小升初语法总复习知识点+练习题之名词-基础版（含答案）

小升初语法-名词（基础篇）考点一:名词的分类名词可以分为专出名词和一般名词，专出名词是某个（些）人、地方、机构等的专出名称，如:John，Shanghai。一般名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名称,如:worker，water。考点二：名词的数名词可分为可数名词和不行数名词。可数名词又可以分为单数和复数两种形式。1.名词复数的变化规章:状况构成例词一般状况加-sgirl-girlsbook-books以-s,-sh,-x,-ch结尾的单纯词加-esbox-boxeswatch-watches以辅音字母加-y结尾的单词变y为i，再加-esfamily-familiesbaby-babies以-f或-fe结尾的单词多数变f或fe为v，再加-eslife-livesknife-knives以-o结尾的单词有生命的加-es无生命的加-sradio-radioszoo-zoosphoto-photostomato-tomatoespotato-potatoes2.复合名词变复数一般只变后面的主体名词。如:appletrees(特殊:menteachers,womendoctors)3.常见不规章名词的复数:man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,sheep-sheep,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese4.不行数名词一般只有单数形式，没有复数形式。专出名词、抽象名词和物质名词一般为不行数名词。常见的不行数名词有:meat,fish,beef,drink,coffee,milk,paper,earth,light,sand,sunshine,work,money,weather,information...考点三：名词全部格1.在英语中有些名词可以通过加“s”来表示所属关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的全部格。如:Where'sLinTao'sbike?林涛的自行车在哪儿?2.假如原词已经有复数词尾s，则仅仅加一个全部格符号“’”。如:theteachers'office老师的办公室3.假如是复数，但不带词尾s，则仍旧加“'s”。如:thosemen'shats那些男士的帽子4.假如表示各自的所属关系时，名词末尾均需加“'s”。如:Jim'sandKate'sglasses吉姆和凯特各自的眼镜5.假如表示共同的所属关系时，仅在最终一词的末尾加“'s”。如:JimandKate'skite吉姆和凯特的风筝（两人共同拥有的）6.假如表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词全部格后面经常不消灭它所修饰的名词。如:ShallwegotoMeimei'sforsupper?我们一起到梅梅家去吃晚饭,好吗?7.表示无生命的名词，常用“of+名词”表示全部关系。如:Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.这是一张我家的全家福。【经典例题】例1写出下列单数名词的复数形式。pen-（） foot-（） tomato-() leaf-（）[答案]pensfeettomatoesleavesleaves[名师点拨]pen是一个规章名词，它的复数形式是直接在词尾加-s；foot为不规章变化的名词，它的复数形式是将oo改为ee；tomato变复数时，应在词尾加-es；leaf以í结尾，其复数形式应变f为v，再加-es。例2I'dlike_________coffee,please. A.cup B.cups C.acupof[答案]C[名师点拨]coffee为不行数名词在表示量的时候要借助量词（名词短语）来修饰，因此应用“acupof”。例3Therearealotofchildrenintheparkon_________Day. A.Children B.Children's C.children[答案]B[名师点拨]children是child的复数形式，由于children不以s结尾，它的全部格形式为children's，又因“儿童节”是专出名词，所以它的首字母应大写。例4--Isitthetwins'bedroom?--Yes,itis.It's_________. A.LucyandLily's B.LucyandLily C.Lucy'sandLily's[答案]A[名师点拨]本题考查两者共同拥有一物时的全部格形式，表示两人共同拥有某物时，在后一个人名后加's。练习一、写出下列名词的复数形式。1.orange_________ 2.baby_________ 3.monkey_________4.piano_________ 5.child_________ 6.shelf_________7.bed_________ 8.country_________ 9.family_________10.toy_________ 11.tooth_________ 12.radio_________13.photo_________ 14.tomato_________ 15.woman_________16.knife_________ 17.sheep_________ 18.ship_________19.dish_________ 20.mouse_________二、把下面方框中的词按要求归类。pencilboxbagchilddrinkchairbreadriceapplemoneywaterbananamilkdogjuicezoocoffeeshoeegggirl可数名词:___________________________________________________________不行数名词:_________________________________________________________三、用所给单词的正确形式填空。1.Therearethree_________(chair)intheclassroom.2.Myfatherlikestoeat_________(potato).3.Chinese_________(people)liketoeatnoodles.4.Ihavetwo_________(pencil-box).5.Therearesome_________(bus)inthestreet.6.Inautumn,youcanseealotof_________(leaf)ontheground.7.Therearesome_________(glass)onthetable.8.Ihavetwo_________(sister).*9._________(teacher)DayisonSeptember10th.10.The_________(child)areplayingfootballnow.四、单项选择。()1.Icanseethree_________inthezoo. A.monkeyes B.monkeys C.monkeies()2.Thepighasfour_________. A.foot B.feet C.foots()3.Mytwobrothersare_________. A.policeman B.policemans C.policemen()4.Icanseeten_________inthepicture. A.sheep B.dog C.pig()5.The_________hasthree_________ A.boys;watches B.boy;watchs C.boy;watches()6.Canyousee_________ontheplate? A.bread B.breads C.breades()7.Thegirloftenbrushesher_________beforeshegoestobed. A.tooth B.toothes C.teeth()8.Mr.Blackdrinkssome_________everymorning. A.milk B.milks C.milkes()9.Therearesome_________onthefloor. A.child B.man C.books()10.--Canyouspeak_________?--Yes,Ican. A.China B.Chinese C.America()11.Iwanttodrinktwo_________. A.cupsofwater B.cupofwater C.cupsofwaters()12.Thecatatetwo_________lastnight. A.mouses B.mice C.mouse()13.Ineedapenandsome_________. A.pencils B.desk C.chair()14.Theycomefromdifferent_________. A.countrys B.countries C.country()15.Howmany_________canyouseeinthepicture? A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato()16.Thereisno_________inthebowl. A.apples B.oranges C.rice()17.Iliketoeatcakewith_________. A.cherries B.cherry C.cherrys()18.My_________roomisnexttothereadingroom. A.teacher B.teacher's C.teachers()19.Themanwriteslotsofbooks.Heisa_________. A.secretary B.coach C.writer()20.--Whatwouldyouliketodrink?--I'dlike_________. A.somehamburgers B.somefish C.somewater()21.Ihaveafew_________onthedesk. A.astorybook B.storybook C.storybooks()22.Thewomaninablackdressis_________mother. A.LucyandLily's B.Lucy'sandLily C.Lucy'sandLily()23.--Wouldyoulikebeefand_________noodles?--No.ButIlikenoodleswithbeefand_________. A.carrot;tomato B.carrot;tomatoes C.carrots;tomatoes()24.--CanIhelpyou,madam?--Iwant_________. A.twobo