广东省2025-2026学年高一上学期英语期中模拟卷1（含答案）

第第页广东省2025-2026学年高一上学期英语期中模拟卷（1）一、阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Asthefirstgirlinmyfamily,IwasborninVenezuela,twelvemonthstothedaybeforeoneofthebiggestearthquakesinthecountry'shistorystruckthecapitalcityCaracasin1967.I'vealwaysseenthisasasignofmydestiny.Disastershavethepotentialtosetbackanation'sdevelopmentforyearsandevendecades.However,mypersonalexperienceshavetaughtmethattheextentofdamageoftendependsonwhetherthereisacultureofpreventionwithintheaffectedsociety..IrecallatimewhenIwaslivinginanapartmentbuildingwhenamoderateearthquakestruck.Myreaction,aftertheimmediate"drop,cover,holdon"reflexes(反射动作),wastohopethatthebuildingwouldprovetobestructurallysound.Astheshakingslowlystopped,Iranoutsidetowaitforpossibleaftershocks.Myfears,thankfully,didnothappen.Ithadresistedthequakebecauseitfollowedthecountry'sbuildingcodes.Occasionslikethisshowthenecessityofhavingupdatedbuildingcodesthatincludelessonslearnedfrompastdisasters.Hadthebuildingnotfollowedtheseupdatedcodes,Imaynothavesurvived.Thisexperiencehasonlystrengthenedmybeliefinthevalueofpreventioninmitigatingtheimpactofdisasters.IhavespentthepasttwoyearsworkingontheBuiltEnvironmentinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanProject.Theprojecthasdevelopedrisk-informedpoliciesandengineeringtechniquesinthesixcountriesthatwereselectedfortheirparticularlyhighexposuretoearthquakes.Thisprojectfitsperfectlywithmyprofessionalandpersonalgoals,asitcombinesmypassionandexperienceinriskreduction.LikethethirdlittlepiginthetaleofThreeLittlePigs,whoputsresilience(韧性)aboveconveniencewhilebuildinghishousefrombricks,I'mcommittedtobuildingaframeworkofpreventionandresilience,asIknowthatearlyactiontodaycanpreventproblemstomorrow.1．Whatdoestheauthorrefertoasherdestiny?A．Rebuildingcitiesafterdisasters.B．Experiencingmanyearthquakes.C．Doingworkrelatedtoearthquakes.D．UpdatingbuildingcodesinVenezuela.2．Whydidtheearthquakementionedinparagraph3impresstheauthor?A．Sherealizedthedangerofearthquakes.B．Shefeltshedidnotrespondwellenough.C．Shewasveryluckytoescapewithherlife.D．Sherecognizedtheimportanceofprevention.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"mitigating"inparagraph4mean?A．Causing. B．Reducing. C．Ignoring. D．Avoiding.4．WhatdoesthetaleofThreeLittlePigsimply?A．Teamworkmattersinpreventingdisasters.B．Riskreductionworkrequiresalotofskills.C．Damagecausedbydisasterscanbeavoided.D．Buildinghousesneedspassionandexperience.Beingstruckbylightningissomethinghumansgenerallytrytoavoid.Butforatleastonetropicaltreespecies,thismightbeagoodthing.Scientistshavelongbelievedthatbeinghitbylightningcouldhaveonlynegativeeffectsontrees."Yourbest-casescenario(设想)isthatyou'rekindofokay,andyourworst-casescenariois:youexplodeinamillionbits,"saysEvanGora,aforestecologistattheCaryInstituteofEcosystemStudiesinNewYorkState.Butafterspendingmanyyearsstudyingtheeffectsoflightningonrainforests,Gorabeganwonderingwhethertreescouldnotonlysurvivethisusuallydeadlyeventbutalsoactuallygetsomekindofadvantagefromit.Tofindout,heandhiscolleaguesspentseveralyearsfollowingthefateof93treesfromvariousspeciesintherainforestofcentralPanamawhentheyweredirectlystruckbylightning.Ninewerefromaspeciesknownasthealmendro(油蜡豆树),aforestgiantnativetoCentralandSouthAmericathatcangrowupto165feettall.Afterthetreeswerestruck,theresearcherscontinuedtomonitortheonesthatsurvivedtheshock,checkingtheiroverallcondition.Theresultsshowedthatthealmendrotreeswereveryresistanttolightningandminimallydamaged.Afewotherlargespeciesalsosurvivedthestrikesandmighthavebenefittedaswell,butlightninghadnotstruckenoughofthesespeciesfortheresearcherstobecertain.Theresearchersalsoassumethatthealmendromighthaveevolvedtoattractlightning—oratleastnottoavoidit,asmostothertreeshave.Almendrotrees'widecrown(树冠)andtallheight.whichenhanceitschanceofbeinghit,makeitalivinglightningrod(避雷针).Gorathinkssimilarabilitiestobenefitfromlightningmightbewidespreadacrossotherspeciesandtypesofforests.AllanCarroll,adisturbanceecologistattheUniversityofBritishColumbia,whowasn'tinvolvedintheresearch,says,"Thefindingsofthestudyarequitenovelandmakeasignificantcontributiontoourknowledgeofplantevolution."5．WhydoestheauthorquoteEvanGora?A．Toshowafact. B．Tosupportapoint.C．Toexplainaconcept. D．Toillustrateaphenomenon.6．Howdidresearchersstudytheeffectsoflightningontrees?A．Theycheckedtherelateddatayearly.B．Theytrackedthesubjectsforalongtime.C．Theycomparedtheheightofdifferenttrees.D．Theyrecordedthefrequencyoflightingoccurrences.7．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A．Almendrotreesarelikelytoattractlightning.B．Theresultoftheresearchistotallyconvincing.C．Beingresistanttolightningiscommontotrees.D．Almendrotreescangetshelteredfromlightning.8．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Howdotreesconductelectricity?B．Howaretreesprotectedfromlightning?C．Cantreespeciesbenefitfromlightning?D．Canlightningharmrainforestecosystem?IremembervividlythedayIfirststeppedintoMarguerite-d'YouvilleElementarySchoolinSaguenay,whichisaschoollookingtotallydifferent.Itallstartedbackin2017,andagroupofQuebec-basededucationadvocates,includingcelebratedarchitectPierreThibault,brokewithtradition.Theypersuadedtheneducationministertokickin$3milliontocreateLab-École,anon-profitaimedatdevelopinglearningenvironmentsthatwouldmakechildrenexcitedtogotoschool.Lab-École'smodel,inspiredbyprimaryschoolsinDenmark,FinlandandJapan,includedlargewindows,naturalmaterials,andspaciousroomforkitchens,commonspacesandplay.In2019,sixschoolswerechosentoreceiveLab-Écolemakeovers,oneofwhichwasMarguerite-d'YouvilleElementarySchool.The$16.75-milliondesignfeaturedthreeinterconnected,all-woodpavilions(亭子)withslopingroofsremindingallofSaguenay'sLittleWhiteHouse.WhenIwalkedintothefirstwingoftheschool,ithousesofficesandkindergartenclassrooms,whilethesecond,centralwinghasacookinglabandmulti-purposecreativelab,alongwithacommunitylearningcenterthatdoublesasalibraryandgatheringspace.Inthethirdwing,theschool's12elementaryclassroomsarespreadoutbetweenthreehomeycottage-likestructures.Outside,theyardissurroundedbytheU-shapedmainbuilding,protectingtheareafromhighwindsandotherwildweather.There'sanoutdoorclassroom,asportscircuitandlotsofclimbableplaystructuresmadewithrepurposedwoodfromoldbuildings.Bio-retentionbasinsarebuiltintothegardentomanagestormwaterrunoff.Here,wehadthechancetolearntheinsandoutsofurbanagriculture.AfterdoorsopenedinAugustof2023,thestructurereceivedgoodreviewsfromits290pupils,includingmeandthepublic,whomakeregularuseofitsparkandkitchen.TheprovincehasnoplanstoextendLab-Écoleafterallitsschoolsarecompletedthisyear,buttheprogramhasalreadyaceditsassignment:togetCanadiansthinkingdifferentlyaboutwhataschoolcanbe.9．Whywasthenon-profitLab-Écoleestablished?A．Topopularizeasustainablelivingstyle.B．Tomakeschoolsappealingtostudents.C．Todevelopstudents'criticalthinking.D．Tocallforharmonyinlocalcommunity.10．Whatdoestheauthorintendtoexplainabouttheupgradedschoolinparagraph3?A．Itscost. B．Itsdesign. C．Itslocation. D．Itshistory.11．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Studentswillperformmoreassignmentsintheclass.B．Parentsandkidsholddifferentviewsonthestructure.C．Theprovinceplanstoextendthemodeltoallschools.D．Theschool'smakeoverwonpopularitywiththepublic.12．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．Lab-École:InnovatingCanadianSchoolDesign.B．ChallengesFacingHighSchoolStudentsinCanada.C．AnIntroductiontoQuebec-basedEducationAdvocates.D．Marguerite-d'YouvilleElementarySchool:aNewlyConstructedSchool.二、第二节语句排序（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）Manyofourmemorysystemsaredrivenbyonesingle,powerfulurge:tosurvive.13．Therefore,wecannavigateourlocalenvironmentssafely.We'realsonaturallytalentedatrecognizingfaces.Eversincewelivedingroups,wehumanshaveneededtoknowwho's"partofthepack",andwhoisn't,asavitalpartofstayingsafe.Andwe'reexcellentatrememberingthingsthatmightputourwell-beingatrisk.Arecentresearchshowedthatwe'reremarkablyaccurateatrecallinganythingconnectedwithinfection.14．Inthestudy,volunteerswereshownasetofobjectsthattheywouldbetestedonlater.Buttherewasatwist.Someoftheitemswereheldbyaresearcherwhowassaidtohavegotflu.Andguesswhat?Those"contaminated(受污染的)"objectsprovedtobesignificantlyeasiertorecall.Noneofthevolunteerswouldeverhavetotouchthosethingsthemselves.Buttheirmindsstillprioritizedthem,lockingintheinformationforlater—justincaseitcouldkeepthemsafe.15．Whenyou'vegotsomethingimportanttoremember,whynot"tag"itwithoneofthoseunpleasantfeelingsthatyourbraincan'thelpholdingonto?Worriedaboutforgettingthemilkfromyourshoppinglist?Picturethebottle,andimagineopeningitonlytodiscoverthatit'sweeksoutofdate.Thinkabouthowitwouldlook—andsmell!16．Yourinstinctforself-protectionkeepsthingsinyourthoughtmorethannormally.Don'ttrythistechniquetoooften,though,oryou'llendupalwaysfeelingonedge!17．A.Itenablesustohaveadisgustinglygoodmemory.B.Evenimaginarydangerscansharpenourmemoryskills.C.Weseemtobebornwiththeabilitytorememberroutes.D.It'saninvoluntaryresponsethatyoucanusetoyouradvantage.E.Tosharpenourbrain,wevisualizeeverythingaswhatwehate.F.Thankstothepowerofdisgust,you'llhaveabetterchanceofrememberingthefreshone.G.But,whenyourmemoryneedsaboost,abitofnegativefeelingscanbehealthyforyourrecall.三、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoMaintainGoodMentalHealthMentalhealthisjustasimportantasphysicalhealth,especiallyforstudentswhofaceacademicpressureandsocialchallenges.Herearesomeeffectivestrategiestoboostyourmentalwell-being.TalkaboutyourfeelingKeepingyouremotionsbottledupcanleadtostressandanxiety.18．Whetherit'safriend,familymember,orteacher,sharingyourthoughtscanhelpyoufeelsupportedandunderstood.StayactivePhysicalactivityisnotonlygoodforyourbodybutalsoforyourmind.Exercisereleasesendorphins,whicharenaturalmoodboosters.Regularexercisecanalsoimproveyoursleepqualityandreduceanxiety.19．Getenoughsleep20．It'simportanttoaimfor7—9hoursofsleepeachnight.Trytogotobedandwakeupatthesametimeeverydaytoestablishahealthyroutine.PracticemindfulnessMindfulnessisatechniquethathelpsyoustayfocusedonthepresentmoment.21．Youcantrydeepbreathing,meditation,orsimplypayingattentiontoyoursurroundings.22．Ifyou'restrugglingwithyourmentalhealth,don'thesitatetoreachouttoexpertsortherapists,whoaretrainedtohelpyoudealwithdifficultemotions.Theycanalsoprovideyouwithtoolsandstrategiestomanageyouremotionseffectively.

A.Writeajournaltoexpressfeelings.B.Seekprofessionalhelpwhennecessary.C.Makesuretoeatabalanceddiettokeepyourenergylevelsup.D.Evenashortwalkoraquickworkoutcanmakeabigdifference.E.Thiscanhelpreducestressandimproveyouroverallwell-being.F.Findsomeoneyoutrustandtalktothemabouthowyou'refeeling.G.Lackofsleepcannegativelyaffectyourmoodandabilitytoconcentrate.四、阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。完形填空IwasonvacationinCubaandduringanafternoon,Iwenttoadolphincove(小海湾)whereyoucouldhaveacloselookatdolphinsandevenswimwiththem.Atfirst,myexpectationswerequite23．forthis.I'veneverbeena(n)24．ofcaptive(圈养的)animalssoIdon'tgotothezoo.Therewereabout6cagesunderwatersurroundingthedockwherethe25．wereandwhereyoucouldswimwiththem.Thesecageshadno26．part.Theyroseoutofthe27．aboutafootandhadafairlygoodamountofdepth.Thesedolphinscouldeasilyjumpoverthecages.Asthetourstarted,28．,ourCubanguideoverheardeveryonetalkingaboutthecages.Therefore,hestartedoffthetourby29．theintelligenceofdolphinsandthedeal30．peoplemadewiththem.Notsurehowtheystartedthe31．,butbasicallyitfollowsasthis.Thesedolphinsarecompletely32．.Theyarriveinlandduringacertainpartoftheseasonwhentheyfinditdifficulttofind33．intheseas.Theywill34．andliveinthedolphinparkandgetfedwithreallygoodfood.Whenhurricaneseasonstarts,theygobacktothe35．andstaythereuntiltheseasonchanges.Thedolphinsaretherebytheirownfreewillbecauseit36．them.Iwishedotherfacilitiescouldestablisha37．likethis.23．A．normal B．low C．unrealistic D．positive24．A．observer B．victim C．fan D．owner25．A．dolphins B．fishermen C．tourists D．boats26．A．strong B．top C．flat D．large27．A．roof B．house C．dock D．water28．A．luckily B．amazingly C．obviously D．eventually29．A．explaining B．exploring C．testing D．admiring30．A．local B．primitive C．brave D．tough31．A．research B．experiment C．adventure D．process32．A．reliable B．wild C．stress-free D．self-willed33．A．fun B．land C．help D．food34．A．hide B．hunt C．dive D．perform35．A．island B．ocean C．park D．cage36．A．relaxes B．benefits C．inspires D．cures37．A．standard B．relationship C．program D．regulation五、第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinesecalligraphyart,alsoknownastraditionalChinesecalligraphy,includesawiderangeoftechniquesandstyles.TheuseofChinesebrushwork,which38．(feature)byfluentandexpressivestrokes(笔划),createsaharmoniousbalance39．precisionandartisticfreedom.Chinesecalligraphyartoffers40．lookintotherichculturalheritage(遗产)andartistictraditionsofChina.Itprovidesaplatformforexplorationandexperimentation,41．(enable)calligrapherstopushtheboundariesoftheirskillsandcreateinnovativeworks.ThecomplexityandvastnumberofChinesecharacterspresentendless42．(opportunity)forartisticexpressions,witheachstrokeandcharactershowingadifferentemotionandmeaning."Chinesecalligraphyisnotjustaboutwriting;itisaboutartisticcreation.Throughcalligraphy,Icanexpress43．(I),myemotions,andmythoughts.Itisadeeplypersonalandmeditative(沉思的)processthatallowsmetoconnectwithmyinnerselfandcommunicatewiththeworld,"saidLiMei,aChinesecalligrapher.ThepermanentbeautyofChinesecalligraphyartliesinitsability44．(communicate)bothvisualandemotionaldepth.Witharichhistorylastingthousandsofyears,thisartform45．(continue)toinspireandappealtoartenthusiastsaroundtheworld.Its46．(elegant)andexcellencesurpasstimeandculturalboundaries,makingitavaluedformofartisticexpression47．impressespeoplefromallwalksoflife.六、根据句子内容，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出与句中画线部分意义最接近的选项。48．Fromher____smile,wecanseesheis____withtheresult.A．satisfying;satisfied B．satisfying;satisfyingC．satisfied;satisfied D．satisfied;satisfying49．Iftheticketstothematcharenotavailable,pleasegivemeacall____.A．ingeneral B．inbrief C．inadvance D．inparticular50．Highspeedtrainsareseldomdelayedorcancelledduetoweatherconditions.____,theyhavebecomethefirstchoiceformanypassengers.A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise51．Thenewproductisbeyondallpraiseandhasquicklytakenoverthemarket________itssuperiorquality.A．ontopof B．infavorof C．forfearof D．onaccountof52．Withtwo-monthslifeoncampus,wehavealready____totheroutine.A．admitted B．admired C．adopted D．adapted53．He'soneofthebar's____customers,sohecanenjoythedrinksatadiscount.A．regular B．normal C．official D．extraordinary54．Theteacherencouragedthestudentstothinkoutsidetheboxandcomeupwith____solutionstotheproblem.A．traditional B．professional C．creative D．negative55．Followinginthefootstepsofhisteacherallthoseyearsago,Mr.Wanghasnow________hisskillstothenewmembers.A．passedby B．takenon C．passedon D．takenup56．Intheessay,thestudentdiscussedtheimportanceofculturaldiversityandhowitshouldbe____andcelebratedinmodernsociety.A．debated B．ignored C．applied D．recognized57．TheDragonBoatFestivalis____onthefifthofMayoftheLunarCalendar.A．admired B．confirmed C．accepted D．observed七、根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，用单词的恰当形式填空，并把完整单词填写在答题卷相应的位置上。58．Iwouldliketoexpressmydeepest(同情)forthevictimsofthewar.59．InJapan,someonewho(目睹)anotherpersonethegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.60．Thestudentsshouldbeabletofinishthesework（独立地）.61．Weshouldr(辨认出)differencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglish.(根据中英文提示填空)62．Weproudlypresenta(选择)offilmswithdifferentthemesinordertopleaseeveryvirtualrealitylover.63．Studentsneedto(注册)attheschoolofficebeforeenteringthecampus.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)64．Readersarefreetomake(评论)onthenewly-publishedbook.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)65．Hethoughtforamomentandfoundthattherewasasimplestothisproblem.(根据首字母单词拼写)66．LiHua(辞职)fromthecompanyinordertogoabroadforfurtherstudy.67．Herfriendbrokeherfavouriteglass,soshefeltverya(生气).(根据中英文提示填空)八、将下列句子翻译成合适的英语。68．汤姆旷课的原因是他病了。Thereasonwasthathewasill.69．说到电影，我喜欢看喜剧片多于看恐怖片。Whenitcomestomovies,Iwatchingcomedieswatchinghorrorfilms.70．西班牙什么时候控制秘鲁的？WhenSpainPeru？71．现在我终于回到家了，感到十分疲倦，但是和我的朋友一起欢度端午节是完全值得的。(v.-ing作主语)(话题写作之文化)I'mfinallybackhomenow,feelingreallytired，butwastotallyworthit.72．Heunfortunately(逝世了)lastyearbecauseofseriousdisease.(根据汉语提示完成句子)九、第二节应用文写作（满分25分）73．假如你是21世纪英文报编辑李华，最近收到广东省某中学高一新生王伟的来信，信中提到目前学习英语遇到困难，想请你就高中阶段怎样学好英语给出一些建议。你打算给王伟写封回信，内容包括：1.问候安慰；2.提出建议；3.期待进步。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearWangWei,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．D3．B4．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者出生于委内瑞拉，在该国首都发生地震的前一年出生，这让作者认为自己与地震相关工作有某种命运联系。作者通过自身经历深刻认识到预防的重要性。作者还参与相关项目，致力于构建预防和抗灾框架。【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。1．细节理解题。根据文第一段"Asthefirstgirlinmyfamily,IwasborninVenezuela,twelvemonthstothedaybeforeoneofthebiggestearthquakesinthecountry'shistorystruckthecapitalcityCaracasin1967.I'vealwaysseenthisasasignofmydestiny.(作为家中的长女，我出生在委内瑞拉。1967年，该国历史上最严重的地震之一袭击了首都加拉加斯，而我在地震发生前整12个月出生。我一直将此视为命运的一种昭示)"以及最后一段"IhavespentthepasttwoyearsworkingontheBuiltEnvironmentinLatinAmericaandtheCaribbeanProject...Thisprojectfitsperfectlywithmyprofessionalandpersonalgoals,asitcombinesmypassionandexperienceinriskreduction.(在过去的两年里，我一直在从事拉丁美洲和加勒比地区建筑环境项目……这个项目与我的职业和个人目标完美契合，因为它结合了我在降低风险方面的热情和经验)"可知，作者将从事与地震相关的工作视为自己的命运。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据第三段"Ithadresistedthequakebecauseitfollowedthecountry'sbuildingcodes.(它能抵御地震是因为它遵循了该国的建筑规范)"以及第四段"Thisexperiencehasonlystrengthenedmybeliefinthevalueofpreventioninmitigatingtheimpactofdisasters.(这次经历进一步坚定了我对预防在减轻灾害影响方面价值的信念)"可知，第三段提到的地震给作者留下深刻印象是因为她认识到了预防的重要性。故选D。3．词义猜测题。根据第三段"Ithadresistedthequakebecauseitfollowedthecountry'sbuildingcodes.(它能抵御地震是因为它遵循了该国的建筑规范)"和第四段"Thisexperiencehasonlystrengthenedmybeliefinthevalueofpreventioninmitigatingtheimpactofdisasters.(这次经历进一步坚定了我对预防在……灾害影响方面价值的信念)"并结合前文提到建筑遵循规范抵御地震，可知预防是为了"减轻"灾害影响。故选B。4．推理判断题。根据最后一段"LikethethirdlittlepiginthetaleofThreeLittlePigs,whoputsresilience(韧性)aboveconveniencewhilebuildinghishousefrombricks,I'mcommittedtobuildingaframeworkofpreventionandresilience,asIknowthatearlyactiontodaycanpreventproblemstomorrow.(就像《三只小猪》故事里的第三只小猪，用砖头盖房子时把韧性置于便利之上，我致力于构建一个预防和具备韧性的框架，因为我知道今日尽早行动，明日便可防患于未然)"可知，《三只小猪》的故事暗示通过像第三只小猪一样注重韧性（预防措施），灾害造成的损害是可以避免的。故选C。【答案】5．B6．B7．A8．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家长期以来认为雷击对树木只有负面影响，但最新研究发现，中美洲和南美洲的本土巨树——油蜡豆树（almendro）不仅能耐受雷击，甚至可能从中受益。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。

5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"Scientistshavelongbelievedthatbeinghitbylightningcouldhaveonlynegativeeffectsontrees.‘Yourbest-casescenario(设想)isthatyou'rekindofokay,andyourworst-casescenariois:youexplodeinamillionbits,'saysEvanGora,aforestecologistattheCaryInstituteofEcosystemStudiesinNewYorkState."科学家们长期以来一直认为，被闪电击中只会对树木产生负面影响。纽约州卡里生态系统研究所的森林生态学家EvanGora说："最好的情况是，你基本没事，而最坏的情况是，你会被炸得粉碎。"可知，作者引用EvanGora的话是为了支持一个观点，即长期以来科学家认为雷击对树木只有负面影响。故选B。6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Tofindout,heandhiscolleaguesspentseveralyearsfollowingthefateof93treesfromvariousspeciesintherainforestofcentralPanamawhentheyweredirectlystruckbylightning."为了找到答案，他和他的同事们花了几年时间追踪巴拿马中部热带雨林中93棵不同种类的树木在直接被闪电击中后的命运。可知，通过长时间追踪被雷击的树木，研究人员研究雷击对树木的影响。故选B。7．细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Theresearchersalsoassumethatthealmendromighthaveevolvedtoattractlightning—oratleastnottoavoidit,asmostothertreeshave."研究人员还假设，油蜡豆树可能已经进化到吸引闪电——或者至少不像大多数其他树木那样避免闪电。可知，油蜡豆树有可能吸引闪电。故选A。8．标题归纳题。根据第一段中的"Butforatleastonetropicaltreespecies,thismightbeagoodthing."但对于至少一种热带树种来说，这可能是一件好事；以及全文内容可知，本文探讨的是某些树种是否可能从雷击中获得益处，"树种能从闪电中受益吗？"概括文章主旨，适合作本文标题。故选C。【答案】9．B10．B11．D12．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了加拿大魁北克省萨格奈的Marguerite-d'YouvilleElementarySchool经Lab-École项目改造后，成为激发孩子上学热情的创新型学习环境典范，虽项目无扩展计划，但已成功引发人们对学校新模式的思考。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。

9．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Theypersuadedtheneducationministertokickin$3milliontocreateLab-École,anon-profitaimedatdevelopinglearningenvironmentsthatwouldmakechildrenexcitedtogotoschool."他们说服当时的教育部长出资300万美元创建Lab-École，这是一个旨在开发学习环境的非营利组织，让孩子们对上学感到兴奋。可知，成立非营利组织Lab-École是为了让学校对学生有吸引力。故选B。10．推理判断题。根据第三段中的"WhenIwalkedintothefirstwingoftheschool,ithousesofficesandkindergartenclassrooms,whilethesecond,centralwinghasacookinglabandmulti-purposecreativelab,alongwithacommunitylearningcenterthatdoublesasalibraryandgatheringspace.Inthethirdwing,theschool's12elementaryclassroomsarespreadoutbetweenthreehomeycottage-likestructures.Outside,theyardissurroundedbytheU-shapedmainbuilding,protectingtheareafromhighwindsandotherwildweather.There'sanoutdoorclassroom,asportscircuitandlotsofclimbableplaystructuresmadewithrepurposedwoodfromoldbuildings."当我走进学校的第一个侧翼时，它容纳了办公室和幼儿园教室，而第二个侧翼，中央有一个烹饪实验室和多功能创意实验室，以及一个社区学习中心，兼作图书馆和聚会空间。在第三翼，学校的12个小学教室分布在三个像家一样的小屋之间。在室外，庭院被U形的主体建筑包围，保护该区域免受强风和其他恶劣天气的影响。这里有一间户外教室、一条运动赛道和许多可攀爬的游戏结构，这些结构是用旧建筑的木材改造而成的。可知，作者打算在第3段中解释升级后的学校的设计。故选B。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"AfterdoorsopenedinAugustof2023,thestructurereceivedgoodreviewsfromits290pupils,includingmeandthepublic,whomakeregularuseofitsparkandkitchen."2023年8月学校开门后，这座建筑得到了包括我在内的290名学生以及公众的好评，他们经常使用学校的公园和厨房。可推知，学校的改造受到了公众的欢迎。故选D。12．标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了魁北克的教育倡导者成立非营利组织Lab-École，受丹麦、芬兰和日本小学的启发，对包括Marguerite-d'YouvilleElementarySchool在内的学校进行改造，打造出让孩子们兴奋上学的学习环境，并获得了学生和公众好评的故事。"Lab-École：创新加拿大学校设计"全面概括主题，适合作为本文标题。故选A。【答案】13．C；14．B；15．D；16．F；17．G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕人类的记忆系统展开，解释了记忆系统如何受到生存本能的驱动，以及如何利用这种本能来提高记忆能力。备选项的中文意思：

A.它能让我们拥有好得离谱的记忆力。

B.即使是想象中的危险也能提升我们的记忆能力。

C.我们似乎生来就具备记住路线的能力。

D.这是一种无意识的反应，你可以利用它为自己谋利。

E.为了让大脑更敏锐，我们把一切事物都想象成自己讨厌的东西。

F.多亏了厌恶情绪的力量，你更有可能记住新事物。

G.但是，当你需要增强记忆力时，一点负面情绪对你的回忆能力是有益的。【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题技巧如下：1.看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2.首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3.精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4.看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5.解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though,however等。6.做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。13．根据下文"Therefore,wecannavigateourlocalenvironmentssafely.(因此，我们能够安全地在我们当地的环境中辨别方向。)"推知，空处指出我们可以辨别方向的原因。选项C"Weseemtobebornwiththeabilitytorememberroutes.(我们似乎生来就具备记住路线的能力。)"指出我们天生有记住路线的能力，所以我们能安全辨别方向，符合逻辑。故选C。14．根据上文"Andwe'reexcellentatrememberingthingsthatmightputourwell-beingatrisk.Arecentresearchshowedthatwe'reremarkablyaccurateatrecallinganythingconnectedwithinfection.(而且我们非常擅长记住那些可能会危及我们自身健康的事物。最近的一项研究表明，我们在回忆任何与感染有关的事物时都极其准确。)"可知，我们在回忆任何与感染有关的事物时都极其准确。选项B"Evenimaginarydangerscansharpenourmemoryskills.(即使是想象中的危险也能提升我们的记忆能力。)"延续上文内容，指出哪怕危险是想象出来的，也能提高我们的记忆能力。故选B。15．根据上文"Noneofthevolunteerswouldeverhavetotouchthosethingsthemselves.Buttheirmindsstillprioritizedthem,lockingintheinformationforlater—justincaseitcouldkeepthemsafe.(实际上，没有一个志愿者需要亲自去触碰那些物品。但他们的大脑仍然优先处理与这些物品相关的信息，将这些信息储存起来以备日后之需——万一这些信息能保障他们的安全呢。)"可知，大脑会将这些物品的相关信息自动存储起来。选项D"It'sa