专题09阅读理解之推理判断题（原卷版）

专题09阅读理解之推理判断题01思维导图—考法一览无余。02解题步骤解题思路清,三年高考真题让学生了解高考，开悟快。03真题模拟集训—精选最新2026各地联考模拟题与高考要求同步,适应学生需求。推理判断属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，作出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的深层含义及隐含意义。高考对于推理判断的考查要求考生根据文章所提供的事实及自己的一些常识进行合理的推断，判断作者的意图、人物的动机及性格特征和事件发生的前因后果,文章的结构等。解答该类型题目时要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面含义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外音”。近3年全国高考推理判断题题量统计年份卷名202520242023新高考I卷747新高考Ⅱ卷6671月浙江卷424全国甲卷45全国乙卷6一.隐含与预测推断★解题方略先锁定题干中infer，conclude，suggest，imply，indicate，assume,demonstrate等词，明确答题方向;再根据语篇，对事件可能产生的结局或下段可能涉及的内容等进行推理；然后浏览四个选项，排除与原文信息一样的选项；立足原文，结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行合乎逻辑的推断设题方式①Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat

.②to...dingto...,wecaninferthat

.③Thestoryimpliesthat

.④paredwithothersimilarproducts,thenewdesign________.⑤Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________.⑥Thepassage/writer/authorindicates/suggests/impliesthat________.⑦Wecaninferfromthe(first/last)passagethat________.⑧Theunderlinedsentenceindicatesthat________.⑨Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?典题演示…Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.ThefirstrhinotobebornatPortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirsttimemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,givingtherhinosa“criticallyendangered”status.7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutPornLympneReserve?A.Therhinosectionwillbeopentothepublic.B.Itaimstocontrolthenumberoftheanimals.C.ItwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFund.D.Someofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas.解题步骤Step1圈定题干关键词：thecalves；areasofthewildStep2定位信息句：根据倒数第二段“itistooearlytotellifthecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild(要判断这些小犀牛是否会成为返回野生保护区的好的候选者还为时过早)”可推知，PonLympne保护区的一些犀牛可能会被送到野生保护区。Step3得出答案：D二.文章出处题★解题方略从文章的内容或结构判断起出处前面常会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称判断是报纸；格式特殊，容易辨认判断是广告；常含有操作方式、使用方法等判断为产品说明；常还有网页的典型用语判断为网页。设题方式①Thetextismostlikelytobetakenfrom________.②Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthistext?③Thepassageislikelytoappearin_________.④Whereisthepassagemostlikelytohavebeentakenfrom?⑤Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?⑥Wherecanthetextbefound?典题演示ATakeaview,theLandscape(风景)PhotographeroftheYearAward,wastheideaofCharlieWaite,oneoftoday'smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsaretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.TakeaviewisadesirableannualpetitionforphotographersfromallersoftheUKandbeyond.MikeShepherd(2011)SkiddawinWinterCumbria,EnglandItwasanextremelycoldwinter'seveningandfreezingfoghungintheair.Iclimbedtothetopofasmallriseandrealisedthatthemistwaslittlemorethanafewfeetdeep,andthoughitwasonlyashortclimb,IfoundmyselfpletelyaboveitandlookingatawonderfullyclearviewofSkiddawwiththesumsettinginthewest.Iusedclassicaltechniques,translatedfrommycollegedaysspentinthedarkroomintoPhotoshop,toachievetheblack—and—whiteimage(图像).TimothySmith(2014)MacclesfieldForestCheshire,EnglandIwasbackinmyhometownofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinterimages.WalkingupapaththroughtheforesttowardsShutlingsloe.alocalhighpoint,Icameacrossasmallclearingandimmediatelynoticedthedeadyellowgrassessetagainstthefreshsnow.ThesmallpineaddedtotheinterestandIplaceditcentrallytotaketheviewfromtheforegroundrightthroughintotheforest.3.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inahistorybook. B.Inanovel. C.Inanartmagazine. D.Inabiography.解题步骤Step1圈定题干关键词：Step2定位信息句：根据第一段“Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthattheAwardsaretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.TakeaviewisadesirableannualpetitionforphotographersfromallersoftheUKandbeyond.”(每年参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。对于英国和世界各地的摄影师来说，Takeaview是一项令人向往的年度竞赛)结合下文对两位获奖者及其作品的介绍，可知，这篇文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Takeaview以及获奖的相关情况，最可能出现在一本艺术杂志上。Step3得出答案：C三写作意图题★解题方略故事类为的是toentertainreaders；广告、议论文为的是toinform/show/convince/advise/propose/encouragereaders；科普类、新闻类、社会文化类为的是toinform/show/present/explain/analyze设题方式①Themainpurposeofthistextis________.②What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthisarticle?③Itcanbeconcludedthatthepassageismainlywrittenfor________.④Theauthorwritesthispassageto________.⑤Theauthorinthispassageintendsto________.典题演示You’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstoreexaminetheirrelationshiptosingleuseplasticproducts.…28.WhatareVonWong’sartworksintendedfor?A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin. B.Introducingecofriendlyproducts.C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste. D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.解题步骤Step1圈定题干关键词：wantsyoutoknow;reexamine;singleuseplasticproductsStep2定位信息句：根据第一段“Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstoreexaminetheirrelationshiptosingleuseplasticproducts.(但一根塑料吸管或一个塑料杯真的有什么区别吗？艺术家本杰明·冯·王(BenjaminVonWong)想让你知道，它确实如此。他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料产品的关系。)”可知，VonWong用塑料垃圾制作的雕塑想让人们重新审视与一次性塑料制品的关系，由此可知他做这个雕塑的目的是为了引起公众对塑料垃圾的关注。Step3得出答案：C四.观点态度题★解题方略选项常用词汇subjective/objective/neutral/indifferent/unclearpositive/approval/optimistic/hopefulnegative/disapproval/critical/pessimistic/doubtful/skeptical全面理解文章的内容和中心思想；抓住体现人物观点态度的关键句或列举的事例；注意流露作者思想倾向或感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词设题方式①Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.②Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthepassage?③Fromthepassagewecanconcludethat________.④Theattitudeoftheauthortowardssomebody/somethingis________.⑤Theauthor'...cantudetowards...canbebestdescribedas________.⑥Thetoneofthispassageisbestdescribedas_______.⑦Whatdoestheauthormostlikelywanttotellus?⑧WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorsoonafterhemovedtoLondon?典题演示…Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonablysupport,theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful.Themostpositiveaspectofthispopularizationisanewandmuchneededemphasis(重视)onemotionbyemployers,educatorsandothersinterestedinpromotingsocialwellbeing.Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchersreevaluatethefunctionalityofemotionsandhowtheyservepeopleadaptivelyineverydaylife.…34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetothepopularizationofemotionalintelligence?A.Favorable. B.Intolerant. C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.解题步骤step1圈定题干关键词：morebeneficial;Thepopularizationofemotionalstep2定位信息句：根据第三段“theoveralleffectsofthepublicityhavebeenmorebeneficialthanharmful.…Thepopularizationofemotionalintelligencehashelpedboththepublicandresearchers(宣传的总体效果一直是利大于弊。这种普及最积极的方面是雇主、教育者和其他对促进社会福利感兴趣的人对情感进行了新的、迫切需要的强调。情商的普及帮助了公众和研究人员)”可推知，作者认为情商普及是对人们有利的。step3得出答案：A四.篇章结构题★解题方略1.段落(篇章)论证方式——按照事物发展的顺序、按照事件的先后顺序、按照人物的活动内容、按照地点和空间的变换2.抓文章中心句——重视文章首段和末段抓段落中心句——重视段落首句和尾句看段间逻辑关系——总分式结构：总——分；总——分——总；分——总对照式结构——一正一反并列式结构——平行关系，相对独立对比选项定答案设题方式①Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthispassage?②Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure/organizationofthepassage?③Thesecondparagraphisdevelopedby?④Thepassageismainlydeveloped/organizedby_______?⑤Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?典题演示WhycollegeisnothomeThecollegeyearsaresupposedtobeatimeforimportantgrowthinautonomy(自主性)andthedevelopmentofadultidentity.However,nowtheyarebeinganextendedperiodofadolescence,duringwhichmanyoftoday'sstudentsarenotshoulderedwithadultresponsibilities.Forpreviousgenerations,collegewasadecisivebreakfromparentalcontrol;guidanceandsupportneededtoefrompeopleofthesameageandfromwithin.Inthepasttwodecades,however,continuedconnectionwithanddependenceonfamily,thankstocellphones,e­mailandsocialmedia,haveincreasedsignificantly.Someparentsgosofarastohelpwithcoursework.Insteadofpromotingtheideaofcollegeasapassagefromtheshelterofthefamilytoautonomyandadultresponsibility,universitieshavegivenintotheideathattheyshouldprovidethesameenvironmentasthatofthehome.Toprepareforincreasedautonomyandresponsibility,collegeneedstobeatimeofexplorationandexperimentation.Thisprocessinvolves“tryingon”newwaysofthinkingaboutoneselfbothintellectually(在思维方面)andpersonally.Whileweshouldprovide“safespaces”withincolleges,wemustalsomakeitsafetoexpressopinionsandchallengemajorityviews.Intellectualgrowthandflexibilityarefosteredbystrictdebateandquestioning.Learningtodealwiththesocialworldisequallyimportant.Becauseacollegemunity(群体)differsfromthefamily,manystudentswillstruggletofindasenseofbelonging.Ifstudentsrelyonadministratorstoregulatetheirsocialbehaviourandthinkingpattern,theyarenotfacingthechallengeoffindinganidentitywithinalargerandplexmunity.Moreover,thetendencyforuniversitiestomonitorandshapestudentbehaviourrunsupagainstanothercharacteristicofyoungadults:theresponsetobeingcontrolledbytheirelders.Ifacceptablesocialbehaviouristoostrictlydefined(规定)andcontrolled,theinsensitiveoraggressivebehaviourthatadministratorsareseekingtominimizemayactuallybeencouraged.Itisnotsurprisingthatyoungpeoplearelikelytoburstout,particularlywhentherearereasonstodoso.Ourgenerationoncejoinedhandsandstoodfirmattimesofnationalemergency.Whatislackingtodayistheconflictbetweenadolescents'desireforautonomyandtheirunderstandingofanunsafeworld.Therefore,thereisthedesirefortheirdormstobereplacementhomesandnotplacestoexperienceintellectualgrowth.Everycollegediscussionaboutmunityvalues,socialclimateandbehaviourshouldincluderecognitionofthedevelopmentalimportanceofstudentautonomyandself­regulation,ofthenecessarytensionbetweensafetyandself­discovery.70.Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?A. B.C. D.I：IntroductionP：PointSp：Sub­point(次要点)C：Conclusion解题步骤Step1圈定题干关键词：Thecollegeyears；responsibility；collegediscussion；thesocialworldStep2定位信息句：根据第一段提出论点：大学阶段应该是自我能力和个性发展的重要成长时期，然而现在成了青春期的延伸期，在此期间，很多大学生没有承担起成年人的责任。第二段分析其原因：目前这一代人，大学阶段本来应该是独立阶段，但是父母包办过多。第三、四段从学校、个人两方面谈到如何培养责任感和社交能力；第五、六段是第三、四段观点的延伸。最后一段呼吁大学应该意识到培养学生自我发展和自我规范的重要性。Step3得出答案：CPassage1(2025新高考I卷D)MicroplasticshavebeeamonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth—theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyareevenappearinginsidehumans.Now,newresearchsuggeststhatasimple,cheapmeasuremaysignificantlyreducethelevelofmicroplasticsinwaterfromyourtap(水龙头):boilingandfiltering(过滤)it.InastudypublishedWednesdayinEnvironmentalScience&TechnologyLetters,researchersfromChinafoundthatboilingtapwaterforjustfiveminutes—thenfilteringitafteritcools—couldremoveatleast80percentofitsmicroplastics.Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonate(碳酸钙)totraptheplastics.Inthestudy,boilinghardwatercontaining300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics.Butinsampleswithlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate,boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25percent.Additionally,theresearchdidn’tincludealltypesofplastics.Theteamfocusedonlyonthreemontypes—polystyrene,polyethyleneandpolypropylene—andtheydidn’tstudyotherchemicalspreviouslyfoundinwatersuchasvinylchloride.Still,thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposure—ataskthat’sbeingincreasinglydifficult.Evenbottledwater,scientistsfoundearlierthisyear,contains10to1,000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought.Scientistsarestilltryingtodeterminehowharmfulmicroplasticsare—butwhattheydoknowhasraisedconcerns.Thenewstudysuggestsboilingtapwatercouldbeatooltolimitintake.“Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplasticsweretrappedthroughtheboilingprocesswasnice,”CarolineGauchotteLindsay,anenvironmentalengineeroftheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch,tellsNewScientist.“Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics.”12.Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthefirstparagraph?A.Byquotinganexpert. B.Bydefiningaconcept.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Byprovidingstatistics.13.Whatdeterminestheeffectivenessoftrappingmicroplasticsinwater?A.Thehardnessofwater. B.Thelengthofcoolingtime.C.Thefrequencyoffiltering. D.Thetypeofplasticinwater.14.Whatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningbottledwaterinparagraph4?A.Theimportanceofplasticrecycling. B.Theseverityofthemicroplasticproblem.C.Thedangerinoverusingpurewater. D.Thedifficultyintreatingpollutedwater.15.WhatisGauchotteLindsay’ssuggestionabout?A.Choiceofnewresearchmethods. B.Possibledirectionforfurtherstudy.C.Needtoinvolvemoreresearchers. D.Potentialapplicationofthefindings.Passage2(2024•浙江1月高考•阅读理解C)OnSeptember7,1991,thecostliesthailstorm(雹暴)inCanadianhistoryhitCalgary’ssouthernsuburbs.Asaresult,since1996agroupofinsurancepanieshavespentabout$2millionperyearontheAlbertaHailSuppressionProject.Airplanesseedthreateningstormcellswithachemicaltomakesmallicecrystalsfallasrainbeforetheycangrowintodangeroushailstones.ButfarmersineastcentralAlberta—downwindofthehailprojectflights—worrythatpreciousmoisture(水分)isbeingstolenfromtheirthirstylandbythecloudseeding.NormanStienwand,whofarmsinthatarea,hasbeenaddressingpublicmeetingsonthisissueforyears“Basically,theprovincialgovernmentislettingtheinsurancepaniesprotecttheCalgaryEdmontonurbanareafromhail,”Mr.Stienwandsays,“butthey’reincreasingdroughtriskasfareastasSaskatchewan.”TheAlbertahailprojectismanagedbyTerryKrauss,acloudphysicistwhoworksforWeatherModificationInc.ofFargo,NorthDakota.“Weaffectonlyaverysmallpercentageofthetotalmoistureintheair,sowecannotbecousingdrought.”Dr.Krausssays.“Infact,wemaybehelpingincreasethemoisturedownwindbycreatingwetterground.”OnedoubteraboutthesafetyofcloudseedingisChuckDoswell,aresearchscientistwhojustretiredfromtheUniversityofOklahoma.“In1999,Ipersonallysawsignificanttornadoes(龙卷风)formfromaseededstormcellinKansas,”Dr.Doswellsays.“Doescloudseedingcreatekillerstormsorreducemoisturedownwind?Noonereallyknows,ofcourse,buttheseedinggoeson.”Giventhedegreeofdoubt,Mr.Stienwandsuggests,“itwouldbewisetostopcloudseeding.”Inpractice,doubthashadtheoppositeeffect.Duetothelackofscientificproofconcerningtheirimpacts,noonehassucceededinwinningalawsuitagainstcloudseedingpanies.Hence,privateclimateengineeringcanproceedinrelativelegalsafety.8.Whatdoestheprojectaimtodo?A.Conservemoistureinthesoil. B.Preventtheformationofhailstones.C.Forecastdisastroushailstorms. D.Investigatechemicaluseinfarming.9.Whoareopposedtotheproject?A.FarmersineastcentralAlberta. B.Managersofinsurancepanies.C.Provincialgovernmentofficials. D.ResidentsofCalgaryandEdmonton10.WhydoesDr.Doswellmentionthetornadoeshesawin1999?A.Toparedifferentkindsofseedingmethods.B.Toillustratethedevelopmentofbighailstorms.C.Toindicateapossibledangerofcloudseeding.D.Toshowthelinkbetweenstormsandmoisture.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.ScientificstudieshaveprovedStienwandright.B.PrivateclimateengineeringisillegalinCanada.C.Thedoubtaboutcloudseedinghasdisappeared.D.Cloudseedingpanieswillcontinuetoexist.Passage3(2023∙新高考全国Ⅰ卷B)WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancercausingchemicals?Withtherightbinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallanecomachine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheecomachinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.HealsodesignedanecomachinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoselfrepair.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.5.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals. B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Totesttheecomachine.6.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans. B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.TopareJohn’sdifferentjobs. D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.7.WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself. B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.Passage1(2026届“贵百河—南宁二中、武鸣高中”8月高三摸底考试英语)WhenindustrialengineerAbelCruzwasaboy,hisweeklyworkwastostrugglethrougharockyvalleyinthefoothillsofthePeruvianAndestofetchthefamily’swaterfromaspring.“Itwasdownhillfromthehouse,farawayandrough,”herecalls.ThischallengingtaskleftalastingimpressiononCruz,whobegandreamingupinnovativewaystocollectwatermoreefficiently.Heobservedthatspecialplantshaveevolvedtocapturerainandmistwiththeirbroadandwideleaves.Thisobservationsparkedtheinspirationforarevolutionaryidea:afognet.Overtheyears,Cruzhasimprovedthisconceptandeventuallyshareditwithmunitiesaroundtheworld.Thefognetconsistsofverticalsections,eachcoveringanareaofabout215squarefeet.AsfogesfromthePacificOcean,microdropsofwaterconcentrateonthenetandthendripdownintocollectiontanksbelow.Remarkably,asinglenetcangatherbetween50and100gallonsofwaterperday.InjointeffortswiththeCreatingWaterFoundation,Cruzhasfixedover3,600ofthesenetsonthebarehillsidessurroundingLima,Peru.Thisinitiativehasbeencrucialinprovidingasustainablewatersourceforthecity,whichishometomorethan9millionresidents.Limaexperiencesminimalrainfallandstruggleswithfrequentwatershortages,makingCruz’sworkmorecritical.“Theplanethaslessandlessfreshwater,”Cruzemphasizes,highlightingtheimportanceofhiswork.“Glaciers,whichactasnaturalresources,aredisappearing,sowemustfindinnovativewaystoaccumulateandsavewaterforperiodsofdrought.”Hiseffortsnotonlychangelivesbutalsoemphasizetheurgentneedforsustainablesolutionsinaworldfacingincreasingwatershortage.1.WhyisCruz’schildhoodexperienceoffetchingwatermentioned?A.ToshowwhatatoughboyCruzwas. B.Toexplainhismotivationforinnovation.C.Torecallhisterriblesufferingsinthepast. D.Toprovehowshortwaterwasinhishometown.2.WhatfunctiondoesCruz’sinnovationserve?A.Tocollecttinydropsofwater. B.Tocapturerainandmist.C.TodrawfogfromthePacific. D.Tooccupythebarehillsides.3.WherehaveCruzandtheCreatingWaterFoundationinstalledthefognets?A.OnglaciersnearthePacificOcean. B.Insidecollectiontanksinresidentialareas.C.OnbarehillsidessurroundingLima. D.IntherockyvalleysofthePeruvianAndes.4.WhatmayCruz’seffortsleadto?A.GuaranteeingcropharvestsinPeru.B.Promotingtherecyclingofwaterresources.C.Endingpovertybyimprovingtraditionalfarming.D.Improvingthelifequalityforpeopleinwaterstressedareas.Passage2(2026届广东高三年级8月份联考)InMay,2025,fourBritishmenhavesuccessfullypletedahighspeedexpedition(探险)onMountEverest,reachingthepeakinjustfivedays.GarthMiller,AlistairCarns,AnthonyStazickerandKevinGodlingtonclimbedthetoweringpeakwithhelpfromtheAustrianguidingpanyFurtenbachAdventures.TheteamalsoincludedfiveSherpaguidesandacameraman.Butthesewerenotthedecidingfactorsfortheirsuccess.ClimberswhowanttoclimbEveresttypicallymustspendweeksormonthsgettingusedtothethinair,butthisteamfinishedmuchfaster.Theirsuccesscamefrommonthsofhomepreparation:Theysleptinspeciallowoxygententstomimic(模仿)theeffectsofhighmountains,andexercisedwhilewearingequipmentthatreducedoxygenintake.Additionally,theclimbersreceivedaspecialtreatmentinGermany:breathingasmallamountofxenon(氙气)mixedwithoxygenforunderanhour.Discoveredinthe1800s,thisgashasmedicalusesandmayhelpthebodyhandlethinair.Theteamhopedthexenontreatmentmightgivethemanextraboost,buttheyadmitteditwasn’tessential.However,theInternationalClimbingandMountaineeringFederation(ICMF)arguesthere’snoproofthatxenonimprovesmountainperformance,andwrongusecanberisky.Somemountaineersopposexenongas.Theyseeitasanunfairadvantage.“Ifyou’repromotingxenonasaperformanceenhancer,butyou’renotalsowillingtoexaminewhatthatmeansforfairnessandintegrityinthemountains,it’saproblem,”saysAdrianBallinger,anAmericanmountainguidewholeadsEverestexpeditions.UsingxenoncouldletclimbersspendlesstimeandmoneypreparinginNepal.Nepalesetourismofficialssaidtheydidn’tknowtheBritishteamplannedtoclimbEverestwithoutstandardpreparation.“We’lldiscussthisanddecidefuturepolicies,”statedtourismdirectorNarayanRegmi.TheclimbersnotedthatEverestexpeditionsnowacceptpracticesonceforbidden,likeextraoxygenorhelicopterflightstobasecamp.Theyarguedtheirfastclimbreducedrisksandenvironmentalharm.1.What’sthemainreasonforthefourmen’sreachingthepeakinjustfivedays?A.Theyconsultedaspecificpany. B.Theyhadenoughtrainingathome.C.Theyhiredexperiencedguides. D.Theycarriedunusualoxygen.2.Whatwasthefourclimbers’purposeinusingxenon?A.TofightagainsttheICMF’smentsonit. B.Totestitsactualeffectivenessonclimbers.C.Topromotemoreapplicationsinmedicine. D.Toaddmoreassurancetotheirexpedition.3.Whydosomemountaineersobjecttotheuseofxenon?A.Itisconsideredanunfairshortcut. B.Ithasquestionableeffects.C.Itdestroystheenvironment. D.Itbringsthemlessprofit.4.WhatmightbeNepalofficials’attitudetousingxenoninclimbingmountains?A.Dismissive. B.Disapproving. C.Tolerant. D.Appreciative.Passage3(2026届重庆一中高三上期开学考试)RememberwhenconcertswerejustaboutsingingalongandmaybebuyingaTshirt?Well,thosedaysareover.Nowadays,concertshavegrownintomassivemoneymakers,turningcitiesintobuzzingspotsfulloftourists,shoppers,andexcitedfansreadytospend.TakeTaylorSwift'sErasTourin2023.Itwasn’tjustabigshow—itpouredover$5billionintotheU.S.economy.Hotelswerebookedmonthsahead,ridesharedriversworkednonstop,andlocalrestaurantscouldn’tkeepupwithhungryfans.Chinahasseensimilareffects,withstarslikeJayChoufillingarenasandboostinglocaleconomiesduringtheirtours.Throughconcerts,citiesweren’tjusthopingforagoodtime—theywerechasingrealcash,showingthatagreatconcertcanbringinmoremoneythanmanyadsandcampaignsbined.Somecriticsarguethatthissurgeineconomicactivityisjustatemporaryspikethatdisappearsoncethelastnotefades,overlookingthefactthatmusic’simpactgoesfarbeyondimmediatespending;itshapesidentity,munity,andmemoriesthatkeepfansreturningtimeaftertime,whilesocialmediacanincreasethiseffectgreatly,asasingleviralconcertclipcaninspirethousandsmoretojoinfutureevents.Thisplexinterplayofemotionalconnectionanddigitalreachmeanstheconcerteconomyisaboutmuchmorethanmoney.Governmentsarequicktorecognizethispotential.Shanghainowbinesmajorconcertswithtourismpackages,SeoulhasbuiltimmersiveKpopexperiencecenters,andsmallercitiesareinvestinginupgradedvenuestoattractbignameacts,understandingthatlivemusiccanbeavitalpartofurbandevelopmentstrategiestha