山东省湖北部分重点中学2025届高三英语新起点摸底联考试题含解析

PAGE28-山东省湖北部分重点中学2025届高三英语新起点摸底联考试题（含解析）本试卷共四部分，共8页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。留意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将答题卡上交。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?A.Repairthecar. B.Giveheraride. C.Pickupheraunt.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:OhmyGod!Mycarbrokedown,andIhavetomeetmyauntattherailwaystationbeforenoon.M:Youarelucky.Icandropyouoffonmyway.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howistheweathertoday?A.Cloudyandalittlewindy. B.Clearandalittlewindy. C.Rainyandcool.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Itisaperfectdayforpicnic,isn’tit?W:Itsureis!Thereisn’tapieceofcloudinthesky,andthewindiskeepingitniceandcool.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhomightMr.Petersonbe?A.Anewprofessor. B.Adepartmenthead. C.Gordon’sbestfriend.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:DidyouhearthatMr.Petersoniscomingnextweek,Gordon?M:Yes,soIcalledallthedepartmentheadstomyofficethismorning.Weneedtogivehimreportsonourprogram.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Classmates. B.Teachersandstudents. C.Jobseekerandinterviewer.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:IgotadmittedtoHarvardUniversity.M:Iamveryhappyforyou.Haveyoutoldittoourteacher?W:Notyet.Iwillgivehimapleasantsurprise.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whereisthemannow?A.Inhospital. B.Athome. C.Inthelibrary.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Haven’tseenyouforages!Wherehaveyoubeen?M:Inhospital.Iwasbadlyill.Thedoctorgavemeanoperation.Ileftthehospitalaheadoftimeandhadtostayhereinthelibrarytomakeupthemissedlessons.其次节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Wherewasthecatwhenthemancamein?A.Onthedesk. B.Besidethewindow. C.Inthekitchen.7.Whatwillthespeakersdo?A.GotoJane’sgarden. B.Reporttothepolice. C.TelephoneJane.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Tom.Youlookworried.What'swrong?;M:Hi,Daisy.Iamlookingforthepetcat.Haveyouseenhim?W:Er,beforeIlefttheroom,Isawhimsleepingonthedeskbesidethewindow.M:AndwhenIcameinafewminutesago,Isawhimplayinginthekitchen,butnowhe’smissing.W:Well,Tom,I'msurehe'saroundheresomewhere.Let'strytothinkofwherehemighthavegone.M:Couldhebeinthegarage?Helikestosleepthere.W:IrememberseeinghimplayingwithourneighborJane'sdoginhergarden.And…M:Yeah.Helikesplayingwiththatdog,andsometimeswithherwhitecat.W:OK.Let’sgoandseeifheisthere!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhydoesthemanthinkasmallplantisabadgiftforNelly?A.Shedoesn’tlikeanyplant.B.Shehasreceivedthatkindofgift.C.Sheisn’tgoodatgrowingplants.9WhatwillthewomanbuyforNelly’sbirthday?A.Abunchofflowers. B.Aflowercard. C.Acomputer.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】W:Nelly'sbirthdayiscoming.ThisyearIwanttobuyasmallplantforher.Ithinkitwouldbeanunusualandlastingpresent.M:ButyoushouldhaveknownthatNellyisabsolutelyhopelesswithplants.'Thepoorplantsshekeptalldied.Nellyfeltreallysadaboutit.W:Ireallydon'tknowthat.WhatshouldIbuyheronearth?M:Thoughshedoesn'tlikegrowingflowers,shelikesflowers.W:YoumeanIbuysomeflowersforher?Thatisveryordinary.M:No.Youcanbuyheramonthlyflowercardonline.Soshecanreceiveabunchofflowerseverymonth.W:Soundsgood.I'lldoitatonce.CanIuseyourcomputernow?听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Ataboutthenoon. B.Intheevening. C.Atnight.11.HowwillthemangotoNewZealand?A.Byship. B.Bytrain. C.Byplane.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Gotovisitotherplaces.B.Bookhisticketassoonaspossible.C.Buttheticketrightbeforeheleaves.【答案】10.A11.C12.B【解析】【原文】M:Let'sgoandhavelunchtogether.W:OK.M:Bytheway,I'mthinkingofgoingtoNewZealandaroundChristmasforthreeweeks.It'ssuchabeautifulcountry.I'veneverbeentherebefore.W:Haveyoubookedthefight?M:Notyet.Iamplanningtobookmyfightintwoweeks’time.W:Bookyourfightrightnow.M:Why?W:Becausethelongeryouleaveit,themoreexpensiveitwillbe.Asamatteroffact,thepricesmaydoubleatChristmastime.NewZealandersusuallygohomeforChristmas.M:ThenI'mgoingtobookmyfighttomorrowmorning.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WhydidBrucecometoChinasixyearsago?A.Todobusiness. B.Tofurtherhisstudy. C.Toseesomeplacesofinterest.14.WhenwillthewomanflytoBeijingforthejobinterview?A.NextFriday. B.NextThursday. C.NextMonday.15.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Givehersomeadviceonthejobinterview.B.Accompanyhertothejobinterview.C.Recommendsomeplacesofinterest.16.WhatisDianagoingtodo?A.Goabroadonbusiness. B.FlytoBeijingwithTracy. C.GotovisittheirparentsinBrazil.【答案】13.B14.A15.C16.A【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Bruce.IheardthatyoulivedinBeijingforquiteawhile.M:That'sright,Tracy.IlivedthereforaboutsixyearswhileIdidmyMaster'sandDoctor'sdegrees.Whydoyouask?W:Well,IamflyingtoBeijingforajobinterviewnextFriday.Iwillhaveseveralfreedays,soIplantogooutandseethecity.WheredoyouthinkIshouldgo?M:Wow,Iadmireyou,goingsofarfromLondonforajobinterview!Well,therearemanyplacesthatareworthvisiting,suchastheForbiddenCity,theTempleofHeaven,theSummerPalace,andTian’anmenSquare.Oh,yes!Don'tforgettoplanadayattheGreatWall.That’ssomethingvisitorsshouldnevermiss!W:Soundsgreat!Ican'twaittogo!M:IsyoursisterDianagoingwithyou?W:No,sheisgoingtoBrazilonbusinessnextThursday.She'llbethereforaboutsixdays.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhatwasCatherinetwoyearsago?A.Ahousewife. B.Asalesmanager. C.Anofficeclerk.18.WhatdoesCatherinethinkofbeingastay-at-homemom?A.Tiring. B.Worthless. C.Rewarding.19.WhatdoesSassyrealize?A.Womenshouldbeindependent.B.Parentsbothshouldtakecareoftheirkids.C.Womenshouldbalancethejobandfamilylife.20.WheredoesCynthiacomefrom?A.China. B.Canada. C.TheUS.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.C【解析】【原文】Nowadays,thereisaheateddiscussion:Whichisworthwhile,beingafull-timeworkerorastay-at-homemom?Someofourlisteners，threemomsfromdifferentcountriessharetheiropinions.CatherineisfromChina.Shelovesbeingastay-at-homemom.Twoyearsago,atthebeginningitwastrulyroughforherfrombeingasalesmanagertostayingathome.Yet,shedidnotwantherchildtogrowupwithbothparentsatwork.Now,herdaughterissoontobe3yearsold.It'snotforeveryonebutitisveryrewardinginthelongterm.Sassy,aCanadianmom,thinkstakingcareofchildrenisatemporaryjob,andchildrenwillgrowupandleave.Sherealizesthatwomendonotwanttobedependentonanyoneforbasicfood,clothesandshelter.Ithasbeenhardtoworkandtakecareofherkidsbutshemakesitwork.CynthiacomesfromtheUS.Somedaysshethinkswomenshouldn'tgiveupontheircareers.Andsomedaysshelongsforthelivesstayingathomeoratleastworkpart-time.She'stheonlyonethatsupportsthefamily,soshehasnochoice.其次部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACruise(巡航)linesworldwidesuspendedsailingsMarch13becauseofthespreadofthecoronaviruspandemic.NowcompaniessuchasCarnivalandDisneyarepushingouttheirreturndatesandcancelingmoretripsmeaningpassengerscanreceivefullrefundsforthepriceoftheirtrips.Thosewhowanttotaketheirchancesandpostpone—eventhoughthere’snofirmdatewhenthispandemicwillend—canchoosetoreceiveacreditforafuturecruise.Justremember:Ifyouchooseacredit,youhavegivenupyourrefund.Cruisecompanieswantyoutostickwiththem,andareofferingextraperks(津贴)andcreditstokeepyouonboard.CarnivalCruisesOnWednesday,CarnivalCruisesannounceditwouldsuspendAlaskasailingsthroughJune30andscrapallSanFranciscocruisesfortherestoftheyear.Typicalfive-daycruisesalongtheCaliforniacoastcalledatCatalinaIslandandEnsenada,Mexico,beforereturningtotheBayArea.ThecompanyalsocanceledcruisesaboardCarnivalRadiance(anupgradeoftheCarnivalVictory)throughNov.1,andCarnivalLegend,throughOct.30.CarnivalLegendtypicallysailsfromSeattletoAlaskainsummermonths.Passengerswhosetripshavebeencanceledmayoptforarefundorafuturecruisecredit.DisneyCruiseLineDisneyCruiseLineonMondayextendeditssuspensionforsailingsdepartinginApril.PassengerswhohadticketsonanyofitsfourshipsthroughApril28mayreceivearefundoracruisecreditforatripwithin15monthsoftheiroriginaldeparturedate,accordingtothecompany’swebsite.DisneyalsowarnedpassengersaboutsailingsaboardtheDisneyWonderthatarescheduledtoresumeApril29.Theitinerary(行程)callsforastopinVancouver,Canada,butCanadahascloseditsportsatleastthroughJuly1.21.Whatcanthepassengersselectiftheywanttocruiselater?A.Refunds B.Credits C.Perks D.Chances.22.WhatdoweknowaboutCarnivalCruises?A.CarnivalLegendtypicallysailsfromSeattletoAlaskainwintermonths.B.Passengerswhosetripshavebeencanceledonlychooseafuturecruisecredit.C.CarnivalRadianceiscanceledthroughOct.30.D.SanFranciscocruiseswillbecanceledfortherestoftheyear.23.WhatmayhappenifyouhadticketsonanyoftheshipsofDisneyCruiseLine？A.YouwillreceiverefundsbeforeApril28.B.YourtripwillbedelayedtillJune.C.Youwillreceiveacruisecreditforatrip.D.YouwillreceiverefundsonApril29.【答案】21.B22.D23.C【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了很多邮轮因新冠疫情被取消后，乘客如何获得退款或信用额度。【21题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中Thosewhowanttotaketheirchancesandpostpone—eventhoughthere’snofirmdatewhenthispandemicwillend—canchoosetoreceiveacreditforafuturecruise.可知那些想抓住机会推迟旅行的人，可以选择为将来的游轮之旅获得信用积分，即使这场流行病何时结束还没有确定的日期。由此可知，那些想以后进行游轮之旅的人可以选择获得积分。故选B。【22题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段第一句OnWednesday,CarnivalCruisesannounceditwouldsuspendAlaskasailingsthroughJune30andscrapallSanFranciscocruisesfortherestoftheyear.可知，嘉年华邮轮公司宣布，将在6月30日【23题详解】细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中PassengerswhohadticketsonanyofitsfourshipsthroughApril28mayreceivearefundoracruisecreditforatripwithin15monthsoftheiroriginaldeparturedate,accordingtothecompany’swebsite.可知依据该公司网站显示，在4月28日之前持有该公司四艘船中的任何一艘船票的乘客，可以在原动身日期的15BMorethan£5,500hasbeenraisedafteraplea(请愿)lastMondaybyavetDrScottMiller.Scottsaid:“Iwouldliketosayamassivethank-youtoExpressreadersfrommyself,fromAustraliaandfromthekoalas.It’samazingthatpeoplefromacrosstheworldcanseehowsignificantthecatastrophehasbeen.Idoappreciatethatpeoplearebeingverysupportiveandreachingintotheirpockets.”Anarea,athirdofthesizeofBritainisestimatedtohavebeenravaged(毁坏)sincetheblazes(火灾)beganinSeptember.OnFridayastateofemergencywasdeclaredinthecapitalCanberra,withresidentstoldtopreparetoevacuateasfiresontheoutskirts(市郊)threatenedtospread.Abillionanimalsarefearedtohavedied,including25,000koalas.LastweekScotttoldhowhehadvisitedhishomeland,helpingtosavewildlifeonKangarooIslandoffthecoastofAdelaide.Whilethereherescuedamotherandababykoalawhowerestuckinatree.Thepairwererushedtoafieldhospitalontheislandtobetreated.Themumhadsevereburnstoherpawsandwasbadlydehydrated(脱水的),whileherbabysonhadaneyeinjuryandwasunderweight.Scott,whohasappearedonITV’sThisMorningandBBC’sBluePeter,saidthemotherisshowing“greatsignsofimprovement”andherwoundsarestartingtoheal.Thebabyhasundergonesurgerytohiseyeandis“recoveringfromtheanesthetic(麻药)anddoingwell”.Butheadded:“Themotherremainsdehydratedsoisn’tproducingenoughmilktofeedthebaby.Atthemomentthey’rebeinghousedseverallybutthereisthehopethatwhenthebabyisalittlestrongerhewillbeabletobereturnedtohismother.”Evenaftertheyrecover,thepairwillprobablyspendtheirlivesinanenclosurewhilethebushtakesyearstorecover.Scottsaid:“Sadlypatientsarestillcominginthickandfast.Eachoftheseanimalsisrequiringtobehousedandfed,andregularmedicaltreatmenttotheirinjuries.”24.What

can

be

inferred

from

the

first

two

paragraphs?A.Dr.

Scott

donated

more

than

￡5,500.B.Residents

were

asked

to

move

to

Canberra.C.Numerous

animals

might

have

lost

their

lives.D.A

large

area

of

Britain

hasbeenbadly

damaged

by

the

fire.25.What

did

Dr.

Scott

do

after

returning

to

his

homeland?A.He

was

rushed

to

the

field

hospital

to

receive

treatment.B.He

assisted

to

rescue

the

wildlife

on

Kangaroo

Island.C.He

hosted

the

ITV’S

This

Morning.D.He

fed

the

underweight

baby

koala.26.What

does

the

underlined

word

in

paragraph

5

probably

mean?A.Separately B.Seriously C.Successfully D.Sympathetically27.What’s

the

best

title

of

the

passage?A.A

big

Australian

fire B.People’s

generous

donationC.Koalas’

recovery D.Rescuing

koalas【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲解并描述了在澳大利亚森林大火后受伤的考拉得到人们尤其是Dr.Scott救助的故事。【24题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段最终一句“Abillionanimalsarefearedtohavedied,including25,000koalas..”可知，有十亿动物唯恐已经被烧死了，包括了两万五千只考拉；由此可知，大量动物可能因为火灾失去了生命。故选C。【25题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段第一句“LastweekScotttoldhowhehadvisitedhishomeland,helpingtosavewildlifeonKangarooIslandoffthecoastofAdelaide.”，可知，上周Scott讲解并描述了他如何访问自己的祖国，帮助挽救阿德莱德海岸袋鼠岛上的野生动物。故选B。【26题详解】词义揣测题。依据划线词所在句后半部分“...butthereisthehopethatwhenthebabyisalittlestrongerhewillbeabletobereturnedtohismother.”句意及句中表示转折关系的连词but可推断此处单词为“分别地，各自地”之意，A项符合；而其他选项都不符合语境，故选A。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文并结合第三段第一句LastweekScotttoldhowhehadvisitedhishomeland,helpingtosavewildlifeonKangarooIslandoffthecoastofAdelaide.可知，本文作者主要介绍了在澳大利亚森林大火后受伤的考拉得到人们尤其是Dr.Scott救助的故事，故选D。C“Whileanimalscan’tpickoutprecisenumbers,theycanunderstandthatmoreismore.Interestingly,weknownowthatnumerical（数值的）competenceispresentonalmosteverybranchoftheanimaltreeoflife,”saysAndreasNieder,aneurobiologistfromtheUniversityofTuebingen.“Differentgroupsofanimalsobviouslydevelopedthistrait（特点）independentlyfromothersandthatstronglyindicatesthatithastobeofadaptivevalue.”Honeybees,forinstance,canrememberthenumberoflandmarkstheypasswhensearchingforfoodinordertofindtheirwaybacktothehive.Thelastcommonancestorbetweenhoneybeesandprimateslivedabout600millionyearsago.Butstill,theyevolvednumericalcompetencethat,inmanyrespects,iscomparabletovertebrate（脊椎动物的）numericalcompetence.Also,forexample,malefrogssing“advertisement”callstoattractfemales.Thefemales,listeningforthecomplexityoftheircalls,choosethemalethatsingsthemostcalls.Wolvesaremorelikelytohuntsuccessfullyiftheyhavetherightnumberofwolvesintheirpackforthesizeoftheirprey（猎物）:Withpreylikedeer,onlyaroundsixtoeightwolvesareneeded,whilehuntingwildoxrequiresapackofninetothirteen.Theirpreyalsousesthisconcepttoprotectthemselvesfrompredators—deertendtoliveinlargeherdstoreducethechanceofanyindividualbecomingprey.Soobviouslytheyareassessingthenumberofindividualsintheirgroupsfortheireverydaylifesituations.Despitethesemanyexamplesofnumericalcompetenceinanimals,thissubjecthasnotgottenmanyfirst-handstudies.“Manyofthesebehavioralfindingsinthewildhaveusuallybeencollectedasby-productsoraccidentalfindingsofotherresearchquestions,”saysNieder.Hearguesthatmoreresearchneedstobedonetofullyunderstandthenumericalcompetence.28.Thephenomenonofanimalshavingtheirownnumericalcompetenceshowsthat.A.allgroupsofanimalsarerelatedinsomewaysB.numericalcompetencemusthaveasurvivalbenefitC.theintelligenceofanimalsvarieswithdifferentenvironmentsD.animals’numericalcompetenceisdeterminedbytheiradaptability29.Whatroledoesnumericalcompetenceplayinwolves’hunting?A.Ithelpsthemformhuntinggroups.B.Itgivesthemmoreoptionstohunt.C.Itmakesthemdiscovermoreprey.D.Itoffersthemnewskillstohunt.30.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopthistext?A.Bylistingfigures. B.Byaskingquestions.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bymakingcomparisons.31.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A.Abiologytextbook. B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Atravelbrochure. D.Aresearchpaper.【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲解并描述最近一项探讨，动物不仅具有理解数字的实力，而且这一实力还对它们的日常生活有着巨大的影响。【28题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段最终一句“Differentgroupsofanimalsobviouslydevelopedthistrait（特点）independentlyfromothersandthatstronglyindicatesthatithastobeofadaptivevalue.”以及其次段列举的例子可知，不同的动物群体明显地独立于其他动物发展出这种特殊的数字实力，这剧烈地表明它必需具有适应性价值。由此可推知，动物具有的数字实力是为了生存须要。故选B。【29题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段第一句“Wolvesaremorelikelytohuntsuccessfullyiftheyhavetherightnumberofwolvesintheirpackforthesizeoftheirprey（猎物）:Withpreylikedeer,onlyaroundsixtoeightwolvesareneeded,whilehuntingwildoxrequiresapackofninetothirteen.”可知，假如狼群中狼群的数量与猎物的大小相符，狼更有可能胜利捕食:像鹿这样的猎物，只须要大约6到8只狼，而捕猎野牛则须要9到13只狼群。由此可知，数字实力在狼的狩猎中能帮助它们形成狩猎群体。故选A。【30题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段Honeybees,forinstance…;Also,forexample,malefrogssing“advertisement”callstoattractfemales.;第三段Wolvesaremore…和deertendtoliveinlargeherds…可知，文章中作者是通过列举honeybees,frogs,wolves,deer这些例子来说明的。故选C。【31题详解】推理推断题。阅读文章，并依据最终一段Despitethesemanyexamplesofnumericalcompetenceinanimals,thissubjecthasnotgottenmanyfirst-handstudies.可知，本文讲解并描述最近一项探讨，动物不仅具有理解数字的实力，而且这一实力还对它们的日常生活有着巨大的影响，所以本文应当选自一篇探讨论文。故选D。DToaddresstheplasticpollutiontroublingtheworld’sseasandwaterways,CornellUniversitychemistshavedevelopedanewpolymer(聚合物)thatcandegrade(降解)whenexposedtoultraviolet(紫外线的)radiation,accordingtotheresearchpublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanChemicalSociety.“Wehavecreatedanewplasticthathasthemechanicalpropertiesrequiredbycommercialfishinggear.Ifiteventuallygetslostinthewaterenvironment,thismaterialcandegradeonarealistictimescale,”saidleadresearcherBryceLipinski,professorofchemistryandchemicalbiologyatCornellUniversity.“Thismaterialcouldreducepersistentplasticaccumulationintheenvironment.”Commercialfishingcontributestoabouthalfofallfloatingplasticwastethatendsupintheoceans.Fishingnetsandropesareprimarilymadefromthreekindsofpolymers,noneofwhicheasilydegrade.“Whileresearchofdegradableplasticshasreceivedmuchattentioninrecentyears,”Lipinskisaid,“obtainingamaterialwiththemechanicalstrengthcomparabletocommercialplasticremainsadifficultchallenge.”Coatesandhisresearchteamhavespentthepast15yearsdevelopingthenewplasticcalledisotacticpolypropyleneoxide,oriPPO.Whileitsoriginaldiscoverywasin1949,themechanicalstrengthofthismaterialwasunknownbeforethisrecentwork.Thehighisotacticityandpolymerchainlengthoftheirmaterialmakesitdifferentfrompreviousplasticsandprovidesitsmechanicalstrength.LipinskinotedthatwhileiPPOisstableinordinaryuse,iteventuallybreaksdownwhenexposedtoUVlight.Thechangeintheplastic’scompositionisevidentinthelaboratory,but“visually,itmaynotappeartohavechangedmuchduringtheprocess,”hesaid,“Therateofdegradationislightintensity-dependent,butundertheirlaboratoryconditions,thepolymerchainlengthsdegradedtoaquarteroftheiroriginallengthafter30daysofexposure.”Lipinskiandotherscientistswantnotraceofthepolymertobeleftintheenvironment.HenotesthereisprecedentforthebiodegradationofsmallchainsofiPPOwhichcouldeffectivelymakeitdisappearandongoingeffortsaimtoprovethis.32.Whatisspecialaboutthenewpolymer?A.Itcanreduceplasticconsumption. B.Itisexpectedtolowerfishingcosts.C.Itcandegradeplasticwasteintheseawater. D.Ithasbeendevelopedtosolveplasticpollution.33.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?A.Fishingshouldbeforbiddeninthesea.B.Itrequiresgreatefforttoinventthenewplastic.C.Netsandropesarenotthemajorpollutionsource.D.Degradableplasticswerenotstudieduntilrecently.34.WhatdidtherecentstudyfindaboutiPPO?A.Itsoriginaluse. B.Itsspecialintensity.CItsmechanicalstrength. D.Itscomplexcomposition.35.WhatisLipinski’sattitudetowardsthefutureofiPPO?A.Hopeful. B.Indifferent. C.Skeptical. D.Negative.【答案】32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。《美国化学会志》上发表的一项探讨中提到，为了解决困扰世界海洋和水道的塑料污染问题，康奈尔高校的化学家们研发了一种新的聚合物，该聚合物暴露在紫外线辐射下可降解。文章主要说明白这一新材料的一些特点优势，和仍旧面临的一些问题。【32题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段Toaddresstheplasticpollutiontroublingtheworld’sseasandwaterways,CornellUniversitychemistshavedevelopedanewpolymer(聚合物)thatcandegrade(降解)whenexposedtoultraviolet(紫外线的)radiation,accordingtotheresearchpublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanChemicalSociety.可知，依据发表在《美国化学学会杂志》上的探讨，为了解决困扰世界海洋和水道的塑料污染问题，康奈尔高校的化学家们开发了一种新的聚合物，这种聚合物暴露在紫外线辐射下可以降解。由此可知，这种新型聚合物的特殊之处在于它是为了解决塑料污染而发展起来的。故选D。【33题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段中“Whileresearchofdegradableplasticshasreceivedmuchattentioninrecentyears,”Lipinskisaid,“obtainingamaterialwiththemechanicalstrengthcomparabletocommercialplasticremainsadifficultchallenge.”可知，Lipinski说：“虽然近年来可降解塑料的探讨受到了很大关注，但获得一种机械强度可与商业塑料媲美的材料仍旧是一项艰难的挑战。”由此推知，独创这种新塑料须要很大的努力。故选B。【34题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段中Thehighisotacticityandpolymerchainlengthoftheirmaterialmakesitdifferentfrompreviousplasticsandprovidesitsmechanicalstrength.可知，其材料的高等度和聚合物链长度使其不同于以往的塑料，并供应了机械强度。由此可知，最近的探讨发觉了iPPO可以供应机械强度。故选C。【35题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段Lipinskiandotherscientistswantnotraceofthepolymertobeleftintheenvironment.HenotesthereisprecedentforthebiodegradationofsmallchainsofiPPOwhichcouldeffectivelymakeitdisappearandongoingeffortsaimtoprovethis.可知，Lipinski和其他科学家不希望这种聚合物残留在环境中。他指出，iPPO小链的生物降解已有先例，可以有效地使其消逝，而正在进行的努力旨在证明这一点。由此推知，Lipinski对iPPO将来的看法是充溢希望的。故选A。其次节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。LeadershiplessonsfromSingaporeTheCOVID-19outbreakiscausingalarmaroundtheworld,buthereinSingapore,thesmallislandcountryhasmanagedtomostlycontainthespreadquiterapidly.___36___Learningfromthepast--readyforthefuture.“Hereisyourkeycard,officekeyandpersonalthermometer,”saidtheuniversityadministratorwhenIstartedteachingmanyyearsago.Iwaspuzzledwiththethermometerasastandard-issuedeviceforeveryemployee.___37___SinceIwasnothereduringthe2003SARSoutbreak,Ineverappreciatedtheimportanceofhavingathermometerinmydeskdrawer,butnowIuseittwicedaily.___38___“Everyinstructormustcompletethetrainingfordeliveringtheircoursesonlineincaseofemergency,”theuniversitytoldusoversevenyearsago.Itseemedabitunnecessaryatthetime.Butallofuscompletedthetraining--andwereretestedeachsemester.Whowouldhavethoughtthatin2024wewouldneedtoshiftmorethan1,000coursesonlinewithlessthan12hours'notice!Thatcouldnothavebeenaccomplishedwithoutthepreviousefforts.Clarifyingexpectations--universaldiligence.“Stoprightthere!Giveme10feetandthenyoucancomeby,”saysmycolleagueasImeetherinthecommonhallway.___39___Largegatheringsarecanceledandrestaurantsareemptyasweallspendmoretimeathometoavoidinteractionswithothers.Toenteramall,restaurantoranybuildingonourcampus,youmustpassatemperaturescreeningandoftenrecordyourpresence.___40___Inspiteoftheglobalcrisis,classesanduniversityoperationshavecontinuedwithoutdisruption.A.Thevirusishardtocontain.B.Planningalternatives--theabilitytomovequickly.C.Asawitness,Imustshareafewleadershiplessons.D.Thenation’sreadinessforemergencieshelpstofightthevirus.E.Howoftendowereallytakelessonsfromthepasttoprotectourfuture?F.Infact,Ioncejokedthattheyshouldalsogiveusasnorkel(水肺)incaseoftsunamis.G.Wearestillfriends,butitisourresponsibilitytoavoidunnecessaryhumancontact.【答案】36.C37.F38.B39.G40.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。在新冠肺炎在全球范围爆发的形式下，新加坡限制了疫情的扩散。文章介绍了新加坡在抗击新冠肺炎中的一些阅历。【36题详解】上一句提到“新冠肺炎的爆发引起了全世界的恐慌，但在新加坡，这个小岛国设法限制住了疫情扩散。”承接上文，C选项“作为一个目击者，我必需共享一些领导阅历。”切题。且下文中列举了一些举措。故选C项。【37题详解】上一句提到“将体温计作为每个雇员的标准发行设备，我很不理解。”承接上文，F选项“事实上，我还开玩笑说他们也应当给发一个水肺以防海啸。”切题，且选项是不理解的一种表现。故选F项。【38题详解】下一句提到“每一位教员都必需完成网上授课培训，以防紧急状况，这是七年前高校这么跟我说的。”承接上文，B选项“制定替代方案——快速行动的实力。”切题。且B选项与上文的learningfromthepast--readyforthefuture和下文的clarifyingexpectations--universaldiligence这两个小标题平行。故选B项。【39题详解】上一句提到“停下！离我10英尺，然后你就可以过来了，我在走廊遇到同事时，她这么说。”承接上文，G选项“我们仍旧是挚友，但是我们有责任避开不必要的身体接触。”切题，且选项是对前文保持距离的进一步说明。故选G项。【40题详解】下一句提到“尽管全球危机，课堂和高校的运作仍在接着。”承接上文，D选项“国家对紧急状况的打算有助于抗击病毒。”切题，因为提前应对紧急状况保证了教学。故选D项。第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thissemester,IamstudyingabroadatMahidolUniversityinThailand.Oneday,ItraveledtoKancheanaburiwithtwofriends.Aftervisitingourlastdestination,duetothe____41____oflocaltransportation,wedecidedtotakealongwalktothestationto____42____thelastbusat8p.m.back.However,whenwearrivedaround7:20p.m.,weweretoldbythestafftherethatwewenttothewrongplace.Wedidnoteventhinkabout____43____thiscouldhappenorwhereweactuallyweresincetheonly_____44_____thenwashowtogettothestationontime.Withnotaxiontheroadandnobustothestation,wewere____45____there.Seeingouranxiety,thestaffsaidtheycouldhelpus.Themalestafferimmediatelystoppedhavinghisdinnerand____46____themotorcycleengine.However,thatmotorcycle,astheonlytransportationthey____47____atthattime,couldonlytakeonepassenger.Itwouldtake____48____15minutesforaroundtrip.Around7:40p.m.,Iwasstillthere.Suddenly,ayoungmancameto____49____someoneoffwithamotorcycle.Thefemalestaffer,whokepttalkingwithmetoalleviate（缓和）myworry