2026版正禾一本通高三一轮总复习英语（北师版）-任务5　三关注-解“写作意图题”

任务5三关注——解“写作意图题”从近几年高考来看，写作意图题主要分为整篇文章的写作意图和文章某个段落或某处细节的写作意图。主要设问方式：段落或细节写作意图(2023·全国甲卷)29.Whydoestheauthorlistgreatphilosophersinparagraph4？(2023·浙江1月卷)28.WhydoestheauthormentionNoaOvadiainthefirstparagraph？(2023·浙江1月卷)34.Whatisthepurposeofthelawsmentionedinparagraph4？全文写作意图(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读C篇)11.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?无论是文章的写作意图，还是某个段落或者细节的写作意图，都必定与文章主题相关，为文章主题服务。解此类题通常采用“三关注”法。类型1全文写作意图真题示例2020·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读CInthemid­1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths,physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat．Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea：LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland,andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway:Rustam,histranslator,alovely24­year­oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia,OlegandNatasha,hishostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers.ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral(葬礼)followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences,makinghistaleawell­roundedpictureofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican,aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.11．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Tointroduceabook.B．Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.C．Torememberawriter.D．Torecommendatraveldestination.描述TomBissell在几年之后回到乌兹别克斯坦，写了一本关于咸海消失的书。详细介绍了书中的内容：从塔什干到卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦的公路旅行。详细介绍了书中的内容：对乌兹别克斯坦生活的快速回顾。对这本书的总体评价：对中亚最纯粹的传统的细致而生动的描述。【解题分析】本题可以利用“关注主旨”的方法来推断全文写作意图。由以上各段主题句可知，文章主要围绕一本书展开的，故文章的写作目的是介绍一本书，故选A项。类型2段落或细节写作意图真题示例2023·新高考Ⅰ卷阅读BAfterstudyingagriculture，medicine，andfisheriesincollege，Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer­causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants，hefigured，maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco­machine....Overtheyears，Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse­likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1，600homesinSouthBurlington．Healsodesignedaneco­machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.26．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A．ToreviewJohn'sresearchplans.B．ToshowanapplicationofJohn'sidea.C．TocompareJohn'sdifferentjobs.D．ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn'sinvention.【解题分析】本题可利用“关注关键信息”的方法来解题。由原文关键信息“Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco­machine”可知，John决定建造一个他后来称之为生态机器的东西；由原文关键信息“Healsodesignedaneco­machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina”可知，John设计了一台生态机器来改善福州的运河水质。由此可知，作者提到福州的目的是展示John的想法的实际应用。故选B项。A(2025·郑州高三质检)Youhateme.Youdon'tevenknowmeandyouhateme.Beforewe'veevenspoken，youhateme.Atleastthat'showitfeelsonmyendofthecallasafemalecollectionsofficeratacallcenter.IdreadthemomentwhenIhavetologontoourphonesystemfirstthinginthemorningbecauseIneverknowwhoisgoingtobeontheotherendofthatcall.Sometimesit'saneasytask.Thecallerispleasantandhasacceptedpersonalresponsibilityfortheirdebts，andwegetthroughthephonecallwithease.Thentherearetheoneswhocallinlookingforafight，orlookingforsomeonetoblame.Throughtheluckofthephonesystem，thatpersonisme.I'vehadpeoplewhoshoutatme，callmehorriblenames，accusemepersonallyoftakingtheirmoneyandthreatenme.Why？Ithinkit'sbecauseIaminvisible.IthinkIwouldnotbetreatedwiththesamelevelofdisrespectifwewerefacetoface.Fortunatelyforme，Ihavehadyearsofexperienceincustomerservice，soI'mfairlyrichinnotlettingthenegativeencountersbotherme.Thebiggestandmosteffectiveskillwhenitcomestothejobisempathy(同感).IcanappreciatethesituationwhichthecallerisinbecauseI'vebeenthere.That'swhyI'mgoodatmyjob—Iunderstandwhatyou'regoingthrough，andI'mheretohelp.Somedaysthough，nomatterhowmuchItrytoleavethestressbehindwhenIhangupthephone，itstayswithme.Imaydosomedeepbreathing，goforaquickwalkorsimplystickmyheadoutsideforaburstoffreshair.IdothissoIdon'tcarrythatnegativityontomynextcall.Thatnextcallmaybeapersonhavingtheworstdayoftheirlife，butIdon'twanttoeverbetheonewhomakesitworse.Weareallhumansjusttryingtogetbyinlife，whichmakesyouandmeequal.Soplease，thenexttimewetalk，rememberthat.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dread”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Enjoy. B．Fear.C．Expect. D．Avoid.2．Whydoestheauthorthinksomecallerstreatherbadly?A．Theygetangrytooeasily.B．Theyblameherfortheirdebts.C．Theydonotseeherasarealperson.D．Theyaccuseheroftakingtheirmoney.3．Whydoestheauthorthinksheisgoodatherjob?A．Shecanoffercallersbestadvice.B．Sheisalwaysrespectedbycallers.C．Shecanputherselfinothers'shoes.D．Sheisn'teasilyinfluencedbynegativity.4．Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthistext?A．Tocallforunderstandingofherjob.B．Toexplainwhysheisgoodatherjob.C．Tointroducewhatsheisresponsiblefor.D．Tocomplainaboutherbeingtreatedbadly.B(2025·长沙适应性考试)Nothingearnsattentionlikerarity.Inthenaturalworld,rarityismostclearlyrepresentedbythelastmembersofadecliningspecies.Thesescarce(稀少的)plantsandanimalsareextremelyvaluable;theyrepresentthefinalhopeforpreventingextinction.Theeffortstowardconservingrarespecieshavemadeanenormousdifference.Inthepastfewdecades,declinesofmanyendangeredplantsandanimalshavebeenreversed(逆转).Buttheattentiontoscarcitycouldcomeattheexpenseofoverlookingtheordinary.Ifwearetoconservenature,wemustmaintainourfocusonthefamiliar.Increasingly,conservationisturningitssightinthisdirection—tosafeguardwhatiscommon,notjustwhatisrare.Therearegoodreasonstoconsiderthecommon.AstudyofNorthAmericanbirdsuncoveredthatwehavelostthreebillionbirdsonthiscontinentwithinthepasttwogenerations.Thesedeclinesincludespeciesonceconsideredwidespreadandsecure,likethecommonredpoll,whosenumbersaredownby29millionandthecommonnighthawk,downby26million.Theshockinglossesareareminderthatthemarkofaspeciesintroubleisnotrarity,buttherateofdecline.Notably,theshiftsinabundanceofcommonspeciescantranslateintosizeableshiftsinecosystemfunctioning.Onecaribouherd(驯鹿群),numberingamongthehundredsofthousands,removesmillionsofkilogramsoffoodforanimalseveryyearandreturnsnutrientstothesoilintheformofmillionsofkilogramsofanimalwastes.Thevalueofcommonspeciesisnotjustecologicalandeconomic,butpsychological.Studyafterstudydemonstratesthatencounterswiththenaturalworldimproveourmentalstate.Losingfamiliarspecies—whetherbirdsinourbackyardorbutterfliesonourdoorstep—islikelytoshrink(缩小)suchopportunitiesforengagement.Raritywillalwaysoccupyasignificantplaceinconservation.Butinourpursuitforasustainableandbiodiversefuture,wemustavoid“theextinctionofcommonness”．5．Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A．Tomakeasurvey.B．Toofferasuggestion.C．Tointroducethetopic.D．Toprovideanexample.6．Whatdoestheexampleofthebirdstudysuggestaccordingtothetext?A．Specieslossesbalancetheecosystem.B．Birdsproducemanynutrientstothesoil.C．Species'rateofdeclinearousespeople'sconcern.D．Birdsaredescribedaswidespreadandsecureanimals.7．Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A．Raritymattersmostinconservation.B．Familiarspeciesshouldn'tbeignored.C．Biodiversityresultsintheextinctionofcommonness.D．People'sphysicalstateworsensforthesustainabledevelopment.8．Whereisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A．Anewsreport.B．Ahealthcolumn.C．Abiologymagazine.D．Atravelbrochure.参考答案：[语篇解读]本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了作者作为呼叫中心收款员的工作不被人尊重，常受人憎恶。尽管作者也能换位思考，理解客户，但还是希望得到平等的对待和尊重。1.B[词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Youhateme.Youdon'tevenknowmeandyouhateme.Beforewe'veevenspoken，youhateme”可知，作者作为呼叫中心的收款员，在和客户的交往中，总是受到厌恶甚至憎恨，所以每天当作者必须登录电话系统时，作者会感到害怕，故B项与画线词的意义最为接近。]2.C[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Ithinkit'sbecauseIaminvisible”可知，作者认为自己没有得到尊重是因为作者在电话的另一端，对方是看不见作者的。故C项正确。]3.C[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Thebiggestandmosteffectiveskillwhenitcomestothejobisempathy(同感).IcanappreciatethesituationwhichthecallerisinbecauseI'vebeenthere”可知，作者认为自己能够做好这份工作的原因是作者有同理心，能够理解打电话的人所处的境地，也就是说，作者能够换位思考。故选C。]4.A[写作意图题。本文第一、二段讲到了作者工作中遇到的不受尊重的场景；第三段讲述作者在工作中遇到的形形色色的人；第四、五段