专题10 句子种类、基本句型（知识梳理+高频考点精讲+进阶分级练）（讲义广东专用）（原卷版及全解全析）

/专题10句子种类、基本句型目录目录学考要求速览必备知识梳理高频考点精讲进阶分级练句子种类：按使用目的分类：考生需掌握句子按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。陈述句用于陈述事实或观点，包括肯定和否定形式，如“Sheisateacher.”；疑问句用于提出问题，包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句，如“Issheateacher?”；祈使句用于表示请求、命令或劝告，主语通常省略，以动词原形开头，如“Pleaseopenthedoor.”；感叹句用于表达强烈感情，常用“What”或“How”引导，如“Whatabeautifuldayitis!”。按结构分类：考生需清楚句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成，表达一个完整意思，如“HeandIstudyandplaytogether.”；并列句由并列连词（如and,but,or,so等）连接两个或两个以上的简单句构成，如“IlikeEnglish,butheprefersmath.”；复合句包含一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句，从句由从属连词引导，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等，如“Ithink(that)heisright.”是宾语从句。基本句型：主语+谓语(不及物动词)：考生需掌握此句型中谓语动词后不接宾语，句子意思完整。如“Thesunrises.”。有时可跟状语修饰动词，如“Theytalkedforanhour.”。主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语：考生需掌握此句型中谓语动词后必须接宾语，句子意思才完整。如“SheteachesEnglish.”。主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语：考生需掌握此句型中谓语动词后接两个宾语（通常人为间接宾语，物为直接宾语）。常见动词有give,show,bring,tell,teach等。如“Hegavemeabook.”可转换为“Hegaveabooktome.”。主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语：考生需掌握此句型中“宾语+宾语补足语”构成复合宾语，两者存在逻辑上的主谓关系。可作宾补的有名词、形容词、介词短语、不定式、分词等。如“Weelectedhimmonitor.”（名词作宾补）；“Thenewsmadeushappy.”（形容词作宾补）。主语+系动词+表语：考生需掌握此句型中系动词不能单独作谓语，必须与表语一起构成系表结构说明主语的状态、性质、特征等。除be动词外，还有表示状态变化的（如become,get,turn,grow）、保持状态的（如keep,stay,remain）以及感官动词（如look,sound,smell,taste,feel）等。如“Hebecameadoctor.”；“Thefoodtastesdelicious.”。考点一：句子种类类别细分规则说明例句按使用目的陈述句1.用于陈述事实或观点，句末用句号。

2.分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。Theskyisblue./Shedoesn'tlikecoffee.疑问句1.

一般疑问句：用yes或no回答，结构为“系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+其它？”。

2.

特殊疑问句：用疑问词（what,who,where,when,why,how等）开头。

3.

选择疑问句：用or连接两个选项。

4.

反意疑问句：前肯后否，前否后肯。—Isheastudent?—Yes,heis.

Wheredoyoulive?

Doyouliketeaorcoffee?

It'saniceday,isn'tit?祈使句1.表示请求、命令、劝告等，主语you常省略。

2.以动词原形开头，否定式在动词前加Don't。

3.Let's开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用shallwe?Bequiet./Don'tbelate.

Let'sgo,shallwe?感叹句1.

What(+a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!

2.

How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!Whatabeautifulpicture(itis)!

Howfast(heruns)!按结构简单句1.只包含一个主谓结构，句子成分由单词或短语充当。

2.可以有并列主语或并列谓语。MybrotherandIstudyandplaytogether.并列句1.由并列连词（and,but,or,so,for,yet,while等）连接两个或以上的简单句构成。

2.各分句在语法上独立，意义相关。IlikeEnglish,butheprefersmath.复合句1.包含一个主句和一个及以上从句。

2.从句由从属连词引导，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分。Ithink(that)heishonest.(宾语从句)考点二：基本句型序号基本句型构成要素功能与说明例句1主+谓(S+V)主语+不及物动词谓语动词能独立表达完整意思，后不接宾语。常后接状语修饰。Thesunrises./Birdssingsweetly.2主+谓+宾(S+V+O)主语+及物动词+宾语谓语动词后必须接宾语意义才完整。宾语是动作的承受者。SheteachesEnglish./Ilovemyfamily.3主+谓+间宾+直宾(S+V+IO+DO)主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语双宾动词后接两个宾语，人为间接宾语(IO)，物为直接宾语(DO)。常可转换为“动词+直宾+to/for+间宾”。Hegavemeabook.=Hegaveabooktome.4主+谓+宾+宾补(S+V+O+OC)主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语宾补用于补充说明宾语，与宾语存在逻辑上的主谓关系。可由名词、形容词、不定式、分词等充当。Weelectedhimmonitor.(名词)

Thenewsmadeushappy.(形容词)5主+系+表(S+V+P)主语+系动词+表语系动词不能单独作谓语，必须与表语构成系表结构说明主语。常见系动词：be,become,feel,look,sound,taste,smell,seem,get,turn,grow,keep,stay,remain等。Heisadoctor.(名词)

Thecaketastesdelicious.(形容词)练考点一：句子种类1.______afantasticconcertitwaslastnight!2.Hehasfinishedhishomework,______he?3.______(not,be)lateforthemeetingtomorrow.It'sveryimportant.4.Couldyoupleasetellme______therailwaystationis?5.—Thenewsci-fimovieisboring.—______.Ialmostfellasleepinthecinema.A.SodoIB.SoamIC.NeitherdoID.NordidI6.______deliciousthesouptastes!7.Let'scleantheclassroomtogether,______?8.Shenevergoestoschoolbybus,______?9.______(open)thewindow.It'stoohotinside.10.Iwonder______hewillcometothepartyornot.1.______fineweatheritistoday!Let'sgohiking.A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa2.HecanhardlyunderstandtheSpanishspeaker,______?A.can'theB.canheC.doesheD.doesn'the3.______letmeknowifyouneedanyhelp.A.DoB.DoingC.DoneD.Todo4.Couldyoutellme______?A.whereisthebusstationB.wherethebusstationisC.thebusstationiswhereD.iswherethebusstation5.—I'mnotgoingtothepartytonight.—______.Ihavetofinishmyreport.A.SoamIB.SodoIC.NeitheramID.NordoI6.______wonderfulmusictheyareplaying!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa7.Letuscleantheblackboard,______?A.shallweB.willyouC.doweD.don'twe8.Nothingcanstopusnow,______?A.can'titB.canitC.can'ttheyD.canthey9.______talkloudlyinthelibrary.It'sarule.A.NotB.Don'tC.NoD.Doesn't10.Doyouknow______themeetingwillbegin?A.howlongB.howsoonC.howoftenD.howmuch考点二：基本句型1.Theflowersinthegarden______(smell)verysweet.2.Theteacher______(explain)thegrammarrulesclearlytousyesterday.3.Mymotherbought______(I)anewdictionary.4.Weshouldkeepourclassroom______(clean)andtidy.5.Thesun______(rise)intheeastandsetsinthewest.6.Theyelectedhim______(monitor)oftheclass.7.Thistheory______(sound)veryreasonable.8.Couldyouplease______(pass)methesalt?9.Thenewsmadeallofus______(feel)veryexcited.10.Time______(fly)quicklywhenyouarehavingfun.1.Thestory______veryinteresting.A.soundsB.hearsC.listensD.says2.Myfather______meainterestingstoryeverynightwhenIwasyoung.A.spokeB.saidC.toldD.talked3.Weshouldkeepthewindows______toletthefreshairin.A.openB.openedC.openingD.toopen4.Thetemperature______suddenlythesedays.A.hasfallenB.hasfeltC.hasfellD.hasfelt5.Theteacheraskedus______theclassroomafterschool.A.cleanB.tocleanC.cleaningD.cleaned6.Thissilkdress______verysoft.A.feelsB.touchesC.holdsD.tries7.Couldyouplease______yournameonthisform?A.writeB.towriteC.writingD.wrote8.Thechildrenareplaying______inthepark.A.happyB.happilyC.happinessD.happier9.Ifoundthebookherecommendedvery______.A.interestB.interestedC.interestingD.interests10.Themeeting______forthreehoursyesterday.A.lastedB.keptC.spentD.cost一、单项选择1.______wonderfulperformancethechildrenputonattheparty!A.WhatB.WhataC.HowD.Howa2.Sheseldomgoestothecinema,______?A.doessheB.doesn'tsheC.willsheD.won'tshe3.______meyourIDcardandstudentcard,please.A.ShowingB.ToshowC.ShowD.Showed4.Couldyoutellme______?A.whereisthenearestbankB.wherethenearestbankisC.thenearestbankiswhereD.iswherethenearestbank5.Thestoryhetoldus______veryexciting.A.heardB.soundedC.listenedD.spoke6.—Ididn'tenjoythelecture.—______.Itwastootheoretical.A.SodidIB.SoIdidC.NeitherdidID.NeitherIdid7.Theteachermadethedifficultproblem______easytounderstand.A.lookB.tolookC.lookedD.looking8.Let'strysomethingdifferentforachange,______?A.willyouB.shallweC.doweD.don'twe9.Idon'tknow______hewillagreewithourplan.A.thatB.whatC.ifD.which10.Thesun______behindthemountains,anditbecamedarkquickly.A.setB.setsC.wassetD.issetting单句语法填空11.______(not,forget)toturnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheroom.12.Thefreshbread______(smell)delicious.Ican'twaittotrysome.13.How______(interest)thenovelis!Ifinisheditinonesitting.14.Myparentsoften______(tell)meinspiringstorieswhenIwasachild.15.Nothingseems______(satisfy)him;healwaysfindssomethingtocomplainabout.16.Keepthedoor______(close).It'snoisyoutside.17.Whata______(value)experiencewegainedfromtheproject!18.Themanager'sdecisionmadealltheemployees______(feel)disappointed.19.Heaskedme______Icouldhelphimwithhiscomputer.20.Time______(fly)fastwhenyouarefocusedonyourwork.一、阅读理解A（2023届广东省肇庆市香山中学春季高考仿真考试三英语）IngridChenofNorthernIrelandwas28whenshelandedinKunming,capitalofYunnanProvince,tolearnChinesesignlanguages.Now52,shefoundafamily,acareerandapurposeduringheryearsinChina.Shefirstworkedinaprogramthatteachessignlanguages,craftsandsewingskillstopeopleover16fromtheruralareaswithnoeducationalopportunities.In2002,ChenandsomepartnersfromtheNGOestablishedtheirowncompany,Hearts&Hands,tohelplocaldisabledpeoplewhostruggletofindaneducationandajob.ThecompanysellsproductsmadeinthetraditionalstyleofYunnanethniccultures.Theseproductsarecreatedbythedeaf.In2016,theybegansellingproductstopeopleindifferentEuropeancountriesandtotheMiddleEast.However,theyhavetroubleshippingproducts.Productscan’treachtheirdestinationquicklyandsometimesgetlost,whicharereallyfrustrating.TheyalsoopenedaWeChatstore.Onthefirstday,theyhadover7,000viewsoftheproducts.ThankstotheWeChatstore,theirproductsarenowgoingouttoallpartsofChina.She’snevertakenasalaryforherwork,soherfamily’sdailyexpensesarecoveredbyherhusband,whoisawoodworker.ButChenhasneverregrettedstartinghercompany.21.HowmanyyearshasIngridChenbeeninChina?A.223. B.52. C.24. D.221.22.IngridfirstcametoKunmingto________．A.gosightseeing B.learnChinesesignlanguageC.learnsewingskills D.establishacompany23.WhomadetheproductssoldbyHearts&Hands?A.Theblind. B.Thedisabled. C.Thedeaf. D.Thelocalpeople.24.Whichofthefollowingwordscanreplacetheunderlinedword“frustrating”inParagraph3?A.upset. B.wonderful. C.hopeful. D.useless.25.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.IngridChenearnedmoneyinChina. B.IngridChenraisesherfamilyinChina.C.IngridChenteachesEnglishinChina. D.IngridChenhelpsdisabledpeopleinChina.B（2025年山东省春季高考第三次模拟考试英语试题）LittleJohnnylivedinapoorvillage.OnesummerdayJohnny’smothersenthimtothefieldtopickupsomedriedwoodforthefire.Johnnyworkedveryhard.Bythetimethesunwashigh,hewasveryhotandwishedforacoolplacetorestandhavesomefood.Ashewalkedalong,hefoundsomefine,wildblueberries.“Howgoodthesewillbewithmybreadandbutter,”thoughtJohnny.Hepickedupalloftheblueberries.Ashewasliftingthefirstblueberrytohismouth,herememberedhissickmother.Withthisinmind,heputtheblueberrybackagain.Hethoughthowrefreshingtheywouldbeforher,yetwasstilllookingatthemwithalongingeye.“Iwilleathalf,andtaketheotherhalftoher,”hesaid.Hedividedthemintotwoparts,buteachpartlookedsmall.Heputthemtogetheragain.“Iwillonlyeatone,”hethought.But,asheagainliftedittohismouth,hesawthathehadtakenthefinest,andheputitback.Whenthesunwasbeginningtosink,Johnnysetoutforhome.Howhappyhefelt,then,thathehadallhisblueberriesforhismother.Heheardhismother’sfaint(虚弱的)voicecallinghim.“Isthatyou,Johnny?Iamthirsty,andamlongingforsometea.”Johnnyrantoherandjoyfullyofferedhiswildblueberries.“Andyousavedthemforyoursickmother,didn’tyou?”saidshe,layingherhandlovinglyonhishead,withtearsinhereyes.26.WhydidJohnnygotothefield?A.Toeathisbreadandbutter. B.Todrytheplantsintheirfield.C.Tolookforsomewoodforthefire. D.Topicksomefruitsforhismothertoeat.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“withalongingeye”showaboutJohnny?A.Hewantedtofindmoreblueberries.B.Hefeltthatthesunlightwastoostrong.C.Hewantedtoeattheblueberriesverymuch.D.Hethoughttheblueberriesweregoodforhismother.28.WhydidJohnnyputdowntheblueberrythesecondtimeheliftedittohismouth?A.Becauseitlookedsosmall. B.Becauseitwasthefinestone.C.Becausehewasnotsohungry. D.Becausehewantedtoeatotherblueberries.29.Whatisthecorrectorderaccordingtothetext?a.Johnnyputthefinestblueberryback.b.Johnnyfoundsomewildblueberries.c.Johnnydividedblueberriesintotwoparts.d.Johnnyofferedhiswildblueberriestohismother.e.Johnnywasveryhotandwantedtorestandhavesomefood.A.e-b-c-a-d B.a-e-d-c-b C.e-d-c-a-b D.e-b-d-c-a30.HowdidJohnny’smotherfeelafterseeingtheblueberries?A.Shefelttheblueberriesweresodelicious. B.Shewasmovedbyherson’scareandlove.C.Shewastoohungrytothinkaboutanything. D.Shethoughtthathersonmightwanttoeatthem.C（江苏省2025年普通高中学业水平合格性考试(春季高考适用)英语仿真模拟试卷03）ChooseYourOne-Day-ToursintheUnitedStates!TourA—

NewYorkCity:ImpressyourselfwiththebusycitywithavisittothefamouslandmarksoftheBigApple.ExploreTimesSquare,thecenterofthecitythatneversleeps,andwalkthroughthebeautifulCentralPark.Don’tmissthechancetoseetheworld-famousStatueofLibertyupclose.Price:$50.TourB—GrandCanyon:AppreciatetheamazingbeautyoftheGrandCanyon,oneofnature’sgreatestworks.TakeaguidedtouroftheSouthRimandbeamazedbythebreathtakingviewsofthedeep,colorfulcanyons.Catchunforgettablemomentswithimpressivephotoopportunities.Price:$80.TourC—SanFrancisco:Beginajourneytotheattractivecitybythebay.VisitthesplendidGoldenGateBridgewhereyoucantakebreathtakingphotosandexplorethelivelyFisherman’sWharf,andtakeaboattothehistoricAlcatrazIsland.Enjoyaguidedtourofthecity’slivelyneighborhoodsandsatisfyyourstomachwiththemouth-wateringdishes.Price:$60.TourD—MiamiBeach:Escapetothesunnyparadise(乐园)ofMiamiBeach.Startyourdaybyrelaxingontheunspoiledsandybeaches,batheyourselfinthelivelyenvironmentoftheArtDecoDistrict,andhaveanamazingexperienceinshoppinganddiningalongthefamousOceanDrivewhereyou’llfinduniquegiftstobringbackhome.Price:$45.ChooseyourfavouritetourandstartanunforgettableadventurethroughsomeofthemostfamousdestinationsintheUnitedStates.Clickheretobookyourone-daytournowandcreatememoriesthatwilllastalifetime.Pricesaresubjecttochange,sobookearlytoobtainyourspot!31．Whichtourwillyouchooseifyoulikenaturalwonders?A．TourA． B．TourB． C．TourC． D．TourD．32．WhatcanyouexperienceinbothTourCandTourD?A．Shoppingfortravelgifts.B．Tastingdeliciouslocalfood.C．Appreciatingdifferentkindsofarts.D．Experiencingthecity’shistoricalculture.33．Whatisthepossiblesourceofthistext?A．Anationalnewspaper. B．Amagazine.C．Atravelbrochure. D．Awebsitepage.D（2025年云南省第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷02）Cryptocurrencieshavetakenthefinancialworldbystorminrecentyears.Bitcoin,thefirstandmostwell-knowncryptocurrency,wasintroducedin2009.Cryptocurrenciesaredigitalorvirtualcurrenciesthatusecryptographyforsecurity.Oneofthemainfeaturesofcryptocurrenciesistheirdecentralizednature.Unliketraditionalcurrenciesthatareregulatedbycentralbanks,cryptocurrenciesoperateonatechnologycalledblockchain.Ablockchainisadistributedledgerthatrecordsalltransactionsacrossanetworkofcomputers.Thismeansthatnosingleentityhascontroloverthecurrency.However,theriseofcryptocurrenciesalsobringsseveralissues.Theirvaluecanbeextremelyvolatile.Forexample,thepriceofBitcoinhasexperiencedwildfluctuations,sometimesrisingorfallingbythousandsofdollarsinashortperiod.Additionally,thelackofregulationmakesthemvulnerabletoillegalactivitiessuchasmoneylaunderingandfraud.Therearealsoconcernsabouttheenvironmentalimpactofcryptocurrencymining,asitrequiresalargeamountofenergy.34.Whatarecryptocurrencies?A.Traditionalpapercurrencies.B.Digitalorvirtualcurrenciesusingcryptographyforsecurity.C.Currenciesonlyusedinillegalactivities.D.Currenciesregulatedbycentralbanks.35.Whatisthemainfeatureofcryptocurrencies?A.Theyarecontrolledbycentralbanks.B.Theyarealwaysstableinvalue.C.Theyaredecentralizedandoperateonblockchain.D.Theyareonlyusedforonlineshopping.36.Whataretheproblemswithcryptocurrencies?A.Volatilevalue,lackofregulation,andenvironmentalimpact.B.Theyaretooeasytouse.C.Theyareonlyusedbyafewpeople.D.Theyaretooexpensivetomine.37.Whyarecryptocurrenciesvulnerabletoillegalactivities?A.Becausetheyaretoopopular.B.Becausetheylackregulation.C.Becausetheyaredigital.D.Becausetheyaretoovaluable.二、完形填空（2025年云南省第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷01）Inasmalltown,therelivedayounggirlnamedLily.Shewasknownforherkindheartandherloveforanimals.Lilyhadalwaysdreamedofbecomingaveterinarian,someonewhocouldtakecareofsickandinjuredanimals.Oneday,whilewalkinginthewoodsnearherhome,Lilyheardastrangesound.Itwasasoftwhimperingthatseemedtobecomingfroma___38____direction.Curious,shefollowedthesounduntilshecameuponasmall,furrycreaturehuddledunderabush.Itwasalittlefoxcub,anditlookedasifitwasinpain.Lily'sheart____39____atthesightofthepoorcub.Shecarefullypickeditupandnoticedthatoneofitslegswasbleeding.Withouthesitation,sherushedbackhomewiththecubinherarms.Sheknewshehadtodosomethingtohelpit.Onceathome,Lilyquicklyfoundsomecleanclothsto____40____thecub'swound.Shethencalledhermother,whowasanurse,foradviceonwhattodonext.Hermothertoldhertokeepthecubwarmandquietuntiltheycouldgetittoaveterinarian.Thenextday,Lilyandhermothertookthefoxcubtothelocalanimalclinic.Thevetthereexaminedthecubcarefullyandsaidthatithadprobablybeen____41____byatrap.Fortunately,theinjurywasn'ttoosevere,andwithpropertreatment,thecubwouldbeabletorecover.Lilywas____42____tohearthegoodnews.Shevisitedthecubatthecliniceverydayafterschool,bringingitlittletreatsandsittingwithittokeepitcompany.Thecubseemedtorecognizeherandwouldwagitstail____43____wheneveritsawher.Overthenextfewweeks,thefoxcubslowlyregaineditsstrength.Lilywatchedin____44____asitbegantowalkandrunaroundthecageattheclinic.Shewassoproudofhowfarithadcome.Finally,thedaycamewhenthevetsaidthecubwashealthyenoughtobereleasedbackintothewild.Lilywasbothhappyandsad.Shewashappythatthecubwaswellagain,butsheknewshewould____45____itterribly.Onthedayoftherelease,Lilycarriedthecubbacktothewoodswhereshehadfoundit.Shekneltdownandgentlyplacedthecubontheground.Thecublookedupatherwithitsbrighteyes,asiftosaythankyou.Then,itturnedandboundedoffintothewoods,disappearingfrom____46____.Lilystoodthereforalongtime,watchingthespotwherethecubhadvanished.Sheknewthatthisexperiencehadchangedherlife.Ithadmadeherevenmoredeterminedtobecomeaveterinarianandtohelpasmanyanimalsasshecould.Fromthatdayon,Lilyworkedevenharderinschool.Shestudied____47____forallherscienceclasses,especiallythoserelatedtobiologyandanimalhealth.Shealsovolunteeredatthelocalanimalshelteronweekends,gettingmoreexperienceintakingcareofdifferentanimals.Herparentsandteacherswere___48____byherdedication.Theycouldseethepassioninhereyesandknewthatshewouldachieveherdreamoneday.AsLilygrewolder,shecontinuedtopursuehergoal.Shewenttocollegetostudyveterinarymedicineandgraduatedwithhonors.Afterthat,sheopenedherownanimalclinicinherhometown,whereshecouldprovidethebestcarefortheanimalsinneed.Manyyearslater,oneday,whileworkingatherclinic,Lilyreceivedastrangevisit.Ayounggirlcameinwithasmall,injuredbirdinherhands.Thegirlwascrying,worriedaboutthebird's___49____Lilyimmediatelytookthebirdandbegantoexamineit.Asshedidso,shecouldn'thelpbutthinkbacktothedaywhenshehadfoundthefoxcub.Shesmiledatthegirlandsaid,"Don'tworry,we'lltakegoodcareofit.JustlikeItookcareofalittlefoxcubwhenIwasyourage."Thegirllookedatherin___50____andasked,"Really?Yousavedafoxcub?"Lilynoddedandtoldherthewholestory.Thegirl'seyeswidenedwithadmiration.ThatmomentmadeLilyrealizehowimportantitwastoshareherexperiences.Shehopedthatbytellingherstory,shecouldinspireotherstocareaboutanimalstoo.Andsheknewthatallthehardworkanddeterminationshehadputinovertheyearshadbeen___51____it.Intheend,Lily'sloveforanimalsnotonlyfulfilledherowndreambutalsohadapositiveimpactonthosearoundher.Shehadbecomearolemodelfortheyounggirlandmanyotherswhowouldcometoherclinic,showingthemthatwithloveanddetermination,anythingwas___52____38.A.specific B.general C.opposite D.random39.A.sank B.raced C.beat D.leapt40.A.hide B.cover C.expose D.clean41.A.caught B.chased C.hunted D.attacked42.A.relieved B.disappointed C.confused D.excited43.A.weakly B.eagerly C.nervously D.angrily44.A.horror B.sadness C.amazement D.frustration45.A.miss B.forget C.forgive D.regret46.A.sight B.existence C.touch D.mind47.A.hard B.casually C.carelessly D.occasionally48.A.annoyed B.inspired C.surprised D.disappointed49.A.situation B.condition C.position D.location50.A.agreement B.satisfaction C.confusion D.disbelief51.A.worth B.cost C.worthy D.equal52.A.necessary B.impossible C.possible D.optional三、语法填空（2025年福建省第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷03）Althoughsometimesitmayseemimpossibletogetalongwellwithyourfamily,youcantakeactiontoimprovethesituation.Thekeyto53(keep)thepeaceisregularandhonestcommunication.Whenyoudisagreewithyourparents,takeaminutetocalmdownandtrytounderstandthesituation54theirpointofview.Perhapstheyhaveexperiencedsomethingsimilar55donotwantyoutogothroughthesamepain.Afteryouhavethoughtitthrough,explainyouractionsandfeelings56(calm),listencarefully,andaddresstheirconcerns.Throughthiskindofhealthydiscussionyouwilllearnwhen57(back)downandwhentoaskyourparentstorelax58(they)control.Justrememberthatitiscompletelynormaltostrugglewiththestressthatparent-child59(tense)create,and60youandyourparentscanworktogethertoimproveyourrelationship.Thegoodnewsisthatthis61(storm)periodwillnotlast.Everything62(turn)outallrightintheend,andthechangesandchallengesofyourteenageyearswillprepareyouforadulthood.四、应用文写作（2025年福建省第一次普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟试卷02）假定你是李华，暑期在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请你给美术馆负责人写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.个人优势；3.能做的事情。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearSirorMadam,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

专题10句子种类、基本句型目录目录学考要求速览必备知识梳理高频考点精讲进阶分级练句子种类：按使用目的分类：考生需掌握句子按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。陈述句用于陈述事实或观点，包括肯定和否定形式，如“Sheisateacher.”；疑问句用于提出问题，包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句，如“Issheateacher?”；祈使句用于表示请求、命令或劝告，主语通常省略，以动词原形开头，如“Pleaseopenthedoor.”；感叹句用于表达强烈感情，常用“What”或“How”引导，如“Whatabeautifuldayitis!”。按结构分类：考生需清楚句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句由一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）构成，表达一个完整意思，如“HeandIstudyandplaytogether.”；并列句由并列连词（如and,but,or,so等）连接两个或两个以上的简单句构成，如“IlikeEnglish,butheprefersmath.”；复合句包含一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句，从句由从属连词引导，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等，如“Ithink(that)heisright.”是宾语从句。基本句型：主语+谓语(不及物动词)：考生需掌握此句型中谓语动词后不接宾语，句子意思完整。如“Thesunrises.”。有时可跟状语修饰动词，如“Theytalkedforanhour.”。主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语：考生需掌握此句型中谓语动词后必须接宾语，句子意思才完整。如“SheteachesEnglish.”。主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语：考生需掌握此句型中谓语动词后接两个宾语（通常人为间接宾语，物为直接宾语）。常见动词有give,show,bring,tell,teach等。如“Hegavemeabook.”可转换为“Hegaveabooktome.”。主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语：考生需掌握此句型中“宾语+宾语补足语”构成复合宾语，两者存在逻辑上的主谓关系。可作宾补的有名词、形容词、介词短语、不定式、分词等。如“Weelectedhimmonitor.”（名词作宾补）；“Thenewsmadeushappy.”（形容词作宾补）。主语+系动词+表语：考生需掌握此句型中系动词不能单独作谓语，必须与表语一起构成系表结构说明主语的状态、性质、特征等。除be动词外，还有表示状态变化的（如become,get,turn,grow）、保持状态的（如keep,stay,remain）以及感官动词（如look,sound,smell,taste,feel）等。如“Hebecameadoctor.”；“Thefoodtastesdelicious.”。考点一：句子种类类别细分规则说明例句按使用目的陈述句1.用于陈述事实或观点，句末用句号。

2.分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。Theskyisblue./Shedoesn'tlikecoffee.疑问句1.

一般疑问句：用yes或no回答，结构为“系动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+其它？”。

2.

特殊疑问句：用疑问词（what,who,where,when,why,how等）开头。

3.

选择疑问句：用or连接两个选项。

4.

反意疑问句：前肯后否，前否后肯。—Isheastudent?—Yes,heis.

Wheredoyoulive?

Doyouliketeaorcoffee?

It'saniceday,isn'tit?祈使句1.表示请求、命令、劝告等，主语you常省略。

2.以动词原形开头，否定式在动词前加Don't。

3.Let's开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用shallwe?Bequiet./Don'tbelate.

Let'sgo,shallwe?感叹句1.

What(+a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!

2.

How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!Whatabeautifulpicture(itis)!

Howfast(heruns)!按结构简单句1.只包含一个主谓结构，句子成分由单词或短语充当。

2.可以有并列主语或并列谓语。MybrotherandIstudyandplaytogether.并列句1.由并列连词（and,but,or,so,for,yet,while等）连接两个或以上的简单句构成。

2.各分句在语法上独立，意义相关。IlikeEnglish,butheprefersmath.复合句1.包含一个主句和一个及以上从句。

2.从句由从属连词引导，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分。Ithink(that)heishonest.(宾语从句)考点二：基本句型序号基本句型构成要素功能与说明例句1主+谓(S+V)主语+不及物动词谓语动词能独立表达完整意思，后不接宾语。常后接状语修饰。Thesunrises./Birdssingsweetly.2主+谓+宾(S+V+O)主语+及物动词+宾语谓语动词后必须接宾语意义才完整。宾语是动作的承受者。SheteachesEnglish./Ilovemyfamily.3主+谓+间宾+直宾(S+V+IO+DO)主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语双宾动词后接两个宾语，人为间接宾语(IO)，物为直接宾语(DO)。常可转换为“动词+直宾+to/for+间宾”。Hegavemeabook.=Hegaveabooktome.4主+谓+宾+宾补(S+V+O+OC)主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语宾补用于补充说明宾语，与宾语存在逻辑上的主谓关系。可由名词、形容词、不定式、分词等充当。Weelectedhimmonitor.(名词)

Thenewsmadeushappy.(形容词)5主+系+表(S+V+P)主语+系动词+表语系动词不能单独作谓语，必须与表语构成