?）

Heisthemanwhom/that/不填Isawyesterday.（whom/that在从句中作?）1Presentation

who,whom,that这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词。主语宾语例如：I'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralstudents________________________ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.Attention：who/that在从句中作主语或宾语，whom在从句中只作宾语；作宾语时，whom/who/that可以省略whom/who/that/不填Presentation2

which,that这些词所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.（which/that在句中作?）你拿着的那个包裹马上就要散开了。Thepackage

___________________youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.（which/that在句中作?）Presentation主语宾语which/that/不填DingdingTalkbecomesanapp______________manystudentshaterecently.钉钉成了最近很多学生讨厌的一款应用软件。小结：关系代词若在限制性定语从句中充当宾语，即可省略。that/which/不填Presentation3

whose所修饰的先行词是表示人或物的名词或代词，在定语从句中作定语。例如：Presentation这就是闻名全世界的那位科学家。Thisisthescientist

whosenameisknownallovertheworld.我们居住在一所窗户朝南开的房子里。Weliveinahouse

whosewindowsopentothesouth.1.Idon'tknowthenameofthegirl�_________isstandingoverthere.2.Tomisanexcellentboy_________�Ilikeverymuch.3.Sarahgotanemailfromthewoman__________�housewevisitedlastweek.4.Theproblems_______wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.Fillintheblankswithrelativepronounswhowhowhosewho1.InancientChinalivedanartist______paintingswerealmostlifelike.2.Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose______aretotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources(资源).3.Understandinghergoodintentions,Ieatallthefood______isprovidedbyMomwithappreciation.

Fillintheblankswithrelativepronouns1.InancientChinalivedanartist______paintingswerealmostlifelike.whosewhose2.Thosebenefittingmostfromcollegearestudents_________aretotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources(资源).who/that3.Understandinghergoodintentions,eatallthefood__________isprovidedbyMomwithappreciation.

that为什么不能用which?定语从句的几种特殊常考考点：1.先行词为something，anything，everything，nothing,somebody，anybody,everybody,nobody，all，much,little,none等不定代词时,只能用that.Everything

that

canbedonehasbeendone.一切能做的事都已经做了。Attention：2.先行词前有最高级、序数词、thevery,theonly,thelast等修饰时，只能用that.Thisisthemostdeliciousfood

thatIhaveeverhad.这是我吃过的最美味的食物。Chattingwastheonlythingthatinterestedhermost.聊天是她唯一感兴趣的事情。Attention：3.先行词既有人也有物时，用thatShetookphotographsofthingsandpeople

that

shewasinterestedin.她将她感兴趣的人和事都拍了下来。4.若先行词是those，one等指代人时，要用who来引导定语从句。Thisnovelispopularwiththose_____wereborninthe1980s.

One____failstoreachtheGreatWallisnotahero.whowhoDoyouknowtheman________wrotethisbook?HewasJason,oneoftheengineers_________camefromRussiainthe1950s.Heworkedinthefactorywheremyfatheronceworked.WhenhecametoChina,thefirstthing______hedidwastovisitthefactory___________didresearchontrolleybuses(无轨电车)andfoundoutthereasonwhyChinawassobackwardinit.Thenhespenteveryminute______hecouldsparetohelpChinadeveloptransportation.Asismentionedabove,Jasonwasaforeigner______contributions(贡献)washelpfultoourcountryandhewasakindmantowhomweshouldsaythanks.who,thatwho，thatthat,/that,whichthat,/whose语法填空：完成句子：1.这是我参观过最漂亮的公园。Thisisthemostbeautifulpark____________________.2.我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。Weoftentalkaboutthepersonsandthings_______________________.3.这正是我昨天丢失的那支钢笔。Thisistheverypen_________________________.thatIhavevisitedthatwerememberthatIlostyesterdayDearTom,Howareyougoingthesedays?I'mwritingtosharewithyousomethingaboutourschool'sSportsClub,andthedetailedinformationisasfollows.TheSportsClub1.______________________________________________(放学后举办各种各样活动的俱乐部)islocatedinourschool'sgym.Atweekends,itisavailablealldayforallstudents2._________________________(对体育赛事感兴趣的学生).Badminton,basketballandtabletennisareespeciallypopularamongstudents.Whatexcitesmemostisthattherearesomekindsofcompetitionsheldeveryfewweeks,3._____________________________________________________(吸引了许多学生来观看和丰富了我们的学校生活).Inaword,itisanidealplacetorelaxourselvesafterclass.Bestwishes!Yourssincerely,