【课件】新教材高中英语UNIT4EXPLORINGLITERATURES2课件译林版必修第二册

Unit4Exploringliterature高中同步导练英语必修第二册SectionTwo:Grammarandusage&Integratedskills1.____________n.话题；题目；标题2.____________n.部分，部门；部件，散件3.____________adj.吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的4.____________vt.运输，运送n.交通运输系统；交通车辆；运输5.____________n.火鸡；火鸡肉6.____________n.章节；篇章7.____________n.舞台；阶段；步骤vt.上演，举办topicsectiontransportturkeyI.重点词汇meanchapterstage1.____________adj.特别的，格外的；特指的；挑剔的→____________adv.尤其，特别2.____________n.(同类)收藏品；作品集；募捐→____________vt.收藏，收集；聚集；募捐→____________n.收藏家，收集者3.____________n.慷慨，大方，宽宏大量→____________adj.慷慨的，大方的，宽宏大量的→____________adv.慷慨地，大方地4.____________n.诗集，诗歌→____________n.诗，韵文→____________n.诗人particularcollectionII.词汇拓展collectparticularlycollectorpoemgenerousgenerouslypoetrygenerositypoet1.oughtto________________2.________________尤其，特别3.lookthrough________________4.________________很可能5.comeacross________________6.toone'staste________________7.________________起初，首先应该，应当III.重点短语inparticular浏览belikelyto偶遇，邂逅合某人的口味tostartwith1.Abookreviewcanoftentellyou___________________________________.(P48)书评可以告诉你一本书是否值得一读。2.Taketimetolookthroughthecollectionsindifferentsectionsofyourlocallibrary,andyou_____________________________youlovetoread.(P48)花点时间去浏览当地图书馆的不同类别的藏书，你可能邂逅你喜欢读的书。3.Overtime,youmayfindyourselfbetterableto_______________________andenjoyreadingallthemore.(P48)久而久之，你会发现自己能够更好地挑选适合自己口味的书，并更加陶醉于其中。whetherabookisworthreadingornotIV.重点句式arelikelytocomeacrossbooksseekoutbookstoyourtaste1．“疑问词＋不定式”结构教材原句：Ifyouarenotsurewhattoread,youcangetideasfromdifferentsources,butitisalsoimportanttodevelopyourowntaste.(P48)如果你不确定读什么书，可以从不同的信息源中得到答案，但养成自己的品位也很重要。【功能注释】这个句子当中有一个if引导的条件状语从句，后面出现了“疑问词＋不定式”的结构。后一句it作形式主语，真正的主语为不定式todevelopyourowntaste。【名师点拨】whattoread是“疑问词＋不定式”结构，这种结构是由复合句转化而成的，该结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。Howtobeginismoredifficultthanwheretostop.(作主语)如何开始比到哪里停止还困难。Ishowedherwhichbuttontopress.(作宾语)我告诉她应该按哪一个按钮。Shewasworriedabouthowtospareherleisuretime.(介词后作宾语)她为如何打发她的闲暇时间而发愁。Thequestionishowtocarryouttheplan.(作表语)问题是怎么执行这个计划。[边学边练]完成句子(1)明天什么时候出发还没有定下来。________________tomorrowhasn'tbeendecidedyet.(2)我不知道如何与同学相处。Idon'tknow______________________myclassmates.(3)问题是在哪儿搭建帐篷。Thequestionis________________thetent.(4)我们想要参加旨在教如何快速阅读的课程。Wewanttoattendtheclassthataimstoteach_________________.Whentosetoffhowtogetalongwithwheretosetup

howtoreadfast2．oughttomodal

v.应该，应当教材原句：Tostartwith,askyourfriends,parentsandteacherstorecommendwhatbooksyououghttoread.(P48)首先，你可以询问朋友、父母、老师，建议你该读什么书。【功能注释】这个句子当中有一个祈使句，recommend后面有一个what引导的宾语从句。【名师点拨】(1)oughtto语气比should重，多表示责任、义务、道德、法律等方面。(2)oughtto的否定形式为oughtnotto或oughtn’tto，其一般疑问句形式是将ought置于主语前。—Oughtyoutogotothehospital？——你应该去医院吗？—Yes,Iought(to)．——是的，我该去。

[边学边练]完成句子(1)每个公民都要遵守法律。Everycitizen________________.(2)你不应该做这件事。You________________it.(3)你走之前我有件事要告诉你。ThereissomethingI________________beforeyouleave.oughttoobeylawoughtnottodo

oughttotellyou

3．particular

adj.

特别的；格外的；特指的；挑剔的教材原句：Teachersinparticularcanprovidesuggestionsforinterestingreadingmaterialsthatcanbefoundinthelibraryorbookshopeasily.(P48)特别是教师可以为有趣的阅读材料提供建议，这些材料很容易在图书馆或书店找到。【常见搭配】inparticular尤其，特别(＝particularlyadv.)beparticularabout对……挑剔，对……讲究【名师点拨】(1)inparticular相当于particularly或especially。Thewholemealwasgoodbutthewineinparticularwasexcellent.整顿饭都很好，尤其是酒好。(2)inparticular常用在anyone、anything、anywhere、noone、nothing、nowhere等不定代词后面。Isthereanyoneinparticularthatyouwanttotalkto?你是否特别想跟某人说话？[边学边练]单句语法填空/完成句子(1)Teenagersshouldn'tbeparticular__________foodbuteatwhateverfoodgoodfortheirhealth.(2)Whydidyouchoosethatbook____________(particular)?(3)他的发言是泛指一般情况，不是针对某一个人的。Hisstatementreferstopeopleingeneral,nottoanyone________________.about

particularlyinparticular

4．whether引导宾语从句教材原句：Abookreviewcanoftentellyouwhetherabookisworthreadingornot.(P48)书评会告诉你一本书是否值得一读。【功能注释】这是一个主从复合句，句中whether引导动词后的宾语从句。【名师点拨】whether不仅可以引导宾语从句，还可以引导其他名词性从句，意为“是否”。本句中whether引导的是宾语从句。【易混辨析】whether,ifwhether与if作“是否”讲时，都可以引导名词性从句，两者在用法上有相同之处，但也有不同之处。相同之处(1)whether和if表示“是否”时，都能引导宾语从句，这时两者可以互换，常置于see、ask、learn、tell、wonder、doubt、findout等动词(词组)之后。(2)在beuncertain/doubtful之后，常用whether引导宾语从句，有时也可以用if。Idon'tknowwhether/iftheywillcometohelpus.我不知道他们是否会来帮助我们。不同之处(1)whether可置于句首引导主语从句，而if不能；但如果it作形式主语，则主语从句中可以用if。(2)在宾语从句中，如果从句中有ornot时，分两种情况：①当whether与ornot连成一个词组时，whether不可换用if。②若whether和ornot不连在一起，在口语中可以用if取代whether。(3)whether可用在介词之后，引导宾语从句，而if不能。(4)whether可引导表语从句，而if不能。(5)在名词之后引导同位语从句时，用whether而不用if。Wemustconsiderthequestionwhetherourdaughtershouldmarryhim.我们必须考虑我们的女儿是否要嫁给他这个问题。(6)whether后可接不定式，而if不能。(7)在有些动词(如discuss)之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。(8)可能造成歧义时，用whether而不用if。[边学边练]用“辨析”词语填空(1)Heaskedme____________Icouldhelphim.(2)Shecan’tdecide__________tomarryhim.(3)Wediscussed__________weshouldclosetheshop.(4)Thepointis__________hewillacceptitornot.(5)Successdependson__________wemakeenougheffort.(6)Sheaskedme__________ornotIcouldfinishthetaskinaday.(7)Thequestion__________thestudentsansweredcorrectlyshouldbedecidedbytheteacher.(8)__________hewillcomeisnotcertain.＝Itisnotcertain____________hewillcome.whether/ifwhetherif/whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether5．祈使句＋and＋陈述句句式教材原句：Taketimetolookthroughthecollectionsindifferentsectionsofyourlocallibrary,andyouarelikelytocomeacrossbooksyoulovetoread.(P48)花点时间去浏览当地图书馆的不同类别的藏书，你可能会邂逅你喜欢读的书。【基本用法】“祈使句＋and＋陈述句句式”中祈使句相当于条件状语从句，陈述句相当于结果主句。Workhardandyouwillpassyourexamination.＝Ifyouworkhard,youwillpassyourexamination.努力学习，你就会通过考试。【名师点拨】(1)此句式若为“祈使句＋or＋陈述句”，祈使句相当于一个if引导的否定句。如：Hurryuporyou’llbelate.＝Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llbelate.快点，否则你会迟到的。(2)“名词词组＋and＋陈述句”中名词词组通常含有more、another、further等词。Itisreallyverydangerous.Onemorestep,andthebabywillfallintothewell.真的很危险。再走一步，宝宝就会掉进井里。[边学边练]完成句子(1)关上你身后的恐惧之门，你就会看到信心之门在你面前敞开。________thedooroffearbehindyou,________________thedooroffaithopenbeforeyou.(2)看这些新闻，你就知道世界上最近发生了什么。_______________，andyouwillknowwhathashappenedrecentlyintheworld.(3)要是早来几分钟，我就能见到那位著名的科学家了。______________________，andIcouldhaveseenthefamousscientist.Close

Readthenewsandyou'llsee

Afewminutesearlier6．find后接复合宾语教材原句：Overtime,youmayfindyourselfbetterabletoseekoutbookstoyourtasteandenjoyreadingallthemore.(P48)久而久之，你会发现自己能够更好地挑选适合自己口味的书，并更加陶醉于其中。【功能注释】这是一个简单句。句中反身代词yourself是动词find的宾语，betterabletoseekoutbookstoyourtaste作宾语补足语。【名师点拨】(1)“find＋宾语(sb./sth.)＋宾补(形容词/名词/代词/副词/介词短语)”意为“觉得/发现某人/某物……”Hefoundthetextdifficulttounderstand.他发现这篇课文很难理解。(形容词)Ifounditaboringfilm.我发现那是一部乏味的影片。(名词)Maryhurriedthere,onlytofindthemallout.玛丽匆匆赶到那，结果发现他们都出去了。(副词)Whenhewokeup,hefoundhimselfinhospital.当他醒来时，发现自己在医院里。(介词短语)(2)“find＋宾语(sb./sth.)＋宾补(doing/done)”意为“发现某人/某物正在……/被……”Wefoundhimwaitingtomeetus.我们发现他正等着迎接我们。(现在分词)Theoldmanfoundhishometownmuchchanged.这位老人发现自己的家乡有了很大的变化。(过去分词)[边学边练]完成句子(1)露西发现鲍勃很诚实。______________________________________________________________(2)你会发现她是一个漂亮的女孩。______________________________________________________________(3)我发现很多人已经在那里工作了。______________________________________________________________(4)她发现孩子们在操场上玩。______________________________________________________________(5)当我们到达教室时，发现门已经锁了。______________________________________________________________Youwillfindherabeautifulgirl.LucyfindsBobveryhonest.Ifoundanumberofpeoplealreadyworkingthere.

Shefoundthechildrenplayingontheplayground.Whenwegottotheclassroom,wefoundthedoorlocked.7．dividesth.into把某物分成教材原句：Novelisusuallydividedintoseveralchapters.(P50)小说通常被分为很多个章节。【经典例句】Wedividedtheworkbetweenus.我们共同分担了这项工作。[边学边练]用“辨析”词语的适当形式填空(1)Doyouagreewiththestatementthatboysandgirlsshouldbeeducatedin__________classroomsusingdifferentteachingtechniques?(2)Unitedwestand,__________wefall.(3)Anarrowstrait(海峡)__________NorthAmericafromAsia.(4)Joe__________usintotwogroupstocleanuptheforest.dividedseparate

separatesdivided过去将来时感知以下句子，完成方框下的小题①Wemustknowallthese,ifthebookistospeakitswholemessage.②Ahundredmenmaypassafieldandseeonlydeadgrass…③Toachievethis,itshouldcontaintwoelements:universalinterestandpersonalstyle.④Italsotakesonapersonalstyle—nowritercandescribehumanlifewithoutreflectinghisownlifeandexperiences.1.以上四个句子都使用了情态动词，其后都接动词________。2.句①中的must表示必要性，意为“________”。3.句②中的may表示猜测，意为“________”。4.句③中的should表示劝告或建议，意为“________”。5.句④中的can表示能力，意为“________”。原形必须可能应该能够一、情态动词总概1.朗读左边小段落，完成右边的小结LiuXiangcanrunthe110mhurdleracewithin13seconds.Yethemustworkhardtowinthegoldmedal.Whenhewonthegoldmedal,peoplealloverAsiamusthavefeltproudofhim.这三个划线词都是__________，意义分别为_________________________、_________________、___________________________________。情态动词“能够”，表能力“必须”，表义务“肯定”，对过去的肯定的推测现在进行时(be＋现在分词)定义：情态动词表示说话人的某种____________，对某一动作或状态的某种____________。表示“需要、可以、必须、应当”等。完成时(have/has＋过去分词)(1)can,could,beableto(可能，能够)(2)may,might(可以，可能)(3)must,haveto(必须，不得不)(4)should,oughtto(应该，应当)(5)need(需要)(6)shall,will,would(愿意)(7)dare(敢)(8)usedto(过去常常)基本用法(1)情态动词后面接____________，并与动词原形一起构成____________。(2)情态动词虽有时态的变化，却没有____________的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加s(haveto和beableto除外)。(3)情态动词变为疑问句将情态动词移至_______前。感情或语气态度动词原形谓语人称和数主语2.情态动词的定义、分类及基本用法回顾语法功能例句归纳总结Ability(表能力)HecanspeakEnglishnow.Hecouldn’tspeakEnglishayearago.I’mnotabletocometothegameonFriday.It’snicetobeabletoattendthelecture.AbigfirebrokeoutinABChotelyesterday.Luckilyeveryonewasabletorunoutofthebuilding.(1)can/could只能表示____________的能力。beableto能用于__________时态。3.情态动词的语法功能现在或过去各种Obligation(表义务)Youmustfastenyourseatbelts.Youhavetogohomeonfootnowforthelastbushasleft.Youshouldpayattention.Yououghttopayattention.(2)must表______观上的“必须，不得不”。haveto表______观上的“必须，不得不”。oughtto→should→haveto→must语气由______________。主客弱到强Certainty(肯定)Heisathome.(事实)Hemustbeathome.(非常肯定的推断)Heoughtto/should/couldbeathome.(很可能)Hemaybeathome.(仅仅可能而已)Hemightbeathome.(或许，非常不确定)Hecouldn’tbeathome.(很可能不在家)Hecan’tbeathome.(一定不在家)Heisn’tathome.(事实)(3)不同的“肯定”语气由____________。强到弱Permission(许可)Allpassengersmaynowboard.Wecanboardnow.—CanIwatchtheOlympics?—Yes,youcan．/No,youcan't．—MightIgoshopping?—Yes,youmay．/No,youmaynot．(4)might、could比较________，一般多用于____________句。can、may表达的语言比较______。在以could、might表示征询对方意见或表示请求时，回答应相应使用语气较强的_________。委婉疑问随便can或mayMakerequests(提出请求)Canyouhelpmewithmytraining?Couldyouhelpmewithmytraining?不正式：will、can正式：could、wouldMakesuggestions(提出建议)Shallwedosomeexercisethismorning?

Giveadvice(提出意见)Youshouldn'teatalotbeforeswimming.情态动词语法功能边学边练must1.must可以表示“必须”，也可以表推测“一定，肯定”。表示推测时，只能用于肯定句。2.mustbedoing/do表示对现在的动作进行肯定推测；musthavedone表示对过去发生的事情进行肯定推测。3.must表推测只能用于肯定句。否定和疑问分别用can't和can。Hemusttellalie.Canhetellalie？Hecan'ttellalie.4.must用于一般疑问句中，肯定回答用must，否定式用needn't或don'thaveto，表示“不必”。mustn't表示“禁止，不允许”。翻译/补全句子(1)这台电脑肯定出了问题。______________________________________________________________________(2)你努力学了一整天，一定累了吧。______________________________________________________________________(3)他现在一定在看小说。___________________________________(4)他们在打篮球。他们一定完成了作业。______________________________________________________________________(5)—MustIgothererightnow？—Yes,you______．/No,you______________________.二、情态动词的详细用法Theremustbesomethingwrongwiththecomputer.Youhaveworkedhardallday,andyoumustbetired.Hemustbereadingnovelsnow.Theyareplayingbasketball.Theymusthavefinishedtheirhomework.mustneedn't或don’thavetocan、could和beableto1.can、beableto都可表示“能力”。can的主语是人或物，beableto的主语是人。can只用于现在时和过去时(could)。beableto可以用于各种时态。2.can/couldhavedone是对过去发生的行为的可能性进行推测；can/couldhavedone还可以表示“本能够做某事(却没有做)”。用can、could和beableto填空/完成句子(1)She_____________singthesonginEnglish.(2)Thismachine______________makeyoufeelcomfortable.(3)We'll___________finishtheworksoon.(4)刚才我还看见他了，所以他不可能出国的。Isawhimjustnowsohe_________________abroad.(5)门是锁着的，所以她不可能在家。Thedoorwaslocked.She_________________athome.(6)你本来可以考得更好。You_________________abettermark.can/isabletocan

beabletocouldn'thavegonecouldn'thavebeencouldn'thavehadshall和will1.shall用于第二、三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方承诺、决心、警告、威胁等。Youshallborrowthebook.你可以借这本书。2.shall用于第一、三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。要不要……？……好吗？Shallwego?我们该走了吧？3.表示强制，用于法令、条约、规章中，意为“必须，应该”。4.will用于陈述句中表示决心或决定。理解will或shall在句中的意义(1)YoushallhavethebookwhenIfinishit.__________(2)Shallwebeginourclass?____________(3)WhenshallMikebeabletoleavehospital?__________(4)LiuMeiwillgoandbuytheticketsforthegames.__________允诺征求意见请示决定should和oughtto1.should常表示劝告、建议、命令，与oughtto意义相近。注意：should可表示“居然，竟然”。2.should/oughttohavedone表示责备或批评，意为“本应该做到……但没有做到……”用should或oughtto填空(1)Youngpeople__________learnhowtousecomputers.(2)Ican'tbelievesuchagentleman__________besorudetotheold.(3)You__________________havetoldherthetruthearlier.shouldshould/oughttoshouldmustn't和needn't1.mustn't禁止，一定不能2.needn't不必，没有必要理解下列句子中mustn't或needn't的意思(1)Youmustn'tmissthisfootballmatch.It'sveryimportant.________________(2)Youmustn'tenterthestadiumwithoutaticket.________________(3)Youneedn'twatchthegameifyoudon'twantto.________________(4)Youneedn'tpracticebasketballfivetimesaweek.________________一定不能禁止没有必要不必dare和need两个词既可以作情态动词，又可以是实义动词。(1)他不敢说出他的想法。He________________saywhathethought.＝He____________saywhathethought.(2)你不必今天做完那项工作。You____________finishthatworktoday.＝You____________finishthatworktoday.didn'tdare(to)daren'tneedn'tdon'tneedto1.TheonlythingthatI__________dowasthatIwishedheralonglife.2.Sinceyouhavesuchgoodpreparations,there__________notbeanyproblemaboutpassingthecomingjobinterview.3.Ithasbeenacceptedthatallthestudents__________putonmasksbeforegoingtoschoolincasetheyareinfectedwithfluvirus.4.NowI__________liketoaskyoutolookatsomephotographsifyoudon'tmind.5.Anyone__________beinaroughlifetime,whetherhe/sheis“BaiFumei”or“GaoFushuai”．用适当的情态动词填空could

should

shall

would

can

6.—Whataslowbusthisis!—Yes,we__________justaswellwalk.7.Istillremembermyhappychildhoodwhenmymother__________takemetoDisneylandatweekends.8.Ilovetheweekend,becauseI__________getupearly.9.It__________bethepostmanatthedoor.It'sonlysixo'clock.10.Theprincipalinourschoolhasrecentlypassedarulethatstudents__________wearschooluniformsinourcampus.may/might

would

needn't

can't

shall

推荐信

【写作任务】要求学生写一篇向图书馆推荐需要购买的书籍的信件。具体的写作要呈现以下几个特点：1.首先阐明写作目的；2.推荐书籍种类及原因；3.期待对方回复，并表示感谢。【命题原则】推荐信是写给单位、学校等介绍或说明应聘或求学人员情况的信件，其格式比较正规，用语也很正式。一般包括以下内容：1.应聘者的姓名、个人素质、工作态度和学习成绩；2.与推荐人之间的关系、相识时间及相知的程度；3.推荐人态度明确地支持接受应聘者。【写作要点】1.导语：自我介绍及所推荐的人、物；2.主体：推荐理由；3.结尾：期待对方回复，并表示感谢。【语言特点】1.推荐的主题要突出，内容要清楚；2.推荐的理由一定是与推荐的人或事紧密相连的；3.语言力求简洁明了。【推荐人物的相关词汇及句型】1.能力：haveagiftfor,beskilledin,beexperiencedin,beanexpertin,speakfluentEnglish,creative,aboywithgreatability,efficient,intelligent,etc.2.经历：graduatefrom,beagraduatefrom,majorin,gain/win/getthefirstgradescholarship,getgoodgrades,anall­aroundstudentwithexcellentgradesin,excellentgradesinallsubjects,begiventhetitleof,gain/winthefirstplace,winagold/silver/coppermedal,etc.3.性格：outgoing,easytogetalongwith,enthusiastic,enthusiasmispartofhischaracter,etc.4.Heisanall­aroundstudentwithexcellentgradesinallsubjects.Hehasbeengiventhetitleofthe“excellentstudent”．他是一个各科成绩优异的全方位发展的学生。他被给予了“优秀学生”的称号。5.Asaboywithgreatpotential,heisgoodatsolvingdifficultproblems.作为一个很有潜力的学生，他擅长解决难题。6.LiMing,agraduatefromPekingUniversity,majorsincomputersoftwaredesign.李明，北京大学毕业生，计算机软件设计专业。7.Hehasenjoyedthereputation/titleofthe“excellentgraduate”．他享有“优秀毕业生”的荣誉/称号。【常用句型】开头常用语1.Iamwritingtorecommendtoyou…2.Iwouldliketorecommendtoyou…3.Itisagreathonourformetorecommendtoyou…4.Itakethepleasureinrecommendingtoyou…结尾常用语1.Ifhecanjoinyourcompany,hewillgivefullplaytohistalent.Andyourcompanywillalsobegreatlybenefited.SoIstronglyrecommend…toyou.2.Inaword,hewouldbeagoodchoice.Iwouldbegratefulifyouwouldliketoconsidermyrecommendation.3.Ihopeyoucangivehimachance.Ibelievehewillmakeagreatcontributiontoyourcompany.4.Ihopethatyouwouldtakemyrecommendationintoconsideration/account.【写作模板】

模板一Dear____________，Itaffordsmemuchpleasuretorecommend________(要推荐的人)toyou.Duringhis/hergraduateyears,he/shewasmy____________.Ashis/her________Ifoundhim/her__________.(介绍与此人的关系)His/Herperformanceintheschoolyearswasoutstanding.First,he/shehasshowedgreattalentsin____________.Inaddition,he/shehasaverypleasantpersonality.He/Shehasdevelopedastrongsenseof____________，andworkingwithhim/herisalwayspleasant.Icanstatethathe/shehasallthequalitiesofbeing____________．(介绍此人的能力)Therefore,Irecommendhim/hertoyouwithallmyheart.Shouldyoufavorhim/herwithapositioninyourcompany/Shouldyouaccepthim/herinyouruniversity？Iamsurethathis/herfutureworkwillproveworthyofyourtrust.Ilookforwardtohearingfromyouattheearliestpossiblemoment.Yourssincerely，LiHua

模板二Dear____________，Itakethepleasureinrecommendingtoyou____________(被推荐的人或物).Ihopeyouwillbeinterestedin____________(him/her)．ThereareseveralreasonswhyIthink____________isagoodchoice.Firstly,____________(理由一).Secondly,________