Unit5WorkingthelandDiscoveringUsefulStructures主语从句学案高中英语人教版选择性

Unit5Workingtheland语法学案（主语从句）一、句子类型回顾与主语从句引入（1）句子类型分类请根据所学知识，补全句子类型分类框架：简单句：由一个主谓结构构成的句子。并列句：由两个或两个以上简单句通过并列连词（如and,but,or等）连接而成。复合句：由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成，从句根据其在句中的功能可分为：形容词性从句（定语从句）；名词性从句（包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）；副词性从句（状语从句）（2）主语从句引入阅读以下句子，圈出每个句子的主语：Heconsideredhimselfafarmer.Yuan’sinnovationhashelpedtofeedmorepeople.UsingsaltylandinChinaforriceproductionwashislatestvision.Howthiscouldbedonewasachallengingquestionatthetime.WhatconcernedYuanLongpingmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvests.思考：上述句子中，哪些句子的主语是一个句子？当一个句子在复合句中充当主语时，我们称这个句子为__________。二、主语从句的引导词及功能（1）观察与分析阅读以下句子，思考划线部分（主语从句）的引导词及其在从句中的作用：However，whatconcernedhimmostwasthatfarmersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.However，whetheritwaspossibletodevelopahybridofselfpollinatingplantssuchasricewasamatterofgreatdebate.Today，itisestimatedthatabout60percentofdomesticriceconsumptioninChinaisprisedofcropsgeneratedfromYuan’shybridstrains.WhatimpressespeoplemostaboutYuanLongpingishisongoingabilitytofulfillhisdreams.完成以下问题：以上划线部分在句中作__________。第1句和第4句中的what在从句中作__________。第2句中的whether意为“__________”。第3句中的it是__________，真正的主语是后面的__________。（2）引导词分类与功能根据引导词的性质和功能，主语从句的引导词可分为三类，请结合例句分析其用法：1.从属连词（that,whether）阅读例句，补全表格：引导词例句在从句中是否作成分是否有实际含义能否省略thatThathewillpasstheexamiscertain.whetherWhetherhewillpasstheexamisuncertain.2.连接代词（who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whatever,whichever）阅读例句，分析连接代词在从句中的成分和含义：Whowilltakepartinthemeetinghasnotbeendecided.（who在从句中作__________，译为“__________”）Whomtheywillchooseisasecret.（whom在从句中作__________，译为“__________”）Whosescoresarehigherwilleoutsoon.（whose在从句中作__________，译为“__________”）WhichbookIshallchoosehasn’tbeendecided.（which在从句中作__________，译为“__________”）Whatsurprisedmeisthegiftfrommysister.（what在从句中作__________，译为“__________”）Whateverhedidwasright.（whatever在从句中作__________，译为“__________”）Whoeverleavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.（whoever在从句中作__________，译为“__________”）Whicheverofyouwinswillreceiveaprize.（whichever在从句中作__________，译为“__________”）3.连接副词（when,where,why,how）阅读例句，分析连接副词在从句中的成分和含义：Whentheywillstartisnotknownyet.（when在从句中作__________，译为“__________”）Wheresheisfromisunknown.（where在从句中作__________，译为“__________”）Whyhewaslateisnotimportantnow.（why在从句中作__________，译为“__________”）Howhebecameagreatscientistisknowntousall.（how在从句中作__________，译为“__________”）（3）引导词选择总结根据从句的语法结构和语义需求，选择合适的引导词：若从句结构完整，且不缺少任何成分，仅需连接主句和从句：表陈述语气（无实际含义），用__________。表“是否”的疑问语气，用__________。若从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语：指人：作主语用__________，作宾语用__________，作定语用__________。指物：作主语、宾语或表语用__________，作定语用__________。表“无论……”：指人用__________，指物用__________，指选择用__________。若从句缺少时间、地点、原因或方式状语：表时间用__________，表地点用__________，表原因用__________，表方式用__________。三、主语从句的三大核心规则（1）语序规则阅读以下两组句子，判断正误并总结规律：①Wherewewillhaveapicnicshouldbediscussed.（）②Wherewillwehaveapicnicshouldbediscussed.（）①Howwegoforapicnicshouldbediscussed.（）②Howdowegoforapicnicshouldbediscussed.（）规律：主语从句应使用__________语序，即“主语+谓语”的顺序，不能使用疑问句语序。（2）主谓一致规则阅读例句，补全句子并总结规律：Whyhedidn’te______unknown.（be动词）Whenandwherehewillgo______unknown.（be动词）Whathesaidandwhathedid______different.（be动词）WhatIwant______time.（be动词）；WhatIwant______threebooks.（be动词）规律：单个主语从句作主语时，主句谓语动词用__________。由and连接两个或两个以上主语从句作主语时，主句谓语动词用__________。由what引导的主语从句作主语时，主句谓语动词的单复数取决于从句中__________的单复数。（3）it作形式主语规则阅读例句，对比两种表达的差异并总结规律：①Thattheearthmovesaroundthesuniswellknown.②Itiswellknownthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.①Thatshehasmadesuchamistakeisapity.②Itisapitythatshehasmadesuchamistake.规律：主语从句通常位于句首，但为了避免句子“头重脚轻”，保持结构平衡，常用__________作形式主语，将真正的主语从句置于句末。常见it作形式主语的句型根据提示，补全以下常用句型：It+be+名词+that从句that...oodnewsthat...（……真是好消息）that...pity/shamethat...（遗憾的是……）that...factthat...（事实上……）that...owonderthat...（难怪……）It+be+形容词+that从句that...ertainthat...（肯定……）that...ossible/likelythat...（很可能……）that...ecessary/important/vital/essentialthat...（从句常用__________语气，即“should+动词原形”，should可省略）It+be+过去分词+that从句that...eportedthat...（据报道……）that...elievedthat...（人们相信……）that...enerallythoughtthat...（人们普遍认为……）that...uggestedthat...（有人建议……，从句常用__________语气）It+不及物动词/固定搭配+that从句that...enedthat...（碰巧……）that...rredtosb.that...（某人突然想起……）that...s/appearsthat...（似乎……）that...edoutthat...（原来……）（4）whether与if的区别阅读例句，总结whether和if在引导主语从句时的使用差异：①Whethergeneticallymodifiedfooddoesusharmremainstobeseen.②Itremainstobeseenwhether/ifgeneticallymodifiedfooddoesusharm.Whethershewilleornotisstillaquestion.（此处能否用if替换？______）规律：当主语从句位于句首时，只能用__________，不能用if。当主语从句后接“ornot”时，只能用__________，不能用if。当用it作形式主语，主语从句置于句末时，__________和__________均可使用。四、巩固练习（1）填入适当的引导词______tosolvethisquestionisunknowntous.Itisuncertain______hecanetoJenny’sbirthdaypartyornot.______hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.______hesaidwasright.Everyyear,______makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.______youdidhelpedusalot.______willbeourmonitorhasn'tbeendecidedyet.______youcanrecoversoonisthebestnewsI’veheardrecently.______excitedJennymostwasthatshefinallysucceeded.______thenewchemicalpesticideiseffectiveremainstobeseen.______esinfirstwillgetaprize.______hediditremainsamystery.______canjointhesportsmeetingisdecidedbytheteacher.______impressedmemostwasthatthehybridriceenabledfarmerstoexpandtheiroutputgreatly.______hequithishighpayingjobisnotdifficulttounderstand.Hewantedtostartuphisownbusiness.（2）主谓一致填空Whathewantstodo______(be)tohaveagoodrest.Whetheritwillrainornot______(be)notclear.Thathehaswonsomanyawards______(surprise)us.Whenheleftusandwhyhedidthat______(remain)unknowntous.Howandwhyhecametothiscity______(be)astoryofstruggleandsuccess.（3）高考真题链接（填入适当的引导词）[2020・全国Ⅱ卷]It’sbeenreported______76％employeesinsomewesterncountriesareusingemojisatwork.[2020・江苏卷]Itisnotaproblem______wecanwinthebattle;it’sjustamatteroftime.[2019・全国Ⅰ卷]______youneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.[2019・全国Ⅰ卷]Thedeadlinesand______youneedtoapplydependontheprogram.[2013・北京卷]______makesthebooksoextraordinaryisthecreativeimaginationofthewriter.[2015・江苏卷]______LiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewon’tacceptit.[2015・北京卷]______weunderstandthingshasalottodowithwhatwefeel.[2016・江苏卷]______isknowntoallisthateffectivemeasuresshouldbetakentodealwiththeproblemoftheoverexploitingofourresources.[2016・北京卷]Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.______youcandohelps.[2017・北京卷]Everyyear,______makesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.（4）句子匹配（P53Activity2)（5）句型转换（用主语从句改写句子）（P90Activity1)五、课文原句回顾阅读Unit5课文中的以下句子，找出其中的主语从句，并分析引导词的用法：However,______concernedhimmostwas______farmersoftenhadpoorharvestsandsometimesevenhadaseriousshortageoffoodtoeat.______thiscouldbedonewasachallengingquestionatthetime.However,______itwaspossibletodevelopahybridofselfpollinatingplantssuchasricewasamatterofgreatdebate.Today,______isestimated______about60percentofdomesticriceconsumptioninChinaisprisedofcropsgeneratedfromYuan’shybridstrains.______impressespeoplemostaboutYuanLongpingishisongoingabilitytofulfilhisdreams.高分写作高分句式1Wh词引导的主语从句+谓语【例句】1.Whatissobreathtakingabouttheexperienceistheoutofthisworldscenes.这段经历最令人惊叹的是它所呈现的世界之外的景色。[2021新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空]Whatinterestedusmostwerethreecrossesinredink.我们最感兴趣的是红墨水画的三个叉。《金银岛》WhateverdecisionMarymakesparents.Maryportedbyherparents.Mary所做的任何决定都将得到她父母的支持。Whowillberesponsiblefororganizingtheeventisstillbeingdiscussedbythemittee.委员会仍在讨论谁将负责组织这次活动。Whereweshouldgofordinnerisupfordebate.我们应该去哪里吃晚饭还有待讨论。补全句子。他给我的不仅仅是一美元钞票，而是宝贵的一课。__________________________________________wasmorethanadollarbill,butavaluablelesson.最让我印象深刻的是，他随时准备着去帮助别人。__________________________________________wasthathe'salwaysreadytohelpothers.新产品的发布时间取决于最终测试的结果。__________________________________________dependsontheresultsofthefinaltesting.高分句式2Itbe+形容词/名词词组/动词的过去分词+主语从句【例句】1.Withthesemeasures,itisbelievedthatthebeautyoftheLiRiverwillbepreservedforP5generationstoe.有了这些措施，相信漓江的美丽将被世世代代保存下来。[人教选择性必修三Unit3]Withallthisbeauty,itisnotsurprisingthatIrelandhasdevelopedstrongtraditionsthatincludemusic，dancing，anddining.有了这些美景，爱尔兰发展出包括音乐、舞蹈和美食的浓厚传统也就不足为奇了。[人教必修二Unit4]Itisapitythatyouhavemissedsuchagoodchance.很可惜，你已经错过了这么好的一次机会。汉译英。据报道明天会下雨。____________________________________________________________________________________至关重要的是我们要学会提升自我。____________________________________________________________________________________是什么引起这场事故完全是个谜。____________________________________________________________________________________Unit5Workingtheland语法学案（主语从句）参考答案一、句子类型回顾与主语从句引入（2）主语从句引入思考答案：主语从句二、主语从句的引导词及功能（1）观察与分析・主语；主语・是否・形式主语；that引导的从句（2）引导词分类与功能1.从属连词（that,whether）引导词例句在从句中是否作成分是否有实际含义能否省略thatThathewillpasstheexamiscertain.否否不能whetherWhetherhewillpasstheexamisuncertain.否是（表“是否”）不能2.连接代词（who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whatever,whichever）・主语；谁・宾语；谁・定语