阅读理解期中必刷20篇（解析版）

2/2考题猜想02阅读理解期中必刷20篇（一）（2024·江西景德镇·统考一模）Itturnsoutourplantsarejustlikeusinsomeways.Weturntomedicinestorelieveaminorfluorheadache,andplantstoohavetheirwaysofself-medicating.Theyprotectthemselvesfromenvironmentalhazardslikeinsects,droughtandheatbyproducingsalicylicacid(水杨酸).Itisresponsiblefortheanti-inflammatoryactionofaspirin,adrugwhichhasbeenusedbyhumansforcenturiestocounterpainandinflammation.Researchershavefoundthatplants’salicylicacid,whichisproducedinchloroplasts(叶绿体),isusuallygeneratedinresponsetothestresscausedbyclimatechange.“It’slikeplantsuseapainkillerforachesandpains,justlikewedo,”saidplantbiologistWilhelminavandevenfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,River-side(U.C．R)“We’dliketobeabletousethefindingtoimprovecropresistance(作物抗性),”saidU.C．R.plantgeneticistJin-ZhengWang.“Thatwillbecrucialforthefoodsupplyinourincreasinglyhot,brightworld.”HumanskinproducesROS(Reactiveoxygenspecies)(活性氧)intheabsenceofsunscreen.Thiscausesfrecklesandburns.Similarly,environmentalstressesresultintheformationofROSinplantswhich,athighlevels,cancausedeath.Atlowlevels,however,ROSservesanessentialfunctioninplantcells.“ROSisadouble-edgedsword,”saidWang.“Atnon-lethallevels,ROSarelikeanemergencycalltoaction,enablingtheproductionofprotectivehormones(激素)suchassalicylicacid.”Theacidthenactstoprotecttheplants’chloroplasts,knowntobethesiteofphotosynthesis.“Withclimatechange,thingslikesalicylicacid:

helpingplantsstanduptostresseshavebecomemorecommon.So,beingabletoincreaseplants’abilitytoproduceitrepresentsastepforwardinchallengingtheimpactsofclimatechangeoneverydaylife,”saidKatayoonDehesh,UCRprofessorofmolecularbiochemistry.“Thoseimpactsgobeyondourfood.Plantsbeingintroubleareasignofwhatthefutureholdsforus,”

shecontinued.“Plantscleanourairbyremovingthecarbondioxidefromitwhilealsoofferingusshade,andprovidinghabitatsfornumerousanimals.Forhumankind,

thebenefitsofboostingplants’abilitytosurvivearebecomingincreasinglyessential.”1．Whatisthemainfunctionofsalicylicacidinplants?A．Tosecureplants. B．Toproducechloroplasts.C．Torelievepainandinflammation. D．Togeneratehormones.2．WhatisthemaincauseofROSformationinplants?A．Lackofsunscreen. B．Chloroplasticacid.C．Environmentalstresses. D．UseofPhotosynthesis.3．WhatisthemaingoaloftheresearchersatUCR?A．Toexplorethehistoryandsignificanceofaspirininhumanmedicine.B．Toinventadevicethatcanmakeplantsdoself-medicating.C．Tocomparethedifferencesbetweenplantsandhumansinself-medicating.D．Toimprovecropresistancebyincreasingplants’abilitytoproducesalicylicacid.4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Plantscanbeimprovedtoresistenvironmentalhazards.B．Plantsproducetheirownaspirintocopewithstress.C．Plantsandhumanssharesomecommonfeaturesandneeds.D．Plantscontributetothewell-beingofhumansandanimals.【答案】1．A2．C3．D4．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是植物通过产生水杨酸来保护自己免受昆虫、干旱和高温等环境危害。1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Theyprotectthemselvesfromenvironmentalhazardslikeinsects,droughtandheatbyproducingsalicylicacid(水杨酸).(它们通过产生水杨酸来保护自己免受昆虫、干旱和高温等环境危害。)”可知，水杨酸在植物中的主要作用是保护植物，故选A。2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Similarly,environmentalstressesresultintheformationofROSinplantswhich,athighlevels,cancausedeath.(同样，环境压力会导致植物体内ROS的形成，而这种ROS在高水平时可能导致死亡。)”可知，植物中ROS形成的主要原因是环境压力。故选C。3．推理判断题。根据第三段““We’dliketobeabletousethefindingtoimprovecropresistance(作物抗性),”saidU.C.R.plantgeneticistJin-ZhengWang.(“我们希望能够利用这一发现来提高作物的抗性，”加州大学洛杉矶分校植物遗传学家Jin-ZhengWang说。)”和倒数第二段“Withclimatechange,thingslikesalicylicacid:helpingplantsstanduptostresseshavebecomemorecommon.So,beingabletoincreaseplants’abilitytoproduceitrepresentsastepforwardinchallengingtheimpactsofclimatechangeoneverydaylife(随着气候变化，像水杨酸这样帮助植物抵抗压力的物质变得越来越普遍。因此，能够提高植物生产它的能力，代表着在挑战气候变化对日常生活的影响方面迈出了一步)”可知，UCR研究人员的主要目标是通过增加植物产生水杨酸的能力来提高作物的抗性，故选D。4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Theyprotectthemselvesfromenvironmentalhazardslikeinsects,droughtandheatbyproducingsalicylicacid(水杨酸).Itisresponsiblefortheanti-inflammatoryactionofaspirin,adrugwhichhasbeenusedbyhumansforcenturiestocounterpainandinflammation.(它们通过产生水杨酸来保护自己免受昆虫、干旱和高温等环境危害。它负责阿司匹林的抗炎作用，阿司匹林是一种被人类使用了几个世纪的药物，用于对抗疼痛和炎症。)”和第二段“Researchershavefoundthatplants’salicylicacid,whichisproducedinchloroplasts(叶绿体),isusuallygeneratedinresponsetothestresscausedbyclimatechange.(研究人员发现，植物叶绿体中产生的水杨酸通常是在应对气候变化造成的压力时产生的。)”可知，本文主要讲的是植物通过产生水杨酸来保护自己免受昆虫、干旱和高温等环境危害，因此主旨大意是B选项“Plantsproducetheirownaspirintocopewithstress.(植物会分泌自己阿司匹林来应对压力)”。故选B。（二）（2024·江西萍乡·萍乡中学校考一模）Imagineyou’reoutforaneveningstrollinaforeigncity,lookingtofindarestaurantfordinner.Ifyou’relikemostpeople,youwilllookforthebusiestrestaurantwiththemostdinersbecauseitspopularityisboundtoreflectonthequalityoffoodandservice.Butisthistrue?Naturallycopyingotherpeople’sthoughtsorchoicesorsimplygoingwiththecrowdisoftenreferredtoas“herdbehaviour”.Itisafrequentoccurrenceamonghumansaswellasmanyotheranimals,acommonexamplebeingsheep.Herdingcanappeartomakealotofsense.Afterall,there’s“safetyinnumbers”.Psychologyresearchsuggeststhatthephenomenonreliesontheexistenceofsocialconnectionsorpatternsbetweenindividualsaswellasspecificmechanismsofpassingoninformation.Akeyprerequisite(前提)isthehumanabilityto“mentalise”,whichmeansbeingabletoreadandinterpretsomeoneelse’smentalstateandusingtheinformationtoexplaintheirchoices.Contrarytotheso-called“wisdomofcrowds”,whichemergeswhenthejudgementofindividualgroupmembersareindependentlycollectedtoproduceanaverageopinion,herdbehaviortypicallyrelyonso-called“informationcascades(信息瀑布)”,wherepeopletakeonothers’beliefsorcopytheirchoiceswithoutcriticallyassessingtheunderlyingreasons.Thisfrequentlyleadstotheimitationofirrational(不理性的)orsimplystupidbehaviors.Consequently,herdingcanhavemanyundesirableoutcomes,includingunfavorableinfluencesonconsumerchoices, likeintherestaurantexampleabove.However,itseemsthereisnoquickandeasyfixtoresistthelureofherdbehaviour.Instead,long-termattitudechangesmaybenecessary,whichcouldinvolveindividualsadoptingmorecriticalapproachestowardstheirpeers’opinion,andquestioningothers’behaviorasopposedtoblindlyfollowingthem.1．Whichofthefollowingcanbecalled“herdbehaviour”?A．Choosingthemostcrowdedrestauranttodinein.B．Askingfriendsforsuggestionswheninconfusion.C．Runningoutimmediatelywhenthefirebellrings.D．Analyzingaproductcarefullybeforebuyingit.2．Animportantconditionforherdbehaviourliesin_______.A．explaininglifepatternsB．understandingsocialconnectionsC．comprehendingothers’mentalstateD．sharinginformationamongindividuals3．Whatleadstotheherdbehaviour?A．Wisdomofcrowds. B．Uncertainoutcomes.C．Lackofrationalanalyses. D．Enoughindividualopinions.4．Howcanpeopleavoidthetheherdbehaviour?A．Neverfollowthetrend. B．Keepaquestioningmind.C．Saynotoanypopularevents. D．Standoppositeagainstthepublic.【答案】1．A2．C3．C4．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了跟随他人行为的问题，包括在选择餐馆时随意跟随人群的不良影响并解释了“羊群行为”的概念。文章强调了跟随他人行为的危险性，因为这种行为往往不需要批判性思考，可能会导致模仿不合理或愚蠢的行为。因此建议要谨慎对待跟随他人行为，并要保持批判性思维。1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Naturallycopyingotherpeople’sthoughtsorchoicesorsimplygoingwiththecrowdisoftenreferredtoas“herdbehaviour”.(自然地模仿他人的想法或选择或随大流通常被称为“从众行为”)”可知，选择最拥挤的餐厅用餐被称为“羊群行为”。故选A。2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Akeyprerequisite(前提)isthehumanabilityto“mentalise”,whichmeansbeingabletoreadandinterpretsomeoneelse’smentalstateandusingtheinformationtoexplaintheirchoices.(一个关键的先决条件是人类“心理化”的能力，这意味着能够阅读和解读他人的心理状态，并利用这些信息来解释他们的选择)”可知，“羊群行为”的一个重要条件是理解他人的心理状态。故选C。3．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Contrarytotheso-called“wisdomofcrowds”,whichemergeswhenthejudgementofindividualgroupmembersareindependentlycollectedtoproduceanaverageopinion,herdbehaviortypicallyrelyonso-called“informationcascades(信息瀑布)”,wherepeopletakeonothers’beliefsorcopytheirchoiceswithoutcriticallyassessingtheunderlyingreasons.Thisfrequentlyleadstotheimitationofirrational(不理性的)orsimplystupidbehaviors.(与所谓的“群体智慧”相反，当个体群体成员的判断被独立收集以产生平均意见时，“羊群行为”通常依赖于所谓的“信息瀑布”，人们在没有批判性地评估潜在原因的情况下接受他人的信念或复制他们的选择。这经常导致模仿不合理的行为或愚蠢的行为。)”可知，缺乏理性的分析导致了“羊群行为”。故选C。4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“However,itseemsthereisnoquickandeasyfixtoresistthelureofherdbehaviour.Instead,long-termattitudechangesmaybenecessary,whichcouldinvolveindividualsadoptingmorecriticalapproachestowardstheirpeers’opinion,andquestioningothers’behaviorasopposedtoblindlyfollowingthem.(然而，似乎没有快速和简单的解决办法来抵制群体行为的诱惑。相反，长期的态度改变可能是必要的，这可能涉及个人对同龄人的观点采取更批判的态度，质疑他人的行为，而不是盲目地追随他们)”可知，保持质疑的心态可以避免从众行为。故选B。（三）（2024·吉林长春·统考一模）It’saraceagainsttime,asgenerationsofculturalheritageconservatorsattheDunhuangAcademymakeagreatefforttoprotecttheartisticcharmoftheMogaoCaves,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,despiteerosion(侵蚀)bysandandwind.Theteamisdedicatedtoprotectingthe45,000squaremetersofmurals(壁画)andmorethan2,400paintedsculpturesofthe735cavesofthesite,theconstructionofwhichspansaboutathousandyears,fromthe4thcenturytothe14thcentury.TheculturalrelicsaretheproductoftheculturalexchangesthattookplaceovercenturiesontheancientSilkRoad.“Ourwork,repairingmuralsandpaintedsculptures,istobetterpreservethecaves,whichpromotesthegreatDunhuangspiritofinclusivenesstotheworldandinspiresmodernpeople,”saysSuBomin,directoroftheDunhuangAcademy.Commonlyseen

“diseases”affectingthemuralsincludecrackingandflaking(剥落),aswellaserosionthatiscausedbychangesintemperatureandhumidityofthecaves,andthedepositionofsalts.Torestoreamuralrequiresanall-rounder.Restorersshouldknowpainting,mastertheskillsofamasonandhavesomeknowledgeofchemistryandphysics,tobeabletorecognizetheproblemsandtheircorrespondingcausesanddeliverasolution.Theymustalsoselectpropermaterialsandtools,andconductexperiments,beforeformallycarryingouttherestorationandevaluatingtheeffectafterward.Therestorationshouldrespecttheoriginalworkandaimtomaintainthestatusquoofthemuralsratherthanrepaintingthem.Whentherestorersfindsomepartsofmuralsmissingorfadingaway,theyneverrepaintthemtocreatea“perfect”appearanceinrestoration.

“Culturalrelicsarewitnessesofhistory,”explainsSu.“Whenyoupursuetheso-calledintact(完好无损的)lookforartisticreasons,youwilllosetheirkeymeaning.”Caveconservationisaboutcontinuouslysolvingproblems.“Itneedsalong-termresearchtobetterpreservethecaves,overamuchwidertimespanthatgoesbeyondourlifetimes,”Susays.Butatleast,theycankeeptheexistinglookofthemuralsforaslongaspossible.1．Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph2?A．ToshowthepopularityofDunhuangmurals.B．ToexplainthehistoryoftheancientSilkRoad.C．Tostressthesignificanceoftherestorationwork.D．Topresentthewaysofprotectingculturalheritage.2．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherestorationwork?A．Creative. B．Well-paid.C．Interesting. D．Demanding.3．Whatshouldrestoringmuralsfocusonaccordingtoparagraph4?A．Spottingthefadedmuralsintime.B．Fixingthemissingpartsofmurals.C．Makingpreservationofthemuralsastheyare.D．Repaintingtoperfecttheappearanceofmurals.4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheArtisticCharmofMuralPaintings.B．TheMuralRestorationintheMogaoCaves.C．TheSuccessfulExperimentonCaveConservation.D．TheRoleoftheDunhuangSpiritinChineseCulture.【答案】1．C2．D3．C4．B【导语】文章是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了莫高窟壁画的修复工作。1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“TheculturalrelicsaretheproductoftheculturalexchangesthattookplaceovercenturiesontheancientSilkRoad.“Ourwork,repairingmuralsandpaintedsculptures,istobetterpreservethecaves,whichpromotesthegreatDunhuangspiritofinclusivenesstotheworldandinspiresmodernpeople(这些文物是几个世纪以来古丝绸之路上文化交流的产物。我们的工作，修复壁画和彩雕，是为了更好地保护洞穴，这是一个伟大的敦煌，它向世界展示了伟大的敦煌精神，并激励了现代人。)”可知，修复壁画和彩雕是为了更好地保护洞穴，它向世界展示了伟大的敦煌精神，并激励了现代人。可知，本段主要强调修复工作的重要性。故选C。2．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Torestoreamuralrequiresanall-rounder.Restorersshouldknowpainting,mastertheskillsofamasonandhavesomeknowledgeofchemistryandphysics,tobeabletorecognizetheproblemsandtheircorrespondingcausesanddeliverasolution.Theymustalsoselectpropermaterialsandtools,andconductexperiments,beforeformallycarryingouttherestorationandevaluatingtheeffectafterward.(修复壁画需要一个多面手。修复人员应该懂得绘画，掌握泥瓦匠的技能，并具备一定的化学和物理知识，能够识别问题及其相应的原因，并提供解决方案。他们还必须选择合适的材料和工具，并进行实验，然后才正式进行修复和评估效果。)”可知，修复工作对修复人员的要求是非常高的。故选D。3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Therestorationshouldrespecttheoriginalworkandaimtomaintainthestatusquoofthemuralsratherthanrepaintingthem.(修复工作应尊重原作，以保持壁画的现状为目标，而不是重新绘制壁画)”可知，修复工作应注重保护壁画的原貌。故选C。4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“It’saraceagainsttime,asgenerationsofculturalheritageconservatorsattheDunhuangAcademymakeagreatefforttoprotecttheartisticcharmoftheMogaoCaves,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,despiteerosion(侵蚀)bysandandwind.(这是一场与时间的赛跑，尽管受到风沙的侵蚀，敦煌研究院的几代文化遗产保护人员仍在努力保护莫高窟的艺术魅力。莫高窟被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。)”以及后文对修复工作的目的，要求等的介绍可知，文章主要讲述的是莫高窟壁画修复工作。故选B。（四）（2024·吉林长春·统考一模）Forallofhumanhistory,eatingmeathasmeantkillinganimals.Butscientistsbehindlab-grownmeatsaythat’snolongernecessary.Theyproducemeatbygrowingcellsobtainedfromananimal’sbody.Lab-grownmeat,alsocalled“cell-cultivated”or“cultured”meat,ismadebyfeedingamixofnutrientstoanimalcellsinsteeltanksinlabs.Theideaistocreateanalternativetoagriculturallyraisedmeat.Andunlikeothermeatsubstituteswhicharemadefromplantproteinsandotheringredients,lab-grownmeatisrealmeat.Whenready,themeatisformedintoshapessuchassausagesornuggets(块),andlooks,smellsandtasteslikeanyothergrocerystoreversion,Recently,theU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)hasgiventwocompaniesapprovaltoselllab-grownchicken.Theapprovallaunchesaneweraofmeatproductionaimedateliminatingharmtoanimals,andreducingtheenvironmentalimpactsofgrazing(放牧)andgrowingfeedforanimals.Scientistswarnthatthetypicalwaymeatisproducednow,inconcentratedanimalfeedingoperations,isariskfactorfortheemergenceofdiseases.Lab-grownmeatismoresustainableandcanbeproducedwithoutantibiotics,andwithoutproducinggreenhousegasemissionslinkedtoanimalagriculture.“Everythingweknowabouthowmeatcanbemadeisgoingtochange.Butdon’texpecttoseecultivatedmeatingrocerystoresjustyet,”saidUmaValeti,CEOofUPSIDEFoods.Lab-grownchickenismuchmoreexpensive,becauseitcannotyetbeproducedonthescaleoftraditionalmeat.“Tomakecultivatedmeat,energyuseneedsarehigh,”saidBruceFriedrich,presidentandfounderoftheGoodFoodInstitute,anonprofitgroupthatpromotesalternativeproteins.However,thedisadvantageofhighenergyneedswillbeoffsetbythereductioninlandandwateruseandotherbenefits.Ifculturedmeatisproducedonalargescale,itcouldalsoofferasolutiontofeedingtheworld’sgrowingpopulation.1．Whatdoweknowaboutlab-grownmeat?A．Itisabundantinplantproteins.B．Itcanbeboughtingrocerystores.C．Itisgeneratedfromanimals’cells.D．Ittastesmoredeliciousthantraditionalmeat.2．Whatisthepotentialbenefitoflab-grownmeat?A．Highersafetyforeating.B．Lowercostsforrestaurants.C．Improvementsintraditionalagriculture.D．Positiveimpactsonclimatechangeandanimals.3．Whatproblemdoestheauthormentioninparagraph4?A．Itishardtoproducelab-grownmeatinquantity.B．TheUSDAdoesn’tapprovethesaleoflab-grownmeat.C．Manypeopleraisedoubtsaboutthesafetyoflab-grownmeat.D．Lab-grownmeatcandisturbcompetitioninthemeatindustry.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offset”

inthelastparagraphmean?A．Balanced. B．Satisfied. C．Increased. D．Exchanged.【答案】1．C2．D3．A4．A【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了实验室培育的肉所带来的益处和问题。1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Lab-grownmeat,alsocalled“cell-cultivated”or“cultured”meat,ismadebyfeedingamixofnutrientstoanimalcellsinsteeltanksinlabs.(实验室培育的肉，也称为“细胞培养”或“培养”肉，是通过在实验室的钢罐中向动物细胞喂食混合营养物质制成的)”可知，实验室培育的肉是从动物细胞中培养出来的。故选C项。2．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“Lab-grownmeatismoresustainableandcanbeproducedwithoutantibiotics,andwithoutproducinggreenhousegasemissionslinkedtoanimalagriculture.(实验室培育的肉类更具可持续性，可以在不使用抗生素的情况下生产，也不会产生与畜牧业相关的温室气体排放)”可知，人造肉潜在的益处在于其能对气候变化产生积极影响。故选D项。3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Lab-grownchickenismuchmoreexpensive,becauseitcannotyetbeproducedonthescaleoftraditionalmeat.(实验室培育的鸡肉要贵得多，因为它还不能像传统肉类那样生产)”可知，很难大规模生产实验室培育的肉类。故选A项。4．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Tomakecultivatedmeat,energyuseneedsarehigh(为了制造人造肉，能源消耗需求很高)”以及下文“bythereductioninlandandwateruseandotherbenefits(减少土地和水的使用以及其他利益)”可知，这些高能源需求将被减少土地和水的使用以及其他利益所抵消。由此推知，划线词的意思是“抵消”。故选A项。（五）（2024·黑龙江佳木斯·佳木斯一中校考模拟预测）Iwascuttinguplettuce(生菜)inthekitchenwhenIsuddenlyrememberedwatchingavideoaboutputtingthelettucestub(残余部分)inwatertogrowawholenewvegetable.SoItookoutawide-mouthedmug(大杯)andplacedthestubintoit,gaveitalittlewater,andplaceditbythewindow.Onasnowymorning,Inoticedthefirstsign.Afirstsmallleaffromitsheartspreadout.Atinygreenflagofhope.Beaten,butnotdefeated.Withindays,itwasimpossibletoseethecutswhereIhadremovedtheleaves.Thegrowthwasexplosive.AndwhenIliftedtheblossomingheadoutofthemug,tinyrootthreadsfelldown,seekingfortheearth.Whatisgrowinghere?Lettuceorhope?IfIwerealettuceinasimilarcondition,I’dwanttodoubtfullyassesswhereIfoundmyselfbeforebeingdevotedtofullgrowth.Yetforthislettuce,myinadequateofferingofwaterandaplacebyawindowwasenoughforittodecidetoreclaimitselfagain.Itgrewinamugofwater,infaith.Thisistheheartofthislettuce:alive,strongandfearless.Itdeservedaname.IdecidedtocallitMonty.Montywantedtogrow,aswealldo.IthinkIgavehimalittleloveandfreedom.Thosetwoingredientswereallheneededtoreturntohimself.Iseejoyinthislettuce.Thereturntoselfisalwaysanexpressionofjoy,whichislifeitself.Withtherightingredients,thisisthetendencyofalllivingthings.Montystilllivesinamug,butI’mgoingtotransplanthimoutside.Hedeservestobecomehisfullself.TheonlyproblemIseenowismycapacitytosupportMonty.IhopeIhaveenoughofagreenfinger.I’msurprisedtofindmyselfwhereIam.MaybeMontyis,too.Ihavethesamechoiceashedoes:giveinanddecay(腐烂),orstartagain.Theprospectofstartingagainisdiscouraging.Butmylettuce-friend,Monty,leadstheway.Icanonlyhopetobeasbrave.1．Whydidtheauthorputthestubinwater?A．Tohopethatitwouldgrow. B．Todecoratethenicemug.C．Toconductanexperiment. D．Toremovehisbadmood.2．Whatisthefirstsignoflifeintheauthor’seyes?A．Theremainingstub. B．Thesmallleaf.C．Thedisappearingcuts. D．Thetinyrootthreads.3．Howwouldtheauthorfeelifinthelettuce’ssituation?A．Hesitant. B．Fearless. C．Confident. D．Annoyed.4．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleofthepassage?A．Enjoyyourownlifetothefullest. B．Believeinyourselfwhenintrouble.C．Neverbeafraidtorestartyourself. D．Givefreedomtotheheartinaway.【答案】1．A2．B3．A4．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者将生菜残余部分放入水中生长，展现出生命力的故事，并表达了作者希望自己能够像它一样勇敢地面对生活的选择。1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Iwascuttinguplettuce(生菜)inthekitchenwhenIsuddenlyrememberedwatchingavideoaboutputtingthelettucestub(残余部分)inwatertogrowawholenewvegetable.SoItookoutawide-mouthedmug(大杯)andplacedthestubintoit,gaveitalittlewater,andplaceditbythewindow.(我正在厨房切生菜，突然想起看过一段视频，讲的是把生菜残余部分放在水里长出一棵新的生菜。于是我拿出一个宽口马克杯，把残余部分放进去，加了一点水，放在窗边。)”可知，作者把生菜残余部分放进杯子里是希望它能长出一棵新的生菜。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Onasnowymorning,Inoticedthefirstsign.Afirstsmallleaffromitsheartspreadout.Atinygreenflagofhope.(在一个下雪的早晨，我注意到了第一个迹象。第一片小叶子从它的中心伸出来。)”可知，作者眼里的生命的第一个迹象是一片小叶子。故选B。3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“IfIwerealettuceinasimilarcondition,I’dwanttodoubtfullyassesswhereIfoundmyselfbeforebeingdevotedtofullgrowth.(如果我是一棵处于类似状况的生菜，我会在全身心投入到全面成长之前，怀疑地评估一下自己的位置。)”可知，作者如果是一棵处于类似状况的生菜，作者会怀疑自己的状况，会感到犹豫。故选A。4．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“I’msurprisedtofindmyselfwhereIam.MaybeMontyis,too.Ihavethesamechoiceashedoes:giveinanddecay(腐烂),orstartagain.Theprospectofstartingagainisdiscouraging.Butmylettuce-friend,Monty,leadstheway.Icanonlyhopetobeasbrave.(我很惊讶地发现自己在这里。也许Monty也是。我和他有同样的选择：要么屈服，要么腐烂，要么重新开始。重新开始的前景令人沮丧。但是我的生菜朋友Monty在前面带路。我只希望能像你一样勇敢。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者将生菜残余部分放在水中，生菜努力生长的故事给作者带来的感触。作者认为，我们要勇于重新开始。故选C。（六）（2024·四川绵阳·统考一模）TheupcomingChina-CentralAsiaSummitistobeheldinXi’an,whichhasahistoryofover3,000yearsandenjoysareputationasa“LivingHistoryMuseum”.Ifyouareamongtheparticipants,justenjoythefollowing.TheTerracottaArmyItisoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofthe20thcentury.Discoveredin1974,thearmyofTerracottaWarriorswasconstructedbyChina’sFirstEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynasty(221BC-207BC)withacollectionofthousandsoflife-sizeterracottasoldiersandhorsesdifferinginfacialfeaturesandexpressions,clothing,hairstyleandalsobodyposition.AncientCityWallItwasbuiltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstEmperoroftheMingdynasty(1368–1644).Nowitisoneoftheoldestandbest-preservedChinesecitywalls.Thewallisnowalandmark,whereyoucanenjoyagoodviewofthecity.GiantWildGoosePagodaOneofChina’smostfamousBuddhistpagodas,theGiantWildGoosePagoda,wasbuiltintheTangDynasty(618-907)forthestudyofBuddhistscriptures(经典).OneofitsmainfunctionswastostorescripturesbroughttoChinafromIndiabythefamousmonkandtravelerXuanZang.ShaanxiHistoryMuseumItishometoover370,000precioustreasuresunearthedinShaanxi.Itscollectionsrangefrombronzewarestopottery(陶)figures,goldandpaintingsfromtheTangDynastytombs.Amongitspreciouscollections,somepieceshavebeenlistedasnationaltreasures.1．Wherecanyougoifyou’reintoancientChina’stroops?A．TheTerracottaArmy. B．AncientCityWall.C．GiantWildGoosePagoda. D．ShaanxiHistoryMuseum.2．Whatdothefourattractionshaveincommon?A．Theydatebackto1,000yearsago.B．Theyhavewonderfultallbuildings.C．TheyshowthegreathistoricalcharmofXi’an.D．Theyhaveawiderangeofpreciouscollections.3．Whoisthepassagemainlyintendedfor?A．ThetravelerstoXi’an.B．Thehistory-loverstoXi’an.C．TheparticipantstoasummitinXi’an.D．ThevisitorstoafamousmuseuminXi’an.【答案】1．A2．C3．C【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个位于西安，具有历史和文化价值的景点。1．细节理解题。根据文章TheTerracottaArmy部分中“Discoveredin1974,thearmyofTerracottaWarriorswasconstructedbyChina’sFirstEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynasty(221BC-207BC)withacollectionofthousandsoflife-sizeterracottasoldiersandhorsesdifferinginfacialfeaturesandexpressions,clothing,hairstyleandalsobodyposition.(兵马俑于1974年被发现，是由中国秦始皇秦朝(公元前221年-公元前207年)建造的，有数千个真人大小的兵马俑，在面部特征和表情、服装、发型和身体姿势上各不相同)”可知，如果你想了解古代中国的军队，你可以去兵马俑。故选A项。2．细节理解题。根据文章TheTerracottaArmy部分中“Itisoneofthegreatestdiscoveriesofthe20thcentury.(这是20世纪最伟大的发现之一)”和AncientCityWall部分中“Nowitisoneoftheoldestandbest-preservedChinesecitywalls.(现在它是中国最古老、保存最完好的城墙之一)”和GiantWildGoosePagoda部分中“Itwasbuiltinthe14thcenturybyZhuYuanzhang,thefirstEmperoroftheMingdynasty(1368–1644).(它是明朝(1368-1644)第一任皇帝朱元璋于14世纪建造的)”和ShaanxiHistoryMuseum部分中“Itscollectionsrangefrombronzewarestopottery(陶)figures,goldandpaintingsfromtheTangDynastytombs.(它的藏品包括青铜器、陶俑、黄金和唐代墓葬的绘画)”可知，这四个景点的共同之处是它们展现了西安伟大的历史魅力。故选C项。3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“TheupcomingChina-CentralAsiaSummitistobeheldinXi’an,whichhasahistoryofover3,000yearsandenjoysareputationasa“LivingHistoryMuseum”.Ifyouareamongtheparticipants,justenjoythefollowing.(即将召开的中国-中亚领导人会议将在拥有3000多年历史、有“活历史博物馆”美誉的西安举行。如果你是参与者之一，请享受以下内容)”可推知，这篇文章主要是写给出席西安峰会的与会者看的。故选C项。（七）（2024·四川内江·统考一模）Inelementaryschool,GlennCameronwasveryawareofthechallengesfacedbyhisfriend,Roger,whowasmissingahand.Nowhehasbuiltanartificialhelperforhim.Therobotichandiscalled“Dexi”.Itseachfingercanmoveindependently.Thestrengthandspeedofthehand’s“muscles”canbecontrolled.Thefingersstopclosingwhentheycomeacrosssomething,allowingthehandtoshakehands,forexample.He’salsocreatedadigitalversionofthishand,whichrespondsonacomputerscreen.Thesystemconsideredunusualbyexpertsisthatittakeselectricalsignalsfromahumanbrainandsendsthemtoacomputer.Cameronmanagedtoapplythebraininterface(接口)afterhundredsofexperiments.Wearingaspecialheadset,hecanopenandclosetherobotichandjustbythinking.Tomakethehandclose,he“sees”afistinhishead.Toopenthehand,hethinksaboutthebeep(嘟嘟声).Infact,Cameron’sfirstrobotichandwas3Dprintedfromanonlinerobotkit.Realizingthehandwastoolimited,hedecidedtobuildhisown.Itwasquiteachallenge,buthisnewversionwasbetter.It’salsocheap,comparedtomanyotherrobotichandprojects.Mr.Cameronsaysdesigningandbuildingthehandishardandfindsprogrammingcomputerseasier.ThencametheoneRogerisusing.Cameronisworkingonahandthatcanactuallybeusedbyapersonwho’slostahandatpresent.Hesaysthenewhandwillbesimpler,becausetherewon’tbeasmuchspace.Tomakeupforthis,he’saddingaminicameraandtryingtomakethehandsmarter.Hewantstoletusersthinkofataskandhavethehanddoitautomatically.Cameronencouragesyoungpeoplewhothinktheymightwanttodosomethingdemandingandsimilar:“Youjustbeginworkingtowardsit,takingonelittlestepatatime,purposefulanddetermined,soonerorlateryou’regoingtogettowhereyoulongfor.”1．What’sthemostspecialabouttherobotichandRogeruses?A．Theminicamera. B．Controllablemuscles.C．3Dprinting. D．Thebraininterface.2．Whichversionoftheartificialhan