2026版创新设计高考总复习英语(外研版)教师用-Unit 3　Faster,higher,stronger

Ⅰ.阅读单词1.shotn. 投球,射球,击球2.backboardn. 篮板3.bumpn. 隆起之处4.bouncev. (使)弹起,(使)反弹5.teammaten. 队友6.warriorn. 武士,战士7.philosophyn. 人生哲学8.self-beliefn. 自信9.hoopn. (篮球中的)篮圈10.yogan. 瑜伽11.spikern. (排球队的)扣球队员,主攻手12.quarter-finaln. 四分之一决赛13.preliminaryadj. 初步的;预备的14.comebackn. 东山再起15.semi-finaln. 半决赛16.tournamentn. 锦标赛Ⅱ.核心单词1.cheatinthetest 在考试中作弊2.abasketballnet 篮球网3.adangerousopponent 危险的对手4.surgeryoperations 外科手术5.benarrowlydefeated 以微弱劣势落败6.asenseofteamwork 团队合作意识7.intensematches 激烈的比赛Ⅲ.一词多义1.footstepn.脚步声;足迹①thesoundoffootsteps脚步声②footstepsinthesnow雪地上的足迹2.burstv.突然出现,猛冲;(使)爆裂n.(突然的)一阵①burstintotheroom突然闯进屋子②gotoburst要爆炸③aburstofapplause一阵掌声3.nerven.意志力,勇气;神经①calmournerves放松我们的神经②strengthenournerves增强我们的意志力4.seizev.夺取;抓住,把握(机会、时机、主动等);情绪侵袭,突然控制①seizeherbythearm抓住她的胳膊②seizethisopportunity抓住/把握这次机会③beseizedbypanic突然惊慌失措5.ingredientn.(完成某事的)要素,因素;成分,(尤指烹饪)原料①theingredientsforsuccess成功的要素②experimentwithdifferentingredients用不同的成分做实验Ⅳ.派生单词1.shinyadj. 光滑发亮的,闪光的shinev. 发光,照耀;把……照向;擦亮;出类拔萃n.光亮,光泽2.associationn. 协会,社团;联合;联想;交往associatev. 与……有关联,联系;交往associatedadj. 相关联的;有联系的3.muddyadj. 沾满泥的,泥泞的mudn. 泥;淤泥;泥浆4.sharpenv. 使提高,使改进;使变锋利sharpadj. 锋利的;急剧的;敏锐的sharplyadv. 严厉地,猛烈地;急剧地sharpenern. 削具5.expectationn. 预料,预期expectv. 预料,预期;期待;认为expectedadj. 预料的,预期的unexpectedadj. 出乎意料的6.remarkableadj. 非凡的;不寻常的;显著的,引人注目的remarkn. 言论,意见,评论v. 谈论,评论7.vividadj. 生动的,逼真的vividlyadv. 生动地,逼真地8.assignv. 分配,分派;指定;委派assignmentn. 任务;作业9.steelyadj. 钢铁般的;坚定的steeln. 钢铁10.cooperationn. 合作,协作cooperatev. 合作,协作Ⅴ.短语词块1.attach...to... 把……固定在……上,把……附在……上2.giveway 倒塌,向下垮;让步,退让3.carryon 继续;坚持4.burstonto 突然出现在……(指突然成功)5.beassignedto 被分配给……6.payoff 取得成功7.afarcryfrom 与……大不相同8.upsanddowns 盛衰,沉浮;起伏9.beyondone’sexpectations 超出某人的预期10.inarow 连续地11.followinone’sfootsteps 仿效某人;继承某人(尤指家人)的事业12.gowild 兴奋,狂热Ⅵ.教材佳句1.Inthisway,practisingdayinanddayouthelpedStephensharpenhisskills.(动词-ing形式作主语)就这样,日复一日的练习帮助斯蒂芬提高了他的球技。2.Despitehisfather’ssuccessfulcareer,Stephenwasthoughtbymanypeople,includinghishighschoolteammatesandcoaches,tobetooshort,toothinandtooweaktofollowinhisfather’sfootsteps.(too...to...结构)尽管斯蒂芬父亲的职业生涯很成功,但很多人,包括他的高中队友和教练,都认为斯蒂芬太矮、太瘦、太弱,无法继承他父亲的事业。3.In2003,YaoMingbecamethefirstChinesesportspersontowintheaward...[the+序数词(+名词)+动词不定式作定语]在2003年,姚明成为获得这个奖项的第一位中国运动员……4.AndthereweseetheChineseplayersembracing,withtearsofhappinessintheireyes...(情绪描写)在那里,我们看到中国队的队员们相拥在一起,眼含幸福的泪水……▶构词法日积月累名词后缀-ation表示“行为的过程,结果,状况”。①expectationn.预料,预期②considerationn.考虑③starvationn.饥饿④appreciationn.欣赏;感激⑤combinationn.结合,联合⑥imaginationn.想象StepOne写一写Ⅰ.阅读单词1.scorewithashot射球得分2.bounceinalldirections弹向四面八方3.myfootballteammates我的足球队友4.abravewarrior一位勇敢的战士5.herphilosophyoflife她的人生哲学6.improvehisself-belief增强他的自信心7.doyoga做瑜伽8.wininthequarter-final在四分之一决赛取胜9.wininthesemi-final在半决赛中取胜10.enterthistournament参加本次锦标赛Ⅱ.核心单词1.cheatv.欺骗,作弊2.netn.球网3.defeatv.战胜,打败4.opponentn.(竞争、比赛等的)对手5.surgeryn.外科手术6.teamworkn.合作,协作7.intenseadj.紧张的,激烈的Ⅲ.派生单词1.associatev.与……有关联,联系;交往→associatedadj.相关联的;有联系的→associationn.协会,社团;联合;联想;交往2.mudn.泥;淤泥;泥浆→muddyadj.沾满泥的,泥泞的3.sharpadj.锋利的;急剧的;敏锐的→sharplyadv.严厉地,猛烈地;急剧地→sharpenv.使提高,使改进;使变锋利→sharpenern.削具

4.expectv.预料,预期;期待;认为→expectedadj.预料的,预期的→unexpectedadj.出乎意料的→

expectationn.预料,预期5.remarkn.言论,意见,评论v.谈论,评论→remarkableadj.非凡的;不寻常的;显著的,引人注目的6.vividadj.生动的,逼真的→vividlyadv.生动地,逼真地7.assignv.分配,分派;指定;委派→assignmentn.任务;作业8.cooperatev.合作,协作→cooperationn.合作,协作

Ⅳ.短语互译1.attach...to...把……固定在……上,把……附在……上2.carryon继续;坚持

3.beyondone’sexpectations超出某人的预期

4.payoff取得成功

5.giveway倒塌,向下垮;让步,退让

6.followinone’sfootsteps仿效某人;继承某人(尤指家人)的事业7.inarow连续地8.afarcryfrom与……大不相同9.burstonto突然出现在……(指突然成功)10.upsanddowns盛衰,沉浮;起伏Ⅴ.句式仿写1.句型公式:动词-ing形式作主语Havingagoodunderstandingofitsadvantagesanddisadvantagescanhelpusfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.(建议信)

很好地了解它的优缺点可以帮助我们找到一个适当的方法,使我们的学习更有效率。2.句型公式:too...to...结构Someoftheseniorstudentscomplainedthatthetextistoodifficulttounderstand.(学校生活)

一些高中学生抱怨这篇课文太难了,理解不了。3.句型公式:the+序数词(+名词)+动词不定式作定语IfIhaveanyfurthernews,youwillbethefirstpersontoknowit.

如果我有任何进一步的消息,你会是第一个知道的人。StepTwo练一练Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式1.Hisfamilymemberswantedhimtorecognizethereality,thusnotbeingcheatedinthefuture.2.Inthisheat,eventhetreesappeareddefeated,withleavesdroopinglifelessly.3.Finally,wearrivedatthehospital,andDebrawasquicklyrushedintosurgery.4.Forstudentsunderintenseacademicpressure,exerciseisnotjustaluxurybutanecessity.5.Despitefacingexperiencedopponents,Alex’spassionforthegameandhisunwaveringfocushelpedhimadvancethroughtheranks.Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1.Aswasexpected,allofusachievedourgoalsandmetourteachers’expectations.(expect)2.Heassignedmetothedifficultassignment,soIcouldn’twasteanytime.(assign)3.InWesterncountries,thenumber“thirteen”isusuallyassociatedwithbadluck,butactuallythereisn’tanyassociationbetweenthem.(associate)4.Excuseme,couldyoulendmeyournewsharpener?Mypencilisn’tsharpatall,soImustsharpenit.(sharp)5.Thetwogroupscooperatedwellwitheachotherandpromisedtostrengthentheircooperationinthefuture.(cooperate)Ⅲ.短语填空inarow;attach...to...;payoff;afarcryfrom;carryon;upsanddowns1.HishardworkfinallypaidoffwhenhewonagoldmedalintheOlympicGames.

2.Ihateitwhenshecallsmeatwork—I’malwaystoobusytocarryonaconversationwithher.

3.Toourdelight,shewonthecompetitionthreetimesinarow.

4.Operatetheelectricalappliancefollowingtheinstructionsattachedtothebox,oryou’llbeatrisk.

5.Whatyoudidwasafarcryfromwhatyousaid.

6.Whenlifegetshardandyouwanttogiveup,rememberthatlifeisfullofupsanddowns,andwithoutthedowns,theupswouldmeannothing.

Ⅳ.串记练习阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whenyoumeetdifficultiesinyourlife,itseemsthatyouarestrugglingona1.muddy(mud)road.Givingwaytoyourdifficultiesistheeasiestwaytosolvetheproblem.However,youdon’twanttocheatyourself,becauseyoustronglywanttodefeatthedifficulties.Onethingyoushouldkeepinmindisthatyouropponentisnotthedifficultyitselfbutyou.Whenyougothroughfailure2.inarow,youwillnotcarry3.onyourplan.Inmyopinion,4.seizing(seize)everychanceto5.sharpen(sharp)yourselfisagoodway.Besides,6.cooperation(cooperate)willmakeyouremarkable.Plus,keepupandbelievethatyourhardworkiscertaintopayoffas7.expected(expect).

1.associationn.协会,社团;联合;联想;交往→associatev.与……有关联,联系;交往→associatedadj.相关联的;有联系的佳句背诵Theseasidehadallsortsofpleasantassociationswithchildhoodholidaysforme.海滨使我联想起童年假期的各种愉快情景。inassociationwith 与……联合/有关联associate...with... 把……和……联系起来associatewithsb 与某人交往beassociatedwith 和……有关以练促学完成语段TheSpokenEnglishClubsituatedonthegroundfloorinourlibraryhasbeensetupinassociationwithourforeignteachers.Sojoinourclubrightnow,wherenotonlycanyouimproveyourspokenEnglishbutyoucanalsolearnhowtoassociatewithothers.

通过与外教的合作,位于我们图书馆一楼的英语口语俱乐部已经成立了。因此,现在加入我们俱乐部吧,在这里你不仅可以提高英语口语而且可以学会如何与其他人交往。2.expectationn.预料,预期;盼望(anticipation)→expectv.预料,预期;期待;认为→expectedadj.预料的,预期的→unexpectedadj.出乎意料的佳句背诵IreallywanttoobtainthispreciousopportunityandIamsurethatIcanliveupto/meetyourexpectations.(申请信)我真的很想得到这个宝贵的机会,我相信我能达到您的期望。Thebeautyofthelandscapehereisbeyondmyexpectations.这里的风景之美超出了我的预期。beyondone’sexpectations 超出某人的预期liveupto/meetsb’sexpectations 不辜负某人的期望expect(sb)todosth 期盼(某人)做某事asexpected 正如料想的(那样)以练促学完成语段①Unexpectednewscamethatmyessaywashighlythoughtof,whichwassobeyond/outofmyexpectationsthatIwasstruckdumbwithastonishment.(情绪描写,2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)

出乎意料的消息传来,我的文章受到了高度评价,这超出了我的预料,我惊讶得说不出话来。②Iwanderedbacktothefarm,expectingtocomeacrossthelovelyhummingbird.Asexpected,thereshewas,flappingherwingsandapproachingmeandacryofjoyescapedmythroat.

我漫步回到农场,期待着能遇到那只可爱的蜂鸟。不出所料,她在那里,拍打着翅膀向我靠近,我不禁发出一声欢呼。(人与动物,2023·浙江1月卷)3.burstv.突然出现(pop,spring),猛冲,闯;(使)爆裂n.(突然的)一阵佳句背诵Thelittlegirlsuddenlyburstintotears/burstoutcrying.(情绪描写)这个小女孩突然大哭起来。burstinto闯入/突然破门而入;突然爆发burstoutcrying/laughingburstintotears/laughter突然哭起来/burstonto突然出现在……(指突然成功)burstwithanger/joy勃然大怒/乐不可支aburstof一阵……以练促学单句语法填空/单句写作/一句多译①Amajornewtalenthasburstontotheliteraryscene.②Aburstofflowers’fragrancefloatedintothehousethroughthewindow.

一阵花的香味从窗口飘进来。③她心中涌起悲伤,突然痛哭起来。(情绪描写)→Sadnesssurgingwithinher,sheburstintotearsbitterly.

→Sadnesssurgingwithinher,sheburstoutcryingbitterly.

4.assignv.分配,分派(allocate);指定;委派(appoint)→assignmentn.任务;作业佳句背诵Aboveall,Ihopedhewouldn’tassignmetoworkwiththefiercelycompetitiveandextremelyseriousfellow.(2022·浙江1月卷)最重要的是,我希望他不要安排我和这个好胜心很强、极其严肃的家伙一起工作。assignsbsth=assignsthtosb 分配某人某事assignsbtodosth 分派/委派某人做某事以练促学单句语法填空/同义句转换①AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.(assign)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)②Asanexperiencedteacher,ourEnglishteacheroftenassignsdifferenttaskstodifferentstudents.→Asanexperiencedteacher,ourEnglishteacheroftenassignsdifferentstudentsdifferenttasks.

5.giveway倒塌,向下垮(collapse);让步,退让(givein)佳句背诵Butasdayspassed,hisangergavewaytounderstanding.但随着时间的推移,他的愤怒变成了理解。givewayto 被……取代;向……让步giveout 放出,发出(光、热、声音等);分发;公布;用完,耗尽givein 屈服;投降giveup 戒除;放弃;让给giveaway 泄露(机密);暴露;分发(奖品等);捐赠giveoff 放出,发出(气味、光、热等)以练促学完成语段Whentheresultwasgivenout,thecaptaindeclared,“Bynomeansshallwegivewaytodisappointment.”Hetriedtokeepupacalmappearance,buthistremblingvoicegavehimaway.Weallknewhewouldneverbedefeated.

公布结果时,船长宣布:“我们决不能失望。”他试图保持镇静的样子,但他颤抖的声音使他露馅儿了。我们都知道他永远不会被打败。片段巩固用association;expectation;burst;assign;giveway完成“学校生活”片段写作提示:学生们满怀期待走进教室→老师宣布有趣项目,给学生布置不同任务→学生从怀疑转变为充满激情→与学习之间的联系更紧密Thestudentswerefilledwithexpectationastheyenteredtheclassroom.Suddenly,excitementburstforthwhentheteacherannouncedaninterestingproject.Theywerequicklyassigneddifferenttasks.Doubtsinitiallyarosebutsoongavewaytoenthusiasm.Theirassociationwithlearningbecamestronger.1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思①Ithelpedsharpenhersenseofdirection.(2022·浙江6月卷)v.使提高,使改进②Iwasgoingtohaveagoatparachutingbutlostmynerveatthelastminute.n.勇气2.选出seize的汉语意思A.v.抓住,把握(机会等)B.v.夺取C.v.逮捕D.v.没收①Don’thesitate;seizethefirstopportunitythatcomesalong!A②Themanwasseizedasheleftthebuilding.C③Alargequantityoffileswasseizedduringtheraid(突然搜查).D④Meanwhiletheywerepreparingtoseizecontrolbyviolence.B句型公式:too...to...结构课本原句:Despitehisfather’ssuccessfulcareer,Stephenwasthoughtbymanypeople,includinghishighschoolteammatesandcoaches,tobetooshort,toothinandtooweaktofollowinhisfather’sfootsteps.尽管斯蒂芬父亲的职业生涯很成功,但很多人,包括他的高中队友和教练,都认为斯蒂芬太矮、太瘦、太弱,无法继承他父亲的事业。佳句背诵Oneday,Iwastooexhaustedandconfusedtoconcentrateonwhathetaught.有一天,我筋疲力尽,不知所措,无法集中精力听他教的东西。Ibelievethatthedoctoristoocarefulnottohavenoticedit.Sotakeiteasy.我相信医生非常仔细,不会注意不到这点的。所以放轻松。(慰问信)(1)“too...to...”结构,意为“太……而不能……”,表示否定意义。(2)“too...to...”结构在表示肯定意义时有下列几种情况:·与not、never等否定词连用时,如构成not(never)too...to...或too...notto...结构时,该句子是肯定意义。·当too后有pleased、willing、happy、glad、sad、eager、anxious等表示人的情感状态的形容词时,表示肯定意义,意为“非常,很,十分”。以练促学单句语法填空/单句写作①Thelittlegirllayontheground,toofrightenedtocry(cry).

②Touchedbytheman’sgratitude,Jasonunderstoodthatitwasnevertoolatetomakeupforapastmistake,nomatterhowlateitmightseem.③Whentheteacheraskedmetoansweraquestion,Iwasalwaystoonervoustoanswerit,whichmademeverysad.

当老师让我回答问题时,我总是很紧张,回答不出来,这让我很难过。④Thebookisnottoodifficulttounderstandforabeginner.

这本书对于初学者来说并不太难理解。维度一核心知识运用1.Audio(音频)andvideocanfeelmoreengagingthantext,andsouniversityteachersincreasinglyturntothesetechnologies—say,assigning(assign)anonlinetalkinsteadofanarticlebythesameperson.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)2.Almosteveryhutonghasitsstories,andsomeareevenassociatedwithhistoricevents.(2023·浙江1月卷)3.Theemailstartedoff:“DearMrGreen,thankyouforyourinterest”and“thereviewprocesstooklongerthanexpected(expect).”(2023·北京卷)4.Asitturnedout,DouglasdidexactlywhatsheneededtodotobecomeOlympicchampionwhenshedefeated(defeat)twoRussians.(2023·全国乙卷)5.InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation(cooperate)heldinBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.(2022·全国甲卷)6.Theclasswatcheduswithinterestasweargued,occasionallyburstingintolaughter.7.Afterthemeal,themanagerswentbacktothemeetingroomtocarryontheirdiscussion.8.Ithadbeenrainingforfourdayswhenwearrivedsothattheroadswereverymuddy(mud).9.Heissuchadeterminedpersonthathewillnevergivewaytoanydifficulties.10.Thelittlegirlwasdeterminedtobecomeadoctorandherpersistenceeventuallypaidoff.维度二单句写作1.Theprofoundquote“Itisnevertoooldtolearn”holdsasimpleyetpowerfultruth.(too...to...结构)

“活到老,学到老”这句深刻的名言蕴含着一个简单而有力的真理。2.GuoChuanisthefirstChinesetorealizethedreamofsailingaroundtheworld.[the+序数词(+名词)+动词不定式作定语]

郭川是第一个实现了环球航行梦想的中国人。3.Beingexposedtothesuntoolongdoesharmtoyourskin.(动词-ing形式作主语)

暴露在阳光下太久对你的皮肤有害。4.ReadingEnglishaloudinthemorningwilldoyoualotofgood.(动词-ing形式作主语)

早晨大声朗读英文对你有很大的好处。5.Developingtheabilityforself-directedlearningiscrucial.(动词-ing形式作主语)

培养自主学习能力至关重要。维度三单元知识拾遗Theteam’sperformance1.wasremarkable.They2.wonthreematchesinarow.Theirsuccesswasaresultof3.intensepracticeand4.excellentteamwork.

该队的表现非常出色。他们连续赢了三场比赛。他们的成功是紧张的练习和出色的团队合作的结果。Ⅰ.话题下的应用文专练(报道——介绍学校的篮球比赛)假定你是李华,上周你校举办了篮球比赛活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括:(1)活动过程;(2)活动意义。根据提示,利用本单元所学知识完成应用文写作第一步字斟句酌优化表达①4月10日,篮球决赛在我们学校泥泞的球场上开始,这里跟国家队闪亮的球场相去甚远。(muddy,afarcryfrom,shiny)OnApril10,thebasketballfinalbeganonourmuddycourtinourschoolwhichwasafarcryfromtheshinycourtsoftheNationalTeam.

②我的队友们投球落后。(teammate,fallbehind,shot)Myteammatesfellbehindinshots.

③他们继续并抓住每一个进攻的机会。(carryon,seize)Theycarriedonandseizedeveryopportunitytoattack.

④我们队连续得分。(inarow)Ourteamscoredinarow.

⑤努力得到了回报,在最后我们一次投篮就击败对手,这超出了所有人的预期。(payoff,defeat,opponent,beyondone’sexpectations)Effortspaidoffandwedefeatedtheopponentwithoneshotintothebasketintheend,whichwasbeyondeveryone’sexpectations.

⑥正是队友之间的合作使我们队赢得了比赛。(强调句型,cooperation,teammate)Itwasthecooperationbetweenteammatesthatmadeourteamwinthegame.

第二步恰当过渡完美成文(使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇)OnApril10,thebasketballfinalbeganonourmuddycourtinourschoolwhichwasafarcryfromtheshinycourtsoftheNationalTeam.Atfirst,myteammatesfellbehindinshots,buttheycarriedonandseizedeveryopportunitytoattack.Asaresult,ourteamscoredinarow.Effortspaidoffandwedefeatedtheopponentwithoneshotintothebasketintheend,whichwasbeyondeveryone’sexpectations.AsfarasI’mconcerned,itwasthecooperationbetweenteammatesthatmadeourteamwinthegame.Ⅱ.话题下的续写能力提升(根据提示续写2场景)场景导语:作者的第一场马拉松,大雨倾盆,腿很冷→爸爸说每英里都有食物→在前方,作者看到大炮冒烟,这才意识到比赛开始了。他们花了很长时间才到达起跑线,马拉松比赛正式开始→仅仅一英里后,作者就追上了眼前的所有人。爸爸左腿抽筋,远远落后了→作者很快就跑完了5英里,感觉很好→然后作者跑过13英里,看到妈妈和弟弟在为自己加油。从他们的欢呼声中听到自己的名字,作者感到神清气爽,继续奔跑→跑到15英里时终于看到了食物,桌子上摆满了香蕉。作者抓起一根香蕉,狼吞虎咽地吃了下去→当跑到20英里时,作者不想再跑一英寸了。每一步都让他的腿感到不适。场景续写1:爸爸以一种尴尬的方式追上了作者→爸爸看上去精疲力尽但看到作者后笑了→他们一起慢跑→爸爸告诉作者参加比赛不是为了获胜,而是为了完成比赛→作者很感激爸爸的陪伴,他们互相鼓励,继续前进→最后几英里很艰难,但他们一直在努力IstartedwalkingthenextmilebeforeDadcaughtuprunninginanawkwardway.Helookedexhausted,buthesmiledwhenhesawme.Wewalkedandjoggedtogether,andhetoldmeabouthispreviousmarathons.Hesaidthatit’snoaboutwinning,butaboutfinishingtherace.Ifeltgratefulforhiscompany,andweencouragedeachothertokeepgoing.Thelastfewmilesweretough,butwekeptpushingourselves.

场景续写2:在25英里处听到终点人群的声音→他们可以看到前方的终点线,他们对视一笑,心跳得厉害→听到扬声器里传来他们的名字→他们加快步伐,冲向终点线→越过终点线时,他们紧紧地拥抱在一起→感受到了一种前所未有的成就感Mile25,wecouldhearthecrowdatthefinishline.Itwasadeafeningroar,anditgaveusaburstofenergy.Welookedateachotherandgrinned.Weknewwewerealmostthere.Wecouldseethefinishlineupahead,andourheartswerebeatingfast.Wecouldhearournamesbeingcalledovertheloud-speaker.Wepickedupourpaceandrantowardsthefinishline.Whenwecrossedit,wehuggedeachothertightly.Wehaddoneit!Wefeltasenseofaccomplishmentthatwehadneverfeltbefore.

课时作业Ⅰ.阅读理解In2023,theUKSpoGomicompetitionwasscheduledforAugust,withtheworldcupinTokyoinNovember.IformedmyteamwithAlexWinship,andmybrotherJonny.SpoGomiisasportinvolvinglitter-pickingbyteamsofthree.Teamscollectlitteringivenareaswithinastricttimelimit,scoringpointsfortheweightofcollecteditems,withsomeitemsawardedmorepointsthanothers.Onegramofcigarettebuttsisworththreepointsversusonly0.1pergramforburnablerubbish.Theteamwiththemostpointswins.InitiallyweweredrawntotakingpartbecauseoftheprizeofatriptoJapan.Therewereabout20teamsintheUKcompetition,whichtookplaceinLondon’sHackneymarshes.Wewonbyonly33points,whichisequivalenttojustoneglassbottle.Wewerethenheadingfortheworldcup.Thecompetitionwasintense.Afterthefirsthalf,Japancametopandweweresecond.MymuscleswereachingandIfeltcompletelywornoutfromtheheatofTokyoonasunnyday.Ididn’thavemuchmoreenergy,andIrememberAlexandJonnysayingthesame,butwehadthisfeelingofbeingontheedgeofsomethingamazing.Wehadtojustkeeppushing.Wepulledaheadinthesecondhalfwhilecarryingseveralkilosoflitterovertwomilesatatime.Weendedupcomingfirst,aheadofJapan,with57kgofrubbishcollected.Iwouldn’thavebeensomeonewhowouldhavepickeduplitteroffthestreet.Attheearlystagesofourtraining,weweresobadatfindinglitter.Then,justaftertheLondoncompetition,onthewayhome,wesawsomuch.Wewerejustmuchmoreawareofit.Onceyou’redrawnintoSpoGomi,yourattitudetowardslitterandhowyoucontributecompletelychanges—itcertainlyhasforus.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了2023年作者和AlexWinship以及兄弟Jonny组队参加了以捡拾垃圾为特色的SpoGomi比赛的经历。这项活动不仅让他们改变了对捡拾垃圾的态度,也让他们更加关注并积极贡献于环境保护。1.WhatcanwelearnaboutSpoGomi?A.Itisasporttopickuprubbish.B.Ithasparticularlystrictrules.C.Itisateamconsistingof3.D.Itsetslimitstocollecteditems.答案A[细节理解题。根据第二段“SpoGomiisasportinvolvinglitter-pickingbyteamsofthree.”可知,SpoGomi是一项捡垃圾的运动。故选A。]2.WhatwastheresultoftheLondoncompetition?A.Theresultwascontroversial.B.Noteamenteredtheworldcup.C.Theauthor’steamhadanarrowvictory.D.Theauthor’steamhadanabsoluteadvantage.答案C[细节理解题。根据第三段“Wewonbyonly33points,whichisequivalenttojustoneglassbottle.”可知,作者的队伍险胜。故选C。]3.Howdidtheauthorfeelinthesecondhalfoftheworldcup?A.Nervousbuthopeful.B.Indifferentandbored.C.Exhaustedbutdetermined.D.Discouragedanduninterested.答案C[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Ididn’thavemuch...tojustkeeppushing.”可推知,作者到了下半场筋疲力尽,但是意志坚定。故选C。]4.Whatispresentedinthelastparagraph?A.Providingtipsonpickinglitter.B.ShowingdesireforSpoGomitraining.C.Advocatingdevotiontotheworldcup.D.EncouragingengagementinSpoGomi.答案D[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Onceyou’redrawnintoSpoGomi,yourattitudetowardslitterandhowyoucontributecompletelychanges—itcertainlyhasforus.”可推知,作者对比赛持积极态度,应该是鼓励参与SpoGomi。故选D。]Pickleball,whichcombineselementsofbadminton,Ping-Pang,andtennis,hastwocharacteristicsthatmakeitagoodchoiceforolderadults.It’sslowerthanotherracket(球拍)sports,andit’seasiertolearn.Withaplayareaaboutaquarterthesizeofatenniscourtandaplasticballthatdoesn’tbounceashighorasfastasatennisball,youdon’thavetorunasmuchorasquickly.Thebatsarelighterandshorterthantennisrackets,makingthemeasiertoswingandcontrol.Therearefewerrulesthantennis.Plus,pickleballismoresocialthanmanytypesofexerciseandit’sfun.Inonestudy,participantsratedpickleball150percenthigherforenjoymentthanwalking.“Peoplearefindingit’snotboring,”saysCedricBryant,PhD,chiefscienceofficerattheAmericanCouncilonExercise,whohasplayedpickleballformorethan20years.“It’snotsomethingthey’redoingjustbecausetheyshould,butbecausetheyenjoyitandwanttodoit.”Pickleballisaneffectiveworkout,andlikewalking,youcanadjusttheintensitytoyourpreferences.Afriendlydoublesmatchcanqualifyasproperexercise.Acompetitivesinglesmatchislikelytobetighter.Andpickleballoffersplentyofhealthpluses.Aftersixweeksofplayinganhourofpickleballthreetimesaweek,olderadultsimprovedtheircardiorespiratory(心肺的)fitnessandbloodpressure,accordingtoastudypublishedin2018intheInternationalJournalofResearchinExercisePhysiology.Anotherstudyfoundthattheactivitymaykeepyoumentallysharp.“You’remakingalotofquickdecisionswhileengagedinaphysicaltask,”saysstudyauthorDavidBolton,PhD,assistantprofessoratUtahStateUniversityinLogan.“Itiseffectivelytrainingcognitive(认知的)ability.”Butitisnotwithoutrisksofgettinginjured.Don’tjusthitthecourtandgorightintohavingagame.Awarm-upisthebestdefenseagainstinjury,sotakeatleast5minutestoprepareyourbody.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了一种名为匹克球的运动,因其节奏较慢、更容易学习、且可以根据个人的喜好调整运动强度的特点。对于老年人来说是一个很好的选择。5.Whatisoneofthereasonsforthepopularityofpickleballamongolderadults?A.Itsslowpace. B.Itsgreatintensity.C.Itscomplexrules. D.Itscheapequipment.答案A[细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It’sslowerthanotherracket(球拍)sports,andit’seasiertolearn.”可知,匹克球的节奏较慢,更易于学习,故选A。]6.WhatdoesCedricBryantmainlywanttotellusaboutpickleball?A.Itisdemanding. B.Itisenjoyable.C.Itisbeneficial. D.Itispractical.答案B[细节理解题。根据文章第三段CedricBryant所说的话“Peoplearefindingit’snotboring”和“It’snotsomethingthey’redoingjustbecausetheyshould,butbecausetheyenjoyitandwanttodoit.”可知,CedricBryant主要想告诉我们匹克球是一项有趣的运动,故选B。]7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph5referto?A.Makingquickdecisions.B.Trainingcognitiveability.C.Brainactivityduringphysicalexercise.D.Theproperfrequencytoplaypickleball.答案C[词义猜测题。根据文章第五段“You’remakingalotofquickdecisionswhileengagedinaphysicaltask”和“Itiseffectivelytrainingcognitive(认知的)ability.”可知,“It”指的是在体育活动中的大脑活动,故选C。]8.Whatmighttheauthortalkaboutnext?A.Pre-workoutpreparations.B.Therulesofthisexercise.C.Commentsonthisgame.D.Disadvantagesofpickleball.答案A[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段整体内容可知,作者接下来可能会谈论运动前的准备工作,故选A。]Whenitcomestoloweringbloodpressure,studieshavetypicallyshownthataerobic(有氧的)exercisesarebest.Recentresearchsuggestsanothertypeofphysicalactivityisworthincludingasaneffectivetooltopreventandtreathighbloodpressure.Exercisesthatengagemuscleswithoutmovement,suchaswallsquatsandplanks,maybebestforloweringbloodpressure,accordingtoalargestudypublishedinJuly2023intheBritishJournalofSportsMedicine.Thistypeoftrainingisknownasisometricexercises,accordingtotheMayoClinic.Isometricmuscleactionhappenswhenmusclescontractbutdonotvisiblychangelength,andthejointsinvolveddon’tmove,facilitatingstabilityofthebody.Isometricexercisescanbedonewithweightsorwithout,justrelyingonthebody’sownweight.

“Thesefindingsprovideacomprehensivedata-drivenframeworktosupportthedevelopmentofnewexerciseguidelinerecommendationsforthepreventionandtreatmentofhighbloodpressure,”saidstudycoauthorDr.JamieO’Driscollinanewsrelease.Theresearcherslookedintorandomizedcontrolledtrialsthathadreportedtheeffectsofexerciseinterventions,lastingtwoormoreweeks,onbloodpressurebetween1990andFebruary2023.Fromareviewof270trialswith15,827participants,theresearchersfoundthatamongHIIT(highintensityintervaltraining),isometricexercises,aerobicexercises,dynamicresistancetrainingandacombinationofthelattertwo,isometricexercisesledtothegreatestreductionsinbloodpressure.It’salsoimportanttonotethatthereareotherlifestylechangesaswellasexercisethatcanbenefityourbloodpressure.Theseincludekeepingtoahealthyweight,eatingabalanceddiet,cuttingdownonsalt,notdrinkingtoomuchalcoholandensuringthatyoucontinuetotakeanyprescribedmedication.Moreresearchisneededtodetermineexactlywhyisometricexercisesmightbebetterforloweringbloodpressurethanothertypesoftraining,theauthorssaid.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种能有效控制血压的运动——静力锻炼。9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“isometricexercises”inparagraph3referto?A.Exercisesthataredonewithextraweights.B.Exercisesthatinvolvevisiblemusclecontraction.C.Exercisesthatfocusonstabilityofthebody.D.Exercisesthatengagemuscleswithoutmovement.答案D[词义猜测题。根据画线部分后的“musclescontractbutdonot...move,facilitatingstabilityofthebody”可知,静力锻炼指的是肌肉收缩但长度没有明显变化,并且所涉及的关节不移动的运动,有助于促进身体的稳定性,即指身体不动但锻炼肌肉的运动,故选D。]10.Howdidtheresearcherscarryoutthestudy?A.Byprovidingstatistics. B.Byinterviewingexperts.C.Bydoingexperiments. D.Bymakingcomparisons.答案D[推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知,研究人员调查了相关的随机对照试验,通过比较的方法研究不同的运动在降低血压方面的效果,故选D。]11.Whatdotheauthorssuggestthefuturestudiesaboutisometricexercisesfocuson?A.Exploringthereasonsforitseffectiveness.B.Demonstratingitsinfluenceonmentalhealth.C.Assessingitssuitabilityfordifferentpopulations.D.Determiningitslong-termimpactonbloodpressure.答案A[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Moreresearchisneededto...othertypesoftraining”可知,作者们认为未来需要更多的研究来确定为什么静力锻炼可能比其他类型的训练更易降低血压,即他们建议未来有关静力锻炼的研究应专注于探索它有效的原因,故选A。]12.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsofaerobicexercises.B.Thebestexerciseforbloodpressure.C.Theeffectsofvarioustypesofexercises.D.Theimportanceofkeepingahealthylifestyle.答案B[文章大意题。文章第一段告诉我们在降低血压方面,研究表明通常有氧运动是最好的。然后文章主要介绍了降低高血压的有效活动——静力锻炼的相关情况。研究表明,静力锻炼也许是降低血压的最好方式,故本文主要讲述的是控制血压的最佳运动,故选B。]Ⅱ.七选五RisksofOvertrainingGettingintoshapeandtrainingforaneventsuchasamarathonrequireslong-lastingandintensephysicalcommitment.1Butthetruthis,sometimestheveryactswedotogethealthycanactuallypushuspastourphysicallimits.

Specifically,overtrainingisasetofsignsthatoccurwhenyourbodyisnotabletorecoversufficientlybeforegoingi