升高二暑假专题11必修一U5LanguagesAroundtheWorld温故知新练2024年暑假英语升高二衔接学案

【夏日FUN学】2024年暑假英语升高二衔接学案专题11：必修一U5LanguagesAroundtheWorld温故知新练（解析版）一、汉译英1．n．指称关系；参考→vi.提到；参考；查阅vt.查询；叫……求助于2．adj.以(某事)为基础的→vt.以……为基础n．底部；根据→n．基础→adj.基础的3．n．异体；多样化→v．变化；不同→adj.各种各样的4．adj.主要的n．主修课程；主修学生vi.主修→n．大多数5．adj.全球的；全世界的→n．地球；地球仪6．vt.欣赏；感激；领会→n．感激；欣赏→adj.感激的7．vt.恳求；祈求→n．乞丐8．n．同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同样的→adv.平等地→n．平等9．n．要求；需求vt.强烈要求；需要→adj.要求高的10．n．描写(文字)；形容→vt.描述11．vt.联系；讲述→adj.相关的→n．关系→n．关系【答案】1．referencerefer2．basedbasebasisbasic3．varietyvaryvarious4．majormajority5．globalglobe6．appreciateappreciationappreciative7．begbeggar8．equalequallyequality9．demanddemanding10．descriptiondescribe11．relaterelatedrelationrelationship二、根据中英文提示填空12．D(虽然)thefactthatshewasalreadyaninternationallyrenownedscientist,TuYouyoushowednointerestinfame.【答案】Despite/espite【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管屠呦呦已经是国际知名的科学家的事实，但她对名利毫无兴趣。由首字母提示D和空格后的thefactthat可知，“虽然”是介词despite，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Despite。13．Spaceexplorationprovidesas(象征)ofnationalpride.【答案】symbol/ymbol【详解】考查名词。句意：太空探索是民族自豪感的象征。象征为symbol，作宾语。再根据a可知，用单数形式。故填symbol。14．Livinginthewildmeansas(斗争)againstnature.【答案】struggle/truggle【详解】考查名词。句意：生活在野外意味着与自然作斗争。“斗争”为名词struggle，作宾语，由a可知，应用单数，故填struggle。15．Iwoulda(感激)itifyoucouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.【答案】appreciate/ppreciate【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你能帮助我学习英语，我会很感激的。感激为appreciate，would后接动词原形。故填appreciate。16．MartinLutherKingencouragedblackpeopletoachievetheirgoalsofe(平等的)treatment.【答案】equal/qual【详解】考查形容词。句意：马丁·路德·金鼓励黑人实现平等对待的目标。“平等的”修饰名词treatment，结合首字母提示，用形容词equal作定语。故填equal。17．Moreandmorepeoplechoosetoshopinasupermarketasitoffersav(多样化)ofgoods.【答案】variety/ariety【详解】考查名词。句意：越来越多的人选择在超市购物，因为它提供各种各样的商品。根据中英文提示可知应用名词variety，构成avarietyof表示“各种各样的”。故填variety。18．D(尽管；虽然)economicuncertaintiesandeffectsofthedepression,consumershavecontinuedtospendalotofmoneyonline.【答案】Despite/espite【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管经济不确定性和大萧条的影响，消费者仍继续在网上消费。根据首字母以及汉语提示可知，空处需要介词despite“尽管，虽然”，和后面的名词构成介词短语，在句中作状语。故填Despite。19．Youngpeopleintheneweraneedtodevelopag(全球的)perspective.【答案】global/lobal【详解】考查形容词。句意：新时代的年轻人需要培养全球视野。由空后的perspective可知应填形容词形式作定语，修饰perspective，根据汉语提示及句意，故填global。20．Subwayisanenvironmentallyfriendlym(方式，方法)oftransportation.【答案】means/eans【详解】考查名词。句意：地铁是一种环保的交通工具。根据中英文提示和空后的oftransportation可知，这里表示交通方式，应用means，为单复数同形的名词，在句中作表语。故填means。21．Iappreciateyourpositivea(态度)towardslife.【答案】attitude/ttitude【详解】考查名词。句意：我欣赏你对生活的积极态度。根据中英文提示可知应填名词attitude，作宾语。故填attitude。22．Achild’sdevelopmentisdependentonmanyf(因素，要素).【答案】factors/actors【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子的发育取决于许多因素。根据汉语提示“因素，要素”及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词factor，结合句意和many可知，应用名词复数形式，作on的宾语。故填factors。23．Severalm(重要的；大的)paniesaresupportingtheproject.【答案】major/ajor【详解】考查形容词。句意：几家大公司正在对这一项目提供资助。根据首字母和汉语提示可知，此处应用形容词major，修饰名词panies，作定语。故填major。24．Sotherewasn’tanyplanandtherewasnos(特定的)training.【答案】specific/pecific【详解】考查形容词。句意：所以没有任何计划，也没有专门的培训。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词specific，修饰名词training，作定语。故填specific。25．Pricesaregovernedbymarketd(需求).【答案】demand/emand【详解】考查名词。句意：价格由市场需求决定。句中用名词作宾语。marketdemand市场需求，作不可数名词。根据中英文提示及句意，故填demand。26．Iryouasmybestfriend.(视为)【答案】recognize/ecognize/recognise/ecognise/regard/egard【详解】考查动词。句意：我把你视为我最好的朋友。根据中英文提示，以r开头且表示“视为”含义的动词为：recognize或regard，recognize的另一种拼写形式为：recognise，因句子表达的是一种客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，故填recognize或recognise或regard。27．Inselectingadictionary,checkthefeaturesitoffersbesidesv(词汇)definitions.【答案】vocabulary/ocabulary【详解】考查名词。句意：在选择词典时，除了词汇定义外，还要检查它提供的功能。根据汉语提示，可知空白处应填名词，根据中英文提示，以v开头且含义为“词汇”的名词为：vocabulary，故填vocabulary。28．Theproducthasfilledaginthemarket.（缺口）【答案】gap/ap【详解】考查名词。句意：该产品已经填补了市场上的空白。设空处为名词作宾语，根据中英文提示，gap“缺口”符合句意，不定冠词修饰用单数，故填gap。29．Thisa(公寓)islocatedinthecentreofthebusinessdistrictwhereyoumayenjoyyourlifeasmuchasyoulike.【答案】apartment/partment【详解】考查名词。句意：这个公寓位于商业区的中心，你可以尽情享受你的生活。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词apartment“公寓”，满足句意要求。做主语。故填apartment。30．AsIgrowolder,Iliketorereadthec(经典作品)regularly.【答案】classics/lassics【详解】考查名词。句意：随着年龄的增长，我喜欢定期重读名著。分析句子可知，空处作reread的宾语，表示“经典作品”用classic，为名词，此处用复数形式表示一类事物。故填classics。31．You’dbettermakefullpreparationsbeforeclassandhaveabriefunderstandingofthehistoryofTangD(朝代).【答案】Dynasty/ynasty【详解】考查名词。句意：你最好在上课前做好充分的准备，对唐朝的历史有一个简要的了解。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填名词dynasty，此处为专有名词首字母要大写。故填Dynasty。三、完成句子32．(同样重要)aregoodstudyhabits,usefulskillsandapositiveattitude.（表语前置倒装）【答案】Ofequalimportance【详解】考查倒装句。句意：良好的学习习惯、有用的技能和积极的态度同样重要。结合汉语提示“同样重要”是beofequalimportance，结合提示要求“表语前置倒装”可知放在系动词are前构成完全倒装句。句首首字母大写，故填Ofequalimportance。33．We’djustreachedthemotorwaywhen(汽油用完了).【答案】thepetrolranout/thepetrolwasusedup【详解】考查名词，动词短语和时态。句意：我们刚开到高速公路，汽油就用完了。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，根据所给中文提示词，主语是“汽油”译为“thepetrol”，“用完”可用动词短语runout为不及物动词短语，用主动语态，根据前文可知，用一般过去时，或者用useup为及物动词短语，需用被动语态，主语为不可数名词。故填thepetrolranout后者thepetrolwasusedup。34．Thisfilm(以……为根据)arealstoryinourlife.【答案】isbasedon【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：这部电影是以我们生活中的一个真实故事为根据改编的。“以……为根据”用动词base表示，作谓语，与主语Thisfilm之间是被动关系，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，又因主语是单数名词，谓语用单数形式。综上，谓语用一般现在时被动语态，单数形式。故填isbasedon。35．Itissaidthattheoldbuilding(追溯到)the16thcentury.【答案】datesbackto【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：据说这座古老的建筑可以追溯到16世纪。根据汉语提示可知“追溯到”为固定短语datebackto，为从句谓语，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语theoldbuilding，谓语用第三人称单数，故填dates；back；to。36．Tu(查阅，参考)theancientbooksoftraditionalChinesemedicinewhenhefailedtoproduceanypromisingresults.【答案】referredto【详解】考查时态和动词短语。句意：屠在没有取得任何有希望的成果时，参考了中医典籍。根据when引导的时间状语从句可知，句子应用一般现在时，“查阅，参考”referto，refer用过去式形式referred。故填referredto。37．Althoughmanyparentshaveapresenceonmanyofthesamesocialmediasitesastheirchildren,theymaystillfindithardto(与……相关；理解)theirkidsonline.【答案】relateto【详解】考查动词短语。句意：尽管许多父母和孩子在许多相同的社交媒体网站上都有自己的身影，但他们可能仍然很难在网上与孩子建立联系。“与……相关；理解”译为relateto，动词不定式符号后应接动词原形。故填①relate；②to。38．Thecourseoflifeneverrunssmoothlyforitisfullof(起伏)andtwistsandturns.【答案】upsanddowns【详解】考查名词。句意：人生之路从不一帆风顺，因为它充满了起伏与曲折。根据汉语提示，起伏为upsanddowns，作宾语。故填upsanddowns。39．(不管你去到哪),thesamethingsmattertoeveryone,familyandfriendship.【答案】Nomatterwhereyougo/Whereveryougo【详解】考查让步状语从句和动词时态。句意：无论你去哪里，同样的事情对每个人都很重要，家庭和友谊。表示“无论什么地方”用wherever或nomatterwhere，引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写；表示“你”用you，作从句主语；表示“去”用go，结合句意可知，本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且从句主语为you，故谓语用动词原形。故翻译为Nomatterwhereyougo或Whereveryougo。40．(在我看来),thegovernmenthasdoneenoughtohelppeoplegetthroughthosetoughtimes.【答案】Frommypointofview【详解】考查固定短语。句意：在我看来，政府在帮助人们度过难关方面已经做得够多了。根据提示的汉语可知，表示“在我看来”应为frommypointofview作状语，且位于句首，from的首字母需大写。故填Frommypointofview。四、单句语法填空1．YouknowwhoI’m(refer)to.【答案】referring【详解】考查动词时态。句意：你知道我指的是谁。who引导宾语从句，空处缺少现在分词构成现在进行时，refer的现在分词为referring。故填referring。2．“Ithas

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inkartwork，”saidMarianneSimon,anMA(文学硕士)student(major)inpublishingandcreativewritingatKingstonUniversity.【答案】majoring【详解】考查现在分词。句意：“它真的给了我访问中国的愿望，特别是探索传统的墨画，”玛丽安·西蒙说，她是金斯敦大学出版和创意写作专业的硕士学生。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词。MarianneSimon,anMAstudent与major是主谓关系，故用现在分词表主动，作后置定语。故填majoring。3．Iwould(appreciation)itifyoucouldgivemetheinformationIneedassoonaspossible.【答案】appreciate【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你能尽快提供我所需要的信息，我将非常感激。此处需要一个动词原形来构成“Iwouldappreciateitif”句型，表示“如果……我将感激”。由于所给词是appreciation，名词，其动词形式为appreciate，故填appreciate。4．Asthewhirlpoolbecamelesswild,thewavessooncarriedmetoanareatheotherfishermenstayed.【答案】where【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当漩涡变得不那么狂暴时，波浪很快把我带到其他渔民停留的地方。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，先行词area是地方，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，因此空格处用关系副词where，故填where。5．(date)backtothe18thcentury,PekingOperahasahistoryofover200years.【答案】Dating【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：京剧始于18世纪，至今已有200多年的历史。句中谓语是has，空格处用非谓语动词，PekingOpera和date之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Dating。6．WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootonthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishing(vary)ofwildlife.【答案】variety【详解】考查名词。句意：当探险家们第一次踏上北美大陆时，天空和陆地上充满了各种各样的野生动物。avarietyof意为“各种各样的”，此处应用名词variety表示“种类”作宾语。故填variety。7．Thelabintheyworkedhaspoorairquality.【答案】which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们工作的实验室空气质量很差。此处为介词+关系代词结构引导的定语从句修饰先行词lab，先行词lab作介词in的宾语，表示物，用关系代词which指代lab。故填which。8．IwishtovisittheWestLakeHangzhouisfamous.【答案】forwhich【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我希望参观杭州著名的西湖。分析句子结构，此处为定语从句；使用“介词+关系代词”结构引导定语从句，先行词为WestLake，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作宾语，因befamousfor为固定短语，且先行词指物，使用forwhich引导定语从句。故填forwhich。9．Moreheatenergytrappedintheatmospherecausesthe(globe)temperaturetogoup.【答案】global【详解】考查形容词。句意：更多的热能被困在大气中，导致全球气温上升。此处作定语应用形容词global表示“全球的”。故填global。10．Peopletodaytendtomakechoicesoftheirdiets(base)onwhattheybelieve.【答案】based【详解】考查非谓语。句意：今天的人们倾向于根据自己的信仰来选择饮食。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语作后置定语修饰名词diets，diets和base之间是逻辑上的被动关系，因此需使用过去分词。故填based。五、阅读理解AFourYouTubeChannelsforLearningEnglishBobtheCanadianBobisahighschoolteacherfromToronto,Canada,wholivesonaflowerfarmwithhiswifeandfivekids.Bob’svideosmostlydealwitheverydaysituations.Bobdescribesmonplaces,scenesandconversationsusingsimpleEnglish.Hehastakenhisviewerstoagreatmixofplaces,fromhardwarestorestohotels.Bob’saccentisveryclearandhesubtitleshisvideos.JenniferESLJenniferESLhasbeenmakingYouTubevideosteachingUSEnglishwithherfamilysince2007,sothere’sahugecollectiontodiscover.LikeBobtheCanadian,oneoftheenjoyablethingsaboutJennifer’svideosisthatyougetabrieflookatsomeone’slifeinanEnglishspeakingcountry.Shealsousesherchanneltoadvertiseotherteachers’videosthatshefindsuseful.LearnEnglishwithMr.DuncanMr.DuncanhasbeenrunningasuccessfulEnglishlanguageYouTubechannelforovertenyears.HelivesinaprettytownintheUKandhasanupperclassBritishaccenttomatch.Mr.Duncan’shugevideocatalogcoversnearlyeverytopicintheworldofBritishEnglish.Forthepastfewmonths,hehasstoppedcreatingshortvideolessons,andstartedrunningfreelivestreamlessonsthreetimesperweekinstead.UnlikeBobtheCanadian,Mr.Duncan’svideosarequitefunnyandmostviewersfindthemfunandmemorable.EnglishClass101ThisisachanneldesignedtosellaninteractiveonlineEnglishcourse.However,ifyoudon’tmindasalespitch(推销行话),thevideosthemselvesareagreatlearningresource.Theyareallpletelyfree,whetherornotyoubuythecourse.Thischannelisparticularlygoodatexplaininggrammaticalrulesandmonexpressions.Ifyou’veeverbeesoboredtryingtounderstandtheusecasesforatense,there’salmostcertainlyanEnglishClass101videothatcanhelpyou!41．WhatdoBobandJenniferhaveinmon?A．Theybothaddsubtitlestotheirvideos.B．TheybothteachEnglishwiththeirfamiliesinvideos.C．Theybothpromotevaluablevideosfromothereducators.D．TheybothsharelifeinEnglishspeakingcountriesinvideos.42．WhatchangehasMr.Duncanmadetohiscoursesinthepastfewmonths?A．Heisproducingshortervideolessons.B．Heisconductingfreelivestreamlessons.C．Hehastriedtomakehisvideosmorefun.D．HehasstartedteachingEnglishwithaBritishaccent.43．WhichYouTubechannelshouldyouturntoifyouhavegrammaticalproblems?A．JenniferESL. B．BobtheCanadian.C．EnglishClass101. D．LearnEnglishwithMr.Duncan.【答案】41．D42．B43．C【导语】这篇文章是应用文，介绍了四个适合学习英语的YouTube频道。41．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Bobdescribesmonplaces,scenesandconversationsusingsimpleEnglish.Hehastakenhisviewerstoagreatmixofplaces,fromhardwarestorestohotels.(Bob用简单的英语描述常见的地方、场景和对话。他带领观众去了许多不同的地方，从五金店到酒店)”以及第二段“LikeBobtheCanadian,oneoftheenjoyablethingsaboutJennifer’svideosisthatyougetabrieflookatsomeone’slifeinanEnglishspeakingcountry.(像BobtheCanadian一样，Jennifer的视频中一个令人享受的事情是你可以短暂地窥见一个人在英语国家的生活)”可知，Bob和Jennifer的共同点是他们都在视频中分享英语国家的生活。故选D。42．细节理解题。根据第三段“Forthepastfewmonths,hehasstoppedcreatingshortvideolessons,andstartedrunningfreelivestreamlessonsthreetimesperweekinstead.(在过去的几个月里，他停止了制作短视频课程，改为每周三次免费直播课程)”可知，在过去的几个月里，Mr.Duncan做出的改变是开始进行免费的直播课程。故选B。43．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thischannelisparticularlygoodatexplaininggrammaticalrulesandmonexpressions(这个频道特别擅长解释语法规则和常见表达)”可知，如果有语法问题应该选择EnglishClass101这个频道。故选C。BEveryyearonSept.30,translatorsaroundtheworldcelebrateInternationalTranslationDay.In2023,underthetheme“Translationunveilsthemanyfacesofhumanity”,wedugintothevariousaspectsoftranslationthroughthestoriesofoneindividual.IntheviewofXieCun,alectureratBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity,translatorsareliketourguidesintheworldofliterature.“Agoodguidedoesn’tstandinfrontofthescenerytalkingendlesslybutusestheirknowledgeandexperiencetoleadtouriststothebestviewpoints,offeringexplanationswhennecessary,andallowingtouriststoexperiencetherestontheirown,”hesaid.“Ibelievegoodtranslatorsdothesame.”Xie’sopinionesfromhiseightyearsofexperienceasaliterarytranslator.Overhiscareer,Xiehastranslatedmanyliteraryworks.Xie’sjourneyintoliterarytranslationbeganwithhiscrosslinguistic(跨语言学的)academic(学术的)background.DuringhisundergraduatestudiesinChineselanguageandliterature,hediscoveredthepoweroftranslation.“Inoticedthatthesamesentencecouldbetranslatedinamovingwaybyonepersonbutinaninactivemannerbyanother.Thisparisoninspiredmetogiveitashot,”Xieexplained.Afterpletinghisundergraduatedegree,Xiechosetopursuetranslationashismaster’smajor,focusingonresearchandpracticeinthefield.ForXie,thebinationoftwolanguagescancreateamazingconnections,spreadinglanguagewithnewpossibilities.“Literarycreationcanonlyshapeoneauthor.However,literarytranslationallowsmetobeecountlessauthors,shapinganewselfthroughthecollision(碰撞)ofdifferentvoices,”hesaid.“IhopethattheyoungpeoplewhoareabouttobeginthepathofliterarytranslationcanprotectmodernChineselanguagewithloveandresponsibility,contributingtothegrowthofourlanguageandliteraturewiththenutrients(营养物)offoreignliterature,”hesaid.44．WhatisthefunctionofParagraph1?A．Totellreadersaboutafestival. B．Tointroducethetopicofthetext.C．Toattractreaders’interestsintranslation. D．Tostressseveraldifferentaspectsoftranslation.45．Whatisatranslator’sdutyaccordingtoXieCun?A．Toemploytheirprofessionalskills. B．Togivelistenersmorethinkingspace.C．Tocontributetobettermunication. D．Totranslateasmanyworksaspossible.46．HowdidXieCunfindtranslationchangeable?A．Byreadingmanyliteraryworks.B．Byparingdifferentversionsoftranslation.C．Bytranslatingthesamesentenceinvariousways.D．Bymajoringinliterarytranslationandlinguistics.47．WhoareXie’swordsinthelastparagraphaimedat?A．Translatorsdesiringtobroadentheirhorizons.B．Researcherswhoareworkingonthetranslationskills.C．Youngpeoplewhowillgetdowntoliterarytranslation.D．Professionaltranslatorsexperiencedinliterarytranslation.【答案】44．B45．B46．B47．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2023年国际翻译日的主题“翻译揭示人性的多面性”，并通过北京外国语大学讲师谢存的视角，阐述了翻译的重要性及其个人的翻译经历和感受。44．推理判断题。根据第一段中“EveryyearonSept.30,translatorsaroundtheworldcelebrateInternationalTranslationDay.In2023,underthetheme“Translationunveilsthemanyfacesofhumanity”,wedugintothevariousaspectsoftranslationthroughthestoriesofoneindividual.(每年的9月30日，世界各地的翻译家都会庆祝国际翻译日。2023年，我们将以“翻译揭示人性的多面性”为主题，通过一个人的故事，深入探讨翻译的方方面面。)”可知，段中提到世界各地的译者在每年的9月30日庆祝国际翻译日，而2023的国际翻译日将通过一个人的故事来讨论翻译的各个方面。这清楚地为本文的主题——翻译及其意义——提供了介绍和背景，起到引入主题的作用。故选B项。45．推理判断题。根据第三段中谢存的话“Agoodguidedoesn’tstandinfrontofthescenerytalkingendlesslybutusestheirknowledgeandexperiencetoleadtouriststothebestviewpoints,offeringexplanationswhennecessary,andallowingtouriststoexperiencetherestontheirown(一个好的导游不会站在风景面前滔滔不绝地讲，而是用自己的知识和经验把游客带到最好的景点，必要时提供解释，让游客自己体验剩下的部分)”和“Ibelievegoodtranslatorsdothesame.(我相信优秀的翻译也是如此。)”可知，谢存把翻译比作文学世界中的导游，他说一个好的翻译不是站在风景面前滔滔不绝地讲，而是用自己的知识和经验把游客带到最好的景点，必要时提供解释，让游客自己去体验剩下的部分。这表明，译者的职责是提供指导，同时给听者自己的思考和探索留有余地。故选B项。46．细节理解题。根据第四段中谢存的话“Inoticedthatthesamesentencecouldbetranslatedinamovingwaybyonepersonbutinaninactivemannerbyanother.Thisparisoninspiredmetogiveitashot,(我注意到同一个句子可以被一个人翻译得很感人，而被另一个人翻译得很平淡。这种对比激发了我去尝试一下)”可知，通过比较不同版本的翻译，谢存发现翻译是变化的。故选B项。47．推理判断题。根据最后一段中谢存的话“IhopethattheyoungpeoplewhoareabouttobeginthepathofliterarytranslationcanprotectmodernChineselanguagewithloveandresponsibility,contributingtothegrowthofourlanguageandliteraturewiththenutrients(营养物)offoreignliterature(希望即将踏上文学翻译之路的年轻人，用爱和责任守护现代汉语，用外国文学的养分，为我国语言文学的成长做出贡献)”可知，谢存的话是讲给愿意从事文学翻译的年轻人听的。故选C项。CWhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents,mostofthemproudlyreplied,“Well,IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese/etc.”Butthiskindofanswermissesthepoint.Moreoftenthannot,whatwemeanwhenwesaysomeone“hasanaccent”isthattheiraccentisdifferentfromthelocalone,orthatpronunciationsaredifferentfromourown.Butthisdefinitionofaccentsislimitingandcouldgiverisetoprejudice(偏见).Funnilyenough,intermsofthelanguagestudy,everypersonspeakswithanaccent.Itistheregulardifferencesinhowweproducesoundsthatdefineouraccents.Evenifyoudon’thearityourself,youspeakwithsomesortofaccent.Inthissense,it’spointlesstopointoutthatsomeone“hasanaccent”.Wealldo!Everypersonspeaksadialect,too.Inthefieldoflanguagestudy,adialectisaversionofalanguagethatischaracterizedbyitsvariationsofstructure,phrasesandwords.Forinstance,“Yougoteatornot?”(meaning“Haveyoueaten?”)isanacceptableandunderstoodquestioninSingaporeOralEnglish.ThefactthatthisexpressionwouldcauseastandardAmericanEnglishspeakertotakepausedoesn’tmeanthatSingaporeOralEnglishis“wrong”or“ungrammatical”.Thesentenceiswellformedandclearlymunicative,accordingtonativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers’solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit’sdifferent?Weneedtomovebeyondanarrowconceptionofaccentsanddialects—forthebenefitofeveryone.Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsintopeople’sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.Inaglobalage,thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofone’sidentity.Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We’dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.48．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhis/herfriends’responseinparagraph1?A．Itmissestherealmeaningofaccents. B．Itreflectstheirlanguagelevels.C．Itmissesthepointofmunication. D．Itreflectstheirselfconfidence.49．WhydoestheauthorusetheexampleofSingaporeOralEnglish?A．Tocorrectagrammaticalmistake. B．Toshowthediversityofdialects.C．Toshowtheuseofdialectsisreasonable. D．Tobringinatraditionalapproach.50．Whatdoestheauthorremendustodointhelastparagraph?A．Learntospeakwithyourlocaldialect. B．Seekforanofficialdefinitionofaccents.C．Appreciatethevalueofaccentsanddialects. D．Tellourlocallanguagesfromothers’.51．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthispassage?A．AccentsRepresentOurIdentities B．EveryoneHasanAccentC．DialectsLeadtoMisunderstanding D．StandardEnglishIsatRisk【答案】48．A49．C50．C51．B【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了每个人都有口音。从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的。语言差异可以帮助人们洞察他人的文化经历和背景，因此我们要欣赏口音和方言的价值。48．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“WhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents,mostofthemproudlyreplied,“Well,IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese/etc.”Butthiskindofanswermissesthepoint.(当我向一些朋友提到我们都有口音时，他们中的大多数人自豪地回答说：“嗯，我的英语/汉语/等等都说得很好。”但这种回答没有抓住要点。)”可知，作者认为他/她的朋友忽略了口音的真正含义。故选A。49．推理判断题。根据第三段“Thesentenceiswellformedandclearlymunicative,accordingtonativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers’solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit’sdifferent?(根据新加坡英语母语者扎实的语法体系，句子结构良好，交际清晰。为什么仅仅因为不同就应该是错的呢？)”可知，作者认为不能因为它不同就认为它是错的。所以作者使用新加坡口语的例子是在说明方言的使用是合理的。故选C。50．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsintopeople’sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.Inaglobalage,thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofone’sidentity.Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We’dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.(像这样的语言差异提供了对人们的文化经历和背景的见解。在全球化时代，一个人说话的方式是一个人身份的一个独特部分。大多数人都乐于谈论他们讲话背后的文化。我们会更多地了解我们生活的世界，并在此过程中结交朋友。)”可知，作者在最后一段中建议我们欣赏口音和方言的价值，这样我们可以更好了解我们的世界，交更多的朋友。故选C。51．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“Funnilyenough,intermsofthelanguagestudy,everypersonspeakswithanaccent.Itistheregulardifferencesinhowweproducesoundsthatdefineouraccents.Evenifyoudon’thearityourself,youspeakwithsomesortofaccent.Inthissense,it’spointlesstopointoutthatsomeone“hasanaccent”.Wealldo!(有趣的是，就语言学习而言，每个人说话都带有口音。我们发音的规律差异决定了我们的口音。即使你自己没有听到，你说话也带有某种口音。从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是没有意义的。我们都有！)”可知，本段主要讲的是每个人都有口音。从这个意义上说，指出某人“有口音”是毫无意义的，因此最恰当的题目是B选项“EveryoneHasanAccent(每个人都有口音)”。故选B。DLivinginaforeignculturecanbeexciting,butitcanalsobeconfusing.AgroupofAmericanswhotaughtEnglishinothercountriesrecentlydiscussedtheirexperiences.Theyfoundthatmismunicationwasalwayspossibleevenoversomethingassimpleas“yes”and“no”.OnherfirstdayinMicronesia,anislandinthePacific,Lisathoughtpeopleweren’tpayinganyattentiontoher.Thedaywashot.Shewentintoastoreandasked,“Doyouhavecolddrinks?”Thewomantheredidn’tsayanything.Lisarepeatedthequestion.Stillthewomansaidnothing.Shelaterlearnedthatthewomanhadansweredher.Shehadraisedhereyebrows(眉毛),whichinMicronesiameans“yes”.JanrememberedanexperienceshehadinBulgaria,acountryinEurope.Shewenttoarestaurantthatwasfamousforitscabbage.Sheaskedthewaiter,“Doyouhavecabbagetoday?”Henoddedhishead.Janwaited,butthecabbagenevercame.Inthatcountry,anodmeans“no”.TomhadasimilarproblemwhenhearrivedinIndia.Afterexplainingsomethinginclass,heaskedhisstudentsiftheyunderstood.Theyansweredwithmanydifferentnodsandshakesofthehead.Hethoughtsomepeoplehadnotunderstood,soheexplainedagain.Whenheaskedagain,theydidthesamething.Hesoonfoundoutthathisstudentsdidunderstand.InIndia,peoplenodandshaketheirheadsindifferentwaysdependingonwheretheyefrom.Youhavetoknowwhereapersonisfromtounderstandwhethertheymean“yes”or“no”.52．TheAmericansteachingEnglishinothercountriesfoundthatthey__________.A．shouldgoabroadforvacations B．neededtolearnforeignlanguagesC．shouldoftendiscusstheirexperiences D．hadproblemswithmunication53．PeopleinMicronesiashow“yes”by__________.A．saying“no” B．raisingeyebrowsC．shakingheads D．noddingheads54．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothispassage?A．InBulgaria,noddingheadsmeans“no”. B．JantaughtEnglishonaPacificisland.C．Lisawastryingtobuysomecabbage. D．InIndia,onlyshakingheadsmeans“yes”.55．Tommisunderstoodhisclassatfirstbecause__________.A．hedidn’tknowanodmeans“no”inIndian. B．hedidn’texplaineverythingclearlyenoughC．somestudentsdidn’tunderstandhisquestions D．hedidnotknowmuchaboutIndianculture【答案】52．D53．B54．A55．D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍不同文化下的人们表达“是”或“不是”的方式也不同。52．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theyfoundthatmismunicationwasalwayspossibleevenoversomethingassimpleas“yes”and“no”.(他们发现，即使是在简单的‘是’和‘不是’上，沟通不周也是可能的)”可知，在外国教英语的美国人发现像“是”和“不是”这样简单的沟通误解时有发生，也就是他们发现沟通有问题，故选D。53．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Shehadraisedhereyebrows(眉毛),whichinMicronesiameans‘yes’.(她扬起了眉毛，这在密克罗尼西亚意味着‘是’)”可知，密克罗尼西亚人用扬起眉毛表示“是”，故选B。54．细节理解题。根据第三段中“JanrememberedanexperienceshehadinBulgaria(简想起了她在保加利亚的一次经历)”和“Inthatcountry,anodmeans‘no’.(在那个国家，点头表示‘不’)”可知，在保加利亚，点头意味着“不”，故选A。55．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“InIndia,peoplenodandshaketheirheadsindifferentwaysdependingonwheretheyefrom.Youhavetoknowwhereapersonisfromtounderstandwhethertheymean‘yes’or‘no’.(在印度，人们点头和摇头的方式不同，这取决于他们来自哪里。你必须知道一个人来自哪里，才能理解他们的意思是‘是’还是‘不是’)”可知，在印度，人们以不同的方式点头和摇头，这取决于他们来自哪里，你必须知道一个人来自哪里，才能知道他们的意思是“是”还是“不是”，Tom最初误解了学生们的意思就是因为他不了解这方面的印度文化，故选D。七选五Ifyoustruggletomeetnewpeopleorjoininaconversationatsocialevents,itmightbethatyourbodylanguageissendingthemessagetootherstostayaway.56?Belowaresometipstogetyoustarted.Smile.Althoughitispossibletooverdosmiling,generallyitisbettertosmilethanfrown(皱眉).Trytofindthingsthatreallymakeyouhappyorlaughandyoursmilewilleacrossasnaturalratherthanforced.57.Makesurethatyouaren’tusingobjectstoshield(遮住)yourselffromothers.Ataparty,holdyourdrinkatyoursideinsteadofclosetoyourchest(胸膛).Keepingobjectsbetweenyouandothersmakesyouappearguardedandclosed.Useeyecontact.Whenyoudoenduptalkingwithsomeone,besuretomaintaineyecontact.Avoidingeyecontactmakesyouappearuntrustworthyordisinterested.Ifdirecteyecontactfeelshard,trylookingatonlyoneeyeatatime,oratapartbetweenaperson’seyes.58Avoidnervoushabits.Eventhoughyoumightbenervous,avoidthehabitsthatgowithit.59.Don’tplaywithyourpenorthechangeinyourpocket.Keepyourhandsrelaxedatyoursidesorusethemtogesture(做手势)whenmakingconversation.60.Saynicethingsaboutotherpeopleinsteadofmeanthings.Approachothersandincludethosewhoseemtobeleftout.Beapositivepersonandyouwillattractotherpositivepeopletoyou.Althoughitmayfeelunnaturalatfirst,withtimeyoushouldstarttofeelmoreopenandconfidentasaresultofchangingyourbodylanguage.A．AvoidblocksB．UseobjectsonhandC．Theywon’tbeabletotellthedifferenceD．Apartfrombodylan