2021-2022学年江苏省高邮市高二上学期期中学情调研英语试题（解析版）（不含听力音频）

2021-2022学年江苏省高邮市高二上学期期中学情调研英语试题第一部分听力理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthewoman’shome. B.Inaclothingshop. C.Inashoeshop.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Wow!Beautifulhomeyouhavehere.W:Thanks.Letmetakeyourcoat.Andwouldyouleaveyourbaghere?M:Ohyeah.DoIneedtotakeoffmyshoes?2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthespeakersprobablydo?A.Haveawalk. B.Goswimming. C.Rideabike.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Let’sgoforawalk.W:That’sboring.Let’srideinthebackyard.M:It’ssohot.Whynotgoswimminginstead?W:Goodidea.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchwillthemanpayforthetickets?A.$18. B.$20. C.$28.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Howmuchistheticketfortomorrow’sshow?W:It’s$10peradultand$8perchild.M.Threeticketsplease.Twoticketsforadultandoneforchild.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthewomanprefertogobycar?A.Itisfast. B.Itischeap. C.Itisconvenient.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:HowwouldyougotoShanghai?M:Iprefertotakethetraintosavemoney.Whataboutyou?W:Bycar.Weneedn’tbothertocarryluggage.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowdoesJackfeelnow?A.Confident. B.Discouraged. C.Pleased.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Jackwasquiteconfidentafterthetest.ButhejustgotaC.M:Nowonderhewearsalongface.W:Ihopehecanbepleasedassoonaspossible.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Howdidthewomanloseweight?A.Shedidsomesports.B.Shehadahealthydiet.C.Sheskippedsomemeals.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Buyingsomecheapfood.B.Startingahealthyfoodclub.C.Bringingvegetablesfromhome.【答案】6.B7.B【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Simon.Howaboutyoursummerholiday?M:Great.Ididalotofexercise,likejoggingandboxing.Youlookmuchslimmer.Howdidyouachievethat?W:Stayawayfromfastfood.Rememberthedayswhenweusedtohavefastfood?M:Ofcourse,anditcontainsmuchfatandsalt.W:SoIhadmorefruits,milkandvegetablesduringthewholeholiday.Ilost10pounds.M:Amazing.Ialsowanttoloseafewpounds.Wouldyouhelpme?W:Sure.Firstofall,youcanbringapples,carrotsandsoonfromhomeandlet’smakesomejuice.M:Muchcheaperthanbuyingfastfood.Whynotsetupahealthyfoodclub?W:Goodidea.M:I’msureourclassmateswilljoinus.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhatdidthemanthinkoftheirtriptoIceland?A.Great. B.Boring. C.Expensive.9.WhatproblemdidthemanprobablyhaveinIceland?A.Thelanguage. B.Theroute. C.Theaccommodation.10.Whatisworthbuyingaccordingtotheman?A.Fashionablebags. B.Woolsweaters. C.Warmgloves.【答案】8.A9.A10.B【解析】【原文】W:Longtimenosee.Wherehaveyoubeen?M:MywifeandIhavejustfinishedourtripinIceland.W:Cool.Howaboutthetrip?M:Weskiedandvisitedvolcanoes.Thoughtired,wehadagoodtime.W:Howwastheweather?M:Itwasverycold.Soyou’dbettertakesomewarmclothesandwearglovesifyougothere.W:Whataboutthehotels?Didtheychargealot?M:Excellentbutnotexpensive.Andpeopleinthehotelswereveryhelpfulandfriendly.W:DolocalpeoplespeakEnglish?M:Mm,youknowfewcanspeakEnglish.SometimesIhadtousebodylanguagetocommunicate.W:Interesting.Anddidyoubuymuchwhileyouwerethere?M:Bagstherearefashionablebutmuchmoreexpensivethanthoseinourstate.Butyoucangetsomewoolsweatersaspresents.W:Wow,I’mlookingforwardtoit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Howdidthemangettheinformationoftheapartment?A.OntheInternet. B.Fromafriend. C.Inanewspaper.12.Whydoesthewomanwanttorenttheapartment?A.Sheisgoingtomovetoanothercity.B.Sheisgoingtolivewithherparents.C.Sheisgoingtofurtherherstudyabroad.13.Whatdoesthewomanprobablymindthemandoing?A.Keepingpets. B.WatchingTV. C.Havingvisitors.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【解析】【原文】M:IsthatMs.Smith?W:Yes.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Hello,Ms.Smith.ThisisJohn.MyfriendLindatoldmethatyouhaveatwo-bedroomapartmenttorent.Isthatright?W:Yes.MyparentshavemovedtoanothercityandIamgoingtostudyabroadfortwoyears.M:Doyouhaveanyfurniture?W:Ofcourse.Itisequippedwithallthebasicfurniture,suchasaTVsetandafridge.M:That’sOK.DoesithaveInternetaccess?W:Definitely.M:Great.Howmuchistherent?W:300dollarsamonth.M:OK.Bytheway,whatelseshouldIpayattentionto?W:Ifyouhavevisitors,avoidmakingtoomuchnoise.M:Howaboutkeepingdogs?W:Well,youknowtheywouldmakeamess.M:Isee.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whereistheartexhibitionheld?A.AttheExhibitionCentre.B.AtthePopularArtC.AttheCityShoppingCentre.15.Whatisthewomanmostinterestedin?A.Modernpaintings. B.Shortmovies. C.Sculptures.16.Whichsectionisthemostpopular?A.Thevideosection. B.Thepaintingsection. C.Thephotographysection.17.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Fanandartist. B.Shopperandassistant. C.Friends.【答案】14.C15.A16.C17.C【解析】【原文】M:Doyouknowthereisanartexhibitioninourcity?W:No.IguessitmustbeattheExhibitionCentre.M:Ithoughtitwasthereatfirst,oratthePopularW:Areyoukidding?Icouldn’tbelieveit.M:Yes.Ifinditkindofcool.W:Whatisbeingdisplayed?Iamacrazyfanofmodernpaintings.M:Thereisapaintingsectionshowingtheworksofcontemporaryartists.W:Fantastic!Whataboutothersections?M:Thereisalsoaphotographysection,asculpturesectionandavideosection.W:Avideosection?M:Yeah,shortmoviesaboutfamousartists.It’sactuallythesecondmostpopularsectionafterthephotographysection.W:Isee.Wouldyouliketoseetheexhibitionwithme?M:Withpleasure.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.WheredoIndonesiansputtheirgarbage?A.Inthefrontoftheirhouses.B.Inthepublicgarbagecans.C.Intheofficialgarbagebags.19.WhatcoloredcansdoGermansputmetals?A.Yellow. B.Blue. C.Gray.20.WhatdoweknowaboutthegarbagebagsinKorea?A.Theirpricedependsonthetypeofwaste.B.Theyareprovidedbythegovernmentforfree.C.Differentdistrictshavedifferentofficialgarbagebags.【答案】18.A19.A20.C【解析】【原文】W:Differentcountrieshavedifferentwastemanagementsystems.Onethingforsure:it’snevertoohardtothrowyourgarbageinIndonesia.WhatIndonesianscommonlydoisputtheirgarbageintheirpersonalgarbageareawhichareusuallylocatedinthefrontoftheirhouses,rightatthesideofthestreet.InGermany,differentkindsofgarbageareputindifferentcoloredcans.Forexample,bluegarbagecansareforpaperandcardboard,andpizzaboxesgotograygarbagecans.Greenandwhitegarbagecansareforglass.Yellowgarbagecansareforplasticandmetals.InKorea,youareexpectedtosortyourwasteandputitintotherightbags.EachdistrictinKoreahasitsownofficialgarbagebags.Thegarbagebagscouldbeboughtatthelocalsupermarket.Properwastemanagementisn’tahardthingtodo,butitneedstobesupportedbyyourfamilymembersandyoursurroundingsinordertogainbenefitsfromit.第二部分阅读理解（共三节，满分45分）第一节阅读理解（共11小题，每小题2.5分；满分27.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASchoolGroupsVisitsTheMetwelcomesallschool-agelearners!WeinviteyoutorequesteitheraguidedvisitledbytrainedMuseumeducatorsandvolunteersoraself-guidedvisit,whichallowsyoutoleadyourownstudentsthroughtheMuseum.AppointmentsarerequiredforallschoolgroupsvisitingtheMuseum.TorequestanappointmentatTheMetFifthAvenueorTheMetCloisters,pleasecontactusatschoolvisits@.GuidedVisitsGuidedtoursmustberequestedatleastthreeweeksinadvanceIndividualschoolsarelimitedtothreeweekdaymorningguidedvisitsperterm.Eachschoolislimitedtoonegroupvisitperday.AdmissionMembershipbenefitsandotherpassesarenotvalidforgroupvisits.Students$12RequiredAdultChaperones(监护人)$12AdditionalAdults$25Under-resourcedorganizationsmayqualifyforreducedrates.Pleaseaskfordetailswhenyoumakeareservation.GroupSizeGuidedtoursatTheMetFifthAvenueorTheMetCloistersmayhavenofewerthan10studentsandnomorethan50students,withonechaperonerequiredforevery10students.Largergroupswillbedividedintosmalleronesinordertooffermoreindividualattentiontostudentsinthegalleries.VisitScheduleGuidedvisitsareconductedateachlocationasfollows:TheMetFifthAvenue:MondaythroughFriday,9:45am–3:30pm.TheMetCloisters:MondaythroughFriday,10am–3:30pm.Foradditionalinformationorquestions,pleasecall211-535-7710.21.WhatisrequiredofschoolgroupsvisitingTheMet?A.Theyhavetobookonlineinadvance.B.TheyhavetofollowMuseumeducators.C.Theyshouldlimitthegroupsizeto30students.D.Theyshouldmakeareservationamonthahead.22.Howmuchshouldtheypayif30studentswiththreechaperonesvisittheMuseum?A.$435 B.$422C.$396 D.$36023.WhenareguidedtoursavailableatTheMetCloisters?A.9:45am–3:30pm,Monday B.10am–3:30pm,Wednesday.C.9:45am–3:30pm,Friday D.10am–3:30pm,Sunday.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了大都会艺术博物馆学校团体参观的一些事项。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“AppointmentsarerequiredforallschoolgroupsvisitingtheMuseum.TorequestanappointmentatTheMetFifthAvenueorTheMetCloisters,pleasecontactusatschoolvisits@.(所有参观博物馆的学校团体均须预约参观。如需预约在大都会第五大道或大都会修道院，请致电schoolvisits@与我们联系。)”可知，学校团体参观者必须提前通过电子邮件的方式进行预约。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据GroupSize部分中的“onechaperonerequiredforevery10students(每10名学生需配备一名监护人)”可知，团体参观时每10名学生要求一名监护人，故可知题干中的三名监护人均为必要监护人。结合Admission部分中的Students$12(学生12美元)和RequiredAdultChaperones$12(要求成人监护人12美元)可知，30名学生加三名必要监护人参观的费用应为12*30+12*3=396美元。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据VisitSchedule部分中的“TheMetCloisters:MondaythroughFriday,10am-3:30pm(大都会修道院:周一至周五，上午10点至下午3:30。)”可知，修道院艺术博物馆（TheMetCloisters）有导游的游览时间为周一到周五的上午十点至下午三点半。故选B。BIntheancientstoryTheBoyWhoCriedWolf,thenaughtyboyrepeatedlyliestonearbyvillagersbyshoutingthatawolfisattackinghissheep.Whenawolfactuallyattacks,thevillagersignoretheboy’snow-genuinecries.Themoral,asparentstelltheirchildren,is:Don’tlie.Butitcouldequallybe:Ifyou’regoingtolie,mixitupalittle.Maybe,crybearnowandthen.InsouthernAfrica,there’sabirdthatisadeptinthis:thefork-taileddrongo(叉尾燕卷尾).“Theselittlebirdscanmakeatleast51differentalarmcalls,andonlysixofthesearetheirown.Therestarecoverversionsofthealarmcallsofotherspecies,”saysTomFlowerfromtheUniversityofWhileworkingwithmeerkats(灰沼狸)intheKalahariDesert,Flowernoticedthatthedrongoswouldoftenscarethemawayfromfoodbymimicking(模仿)thealarmsofotherspecies—including,possibly,themeerkatsthemselves—eventhoughnopredators(捕食者)werearound.Hefoundthatthebirdsspendaquarteroftheirtimefollowingotheranimalslikemeerkats.Thedrongossometimessoundafalsealarmwhentheircompanionsfindfood.Asthemeerkatsrunawayfromthenon-existentpredator,thedrongosimmediatelygrabthefood.Thisstrategyclearlyworks,butwhydoesitkeeponworking?Whydon’tthemeerkatsgetwisetothefalsealarms?Well,actually,theydo.Throughhisplaybackexperiments,Flowershowedthatmeerkatsreactlessstronglyiftheyhearasecondfalsealarm20minutesafterthefirstone,andevenlessstronglyiftheyhearathird.Butifhechangedthethirdalarmtoadifferentone,themeerkatsresettheirreactionsandbecomewatchfulagain.That’sexactlywhatthedrongosdo.Theyoftentrytostealfoodfromthesameindividualandonthree-quartersoftheserepeatedattempts,theychangetheiralarms.They’realsomorelikelytochangeiftheirfirstattemptfails;whentheydo,they’remorelikelytosucceedonthenextgo.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“adeptin”inparagraph2mean?A.curiousabout B.unawareofC.goodat D.concernedabout25.Whydothedrongosmimicthealarmsofthemeerkats?A.Tostealtheirfood. B.Tobegthemforhelp.C.Towarnthemofdanger. D.Tostopthemfromdoingharm.26.Onwhatbasisdothemeerkatsresettheirreactionstoanalarm?A.Howlongitlasts. B.Howhungrytheyare.C.Howlouditsoundstothem. D.Howsimilaritistothelastone.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ThebirdthatcrieswolfchangesitsliesB.PredatorsthatkillsheeparetrickedsometimesC.SurvivingintheKalahariDesertisnevereasyD.ThemoralofTheBoyWhoCriedWolfisstilltrue【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了叉尾燕卷尾独特的生存方式，这种鸟通过模仿其他动物遇到危险时发出的告警声，来偷取其食物。【24题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线部分下文的“Theselittlebirdscanmakeatleast51differentalarmcalls,andonlysixofthesearetheirown.Therestarecoverversionsofthealarmcallsofotherspecies”可知，叉尾燕卷尾可以发出至少51种告警声，只有6种是给同类听的，其他的都是模仿其他动物的告警声。也就是说，这种鸟很“擅长”以假乱真，由此可知划线词意为“擅长”。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Flowernoticedthatthedrongoswouldoftenscarethemawayfromfoodbymimicking(模仿)thealarmsofotherspecies—including,possibly,themeerkatsthemselves—eventhoughnopredators(捕食者)werearound.Hefoundthatthebirdsspendaquarteroftheirtimefollowingotheranimalslikemeerkats.Thedrongossometimessoundafalsealarmwhentheircompanionsfindfood.（Flower注意到，尽管周围没有食肉动物，但叉尾燕卷尾经常会模仿其它物种发出的警报来吓跑它们，包括灰沼狸本身。他发现，这些鸟有四分之一的时间在跟踪灰沼狸等其他动物。当它们的同伴找到食物时，叉尾燕卷尾有时会发出假警报）”可知，叉尾燕卷尾模仿灰沼狸的告警声是为了窃取后者的食物。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Butifhechangedthethirdalarmtoadifferentone,themeerkatsresettheirreactionsandbecomewatchfulagain”可知，当Flower将第三次告警声替换成一种不同的告警声时，灰沼狸会调整它们对告警声的防御反应，重新变得机警。由此推知，灰沼狸会根据某次告警声与其上一次告警声的相似程度来调整对这种声音的防御反应。故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了生活在南非卡拉哈里沙漠的一种“聪明的”鸟儿——叉尾燕卷尾，这种鸟儿通过模仿其他动物遇到危险时发出的告警声，来吓走这种动物，从而窃取其食物。A项“发假警报的鸟”作标题最能概括文意。故选A。【点睛】

CForeightmonthsuptothisApril,aFrenchbookstorechainhadvideoinaParisshopfedtosoftwarethatexaminesshoppers’movementsandfacialexpressionsforsurprise,dissatisfaction,confusionorhesitation.Whenashopperwalkedtotheendofanaisle(走廊)onlytoreturnwithconfusiontoabookshelf,thesoftwareimmediatelymessagedclerks,whowenttohelp.Salesrosebyatenth.Thiscouldbeachance,somesay,forphysicalretailers(零售商)totrimtheadvantagethatdatahavelonggivenonlinesellers.Araceisontoworkouthowbesttocollectanduseemotionsdata,beittoimprovepackaging,displays,music,orthecontent,saysRanaJune,chiefexecutiveofafirminNewYorkcalledLightwave.Itmeasuresshoppers’emotionsforconsumer-goodsfirms.Noteveryoneisimpressed.Nielsen,aconsumerresearchcompany,viewsusingtechnologytoworkoutshoppers’emotionsunfavorably.“Itisalittleannoying,”saysRicardoGutiérrez,headofshopperinsightsatNielsenColombiainBogotá.Butitismuchcheaper.Nielsenchargesroughly$10,000tointerview25shoppersaboutthreeproducts.Angus.ai,theParisstartupbehindthetechnology,chargesjust€59($66)amonthpercamera.What’smore,conventionalmarketresearchcanmislead.Peopletypically“edit”responsestomakethemselvessoundsensible,whenpurchasesareoftendrivenbysubconscious(潜意识的)emotions.Andsurveyscanalsoaskthewrongquestions—suchashowmuchpeoplelikeaproductwhenwhatreallymattersiswhether,say,itmakesthemfeelattractive.Thenotionof“retailtherapy(疗法)”,consumersdriventospendwhentheyarefeelingblue,isanobviousexampleofshopping’semotionalside.Whicheverstoreisthefirsttoworkouthowtospotmildlydepressedcustomerscouldmakebigmoney.28.WhatwasthefunctionofthevideointheParisbookstore?A.Checkingitsdailysales.B.Examiningitsclerks’work.C.Monitoringitsbookstorage.D.Watchingitsshoppers’emotions.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trim”inparagraph2mean?A.Increase B.Miss C.Reduce D.Introduce.30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetoAngus.ai’stechnology?A.Doubtful B.Supportive C.Tolerant D.Opposed.31.Whyisretailtherapymentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toproveshoppingismood-driven.B.Topredictthefutureofphysicalretail.C.Tointroducedifferenttypesofshoppers.D.Toexplainthedisadvantagesofoverconsumption.【答案】28.D29.C30.B31.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了使用技术手段分析顾客情绪可以帮助实体零售店增加销量。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ForeightmonthsuptothisApril,aFrenchbookstorechainhadvideoinaParisshopfedtosoftwarethatexaminesshoppers’movementsandfacialexpressionsforsurprise,dissatisfaction,confusionorhesitation.”（截至今年4月的8个月里，一家法国连锁书店在巴黎的一家商店里安装了视频，并将视频输入到软件中，该软件可以检查购物者的动作和面部表情，以确定他们是否感到惊讶、不满、困惑或犹豫。）可知，该书店采集录像是为了观察顾客的情绪，以更好地为顾客服务。故选D项。【29题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段“Araceisontoworkouthowbesttocollectanduseemotionsdata”（一场竞赛正在进行，研究如何最好地收集和使用情感数据）可推测，这可能让实体零售商有机会“削弱”网络零售商长期以来的数据优势，划线单词表示“削弱”。故选C项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Butitismuchcheaper.”（但是它便宜得多。）可知这一新科技价格便宜，以及“What’smore,conventionalmarketresearchcanmislead.”（此外，传统的市场调查可能会误导。）可知，传统市场调研可能会有误导，而新科技则没有这一弊端，由此可知，作者对于这一新科技持支持态度。故选B项。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thenotionof“retailtherapy”,consumersdriventospendwhentheyarefeelingblue,isanobviousexampleofshopping’semotionalside.”（“零售疗法”的概念是当消费者情绪低落时，他们会被迫消费，这是购物情感方面的一个明显例子。）可知，消费者情绪低落会促进消费，由此可知，“零售疗法”是为了证明“消费是由情绪支配的”。故选A项。第二节黑布林课外阅读（共5小题，每小题1分；满分5分）从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。32.NickCarawayisDaisyBuchanan’s__________.A.friendB.cousinC.husbandD.nephew33.WhatdoesJordantellNickaboutDaisyandGatsby?A.GatsbyandDaisyhavebeenseeingeachotherforalongtime.B.Theykneweachotheratcollegeandfellinlove.C.TheyallgrewuptogetherinLouisianaandwerechildhoodsweethearts.D.DaisyandGatsbyhavehadanearlierromance.34.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.JordanBakerisaprofessionalgolferfromtheupperclass.B.GatsbydeliberatelyleavesNick’shousebecausehedoesn’thavethecouragetomeetDaisy.C.Mr.WolfsheimtriestogiveNicktheimpressionthatGatsbyisdangerousandshouldneverbetrusted.D.TomisangrywhenhefindsoutthatDaisyishavinganaffairwithGatsby,someonehethinksislow-class.35.HowareDaisyandTomalike?A.Theyarebothcareless,anddon’ttakeresponsibilityfortheiractions.B.Theyarebothconsumedwithjealousy.C.Theyarebothunhappy,buttooscaredtodoanythingaboutit.DTheyarebotharrogantanddomineering.36.What’sthethemeofTheGreatGatsby?A.Theromanticlove.B.Thepricelessfriendship.C.TheendoftheAmericanDream.D.TheboominAmericaneconomy.第三节七选五（共5小题，每小题2.5分；满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项Waystobetteryourimmune(免疫的)systemYourimmunesystemdoesaremarkablejobofdefendingyouagainstdisease-causingmicroorganisms(微生物).Followthetipsbelowtoimproveyourimmunesystem.*GettingenoughvitaminDisagoodidea.___32___Althoughitwon’tprotectyoufromgettingthevirusifyou’reexposed,itcouldreducetheseverityoftheillnessandhelpmakerecoveryeasier.YoucangetvitaminDnaturallythroughsunlight.___33___*Sleepingiscrucialforyourbody’sabilitytorecoveranddefenditself.Oneofthemostevidence-supportedwaystostayhealthyalsohappenstobefree—gettingenoughsleep.___34___Whileyou’reasleep,yourbodyusesthattimetodocriticalrecoveryandrepairofessentialfunctions,includingyourimmunesystem.Justonenightofpoorsleepcanreduceyourimmunecellsbyasmuchas70%,researchshows.*___35___Exercisecankeepyourbodyfunctioningwell,sinceresearchshowsthatitsupportsinfection-fightingcells.Ifyou’reworkingfromhomeorstayingoutofthegym,therearestillplentyofwaystomakeyousweat—simplebodymovementslikeburpees(波比跳)andpush-upscangiveyouaquickfull-bodyworkoutwithnoequipment.*Tryingtomanagestressisoneofthemostimportantwaystostayhealthy.___36___Howyouchoosetorelaxwillvaryfrompersontoperson,whetherthat’stakingawalkoutside,readingafavouritebook,ortakingtimetopracticeyogaeachday.A.Exercisecanbetteryourmoodaswellaskeepyouhealthy.B.Stresscanmakeabigdifferencetoyourimmunesystem.C.Thereappearstobeaconnectionbetweennutritionandimmunity.D.Whatmayappeartobeastressfulsituationforonepersonisnotforanother.E.Itmeans7to9hourseachnightformostpeople,accordingtoHarvardHealth.F.ResearchhasshownthattheimmunesystemneedsvitaminDtofightoffviruses.G.It’salsofoundinsomefoods,includingfattyfish,eggs,cheese,andmushrooms.【答案】32.F33.G34.E35.A36.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了提升免疫力的几种方法。【32题详解】根据上文“GettingenoughvitaminDisagoodidea.（获得足够的维生素D是个好主意）”和后句“Althoughitwon’tprotectyoufromgettingthevirusifyou’reexposed”（尽管这不会保护你完全不受病毒的侵袭如果处于病毒的环境中）可知，空处承接上文解释为什么获得足够的维生素D是个好主意，F选项“ResearchhasshownthattheimmunesystemneedsvitaminDtofightoffviruses.”（研究表明免疫系统需要维生素D来对抗病毒）复合题意，且与下文构成明显的转折关系。故选F。【33题详解】根据空格前句“YoucangetvitaminDnaturallythroughsunlight.”（你可以通过阳光获得维生素D）可知，本句谈论获取维生素的方式，G选项“It’salsofoundinsomefoods,includingfattyfish,eggs,cheese,andmushrooms.”（它也能在一些食物中获得，包括鱼、鸡蛋、奶酪和蘑菇）与上一句存在递进关系，符合语义逻辑，故选G。【34题详解】根据前句“Oneofthemostevidence-supportedwaystostayhealthyalsohappenstobefree—gettingenoughsleep.”(最有证据支撑的保持健康的方法之一碰巧也是免费的——得到足够的睡眠)推知，空处承接上文，指出多长时间的睡眠为足够的睡眠。E选项“Itmeans7to9hourseachnightformostpeople”（这意味着每晚7到9个小时的睡眠），符合从概括到具体解释的逻辑，故选E。【35题详解】根据本文的行文结构和设空处的位置可知，设空处为段落主题句。根据后句“Exercisecankeepyourbodyfunctioningwell”（锻炼可以使你的身体保持正常运转）可知，本段主要讲的是运动对于提高免疫力的作用，A选项“Exercisecanbetteryourmoodaswellaskeepyouhealthy.（锻炼可以改善你的情绪，同时保持健康）”符合语境，故选A。【36题详解】根据本段的主题句“Tryingtomanagestressisoneofthemostimportantwaystostayhealthy.”（管理压力是保持健康的一种最重要的方式）可知，本段主要谈论压力与免疫力之间的关系，B选项“Stresscanmakeabigdifferencetoyourimmunesystem.”（压力也会对免疫系统造成很大的影响）与主题句存在因果关系，符合语言逻辑，故选B。第三部分语言知识运用（共三节，满分40分）第一节完型填空（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C,D）中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。OnMarch11,2021,WorldKidneyDay,theactressRaisawroteonTwitter:“I’vekeptmykidney(肾脏)donationprocessprettyprivate.However,IthinkI’vegottentoapoint___37___Ifeelcomfortableinspeakingaboutmyexperience...”Showinghergratitude,thesingerGomezresponded,writing:“Thankyouforblessingme.”In2015Gomezwasdiagnosedwithaterriblediseaseandsoonshebecameseriouslyill.Sheevenhadtodealwiththementalhealthproblems___38___herbattlewiththedisease.AlthoughshewasthenlivingwithRaisa,Gomezdidnottellherlong-timefriendaboutthe___39___ofherhealthtroubles.“Ihadn’taskedanything.Iknewthatshehadn’tbeenfeelingwell,”Raisarecalledinaninterview.“Shecouldn’topenawaterbottleoneday.Shethenstartedcrying,andIasked,‘What’swrong?’”That’swhenGomezrevealedthatsheneededakidneytransplant(移植),butthatthewaitinglistwas___40___long.Deeply___41___aboutherfriend’scondition,Raisadecidedthatshewouldgettestedtoseeifshecouldbea___42___forher.Gomezimmediatelyrefused,notwantingtomakeRaisaputherentirecareerandlife___43___forher,buttheactressinsisted,andamazingly___44___tobeamatchindeed.Withphysicalandpsychologicalevaluations(评估)takingplaceoverthe___45___ofasingledayratherthantheusualsixmonths,GomezandRaisabegantheir_____46_____journey.Thesurgerywas_____47_____successful.Itwasn’tlong,however,beforeGomez’snewkidneybegantoturnaroundinsideherbody,whichthenresultedinasecondsurgery,_____48_____byalengthyprocessofrecovery.Gomez,nowbacktonormal,iscertainthatshe_____49_____herlifetoRaisa,atruefriendindeed.BothGomezandRaisasaiditwastheir_____50_____thatguidedthemthroughtheiremotionaljourney.Thepairalsohopethatsharingtheirstorycanhaveapositiveimpactonothers.“Idon’tthinkwhatwewentthroughwas_____51_____.Ijusthopethisinspirespeopletorememberthatthere’rereallygoodpeopleintheworld,”saidGomez.37.A.where B.that C.so D.and38.A.sufferingfrom B.resultingfrom C.escapingfrom D.hearingfrom39.A.extent B.prevention C.meaning D.recovery40.A.violently B.respectfully C.hopelessly D.greedily41.A.curious B.fascinated C.excited D.concerned42.A.donor B.helper C.volunteer D.carrier43.A.inorder B.indanger C.indoubt D.inplace44.A.turnedaway B.turnedout C.turneddown D.turnedover45.A.course B.procedure C.term D.cause46.A.shared B.similar C.smooth D.safe47.A.immediately B.naturally C.originally D.instantly48.A.driven B.enhanced C.depressed D.followed49.A.owes B.contributes C.introduces D.devotes50.A.effort B.fortune C.faith D.bravery51.A.complicated B.easy C.tough D.peaceful【答案】37.A38.B39.A40.C41.D42.A43.B44.B45.A46.A47.C48.D49.A50.C51.B【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了歌手戈麦斯被诊断得了严重的疾病，需要换肾才能维持生命，在这危急关头，她的朋友莱莎坚持要做捐献肾脏的比对，幸运的是她们匹配成功，于是莱莎不顾身体和事业上的风险决然把肾脏捐给好友，最终戈麦斯得到了救治。她们的经历告诉我们，要相信世间仍有真情在。【37题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我一直将我的肾脏捐献过程保密。然而，我想我已经到了一个可以轻松谈论我的经历的地步了。A.where定语从句，关系副词；B.that定语从句，关系代词；C.so因此；D.and和。分析句子可知，此处是一个定语从句修饰先行point，point在定语从句中表示一个抽象的地点，作地点状语，用关系副词where。故选A。【38题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她甚至不得不处理由于与疾病斗争而产生的心理健康问题。A.sufferingfrom遭受；B.resultingfrom由于；C.escapingfrom逃离；D.hearingfrom听说。根据上文“Gomezwasdiagnosedwithaterriblediseaseandsoonshebecameseriouslyill”可知，戈麦斯病的很严重，在与疾病作斗争时产生了心里疾病，不得不处理由疾病产生的心理健康问题。故选B。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管当时她和莱莎住在一起，但戈麦斯并没有告诉她的老朋友她健康问题的严重程度。A.extent范围,程度；B.prevention预防；C.meaning意义；D.recovery恢复。根据下文“‘Ihadn’taskedanything.Iknewthatshehadn’tbeenfeelingwell,’Raisarecalledinaninterview.”可知，戈麦斯没告诉莱莎她的疾病严重程度，但是莱莎知道她一直不好。故选A。【40题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，戈麦斯透露她需要进行肾移植，但等待的名单长得令人绝望。A.violently猛烈地；B.respectfully恭敬地；C.hopelessly无可救药地；D.greedily贪婪地。根据上文“Shethenstartedcrying”和“sheneededakidneytransplant(移植),butthatthewaitinglist...”可知，戈麦斯病的严重，需要肾移植，但等待肾移植的人很多，令人绝望，所以戈麦斯很难过。故选C。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：出于对她朋友病情的深切关注，莱莎决定对进行测试，看看她是否能成为她的捐赠者。A.curious好奇的；B.fascinated着迷的；C.excited兴奋的；D.concerned有关。根据下文“Raisadecidedthatshewouldgettestedtoseeifshecouldbea___6___forher.”可知，莱莎想要测试是否自己可以为好友捐肾，说明她非常关心好友的疾病。故选D。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：出于对她朋友病情深切关注，莱莎决定对进行测试，看看她是否能成为她的捐赠者。A.donor捐赠者；B.helper助手；C.volunteer志愿者；D.carrier携带者。根据上文“Deeply___5___aboutherfriend’scondition,Raisadecidedthatshewouldgettested”可知，莱莎非常担心朋友的状况，想要捐肾给好友，成为她的捐赠者。故选A