2025北京西城区高一（下）期末英语试题及答案

高中2025北京西城高一（下）期末英语2025.7本试卷共16页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷(共75分)I.听力理解(共三节，22.5分)第一节：(共4小题；每小题1.5分，共6分)听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。1.Howwillthespeakersgototheweekendmarket?A.Bybike.B.Bycar.C.Bybus.2.Wheredidthemanputthekeys?A.OntheTVstand.B.Inhisjacketpocket.C.Onthekitchentable.3.Whichexhibitionisthewomangoingtovisit?A.Photography.B.Painting.C.Sculpture.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Wheretobuynecessarymedicine.B.Whentoissueahurricanewarning.C.Whattopreparebeforeanaturaldisaster.第二节：(共6小题；每小题1.5分，共9分)听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。5.Whatiswrongwiththewoman’sphone?A.Itsscreenisbroken.B.Itwon’tturnonproperly.C.Thesoftwarecan’tbeupdated.6.Whatistheman?A.Asalesman.B.Anengineer.C.Awaiter.听第6段材料，回答第7至第8小题。7.Whatisthewoman’smajornow?A.Appliedphysics.B.Englishliterature.C.Computerprogramming.8.Wheremighttheconversationtakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inatheatre.C.Inaschool.听第7段材料，回答第9至第10小题。9.Whenwillthefoodfestivalstart?A.OnAugust5h.B.OnAugust15h.C.OnAugust25h.10.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?A.Toapplyforastand.B.Tosellseasonalfruits.C.Tosolveschedulingproblems.第三节：(共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分)听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。HowtoSaveEnergyatHomeUseenergy-savingappliancesUpgradetoenergy-savingfridgesandwashingmachinesChangetoLEDlightsto11lightingenergyusePractisesensibleenergy12Turnofflightswhenleavingaroom13electronicswhentheyarenotinuse14heatingandcoolingneedsUse15blinds:closethematnightinwintertokeepheatinand...Changeyourair-conditionertemperatureto27℃insummerandheaterto20℃inwinterII.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIwaseight,myfatherleft.Mymotherbecameasinglemomofsixboys,workingseveraljobstokeepusfedandsheltered.Lifeforuswas____16____.WhenIwashavingahardtimeadaptingtomynot-so-happylife,IwaspairedwithPaulinanAmeriCorpsprogram.Paulisasystemsengineer.HecameintomylifewhenI____17___himthemost.HebecametheonlyeducatedpersoninmyyounglifetowhomIcouldtalkandlooktofor____18___.Hebecamealightthathelpedleadmetowardsabetterlife.AsIgrewup,wewouldgooutandhavefuntogether.OfallthememoriesIhavewithhim,onememory___19___inparticular.WewenttotheBostonHarborIslandsforatripinthemiddleofwinter.NotpayingattentiontoPaul’s___20___,Iwasshowingoffmyrock-jumpingskillswhenIfoundmyself____21____falling15feetintotheicyharbor!PoorPaulquickly____22____meoutofthewater,andtogether,wegottorideaboatbacktoBostonfrominsidetheheatedcaptain’sroom.Notallofourmomentswerethisdramatic,____23____eachwasspecial.Webakedcookies,wewenttothemovies,andweevenchangedcarbatteriestogether!Duringourtimetogether,PaulreallylistenedtowhatIsaidandkeptshowingmethatI____24___.Unlikesomanypoorly-educatedpeopleinmychildhoodneighborhood,I,____25____byPaul,wenttocollege.Aftermanyyears,Istartedmyown____26____.Icompletelyenjoythelifeofabusinessman,withallitsupsanddowns.Ifeel____27___thatthroughmydifficultchildhood,Idevelopedmyfoundation—extremepatienceanddetermination,andastrong____28____toalwaysdogood.Ihavecomealongwayfrommyhardbeginnings.Paulwouldtellyouthatheisjusta(n)____29____guy,whojustshowedup.Butnotme,whenIlookatPaul,Iseemyhero.Whenlifewasstacked(处于劣势)againstme,hewasthere,movingmecloserandclosertoabetterlife.Anditmadea____30____.16.A.boring B.busy C.tough D.meaningless17.A.trusted B.missed C.admired D.needed18.A.guidance B.acceptance C.respect D.comfort19.A.wearsoff B.sticksout C.flashesback D.getsaway20.A.warning B.reaction C.promise D.comment21.A.smoothly B.effortlessly C.accidentally D.secretly22.A.forced B.pulled C.held D.threw23.A.and B.although C.because D.unless24.A.succeeded B.changed C.progressed D.mattered25.A.impressed B.touched C.encouraged D.praised26.A.family B.company C.community D.union27.A.confident B.curious C.powerful D.fortunate28.A.desire B.emotion C.ability D.build29.A.regular B.familiar C.amazing D.optimistic30.A.connection B.point C.record D.differenceIII.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，共30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。APlanningacampingtripthissummer?Canadahasavarietyofoptions.Wehandselectedthesesitesforyoubecausecampingissuchanimportantpartofthesummerexperienceinourcountry.PacificRimNationalParkThemaindraw:LongBeachisthebestPacificexperience—22kilometresofsandwithahorizonthatdisappearsintotheocean.Thecampsitesheresitveryclosetotheocean.Thingstodo:Startbyexploringthebeach.Ofcourse,youcanalsogoforaswim,butbeawarethatthewaterisabout10℃.Ifyou’reintosurfing,therearealmostalwayswavesatLongBeach.Greywhalesspendthesummerinthewatersjustoffshore,providingwhalewatchingopportunities.AliceLakeProvincialParkThemaindraw:Whatthissmallparklacksinsize,itmakesupforinlocation,sittingjustnorthofSquamish—“Canada’sOutdoorRecreationCapital”.Campgroundpathslinkintothearea’sworld-classmountain-bikingnetwork.Thingstodo:YoucanwarmupforSquamishmountainbikingwithathree-kilometreridestartingjustoutsidethecampground.YoucanalsocooloffwithaswiminAliceLakeorrelaxonitssandybeaches.Anddon’tmissSquamish’sHoweSoundrestauranthere,youcantrytheirdeliciouswood-firedpizza.MountRobsonProvincialParkThemaindraw:There’snobetterplacetoadmirethehighestmountainintheCanadianRockiesthanattheBergLakeCampground.Thecampgroundislocatedbesideasmalllakethatcontainsminiicebergsthathavebrokenofffromaglacier(冰川)onthemountainabove.Thingstodo:TheBergLakeareahasseveralworld-classhikes.TheSnowbirdPasshikeisatough22-kilometreroundtrip.Thelakeprovidesapeacefulandbeautifulenvironmentforvisitorstoboatandenjoythesurroundingmountainscenery.PeterLougheedProvincialParkThemaindraw:ThiscampingareainAlberta’sKananaskisCountryispopularwiththelocals.IthasallthecharacteristicsyougetinnearbyBanff,butwithoutthecrowds.Youcanonlyreachitbyhikingforaboutthreekilometres.Thingstodo:Besidesfishing,youcanrelaxintheflower-filledfieldsandenjoynicemountainviewsatSouthKananaskisPass.Usekayaks(皮划艇)toexploretheshorelineofUpperKananaskisLake.31.WhatcanvisitorsdoinPacificRim-NationalPark?A.Enjoyfishing. B.Watchgreywhales.C.Trymountainbiking. D.Eatawood-firedpizza.32.Ifyouwanttogoforworld-classhikes,youcanexplore________.A.PacificRimNationalPark B.AliceLakeProvincialParkC.MountRobsonProvincialPark D.PeterLougheedProvincialPark33.Whatdothefourparkshaveincommon?A.Theyallofferwateractivities. B.Theyallhavepeacefulcampsites.C.Theyallfeaturebeautifulmountainviews. D.Theyallmakegooddestinationsforhiking.BFouryearsago,ChristinatraveledtoIndiawithherfamily.AtamarketinBombay,shewassurprisedtoseerowsofobjectsmadeofivory(象牙).Globally,theivorytradehasbeenagainstthelawformorethan30years,andelephanthuntinghasbeenprohibitedinIndiasincethe1970s.Curious,Christinadidsomeresearchanddiscoveredashockingpieceofdata:Africa’sforestelephantpopulationhaddroppedbyabout62percentbetween2008and2019.Andthenumberscontinuetodrop.Awildlifelover,Christinawantedtodosomethingtohelpprotectthespeciesthatisstillthreatenedbypoaching(偷猎).Overthecourseoftwoyears,ChristinacreatedElSa(shortforelephantsavior),alow-costmodelofanAI-drivensoftwarethatlooksatmovementpatternsinthermalinfrared(热能红外)videosofhumansandelephants.Christinasaysthesoftwareisfourtimesmoreaccurate(精确的)thanexistingadvancedmethods.ElSausesathermalcamerathatconnectstoasmartphone.Thecameraandthephonearethenattachedtoadrone,andthesystemproducesreal-timeresultsasitfliesoverparks,showingwhetherobjectsbelowarehumanorelephant.Herprojectwonanawardintheworld’slargestinternationalpre-collegeSTEMcompetition.ChristinafirstlearnedaboutthecapabilitiesofAIjustafterninthgrade.OnceatanAIconference,ChristinametAprilMoss,aHarvardcomputerscientistwhowasworkingonawildlifeprotectionprojectusingdronesandmachinelearning.Christinareachedouttothecomputerscientistaboutherideatocatchelephantpoachersusingmovementpatterns,andMosswashappytohelpherwiththesoftwareproject.Afternumerousimprovements,ChristinafinallycreatedElSa,whichwasabletopickouthumanswithover90percentaccuracy.Inthefall,ChristinawillattendtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,whereshewantstostudyelectricalengineeringandcomputerscience.Shehasplanstoenlargehermovementpatternresearchintootherendangeredanimals.AndshewantstobeginusinghersoftwareinnationalparksinAfrica.“Researchisn’tastraightline,”Christinasays.“Thathasmadememoreresourceful.Italsohelpedmedevelopintoamorecreativethinker.Youlearnalongtheway.”34.Whichistheprobableorderofthefollowingevents?①ChristinasawivoryproductsonsaleinBombay.②ChristinacreatedElSa.③ChristinaattendedanAIconference.A.①②③ B.②③① C.①③② D.③①②35.Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthatElSa________.A.ismorecost-savingthantheexistingmodelB.canidentifypoachersusingmovementpatternsC.isgoodattellingthedifferencesbetweenanimalsD.canpredictthemovementsofhumansandelephants36.WhatisChristina’sfutureplan?A.Tostudywildlifeprotectioninuniversity. B.TotakepartinacollegeSTEMcompetition.C.ToworkwithAprilMossonaprojectinAfrica. D.Toapplyhersoftwaretootherendangeredanimals.37.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordswouldbestdescribeChristina?A.Honestandresourceful. B.Responsibleandcreative.C.Generousandintelligent. D.Considerateandhard-working.CDocatsrememberwhotheirmotheris?Theanswertothisquestionisabitcomplex.Catsareunsocialanimals.Theirrelationshipsdon’tfunctionthesameasthoseofpeople.Therefore,catsdon’tremembertheirmothersinthesamewaythathumansdo.Catsusesmelltoidentifyoneanother.Mothersandkittensmaycontinuetorecognizeeachotheriftheyareneverseparated.Iftheyareseparated,theywilllikelynotrecognizeeachotherwhentheyarereunited.Afterall.theirsmellwillhavechanged,whichwillcausetheir“identity”tochange.Evenifamotherandherkittensaren’tseparated,akitten’ssmellwillbegintochangewhenitisaround12weeksold.Beforethen,thekittensspendtheirtimeinanestingbox,whichcausesthemtodevelopauniquesmell.Aftertheystopspendingsomuchtimeintheirbox,thesmellslowlygoesaway,andthecatswilladoptthesmelloftheirenvironment.Eventually,itwillchangeenoughtopreventthecatsfromidentifyingeachotheraslittermates(同窝出生的仔畜).Domothercatsknowwhotheirkittensare?Variousstudieshavebeenperformedonwhethercatshaveaninbornsenseofwhotheirkittensare.Mostcatsacceptanykittenthatsuckles(吮吸)onthem.Youcantakekittensfromdifferentmothersandgivethemtothesamemothercat,andshewilltypicallyacceptthem.Therefore,catslikelydon’thaveastrongsenseofwhichkittensare“theirs”.Theytakecareofwhicheverkittensareintheirnestingbox.However,catstypicallyusesmelltorecognizeothercatsthattheyknow.Kittensthatspendtimeinamother’snestingboxwillusuallybecaredforbythatmother,asthey“smell”likeherkittens.Thisistrueevenifthekittensaren’tbiologicallyhers.Therefore,themothercatdoesn’tknowwhichkittensshegavebirthto.However,thereisasenseofwhichkittensare“hers”basedonwhichonesareinhernestingboxandsmelllikeit.Ifanykittensdisappear,shewilllikelynoticeandlookforthem.Butthatisn’talwaystrue.Sometimes,catsdon’trealizethattheyhavefewerkittens.Whenthekittensgrow,themothermayrecognizethattheyareherkittensiftheyarekeptaroundandnotseparated.However,shewon’tdevelopthesamemother-childrelationshipthathumansdo.Catstypicallydon’tform“family”ties.38.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodobymentioninghumanrelationshipsinParagraph1?A.Highlightadifference. B.Giveasuggestion.C.Makeanassumption. D.Expressadoubt.39.Catsareabletoknowwhotheirmothersarebecauseoftheir________.A.strongattachments B.inbornskillsC.biologicalrelationship D.sharedsmell40.Regardingamother’srelationshipwithherkittens,wecanlearnthat________.A.mothers’lovefortheirkittenslastsalifetimeB.motherswillmisstheirkittensiftheyareseparatedC.mothersdon’talwaysrememberwhichkittenstheygavebirthtoD.mothersdriveawaytheirkittenswhentheyareabout12weeksold41.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Toshowwhycatsfailtoidentifytheirlittermates.B.Topointoutwhenkittenstendtoleavetheirmothers.C.Toexplorewhatfactorsaffectmother-kittenrecognition.D.Toexplainhowtostrengthencats’mother-childrelationship.DA2023studyfromtheUniversityofBathfoundthatyoungergenerationshavehigherlevelsofperfectionism,orhavingexceptionallyhighstandardsandbeingoverlyself-critical,comparedwithpreviousgenerationsatthesameperiodintheirlives.Usingdatatakenfrom40,000NorthAmericanandBritishuniversitystudents,researchersfoundevidencethattheextenttowhichyoungpeopleplaceanunreasonableimportanceon“beingperfect”hadincreased.Growingcompetitionforuniversityplacesandjobs,andincreasinglystrictparentswerelistedamongcontributingfactors.TheWorldEconomicForumdescribesitasa“hiddenwaveofperfectionism”andconnectsperfectionismwithseriousmentalillnessessuchasdepression,anxietyandeatingdisorders.ClinicalpsychologistEllenHendriksensaysthatperfectionismisn’tnecessarilyaboutbeingperfect;instead,it’saboutneverbeinggoodenough.“It’saninnerpushtodomore,andalwaysbebetterbut,eventually,itcostsusmorethanitbuysus,”shesays.Ofcoursethereisnothingwrongwithsimplywantingtodowellandhavinghighstandardsforyourself.So,whendoesthisbecomeaproblem?Ellensaysithastodowiththereasonwhyyou’repursuing(追求)something.“There’sadifferencebetweendoingsomethingaswellasyoucanandmakingsomethingperfect.Ifyouenjoythejourneyofdoingsomething,that’sgreat.Butifyou’redoingitbecauseyouwanttoproveyou’regoodenough—that’swhatperfectionismis.”Whatarethetell-talesignsthatyou’reaperfectionist?Onecommoncharacteristicofperfectionismisprocrastination(拖延),butnotforthereasonsyoumightnormallyattachtoit,suchaslaziness.“Oftenperfectionistsfearthatthey’renotgoingtobeabletoperformtothelevelthatothersmightexpect,orthattheendresultwon’tbegoodenough,”Ellenexplains,“soit’snotactuallytheavoidanceofatask;it’savoidanceofnegativeemotionsconnectedwithatask.”Otherelementsofperfectionismcanbeseeninthewaythesepeoplemakedecisions.Therearetwoextremes:thosewhomakequickdecisionsandbelievethattheyareabsolutelymakingthe“correct”or“right”decision,andotherswhoaresoworriedaboutmakingthewrongdecision,andregretthattheyspendtoomuchtimeagonizingoverit,researching,weighingadvantagesanddisadvantagesandtalkingtopeopleforencouragement.Sohowdowebreakfreefromperfectionism?Itstartswithchallengingtheoriginalbeliefsthatdriveit.Perfectionismisoftenrootedinfear—fearoffailure,criticism,ornotbeinggoodenough.Askingourselvesquestionslike,“What’stheworstthatcouldhappenifthisisn’tperfect?”canhelpusputthingsintoperspective(正确认识).Bylettinggoofthefearofimperfection,wefreeourselvestotakerisks,becomemorecreative,andreachourtruepotential42.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.HowperfectionismharmsyoungpeopleB.Whythereexistsahiddenwaveofperfectionism.C.Whenperfectionismmayleadtomentalillnesses.D.Whatdrivesyoungergenerationstopursueperfection.43.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Doingone’sbesttypicallymarksperfectionism.B.Thepursuitofperfectionisthemaincauseofmentalissues.C.Rushingintodecisionscausesmoreproblemsthanweighingoptions.D.Fearoffailureplaysakeyroleinconnectingperfectionismandprocrastination.44.Whatdoesthephrase“agonizingover”underlinedinParagraph6probablymean?A.Insistingon. B.Strugglingwith. C.Cryingover. D.Dreamingabout.45.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThePriceofPerfection:PerfectionismHoldsYouBackB.TheLieofPerfection:UnrealisticGoalsWorsenAnxietyC.TheRootofPerfectionism:FearofNotBeingGoodEnoughD.TheTrapofPerfectionism:WantingtoBePerfectCausesSelf-Doubt第Ⅱ卷(共65分)I.选词填空(共7小题；每小题2分，共14分)用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。losecurrentadmirefoundperformenergymemory46.JaneGoodall,the________ofRoots&Shoots,madeatriptoChinathispastApriltodevelopheryoutheco-educationprogram.47.________,thepriceofcoffeebeansislow,butitmightincreasesoon.48.Despiteheroldage,ourTaijiteacherremains________andflexible.49.Theband’slive________atthemusicfestivalattractedthousandsofpeople.50.Therecentfloodingresultedinaheavyagricultural________,destroying80%ofthelocalcrops.51.IttookKevinonlytwodaysto________allhislinesfortheplay.52.TuYouyou’scommitmenttoherworkisso________thatithasinspiredpeoplefromallfields.II.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)在未给提示词的空白处填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。53.Canyouimagine________(see)theearthfromouterspace?(所给词的适当形式填空)54.________(understand)thepoemfurther,studentscanlookupsomeinformationaboutthepoet.(所给词的适当形式填空)55.Therescueteamrushedtothemountainvillage________heavyrainfallhadcausedlandslides.(用适当的词填空)56.________hesawinthedocumentarymadehimreflectontheimpactofclimatechange.(用适当的词填空)57.Rememberingwordsletterbyletter________(be)notthebestwaytolearnEnglish.(所给词的适当形式填空)58.Thetoolwith________hefixedthecarisveryexpensive.(用适当的词填空)59.Alltheactivities________(prepare)fortheguestsarelistedinthebrochure.(所给词的适当形式填空)60.Onethingtoconsideris________youcanturntoforhelpwhenyouareintrouble.(用适当的词填空)61.Thecaraccident________(occur)shortlyafterthetrafficlightturnedgreen.(所给词的适当形式填空)62.Theprojectinvolvesteammembers________(range)frombeginnerstoseniorexperts.(所给词的适当形式填空)III.完成句子(共5小题；第63、64题每题2分，第65、66、67题每题3分，共13分)根据括号中所给提示完成下列句子。63.我们不应该背弃自然。(turnone’sbackon)(汉译英)____________________________________________________________________________________________64.我不在的时候你能负责会议吗?(takechargeof)(汉译英)____________________________________________________________________________________________65.Mike购物时总是使用布袋，为环境保护尽一份力。(doone’spartfor)(汉译英)____________________________________________________________________________________________66.老师们想了解学生通常如何去学校。(从句)(汉译英)____________________________________________________________________________________________67.他们在山里迷路了，最后走了两个小时才找到出去的路。(endupdoing)(汉译英)____________________________________________________________________________________________IV.阅读表达(共4小题；每小题2分，共8分)阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。Caveexplorationisanexcitingactivitywherepeoplegotoexploreanunknowncave.Whenitcomestoexploringcaves,“spelunking”and“caving”arealwaysused.In1940,anAmericancavernamedClayPerrywroteaboutagroupofcaveexplorerswhocalledthemselvesspelunkers.Itwasthefirsttimethatthewordhadbeenheardincaveexplorationcircles.ThewordspelunkercomesfromtheLatinwordspelunca,whichmeanscavern,cave,ordeninEnglish.Also,thewordspeluncaitselfcomesfromtheGreekwordSpelynkwhichsimplymeanscave.Ontheotherhand,thewordcavingcomesfromtheLatinwordcaveaorcavern.Thiswordmeanstocave.Cavingandspelunkingareactuallythesame,butverydifferentinsomeways.Thedifferencebetweenthesetwotermsbegantosurfaceinthe1960swhenrealcaveexplorersreferredtospelunkersasinexperiencedandill-equipped.Spelunkersarecavetourists,wantingtoappreciateacave’snaturalfeaturesandbeauty.Basically,spelunkingislikeahobby.Ontheotherhand,cavinghasatotallydifferentpurpose.Caversexploreacavetostudyallofthethingsthatarehappeninginsideit.Somecaversareprofessionalswhostudycavephenomenon(现象).Youcanalsotellthedifferencebetweencavingandspelunkingbyexperiencelevel.Cavingrequiresindividualstobeknowledgeableandexperienced,sincetheirpurposeisoftentoworkanddoresearchincaves.Butforspelunkers,it’snotnecessarytobeexperiencedtoexploreacave,especiallyiftheobjectiveistoenjoytheviewasatourist.Caveexplorationissuretobringexcitementandfun.Giveitatrywhenyouhaveachance.68.Whatiscaveexploration?(不多于14个单词)____________________________________________________________________________________________69.Whendidtheword“spelunker”firstappearincaveexplorationcircles?(不多于2个单词)____________________________________________________________________________________________70.Whydospelunkersexplorecaves?(不多于11个单词)____________________________________________________________________________________________71.Whatqualityshouldyouhaveifyouwanttobeacaver?Explainwhy.(单词数不限)____________________________________________________________________________________________V.书面表达(20分)假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。本学期你选择了一门艺术选修课。你的英国好友Jim对此很感兴趣，来信了解你上课的具体情形。请你给他回信，内容包括：1.你所选课的名称和主要内容；2.你的学习收获。提示词：选修课optionalcourse注意：1.词数不少于60；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,_________________________________________________________________________________________