基于语篇的阅读理解之说明文备考策略课件高三下学期英语二轮复习专项

基于语篇的阅读理解

之说明文备考策略1.近三年新高考阅读理解说明文命题规律1.以“人与自然，人与社会”两大主题语境为主，涉及科学与技术、自然生态与环境等多个主题;2.阅读理解说明文体占比大，但整体难度趋于平稳。B

人与社会

零废弃的生活方式观事造源、备考策略：整体掌握各类型语篇结构及高考命题方式备考策略：整体掌握各类型语篇结构及高考命题方式2024新高考Ⅱ29.WhatinformationdoestheconvenientAPPoffer?（2020浙江1月B）①Milwaukee,

Wisconsin,

isroadtestinganewwaytokeepwinterroadsice-freebyspreadingonthemcheesebrine,

thesaltyliquidusedtomakesoftcheeses,

likemozzarella.②Wisconsin,

alsocalled“America’sDairyland,”isfamousforitscheese.Thestateproduced2.8

billionpoundsofcheeselastyear!

Asaresult,

therewasalotofleftovercheesebrine.

Disposingof（处置）thebrinecanbeexpensive.Sowhatshouldcheesemakersdowiththewaste?③Normally,

townsuserocksalttode-icestreets.Thesaltlowerswater’sfreezingpoint,

causingicetomelt（融化）.Butusingcheesebrinecouldhelpbothcheeseproducersandcitiessavemoney,

whilekeepingroadssafe.Cheesebrinehassaltinit,

which,

liketherocksalt,

helpslowerwater’sfreezingpoint.④Inadditiontosavingmoney,

cheesebrinecouldalsobeamoreeco-friendlyoption.Manypeoplesuspectthatalltherocksaltusedeverywinterisharmingtheenvironment.⑤Rocksaltismadeofsodiumchloride,

thesamecompound（化合物）inordinarytablesalt.Soundsharmless,

right?

Butwhileyouprobablyaddonlyasmallamountofsalttoyourfood,

roadcrewsspreadabout20milliontonsofsaltonU.S.roadseveryyear！⑥Thechemicalwashesoffroadsandgoesintotheground.Thereitcanpollutedrinkingwater,

harmplants,

andeatawaysoil.Byspreadingcheesebrineonstreetsbeforeaddingalayerofrocksalt,

Milwaukeemaybeabletocutitsrocksaltuseby30percent.⑦Cheesebrinehasadownsidetoo,asmellsimilartothatofbadmilk.“Idon’treallymindit,”EmilNorbytoldModernFarmermagazine.HeworksforoneofWisconsin’scountyhighwaycommissionsandcameupwiththeideaofusingcheesebrine.

“OurroadssmelllikeWisconsin!”hesaid.Para1提出新做法Para2产生原因Para3运行原理Para4-6优点缺点及评议24.Whycancheesebrinehelpkeepwinterroadsice-free?25.Whatisbenefitofusingcheesebrineonroads?26.Milwaukee’snewwaytode-icestreetsmaybeanexampleofkillingtwobirdswithonestone.设题紧扣说明对象，与篇章结构一一对应。(23年浙江1月D)①AccordingtotheSolarEnergyIndustryAssociation,thenumberofsolarpanelsinstalled（安装）hasgrownrapidlyinthepastdecade,andithastogrowevenfastertomeetclimategoals.Butallofthatgrowthwilltakeupalotofspace,andthoughmoreandmorepeopleaccepttheconceptofsolarenergy,fewlikelargesolarpanelstobeinstallednearthem.②Solardeveloperswanttoputuppanelsasquicklyandcheaplyaspossible,sotheyhaven'tgivenmuchthoughttowhattheyputunderthem.Often,they'llendupfillingtheareawithsmallstonesandusingchemicalstocontrolweeds.Theresultisthatmanycommunities,especiallyinfarmingregions,seesolarfarmsasdestroyersofthesoil.③“Solarprojectsneedtobegoodneighbors,”saysJordanMacknick,theheadoftheInnovativeSitePreparationandImpactReductionsontheEnvironment（InSPIRE）project.“Theyneedtobeprotectorsofthelandandcontributetotheagriculturaleconomy.”InSPIREisinvestigatingpracticalapproachesto“low-impact”solardevelopment,whichfocusesonestablishingandoperatingsolarfarmsinawaythatiskindertotheland.Oneoftheeasiestlow-impactsolarstrategiesisprovidinghabitatforpollinators（传粉昆虫）.④Habitatloss,pesticideuse,andclimatechangehavecauseddramaticdeclinesinpollinatorpopulationsoverthepastcoupleofdecades,whichhasdamagedtheU.S.agriculturaleconomy.Over28stateshavepassedlawsrelatedtopollinatorhabitatprotectionandpesticideuse.Conservationorganizationsputoutpollinator-friendlinessguidelinesforhomegardens,businesses,schools,cities—andnowthereareguidelinesforsolarfarms.⑤Overthepastfewyears,manysolarfarmdevelopershavetransformedthespaceundertheirsolarpanelsintoashelterforvariouskindsofpollinators,resultinginsoilimprovementandcarbonreduction.“Thesepollinator-friendlysolarfarmscanhaveavaluableimpactoneverythingthat'sgoingoninthelandscape,”saysMacknick.P1-2产生背景P3介绍新事物P4运行原理评议前景32.Whatdosolardevelopersoftenignore?33.WhatdoesInSPIREaimtodo?

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

34.Whatisthepurposeofthelawsmentionedinparagraph4?

设题紧扣说明对象（22年新高考1卷C）①Theelderlyresidents（居民）incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolookafter

tostopthemfeelinglonely.②Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity（慈善组织）toreducelonelinessand

improveelderlypeople'swellbeing,Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.Staffincarehomeshavereportedareductionintheuseof

medicinewherehensareinuse.③Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.Shesaid:

“IusedtokeephenswhenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwent

toschool.④"Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehens

outanddownthereagainatnighttoseethey'vegonetobed.⑤"It'sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethe

hensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.I'menjoyingthecreativeactivities,

anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful."⑥Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,

andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.⑦WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkon

the

project,said:"Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.We

arelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere."⑧LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:"Wearehappytobetakingpartin

theproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreative

activities."Para1提出新做法Para2产生原因Para3-6实施

优点Para7-8评议28.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?29.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"embarkon"meaninparagraph7?31.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?设题紧扣说明对象senseofachievementwell-receivedWhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadesto

decimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水

禽

)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct(Act),anincreasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory(迁徙的)waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.TheveryfirstFederal