高三英语试卷英语阅读理解(社会文化)题分类汇编

高三英语试卷英语阅读理解(社会文化)题分类汇编一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1．阅读理解

WhileBlackFridayandCyberMondayhelpstarttheholidayshoppingseason,GivingTuesday,whichwillbeobservedonNovember28,attemptstoinspiretheseasonofgiving.Nowinitssixthyear,thecharitable(慈善的)dayusesthepowerofsocialmediatoencourageorganizationsandindividualstodonatefundsorresourcestoworthycauses.Itsmissionistobringpositivechangetocommunitiesthroughgiving.

Thoughdevotingjustonedaytoaworthycausemaynotseemmuch,GivingTuesdaymakesasurprisinglysignificantimpact.In2015,ORGANIZE,anonlineorgandonorprogramaskedpeopleto“GivewithyourHeart”,bybecomingregistereddonors.ThousandsofAmericanslistentothecryforhelp,resultinginoneofthelargestdigitaldonordrivesinUShistory.

Thatsameyear,theClevelandLibraryandthePrattLibraryinBaltimorecompetedtoseewhocouldencouragemoredonations.WhilethePrattLibrarywonwitha$41,000acquisition,theClevelandLibrarywasabletoraiseafairlylargeamountforitsprogramsaswell.In2016,theUniversityofMichiganencouragedstudentsandfriendstodonatetohourlychallenges.Theyraisedanamazing$5.5million!Theuniversityhopestorecreatethemagicthisyear,withavirtualcelebrationtomarktheinstitution's200thanniversary.

GivingTuesdayisnotjustaUSphenomenon,butaglobalmovement.In2016,98countriesparticipatedintheevent,raising$177million,a44%increaseover2015,when71nationscollected$116.7million.Thesenumberscanonlyincreaseasthedaygainsfurtherrecognition.

Thoughdonatingfundsisagreatwaytohelp,therearenumerousotherwaystosupportyourlocalcommunity.Youcangivebackbyvolunteeringatanearbynonprofitorfoodbank.Socialmediaexpertscandotheirsharebyspreadingtheinformationandinspiringtheircolleaguestogetinvolved.AnothergreatwaytocelebrateGivingTuesdayisbyhelpingthoseclosesttoyou,whetherthat'sassistingafamilymemberwithchoresorhelpinganeighborwithyardwork.（1）WhyisGivingTuesdaystarted?A.

Toappealtopeopletoperformanactofkindness.B.

Topromotesalesoftheholidayshoppingseason.C.

Toinspirethepoortohaveapositiveviewoflife.D.

Toencouragepeopletodonateorgansforpatients.（2）Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat

.A.

peopledonatedmoneyactivelyforthetwolibrariesinBaltimoreB.

theUniversityofMichiganthoughtitchallengingtogetdonationsC.

GivingTuesdayhasn'tbeenuniversallyacceptedintheworldsofarD.

thedonationstotheinstitutionweregivenforits200thanniversary（3）Theauthortriestotellthereaders

inParagraph5.A.

whyweneedtovolunteerinourlocalcommunityB.

whowewillcelebrateGivingTuesdaytogetherwithC.

whereweshoulddonatefundstobenefitotherpeopleD.

howwecangivetohelpthosewhoareingreatneed【答案】（1）A（2）C（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍GivingTuesday,并激励人们慷慨行善。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“WhileBlackFridayandCyberMondayhelpstarttheholidayshoppingseason,GivingTuesday,whichwillbeobservedonNovember28,attemptstoinspiretheseasonofgiving.”可知,人们庆祝GivingTuesday的目的是激励人们慷慨行善。故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Thesenumberscanonlyincreaseasthedaygainsfurtherrecognition.”可以推断出,到目前为止在世界上庆祝GivingTuesday还不够普遍。故选C。（3）考查主旨大意。根据第五段中的“)Thoughdonatingfundsisagreatwaytohelp,therearenumerousotherwaystosupportyourlocalcommunity.”可知,本段文章的内容主要讲述为社会奉献有许多种方式。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2．阅读理解

Someinternationallanguagesarewidelyusedformanypurposes.Someminoritylanguageswilldieoutandsomenationstendtokeepminoritylanguages.Ireckonthatmostcommonusedinternationallanguageseaseourlifequalityandcommunicationwithdifferentnationalities.Ontheotherhand,weneedtohelpimproveminoritylanguages.

Therearemanylanguagesintheentireworldbuttwoorthreeminoritylanguagesdieouteachyear.Somecountriestrytosavedyinglanguages.Forinstance,AustralianGovernmentcreatedaprojecttosavethelanguageandcultureofMaoriwhoareAustralianaborigines.AndthereareotherprojectstokeepminoritylanguagessuchasAmericanIndianlanguage.

However,theworldwidejobmarketusuallyrequirescandidateswhocanspeakEnglishorotherinternationallanguages.Peoplewhocannotspeaklinguafranca(共通语)couldhardlybepromotedatwork.Forexample,somecompaniesneedanemployeewhocandealwithforeigncompanies.Somostpeopletendtolearnatleastoneinternationallanguagethathelpsthemtofindabetterjob.

Therefore,worldneedsonecommonlinguafrancathatshouldbespokeninanycountry.Consequently,onecommonlanguageshouldbearequiredsubjectineveryschool.Soanyonespeakingonecommonlanguagecantravelwithoutworriestoanypointoftheworldandtradetheirproducts.Peoplewillnotbeforcedtolearnmanylanguages.

Inconclusion,weshouldhelpminoritynationstokeeptheirlanguagesfortheculturaldiversity.Toeasetheworldwidecommunicationamongnations,weshouldcreateacommonlanguageandprovidecoursesofit.Asaresult,noonewillfacealanguageissue.（1）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reckon”inParagraph1mean?A.

Deny.

B.

Fear.

C.

Ignore.

D.

Think.（2）WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A.

Notallminoritylanguagesareuseful.

B.

Someminoritylanguageshavediedout.C.

MaoriisattractivetoAustraliantourists.

D.

AmericanIndianlanguageiswellpreserved.（3）Whydomostpeoplestudymoreinternationallanguages?A.

Itbenefitstheirjourney.

B.

Theycanearnmoremoney.C.

Itdoesgoodtofindagoodjob.

D.

Theyareeagertogetpromoted.（4）Howcanwestayawayfromlanguageproblems?A.

Bylearningacommonlanguage.

B.

Bywipingoutminoritylanguages.C.

Bystudyingmorelanguagesatcollege.

D.

Bycommunicatingmorewithforeigners.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一些国际语言被广泛用于许多目的，多数人学习更多的国际语言是为了找到一份好工作。作者建议通过学习一种共同的语言来解决语言问题。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“Someminoritylanguageswilldieoutandsomenationstendtokeepminoritylanguages.”一些少数民族语言消亡，一些国家倾向于保持少数民族语言。”Ireckonthatmostcommonusedinternationallanguageseaseourlifequalityandcommunicationwithdifferentnationalities.”我认为最常用的国际语言缓解我们的生活质量和与不同民族的沟通。由上下文联系推知划线词的意思是“想，认为”。故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Therearemanylanguagesintheentireworldbuttwoorthreeminoritylanguagesdieouteachyear.”可知一些少数民族的语言已经灭绝。故选B。（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Somostpeopletendtolearnatleastoneinternationallanguagethathelpsthemtofindabetterjob.”多数人学习更多的国际语言是为了找到一份好工作。故选C。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Toeasetheworldwidecommunicationamongnations,weshouldcreateacommonlanguageandprovidecoursesofit.Asaresult,noonewillfacealanguageissue.”可知通过学习一种共同的语言来解决语言问题。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。3．阅读理解

EntrepreneurandCEOofTeslaandSpaceX,EldonMuskmayhavealittlemoretimeonhishands,ashe'sleavinghispositionontheboardoftheOpenAl,accordingtoablogpost.

ThedepartureislikelytheresultofTesla'smovingintothefieldofArtificialIntelligence(AI)，whichhesaidin2017wouldbethe“bestintheworld”andwouldevenbeableto“predictyourdestination,”Muskwillcontinueto“donateandadvisetheorganization,”OpenAIsaidinablogpostonFeb.20,addingthat“AsTeslacontinuestobecomemorefocusedonAI,thiswillavoidapotentialfutureconflictforEldon.

MuskandYCombinerCEOSamAltmanco-foundedthenonprofitenterpriseinDecember2015,itsmissionistodevelopsafeartificialgeneralintelligenceandensurethosedevelopmentsaremadepublic.OpenAIresearcherspublishedapaperonthesiteArXiv,org,detailingthepossiblesecurethreatsthatcomewith“malicious”AI.Infact,Muskhasheardthe“evilAI”alarmseveraltimes,OnAug.11，2017,hewarnedthatartificialintelligenceposesabiggerthreattohumanity,andhetoldagatheringofstategovernorsthatthegovernmentneedstoregulateAlbeforerobotsstart“killingpeople.”

Musk'sdeparturefromtheOpenAIboardcouldmeanbigthingsforTesla.AsEtonGoodbye,afinancialreporter,notedonFuturism,themove“couldsignalthatTeslaismoredeeplycommittedtotheirownAIprojectsthanwethought.”Headded,“Thosewhohavehadtheirearstoanyrumors(谣言)thatTeslaisreadytodelivervehiclescapableofLevel5autonomycouldtakethisnewOpenAldevelopmentasasignthatthecompanyisinchingclosertothatunapproachablegoal,”Nocompanyhasreachedthatlevelofautonomy,whichmeansthatadriverlesscarcouldnavigateanyroadunderanyconditionsandthatallthehuman“driver”wouldneedtodoistoinputadestination.（1）WhydoesEldonMuskleavehisposition?A.

TocreatesaferAI.

B.

TobuildpowerfulInternet.C.

Todevelopsocialcommunication.

D.

ToavoidapossibleconflictwithTesla.（2）WhatistheEldonMusk'sattitudetowardstheAI?A.

Ambiguous.

B.

Supportive.

C.

Negative.

D.

Sympathetic.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“malicious”inParagraph3mean?A.

Poisonous.

B.

Unpopular.

C.

Advanced.

D.

Traditional.（4）WhatcanweinferfromEtonGoodbye'scomments?A.

Level5autonomyisimpossible.

B.

TherumorsaboutTeslaismeaningless.C.

HehasnoconfidenceinOpenAI.

D.

Level5autonomycouldsethumandriversfree.【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了传奇人物埃隆·马斯克和他的公司。(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“EntrepreneurandCEOofTeslaandSpaceX,EldonMuskmayhavealittlemoretimeonhishands,ashe'sleavinghispositionontheboardoftheOpenAI,accordingtoablogpost.”和第二段中的“addingthat“AsTeslacontinuestobecomemorefocusedonAI,thiswillavoidapotentialfutureconflictforEldon.”可知EldonMusk离开他的职位是为了避免可能和Tesla产生冲突，故D。(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Muskwillcontinueto“donateandadvisetheorganization”可推知EldonMusk对于AI的态度是同情，故选B。(3)考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“Infact,Muskhasheardthe‘evilAI’alarmseveraltimes.”可猜测出“malicious”的意思是有害的，故选A。(4)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Nocompanyhasreachedthatlevelofautonomy,whichmeansthatadriverlesscarcouldnavigateanyroadunderanyconditionsandthatallthehuman‘driver’wouldneedtodoistoinputadestination.可推出“Level5autonomy”将会让人类司机解放，故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解

Beginninglifeatcollegenaturallydevelopsbothexcitementandanxietyformanyreasons.Forsome,thisfeelingisquicklyovercomeastheyadapttoanewenvironment;forothersthechangetakeslongerandsometimesappearsashomesickness.

Ifyouarehomesick,youmightnoticeanincreasein:

Lowenergyormotivation.

Troublesleeping.

Increases/decreasesinappetite.

Havingdifficultywithschool.

Increaseduseofdrugsoralcohol.

Lackofinterestorinvolvementinnewsurroundings.

CAUSES

Thedistancefromhome—thefartheryougo,theworseitmaybe.

Unhappinesswhenthingsaredifferentfromyourexpectationsofstudentlife.

Youhavefinallyarrivedatcollegeafterworkingtowarditforsolong.

Aheavyworkload.

Studentswhoarehomesickoftenfeeltheyhavenocontrolovertheirenvironment.

WHATMIGHTHELP?

Keepingoodcontactwiththepeopleyouhaveleftbehind,butalsogiveyourselftimewithintheuniversitytobegintogetinvolvedhere.

Berealisticaboutwhattoexpectfromstudentlifeandfromyourself.Setupabalancebetweenworkandleisure.

Ifworkisprovingtoodifficult,youmayneedtoimproveyourstudyskillsoryourorganizationoftime.

Remembertogetenoughfoodandsleep!Theseaffectyouemotionallyaswellasphysically.

Makecontactsandfriendsthroughsharedactivitiessuchassportsorotherinterests.

Ifyoustopbeingabletodonormalsocialandacademicthings,seekprofessionalhelpeitherfromyouradvisorordeanorthecounselingservice.（1）Whatmightbeasignoffeelinghomesick?A.

Feelinglikequarrelingwithsomeoneelse.B.

Becominginterestedinstudythaneverbefore.C.

Findingfoodorfruitlessattractive.D.

Participatinginalmostallactivitiesincollege.（2）Newcollegestudentsmightbehomesickbecause

.A.

theyareneverfarawayfromtheirparentsB.

theyfeelupsetaboutsomethingunexpectedC.

theysuddenlydonothaveanythingtodoD.

theydonotliketheuniversitytheyarein（3）Whichofthefollowingmeasuresmightbehelpfulforhomesickstudentsaccordingtothetext?A.

Keepingtheiroldfriendsleftbehind.B.

Remindingthemselvestokeepbusyandforgetit.C.

Forcingthemselvestostayintheirdormsonweekends.D.

Goinginforsportswiththeirfriends.【答案】（1）C（2）B（3）D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了刚离开家上大学的学生面对新环境可能遇到的问题和给他们提出的建议。（1）细节理解题。由原文“Increases/decreasesinappetite.”可知，如果一个人想家，就有可能增加或减少食欲，所以C选项“感觉食物或水果失去吸引力”符合题意，而其他选项“想跟别人吵架”、“对学习比以前更感兴趣”和“几乎参加了大学所有的活动”都不符合题意。所以答案选C。（2）细节理解题。由原文“Unhappinesswhenthingsaredifferentfromyourexpectationsofstudentlife.”可知，当事情不符合新入学的学生的期望时，他们就会不高兴。所以B选项“他们对不符合预期的事物感到厌烦”符合题意。所以答案选B。（3）推理判断题。由原文“Keepingoodcontactwiththepeopleyouhaveleftbehind”可知，要跟留下的人保持联系，所以A选项“要一直让老朋友留下”是不正确的。由原文“Setupabalancebetweenworkandleisure.”可知，应该在工作和休闲之前建立一个平衡，所以B选项“提醒他们自己保持忙碌并忘记想家”是不符合题意的。由原文“Makecontactsandfriendsthroughsharedactivitiessuchassportsorotherinterests.”可知，可以通过运动或其他兴趣来结识其他朋友，所以C选项“强迫自己周末待在宿舍”是不符合题意的，而D选项“跟朋友一起运动”是正确的。所以答案选D。【点评】推断题型答题技巧。推理是在既有信息的基础上得出合乎文章内容的内涵意义，即某一问题、某一观点没有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行间，要求通过文中信息分析推出某种符合作者思想、符合文章逻辑的内涵意义。推断则是指通过对文章进行符合逻辑的综合分析，推出文章未直接陈述的言外之意。推断题推断得正确与否，很大程度上取决于是否能正确把握作者潜隐在字里行间的语气及观点。5．阅读理解

Nowin2019,jazzmusicisanimportantpartofIndianapolis'artculture.JazzclubsaroundthecitystillhostconcertswithlocaljazzmusicianslikeRobDixonandJoelTucker.Oneoftheseclubs,theChatterboxJazzClub,stillhaslivejazzsevennightsaweek.

ButtherealhistoryofjazzinIndyismuchlesssimple.AlongwiththeAvenue'sculture,jazzmusicwasgonefromthestreetsformanyyears.

IndianaAvenuewastheheartofaneighborhoodalongtheWhiteRiver.Itwasacenterforblackmusicandlivestreetmusic.Thewealthyavoidedthisarea.Soitbecameaplacethatpoorerfamilies,includingmanyAfrican-Americanandimmigrant(移民)families,movedto.

JazzprosperedinthemixofAmericanculturesaroundtheAvenueinthe1930sand1940s.Butinthe1950s,thingschanged.Afterthewar,therewereprojectstomakethecitybeautifulandbuildauniversitynearby.Bothoftheseseemedlikegoodchanges.However,thenewuniversityandbuildingscausedpoorerfamiliestohavetoleavethearea.ThisdestroyedtheIndianaAvenuecommunity-andwithit,itsjazzculture.

Aftermanyyears,Indianapolisrememberedthevalueofitsartsandmusicculture.ItbegantobringbacklostculturessuchaslivemusicontheAvenue.Todoso,itbegantomakenewchanges.ThechangesincludedrepairinghistoricareasliketheAvenue.Onceagain,thehighlivingcostsinthesehistoricartsareaspushedlow-incomefamiliesout.

Todaythereareseveralold-stylejazzclubswherefriendscanmeetuptorememberthepastorjustenjoyasummerevening.Itmightseematfirstthatjazzisaliveagain,butthereisasadrealitybehindthesejazzclubs:ModernIndyjazzisonlyashadow(影子)ofthelivelyculturethatwasonceonIndianaAvenue.（1）WhatdoestheauthormainlywanttosayinParagraph1?A.Jazzclubscanmakebigmoney.B.Jazzmusiciansoftenholdconcerts.C.JazzmusicispopularinIndianapolis.D.JazzcultureisjustpartofIndianapolis'culture.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prospered"inParagraph4mean?A.Disappearedquickly.B.Arrivedsoon.C.Recoveredsoon.D.Developedwell.（3）WhatdidIndianapolisdotobringbackitslostculture?A.Itrebuiltsomeoldimportantareas.B.Itinvitedoldjazzmusicianstosinginthecity.C.Iteducatedpeopleaboutthevalueofmusicculture.D.Itsettledlow-incomefamiliesintheIndianaAvenuecommunity,（4）Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingaboutmodernIndyjazzistrue?A.Itshomecultureisgone.B.Itsstylesaretootraditional.C.Itshowsthesadnessofthepoor.D.Itisnolongerafavoriteoftheyoung.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，2019年爵士乐仍然是印第安纳波利斯艺术文化的重要组成部分，但是它的本土文化消失了。（1）考查段落大意。根据第一段中的“Nowin2019,jazzmusicisanimportantpartofIndianapolis'artculture.”现在到了2019年，爵士乐是印第安纳波利斯艺术文化的重要组成部分。可知，第一段主要是介绍了爵士乐在印第安纳波利斯很受欢迎。故选C。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中中的“Butinthe1950s,thingschanged….However,thenewuniversityandbuildingscausedpoorerfamiliestohavetoleavethearea.ThisdestroyedtheIndianaAvenuecommunity-andwithit,itsjazzculture.”但在20世纪50年代，情况发生了变化。……然而，新的

大学和建筑使得贫困家庭不得不离开这个地区。这摧毁了印第安纳大道社区，也随之摧毁了它的爵士乐文化。可知，转折词but之后描述了爵士乐的衰落，因此推测出划线词prospered意为“兴盛、蓬勃发展”。故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“ItbegantobringbacklostculturessuchaslivemusicontheAvenue.Todoso,itbegantomakenewchanges.ThechangesincludedrepairinghistoricareasliketheAvenue.”它开始带回失落的文化，比如大街上的现场音乐。为此，它开始做出新的改变。这些改变包括修复像TheAvenue这样的历史街区。可知，它重建了一些旧的重要区域。故选A。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Itmightseematfirstthatjazzisaliveagain,butthereisasadrealitybehindthesejazzclubs:ModernIndyjazzisonlyashadow(影子)ofthelivelyculturethatwasonceonIndianaAvenue.”乍一看，爵士乐似乎又活了起来，但在这些爵士乐俱乐部背后却有一个可悲的现实:现代印地安那爵士乐只是曾经活跃在印第安纳大道上的文化的一个影子。可知，爵士乐的本土文化消失了。故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

There'saworldofdifferencebetweenahorrormovieandacomedy—theformerscaresyouhalftodeathwhilethelatterleavesyourollingonthefloorwithlaughter.Buttrywatchingthemwithoutthebackgroundmusicandyoujustmightdecidethey'renotsodifferentafterall.Musicandmovieshavebeencloselyconnectedsincethebeginningofthefilmindustry—evenbeforethevoicesofactorswererecorded.Inmovies,musichelpstoprovideasenseoftimeandplace,conveyideasaboutthecharactersand,mostimportantly,drawemotionsoutoftheaudience.

Studieshavelongshownthatourheartratesandanxietylevelsriseandfalldependingonthespeedofthemusicwehear.Usingthisknowledge,composersusesuddenchangesinfilmmusicspeedtocreatefearamongaudiences.Slowingthespeedofthemusicwillhavetheoppositeeffect,bringingaboutasenseofpeaceoradreamlikequality.Theuseofdissonant(不和谐的)tonesandnoisesisanothertechniquethatheightenstension.Humansnaturallybecomeunnervedwhenweheardissonantsoundsbecausesuchnoisesareusuallyassociatedwithdanger,likethosethatanimalsmaketowarnagainstpredators(捕食者).

Ascrucialasitis,thebestfilmmusicissubtle.Allthataudiencesaresupposedtofeelisaheightenedsenseofemotion—theyshouldn'trealizewhat'scausingit.Onlywhenthemusicistakenoutofthefilmshouldaudiencesunderstanditseffects.

Inkeepingwiththisprinciple,somefilmmakersareevenusingwhat'scalled"infrasound"(次声波)toarousefear.Whilewemaynotbeabletohearitbecauseitsfrequencyisbelowtherangeofthehumanear,infrasoundhasbeenproventocauseanxiety,trembleandevensorrow.Forexample,infrasoundwasusedinthesoundtrackofthe2007horrormovieParanormalActivity,andaudiencesreposedextremelyhighfearlevelsdespitethe1ackofactionthroughoutthemovie."Itdoesn'taffecteveryoneequally,"saidBritishsciencewriterPhilipBall,authorofTheMusicInstinct,buthepredictedthat"wewillseemoreofitusedinmoviesinthefuture".（1）Whatisthedifferencebetweenahorrormovieandacomedy?A.

Theirhistory.

B.

Theirbackgroundmusic.

C.

Theiractors.

D.

Theirtimeandplace.（2）Whatcausesfearamongaudiences?A.

Thethemeofthemusic.

B.

Theslowspeedofthetangle.C.

Theknowledgeofthemusic.

D.

Theunexpectedchangeofthemusic.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"subtle"inthethirdparagraphmean?A.

Gentle

B.

Wonderful

C.

Notimmediatelyobvious

D.

Notextremelyattractive（4）Whatdoweknowabout"infrasound"fromthelastparagraph?A.

Itcan'tbeknowntopeople.B.

Itmakesaudiencesrelaxed.C.

Itiswithintherangeofthehumanear.D.

Itwillbeusedmoreinmoviesinthefuture.【答案】（1）B（2）D（3）C（4）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，电影和音乐的关系密切，音乐对于电影影响重大，作者说明了电影制作者如何用音乐来渲染气氛。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Buttrywatchingthemwithoutthebackgroundmusicandyoujustmightdecidethey'renotsodifferentafterall."可知，但是试着在没有背景音乐的情况下看它们，你可能会觉得它们并没有什么不同。所以通过反向推理，要是有了背景音乐，恐怖电影和喜剧电影就截然不同了。故判断出恐怖电影和喜剧电影的区别在于他们的背景音乐。故选B。（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Usingthisknowledge,composersusesuddenchangesinfilmmusicspeedtocreatefearamongaudiences."可知，利用这一知识，作曲家利用电影音乐速度的突然变化在观众中制造恐惧。所以音乐的突然变化会使观众恐惧。故选D。（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"Allthataudiencesaresupposedtofeelisaheightenedsenseofemotion—theyshouldn'trealizewhat'scausingit.Onlywhenthemusicistakenoutofthefilmshouldaudiencesunderstanditseffects."可知，观众应该感受到的只是一种强烈的情感——他们不应该意识到是什么导致了这种情感。只有当音乐被从电影中删除时，观众才能理解它的影响。所以这段在解释最好的电影音乐是不易被观众察觉的音乐。也就是对"subtle"的解释。故第三段加下划线的"subtle"一词是C选项“不明显的”。故选C。（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"buthepredictedthat"wewillseemoreofitusedinmoviesinthefuture"可知，但他预测“我们将来会看到更多的电影会使用它”。所以从最后一段可知，"infrasound"将在未来的电影中被更多地使用。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。7．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Goingbacktoschoolcanbeananxioustimeformanystudents.ButoneinstitutioninTexasisdoingitsparttomakesuremiddleschoolersarereturningrefreshedandinspiredtolearn.

Throughaprocesscalledthe"bathroominspirationproject,"teachersandadministratorsatWarrenMiddleSchool,spenttheirsummerbeautifyingtheschool'srestroomsbypaintingmotivationalmurals(壁画)oneachofthestalls(小隔间).Formingmessageslike"Yourmistakesdon'tdefineyou"and"Scatter(撒播)kindness,"thebrightlycoloredwordsareexactlywhatayoungstudentneedstoseewhenhavingaroughday-oranyschooldayforthatmatter.Andnowthatclassesareofficiallyinsession,peoplearealreadynoticingapositiveimpact.

SincepostingphotosofupgradestotheschoolinJuly,PrincipalJoshuaGarciasaysthatthealterationshavearousedagreatresponse.

"Studentshavebeentalkingaboutthemuralsfromthemomentthepictureshadbeenposted.Someeventookthetimetofindareasontocomeuptothecampustoseethemurals,"hesays."Ithinkwhatmakesthissmalllittleactionsovaluableisthatithassetthetoneforourcampus."

Andnotonlyisthatimportanttostudents,parents,andfellowstaff,butitisalsovitalfortheschool'snewprincipal,whoistryingtogainthetrustofthecommunityduringatimeinwhichtrustissonecessaryforschools.

"Beingnewtothecampus,IthinktheparentswereabletoseehowmuchIvaluetheirchildrenandhavetheirbestinterestatheart,"Garciacontinues."Ihavehadmanyparentstellmehowtheycanjustfeeladifferenceinthecampusclimateandhowmuchtheyareenjoyingseeingtheirchildrenwantingtocomehere.Thesemuralshaveputtrustbackinthecampusanditsteachers,andbydoingsoweareabletobuildacultureinwhichourstudentswanttobehereandlearn."（1）WhathashappenedatWarrenMiddleSchool?A.Paintinghasbecomepopularamongmoststudents.B.Somestudentshavesufferedgreatanxietyatschool.C.Itstoiletshavebeenbeautifiedwithinspiringwords.D.Motivationalmuralshavebeenmadeineachclassroom.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"alterations"inParagraph3probablymean?A.RulesB.ArgumentsC.ChangesD.Opportunities（3）What'sstudentsandparents'attitudetowardthosemurals?A.NegativeB.AmbiguousC.UninterestedD.Supportive（4）WhatdoesGarciaintendtodoaccordingtothetext?A.Reduceincreasinganxiety.B.Buildanartisticatmosphere.C.Createatrustingenvironment.D.Introduceanewculturetosociety.【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，德克萨斯州的一所中学绘制卫生间文化墙，用正能量的语言激励学生，从而获得学生和家长的一致好评。（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Throughaprocesscalledthe‘bathroominspirationproject,’teachersandadministratorsatWarrenMiddleSchool,spenttheirsummerbeautifyingtheschool'srestroomsbypaintingmotivationalmuralsoneachofthestalls

Formingmessageslike‘Yourmistakesdon'tdefineyou’and‘Scatterkindness,’"可知，该中学用励志语言美化了卫生间的每一个小隔间。故选C。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“doingitsparttomakesuremiddleschoolersarereturningrefreshedandinspiredtolearn,”以及本段划线单词前面的Sincepostingphotosofupgradestotheschool和后面的havearousedagreatresponse可推知，该校别具一格的特色改变引起了大家的关注。故alterations在此意为“改变”。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Studentshavebeentalkingaboutthemuralsfromthemomentthepictureshadbeenposted.Someeventookthetimetofindareasontocomeuptothecampustoseethemurals”以及最后一段中的“Ihavehadmanyparentstellmehowtheycanjustfeeladifferenceinthecampusclimateandhowmuchtheyareenjoyingseeingtheirchildrenwantingtocomehere”可推知，学生和家长对学校的这一举措持支持态度。故选D。（4）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“itisalsovitalfortheschool'snewprincipal,whoistryingtogainthetrustofthecommunityduringatimeinwhichtrustissonecessaryorschools”以及最后一段中Garcia所说的“Thesemuralshaveputtrustbackinthecampus”可推知，校长Garcia希望创建一个家长对学校充满信任的大环境。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。8．阅读理解

Nobelprizewinnerssometimesdisplayasmuchuniquenesswhendecidinghowtospendtheirprizemoneyastheydidontheworkthatwonthemtheawardinthefirstplace.

WhenSirPaulNursewontheNobelPrizeforMedicinein2001,hedecidedtoupgradehismotorbike.Afellowwinnerin1993,RichardRoberts,installedacroquetlawninfrontofhishouse.AustrianauthorElfriedeJelinek,whowonin2004,saidtheprizemeant"financialindependence."

LarsHeikensten,executivedirectoroftheNobelFoundation,saidtherewerenoobviousshoppingtrendsamongwinners.

"Ithinkitdepen